CN102870571A - Breeding method of wild large-leaf tea tree - Google Patents
Breeding method of wild large-leaf tea tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN102870571A CN102870571A CN2012103866628A CN201210386662A CN102870571A CN 102870571 A CN102870571 A CN 102870571A CN 2012103866628 A CN2012103866628 A CN 2012103866628A CN 201210386662 A CN201210386662 A CN 201210386662A CN 102870571 A CN102870571 A CN 102870571A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a wild Daye tea tree. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a seedling culture field as a seedbed; vertically placing a cylindrical mesh-bag seedling culture container industrially produced on the seedbed; selecting a semi-hardwood branch of the wild Daye tea growing in the current year; shearing the branch into cutting branches each of which contains a tea leaf; performing asexual cutting breeding from July to October every year; rooting the lower part of the cutting branch, and then planting the cutting branch into the seedling culture container; tightly pressing the lower part of the cutting branch by hands, and exposing one tea leaf out of the ground; arranging a sunshade net above the seedbed; keeping the seedbed wet; and when the tea leaf seedling grows to 16-20cm high, transplanting the tea tree seedling to a garden together with the seedling culture container. Through the invention, the mesh-bag container can be industrially produced, thereby being very simple and convenient; since the formula matrix preserves moisture and fertility and is permeable and breathable, the seedling rate can reach 90%; when in transplanting, the rejuvenation period is short, and the survival rate is high to 85%; and the mesh-bag container seedling is planted into soil so as to prevent pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding of plant, i.e. the mating system of a kind of wild daye tea tree.
Background technology
1969, the people such as Lu Wanjun find the wild daye tea tree that the quality of one tree last 100 years in age is splendid in peaceful Pu Xiang remote mountains, Taoyuan county, Hunan Province, through seed selection, breeding and experiment and demonstration, identified by Hunan Province's level Technical Achievements in 1989,1992 by Hunan Province's crop varietal approval committee, names to be " Land of Peach Blossoms Da Ye ".
Land of Peach Blossoms daye tea has now become the distinctive Local Excellent tea tree breed in Taoyuan county, Hunan Province, the various tealeaves of making take Land of Peach Blossoms daye tea as raw material, and the emerald green aquatic foods of tea matter are dense, and delicate fragrance is lasting.In October, 2005, Land of Peach Blossoms daye tea obtains national original producton location product protection, has obtained the national geography Taken authentication with " the wild tea king " of daye tea processing and fabricating.In recent years, under the great attention of Land of Peach Blossoms county Party committee, county government, this county Tea Industry, particularly daye tea industry in the Land of Peach Blossoms has obtained very fast development.
Find the wild daye tea tree of that strain till now four during the last ten years from the people such as Lu Wanjun in 1969, how more, faster, better breeding wild daye teas have been set an important process into local tea grower.Traditional practice is:
At first choose the address of growing seedlings, the seedbed is carried out, spread loess; Then select the semi-lignified branch of wild daye tea tree current growth, branch is cut into every section cuttage branch that includes a slice tealeaves, carry out asexual cutting propagation in annual July 11 to September 10, cuttage branch bottom done to take root insert the seedbed after processing, a slice tealeaves bassets, keep the seedbed moistening, when tealeaves seedling length to 16～be transplanted to large garden when 20cm is high, tealeaves seedling management method is cultivated into the tealeaves seedling of described transplanting the daye tea tea tree with wild tea gene routinely.
Although the asexual cuttage breeding method of this routine has been obtained some achievements, its shortcoming is that the survival rate of growing seedlings is low, only has 60%, and the survival rate of transplanting is not high yet, only has 70%.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentionedly to grow seedlings and transplant the low shortcoming of survival rate in order to overcome, the present invention proposes the new method that the asexual cuttage material mesh bag container of a kind of wild daye tea tree is grown seedlings
The mating system of this wild daye tea tree, it is characterized in that: select to grow seedlings the place, levelling of the land, do the seedbed, the columned net-bag seedling container that batch production is produced stands up on the seedbed, space between the net-bag seedling container is filled up with fine earth, select the semi-lignified branch of wild daye tea current growth, branch is cut into every section cuttage branch that includes a slice tealeaves, carry out asexual cutting propagation in the annual 7-10 month, processing is done to take root in cuttage branch bottom, be about to the cuttage branch bottom indolebutyric acid of weight concentration 10-20ppm, three's mixed solution bubble of the ammonium salt of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 20-50ppm and the sucrose solution of 3-5% 1-2 hour, then implant container for plant growth, with hand jam-packed cuttage branch bottom, allow a slice tealeaves basset, the overhead sun-proof net of arranging in the seedbed, keep the seedbed moistening, when tealeaves seedling length to 16～when 20cm is high tea seedling is transplanted to together with container for plant growth in the large garden, tealeaves seedling management method is cultivated into the tealeaves seedling of described transplanting the daye tea tea tree with wild tea gene routinely.
The net-bag seedling container can be used batch production production, and there is following a few class in the source of used matrix formulations raw material:
A, agriculture and forestry organic waste material class: crops straw, such as corn, Chinese sorghum, rice straw, reed and straw; B, humus soil; The expanded light body waste material of C, industry and mining is as the auxiliary material of prescription: comprise cinder, flyash.
The light body waste material that above various phyteral waste materials, industry and mining are expanded and soil are converted into matrix and need through following steps:
A, disposal of stability: various phyteral waste materials contain the organic matter of easy moldy metamorphism, and growth has great threat to seedlings root for the heat that produces in the process on the turn, pernicious gas and liquid, and the way of removing this threat needs fermentation; The high temperature that produces by fermentation kills weed seed, sick worm source, reduces sick worm, crop smothering in the seedling raising process; B, pulverizing and screening: formula materials has the particle diameter requirement, and the too little matrix water-holding capacity of particle diameter is large, airtight, and particle diameter too greatly then matrix water-holding capacity is too small, also is unfavorable for seedling early growth; C, drying: machine is to the requirement of humidity of materials when producing to adapt to material mesh bag container, and water content is no more than 35%; D, mix various formula materials composite.
Make columned light base material mesh bag container: utilize the material mesh bag container forming machine of selling on the domestic market composite good matrix and packaging material, be that nonwoven integrates, produce a kind of cylindrical shape intestines shape product, diameter 5-8 centimetre, be used for after the segment growing seedlings, every segment length is 10-15 centimetre during segment, and each section is exactly a monomer, bottomless, columned material mesh bag container; The matrix filling should full, flexible, nothing breakage.
Material mesh bag container is applied to the advantage that tea tree grows seedlings:
1, material mesh bag container can be carried out suitability for industrialized production, and is very easy to be light;
2, because formulation media has preserve moisture and fertility, water-permeable and air permeable again, the characteristics such as pathogeny worm source radix is very little, the material mesh bag container seedling raising process is saved worry, and the tea seedling growth is faster, more healthy and stronger, and planting percent can reach 90%;
When 3, transplanting, flourishing root system and matrix, mesh bag three in one, not faling apart when transporting from the seedbed to the land for growing field crops sticks together, and extremely light, tea seedling adaptability is good, management saving of labor after planting, seedling-slowing stage is short, survival rate is high, can reach 85%;
4, the material mesh bag container seedling is implanted soil, is equivalent to use soil conditioner, have the improvement of soil fertility effect, but the material mesh bag container natural degradation becomes thread, does not form pollution.
Embodiment
As follows to the detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
We have tested this tea tree material mesh bag container seedling-cultivating method in 2011 in the Taoyuan county, Hunan Province, and step is as follows:
One, prepare the material mesh bag container formula material:
A, agriculture and forestry organic waste material class: rice straw; B, humus soil; C, flyash; The weight ratio of its A:B:C is 5%:80%:15%, stirs;
Two, the light body waste material that above various phyteral waste materials, industry and mining are expanded and soil are converted into matrix needs through following steps:
A, disposal of stability: cover Polypropylence Sheet, heap fermentation 3-5 days; The high temperature that produces by fermentation kills weed seed, sick worm source, reduces sick worm, crop smothering in the seedling raising process; B, pulverizing and screening: the formula materials particle diameter is crossed 30 mesh sieves; C, drying: machine is to the requirement of humidity of materials when producing to adapt to material mesh bag container, and water content is no more than 35%; D, various formula materials are mixed composite, again stir.
Three, make columned light base material mesh bag container: utilize the material mesh bag container forming machine of selling on the domestic market composite good matrix and packaging material, be that nonwoven integrates, produce a kind of cylindrical shape intestines shape product, 6 centimetres, be used for after the segment growing seedlings, every segment length is 12 centimetres during segment, and each section is exactly a monomer, bottomless, columned material mesh bag container; The matrix filling should full, flexible, nothing breakage.
Four, the mating system of this wild daye tea tree, the selection place of growing seedlings, levelling of the land, do the seedbed, the columned net-bag seedling container that batch production is produced stands up on the seedbed, space between the net-bag seedling container is filled up with fine earth, select the semi-lignified branch of wild daye tea current growth, branch is cut into every section cuttage branch that includes a slice tealeaves, carry out asexual cutting propagation in August, 2011, processing is done to take root in cuttage branch bottom, be about to the cuttage branch bottom indolebutyric acid of weight concentration 15ppm, three's mixed solution bubble of the ammonium salt of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 30ppm and 4% sucrose solution 1.5 hours, then implant container for plant growth, with hand jam-packed cuttage branch bottom, allow a slice tealeaves basset, the overhead sun-proof net of arranging in the seedbed, keep the seedbed moistening, when tealeaves seedling length is high to 18cm tea seedling is transplanted to together with container for plant growth in the large garden, tealeaves seedling management method is cultivated into the tealeaves seedling of described transplanting the daye tea tea tree with wild tea gene routinely.
Taoyuan county transplanting tea tree material mesh bag container was grown seedlings and is carried out pilot in 2011,1 mu of seedbed area, and every mu of 2000 strains of growing seedlings, average planting percent is 95%, transplants 10 mu of areas, plants seedling 500 strains for every mu, survival rate reaches 98%, without obvious seedling-slowing stage.
Claims (2)
1. the mating system of a wild daye tea tree, it is characterized in that: select to grow seedlings the place, levelling of the land, do the seedbed, the columned net-bag seedling container that batch production is produced stands up on the seedbed, space between the net-bag seedling container is filled up with fine earth, select the semi-lignified branch of wild daye tea current growth, branch is cut into every section cuttage branch that includes a slice tealeaves, carry out asexual cutting propagation in the annual 7-10 month, processing is done to take root in cuttage branch bottom, be about to the cuttage branch bottom indolebutyric acid of weight concentration 10-20ppm, three's mixed solution bubble of the ammonium salt of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 20-50ppm and the sucrose solution of 3-5% 1-2 hour, then implant container for plant growth, with hand jam-packed cuttage branch bottom, allow a slice tealeaves basset, the overhead sun-proof net of arranging in the seedbed, keep the seedbed moistening, when tealeaves seedling length to 16～when 20cm is high tea seedling is transplanted to together with container for plant growth in the large garden, tealeaves seedling management method is cultivated into the tealeaves seedling of described transplanting the daye tea tea tree with wild tea gene routinely.
2. the mating system of a kind of wild daye tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the production of net-bag seedling container factory, the source of used matrix formulations raw material have following a few class:
A, agriculture and forestry organic waste material class: crops straw, such as corn, Chinese sorghum, rice straw, reed and straw; B, humus soil; The expanded light body waste material of C, industry and mining is as the auxiliary material of prescription: comprise cinder, flyash;
The light body waste material that above various phyteral waste materials, industry and mining are expanded and soil are converted into matrix and need through following steps:
A, disposal of stability: various phyteral waste materials contain the organic matter of easy moldy metamorphism, and growth has great threat to seedlings root for the heat that produces in the process on the turn, pernicious gas and liquid, and the way of removing this threat needs fermentation; The high temperature that produces by fermentation kills weed seed, sick worm source, reduces sick worm, crop smothering in the seedling raising process; B, pulverizing and screening: formula materials has the particle diameter requirement, and the too little matrix water-holding capacity of particle diameter is large, airtight, and particle diameter too greatly then matrix water-holding capacity is too small, also is unfavorable for seedling early growth; C, drying: machine is to the requirement of humidity of materials when producing to adapt to material mesh bag container, and water content is no more than 35%; D, mix various formula materials composite;
Make columned light base material mesh bag container: utilize the material mesh bag container forming machine of selling on the domestic market composite good matrix and packaging material, be that nonwoven integrates, produce a kind of cylindrical shape intestines shape product, diameter 5-8 centimetre, be used for after the segment growing seedlings, every segment length is 10-15 centimetre during segment, and each section is exactly a monomer, bottomless, columned material mesh bag container; The matrix filling should full, flexible, nothing breakage.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460922A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-25 | 湖北楚孝生态茶叶有限公司 | Method of planting flat tea of China tea 108 |
| CN103960013A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 贵州习水县勤韵茶业有限公司 | Clonal cutting method of camellia arborescens seedling culture |
| CN103988671A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-20 | 黄少伟 | Seedling cultivation method for tea seeds |
| CN104145624A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-19 | 唐飞 | Cutting seedling method for rock tea |
| CN106034931A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-26 | 贵州仁怀中林农业发展有限公司 | Hybrid paper mulberry seedling method |
| CN106069485A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 习水县大和老鹰茶农民专业合作社 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of big tree tea |
| CN108530126A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-09-14 | 贵州省正安县乐茗香生态有机茶业有限公司 | A kind of organic tree plant sapling plantation organic fibre soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108812012A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-16 | 广西金秀瑶族自治县新元茶业有限公司 | A kind of mating system of white beef tea |
| CN111955186A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Cuttage method for minimal population plant Nanchuan tea |
| CN112056102A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-11 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of method for promoting root growth of tea tree cuttings |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145624A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-19 | 唐飞 | Cutting seedling method for rock tea |
| CN103460922A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-25 | 湖北楚孝生态茶叶有限公司 | Method of planting flat tea of China tea 108 |
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| CN103960013A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-06 | 贵州习水县勤韵茶业有限公司 | Clonal cutting method of camellia arborescens seedling culture |
| CN103960013B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-09-09 | 贵州习水县勤韵茶业有限公司 | The asexual cottage method of a kind of large tree tea nursery |
| CN103988671A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-20 | 黄少伟 | Seedling cultivation method for tea seeds |
| CN106034931A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-26 | 贵州仁怀中林农业发展有限公司 | Hybrid paper mulberry seedling method |
| CN106069485A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 习水县大和老鹰茶农民专业合作社 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of big tree tea |
| CN108812012A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-16 | 广西金秀瑶族自治县新元茶业有限公司 | A kind of mating system of white beef tea |
| CN108530126A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-09-14 | 贵州省正安县乐茗香生态有机茶业有限公司 | A kind of organic tree plant sapling plantation organic fibre soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111955186A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Cuttage method for minimal population plant Nanchuan tea |
| CN111955186B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | A cutting method of Nanchuan tea, a very small population plant |
| CN112056102A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-11 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of method for promoting root growth of tea tree cuttings |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |