CN102866017B - Altitude environment simulation test cabin for internal combustion power equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱，包括舱体，该舱体由隔断分为常温常压区和用于放置待测设备的高原环境模拟区，所述的常温常压区安装有用于检测待测设备的测功机，设有通过供气管路与高原环境模拟区连通的供气系统，设有通过真空管路分别与待测设备排气口以及高原环境模拟区连接的第一真空系统和第二真空系统。本发明内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱可以模拟低气压、高低温、湿度等试验条件，并根据试验要求对试验环境条件进行控制，完成对试验环境数据和控制参数的记录和处理，视频监控和记录试验过程。
The invention discloses a plateau environment simulation test cabin for internal combustion power equipment. A dynamometer for detecting the equipment to be tested is installed, a gas supply system connected to the plateau environment simulation area through the air supply pipeline, and a second gas supply system connected to the exhaust port of the equipment to be tested and the plateau environment simulation area through the vacuum pipeline respectively A vacuum system and a second vacuum system. The plateau environment simulation test cabin of the internal combustion power equipment of the present invention can simulate low air pressure, high and low temperature, humidity and other test conditions, and control the test environment conditions according to the test requirements, complete the recording and processing of test environment data and control parameters, video monitoring and Record the test process.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种模拟舱，尤其涉及一种用于测试内燃动力设备性能的高原环境模拟舱。 The invention relates to a simulation cabin, in particular to a plateau environment simulation cabin for testing the performance of internal combustion power equipment.
背景技术 Background technique
近年来，随着我国青藏高原地区国防、经济建设和社会发展步伐的不断加大，在高原地区运行的各类内燃动力设备在高原地区特有的低温低气压等恶劣自然气候条件下，动力性、经济性、起动性、热平衡性等各主要指标均有不同程度的下降，导致这些设备的高原环境适应性普遍不佳，所以，如何有效研究和提高动力设备的高原环境适应性越来越具有举足轻重的地位。 In recent years, with the increasing pace of national defense, economic construction and social development in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region, all kinds of internal combustion power equipment operating in the plateau region have poor power, low pressure and other harsh natural climate conditions. The main indicators such as economy, starting performance, and thermal balance have declined to varying degrees, resulting in the generally poor adaptability of these equipment to plateau environments. Therefore, how to effectively study and improve the adaptability of power equipment to plateau environments is becoming more and more important. status.
对于内燃动力设备高原环境适应性的试验研究手段，主要分为高原实地试验和平原模拟试验两大类，由于平原模拟试验具有成本低、可重复性好、模拟参数可任意调节、试验周期短等优点，目前在环境试验领域受到极大重视。 The experimental research methods for the plateau environment adaptability of internal combustion power equipment are mainly divided into two categories: plateau field test and plain simulation test. Because of the advantages of low cost, good repeatability, simulation parameters can be adjusted arbitrarily, and short test period, etc. At present, it has received great attention in the field of environmental testing.
目前，平原模拟试验多采用高原环境模拟舱方式，即将内燃动力设备置于模拟舱体内，对舱体实施抽真空以降低舱内的气压。由于内燃动力设备启动后排出高温气体，使得舱体内的温度和压力不断升高，所以舱体内的压力变化比较剧烈，很难准确模拟出真正的高原环境。 At present, the plateau environment simulation cabin is mostly used in the plain simulation test, that is, the internal combustion power equipment is placed in the simulation cabin, and the cabin is vacuumed to reduce the air pressure in the cabin. Since the internal combustion power equipment discharges high-temperature gas after starting, the temperature and pressure in the cabin continue to rise, so the pressure in the cabin changes drastically, and it is difficult to accurately simulate the real plateau environment.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种能够平稳降低舱体内压力的内燃动力设备高原环境模拟舱。 The invention provides an internal combustion power equipment plateau environment simulation cabin capable of stably reducing the pressure in the cabin.
一种内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱，包括舱体，该舱体由隔断分为常温常压区和用于放置待测设备的高原环境模拟区，所述的常温常压区 安装有用于检测待测设备的测功机，设有通过供气管路与高原环境模拟区连通的供气系统，设有通过真空管路分别与待测设备排气口以及高原环境模拟区连接的第一真空系统和第二真空系统。 A plateau environment simulation test cabin for internal combustion power equipment, including a cabin body, which is divided into a normal temperature and pressure zone and a plateau environment simulation zone for placing equipment to be tested by partitions. The dynamometer of the equipment to be tested is equipped with an air supply system connected to the plateau environment simulation area through the air supply pipeline, and is equipped with the first vacuum system and the Second vacuum system.
所述的第一真空系统从待测设备排气口端开始，依次包括换热器、缓冲罐、控制阀门和真空泵。 The first vacuum system starts from the exhaust port of the equipment under test and includes a heat exchanger, a buffer tank, a control valve and a vacuum pump in sequence.
所述的第二真空系统从高原环境模拟区端开始，依次包括换热器、控制阀门和真空泵。 The second vacuum system starts from the end of the plateau environment simulation area and includes heat exchangers, control valves and vacuum pumps in sequence.
所述的高原环境模拟区中设有环境参数采集系统，所述的常温常压区中设有测量控制系统，所述的环境参数采集系统的信号输出端通过电路接入所述的测量控制系统，所述的供气系统、第一真空系统和第二真空系统的电路部分均接入并受控于所述的测量控制系统。 An environmental parameter collection system is provided in the plateau environment simulation area, a measurement control system is provided in the normal temperature and pressure area, and the signal output terminal of the environmental parameter collection system is connected to the measurement control system through a circuit , the circuit parts of the gas supply system, the first vacuum system and the second vacuum system are all connected to and controlled by the measurement control system.
所述的供气系统包括用于向供气管路输送空气的送风机以及作用于供气管路内空气的温度调节装置和湿度调节装置。 The air supply system includes a blower for delivering air to the air supply pipeline, a temperature adjustment device and a humidity adjustment device acting on the air in the air supply pipeline.
设有作用于高原环境模拟区的紫外线发生装置。可以在恰当的位置安装，发出能够模拟高原环境的紫外线辐射，为一些受紫外线照射影响的产品或材料提供试验环境。该紫外线发生装置的电路部分接入并受控于所述的测量控制系统。 It is equipped with an ultraviolet generating device that acts on the plateau environment simulation area. It can be installed in an appropriate location to emit ultraviolet radiation that can simulate the plateau environment, and provide a test environment for some products or materials affected by ultraviolet radiation. The circuit part of the ultraviolet generating device is connected to and controlled by the measurement control system.
所述的舱体采用整体钢结构形式，为增加耐压强度，钢板内外全部加筋；通过隔断将分为舱体常温常压区和高原环境模拟区，高原环境模拟区与舱体外部环境隔离，且可满足海拔6000m下低气压对结构力学性能的要求。 The cabin body adopts the form of integral steel structure, and in order to increase the compressive strength, all the inside and outside of the steel plate are reinforced; through the partition, it is divided into the normal temperature and pressure area of the cabin body and the plateau environment simulation area, and the plateau environment simulation area is isolated from the external environment of the cabin body , and can meet the requirements of low air pressure on structural mechanical properties at an altitude of 6000m.
隔断使用隔热保温和耐压性能好的材料，隔间的地面安装铁地板，为了保温，高原环境模拟区的内壁或外壁围有彩钢夹芯保温板。 The partitions are made of materials with good thermal insulation and pressure resistance. Iron floors are installed on the ground of the partitions. For thermal insulation, the inner or outer walls of the plateau environment simulation area are surrounded by color steel sandwich insulation boards.
环境参数采集系统为多个相应的传感器，可以采集高原环境模拟区环境参数，例如气压、温度、湿度、有害气体浓度等，并将采集的参数传送至测量控制系统。 The environmental parameter collection system consists of multiple corresponding sensors, which can collect environmental parameters in the plateau environment simulation area, such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, harmful gas concentration, etc., and transmit the collected parameters to the measurement control system.
测量控制系统作为整个内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱的控制系统，通过采集的参数，并根据试验条件要求，对供气系统、第一真空系统和第二真空系统输出控制信号，用于控制各个电控设备，如泵、阀、电机、 开关等等。建立起满足试验要求的试验环境和高原环境模拟区正常使用的条件。 As the control system of the plateau environment simulation test chamber of the entire internal combustion power equipment, the measurement control system outputs control signals to the gas supply system, the first vacuum system and the second vacuum system through the collected parameters and according to the requirements of the test conditions. Electrically controlled equipment such as pumps, valves, motors, switches, etc. Establish the test environment that meets the test requirements and the conditions for normal use of the plateau environment simulation area.
供气系统的作用是给待测设备的吸气提供稳定气源。室外新风首先经过空气过滤器后，除去空气中的灰尘杂质，然后进入送风机。 The function of the gas supply system is to provide a stable gas source for the suction of the equipment under test. The outdoor fresh air first passes through the air filter to remove dust and impurities in the air, and then enters the blower.
为了高原环境模拟区的低温环境，提供足够的冷却量带走待测设备(发动机)运行中向散发的热量，这就需要对送风机输出的空气预冷以调节温度。 For the low-temperature environment in the plateau environment simulation area, provide enough cooling capacity to take away the heat dissipated during the operation of the equipment under test (engine), which requires pre-cooling the air output by the blower to adjust the temperature.
供气系统中的温度调节装置和湿度调节装置可以调节向高原环境模拟区内所输送空气的温度和湿度，温度调节装置可利用现有技术中的制冷设备以及加热设备，供气管路中的空气通过与制冷设备以及加热设备的换热器之间的热量交换，实现温度的调节。 The temperature adjustment device and humidity adjustment device in the air supply system can adjust the temperature and humidity of the air transported to the plateau environment simulation area. The temperature adjustment device can use the refrigeration equipment and heating equipment in the prior art, and the air in the air supply pipeline The temperature adjustment is realized through the heat exchange with the heat exchanger of the refrigeration equipment and the heating equipment.
同理，所述的湿度调节装置可利用现有技术中的加湿、除湿设备，调节空气的水蒸气含量，以向高原环境模拟区提供所需的湿度环境。 Similarly, the humidification and dehumidification equipment in the prior art can be used in the humidity adjustment device to adjust the water vapor content of the air so as to provide the required humidity environment for the plateau environment simulation area.
为了实时监控待测设备的运行状态，设有视频系统，视频系统的电路部分接入并受控于所述的测量控制系统。视频系统可包括高清红外摄像机、解码器和硬盘录像机等。 In order to monitor the operating status of the equipment under test in real time, a video system is provided, and the circuit part of the video system is connected to and controlled by the measurement control system. The video system can include high-definition infrared cameras, decoders and hard disk recorders, etc.
另外，整个内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱中，还可安装一些附属设备，例如照明灯、压缩空气供应系统、平衡窗、吊挂机构等。 In addition, in the plateau environment simulation test cabin of the entire internal combustion power equipment, some auxiliary equipment can also be installed, such as lighting, compressed air supply system, balance window, hanging mechanism, etc.
本发明内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱可以模拟低气压、高低温、湿度等试验条件，并根据试验要求对试验环境条件进行控制，完成对试验环境数据和控制参数的记录和处理，视频监控和记录试验过程，高原环境模拟区的大气压力、温度、湿度、紫外线强度等参数可以在设计的极限范围内任意调节。 The plateau environment simulation test chamber of the internal combustion power equipment of the present invention can simulate low air pressure, high and low temperature, humidity and other test conditions, and control the test environment conditions according to the test requirements, complete the recording and processing of the test environment data and control parameters, video monitoring and Recording the test process, the atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, ultraviolet intensity and other parameters of the plateau environment simulation area can be adjusted arbitrarily within the limit range of the design.
另外可将发动机与其驱动的液压系统、气压系统等系统或总成共同安放在高原环境模拟区内进行试验，可得到这些辅助系统或总成的高原性能，因此内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱具有广泛的测试对象，可以涵盖动力系统、液压系统、气压系统、材料等。 In addition, the engine and its driven hydraulic system, pneumatic system and other systems or assemblies can be placed together in the plateau environment simulation area for testing, and the plateau performance of these auxiliary systems or assemblies can be obtained. Therefore, the plateau environment simulation test chamber for internal combustion power equipment has A wide range of test objects can cover power systems, hydraulic systems, pneumatic systems, materials, etc.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱的组成示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the plateau environment simulation test cabin of the internal combustion power equipment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
参见附图，本发明一种内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱，包括舱体1，舱体1由隔断分为常温常压区2和用于放置待测设备4的高原环境模拟区3。舱体采用整体钢结构形式，钢板内外带有加强筋，高原环境模拟区3的外壁围有彩钢夹芯保温板。 Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention shows a plateau environment simulation test cabin for internal combustion power equipment, including a cabin body 1, which is divided into a normal temperature and pressure zone 2 and a plateau environment simulation zone 3 for placing equipment to be tested 4 by partitions. The cabin body adopts the form of integral steel structure, with reinforcing ribs on the inside and outside of the steel plate, and the outer wall of the plateau environment simulation area 3 is surrounded by color steel sandwich insulation boards.
设有通过供气管路9与高原环境模拟区3连通的供气系统，供气系统包括用于向供气管路9输送空气的送风机7以及作用于供气管路9内空气的温度、湿度调节装置8。供气管路9上可安装必要的控制阀门和过滤器。 An air supply system is provided to communicate with the plateau environment simulation area 3 through an air supply pipeline 9, and the air supply system includes a blower 7 for delivering air to the air supply pipeline 9 and a temperature and humidity adjustment device acting on the air in the air supply pipeline 9 8. Necessary control valves and filters can be installed on the air supply line 9 .
温度、湿度调节装置8可以调节向高原环境模拟区3内所输送空气的温度和湿度，温度调节装置可利用现有技术中的制冷设备以及加热设备，供气管路中的空气通过与制冷设备以及加热设备的换热器之间的热量交换，实现温度的调节。同理，湿度调节装置可利用现有技术中的加湿、除湿设备，调节空气的水蒸气含量，以向高原环境模拟区3提供所需的湿度环境。 The temperature and humidity regulating device 8 can regulate the temperature and humidity of the air transported in the plateau environment simulation area 3. The temperature regulating device can utilize refrigeration equipment and heating equipment in the prior art, and the air in the air supply pipeline passes through the refrigeration equipment and The heat exchange between the heat exchangers of the heating equipment realizes the temperature regulation. Similarly, the humidity control device can use the humidification and dehumidification equipment in the prior art to adjust the water vapor content of the air, so as to provide the required humidity environment for the plateau environment simulation area 3 .
设有通过真空管路与待测设备4排气口连接的第一真空系统5。第一真空系统5从待测设备4排气口端开始，依次包括换热器11、缓冲罐10、控制阀门和真空泵12。 There is a first vacuum system 5 connected to the exhaust port of the device under test 4 through a vacuum pipeline. The first vacuum system 5 starts from the exhaust port of the device under test 4 and includes a heat exchanger 11 , a buffer tank 10 , a control valve and a vacuum pump 12 in sequence.
设有通过真空管路与高原环境模拟区连接第二真空系统6。第二真空系统6从高原环境模拟区3端开始，依次包括换热器14、控制阀门和真空泵13。 There is a second vacuum system 6 connected to the plateau environment simulation area through a vacuum pipeline. The second vacuum system 6 starts from the plateau environment simulation area 3 and includes a heat exchanger 14 , a control valve and a vacuum pump 13 in sequence.
高原环境模拟区3中设有环境参数采集系统(图中未显示)，常温常压区中设有测量控制系统2(图中未显示)，环境参数采集系统为若干个传感器，可以采集高原环境模拟区3的环境参数，例如气压、温度、湿度、有害气体浓度等，并将采集的参数传送至测量控制系统。 An environmental parameter acquisition system (not shown in the figure) is installed in the plateau environment simulation area 3, and a measurement control system 2 (not shown in the figure) is installed in the normal temperature and pressure area. Simulate the environmental parameters of area 3, such as air pressure, temperature, humidity, harmful gas concentration, etc., and transmit the collected parameters to the measurement and control system.
高原环境模拟区3内还设有的紫外线发生装置，发出能够模拟高原环境的紫外线辐射。 An ultraviolet generating device is also provided in the plateau environment simulation area 3 to emit ultraviolet radiation capable of simulating the plateau environment.
为了实时监测待测设备的运行状态，高原环境模拟区3内还设有设有视频系统，视频系统可包括高清红外摄像机、解码器和硬盘录像机等。 In order to monitor the operating status of the equipment under test in real time, a video system is also installed in the plateau environment simulation area 3, which may include a high-definition infrared camera, a decoder, and a hard disk video recorder.
另外，还可安装一些附属设备，例如照明灯、压缩空气供应系统、平衡窗、吊挂机构等。 In addition, some auxiliary equipment can also be installed, such as lighting, compressed air supply system, balance window, hanging mechanism, etc.
整个内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱中，各个可以利用电信号控制的用电部件均可以通过电路接入并受控于测量控制系统。 In the plateau environment simulation test chamber of the whole internal combustion power equipment, each electrical component that can be controlled by electrical signals can be connected through the circuit and controlled by the measurement control system.
测量控制系统作为整个内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱的控制系统，通过采集的参数，并根据试验条件要求，对供气系统、第一真空系统、第二真空系统、紫外线发生装置等输出控制信号，用于控制各个电控设备，如泵、阀、电机、开关等等。建立起满足试验要求的试验环境和高原环境模拟区正常使用的条件。 As the control system of the plateau environment simulation test chamber of the entire internal combustion power equipment, the measurement control system outputs control signals to the gas supply system, the first vacuum system, the second vacuum system, and the ultraviolet generating device through the collected parameters and according to the requirements of the test conditions. , used to control various electronic control equipment, such as pumps, valves, motors, switches and so on. Establish the test environment that meets the test requirements and the conditions for normal use of the plateau environment simulation area.
高原环境模拟区以及待测设备调节具体原理为：当待测设备高于需要低压起动时，接通第二真空系统对高原环境模拟区抽负压；同时，利用第一真空系统中的真空泵对缓冲罐抽负压，使缓冲罐压力达到与高原环境模拟区负压一致的设定目标值，然后再起动待测设备。 The specific principle of the plateau environment simulation area and the adjustment of the equipment to be tested is as follows: when the equipment to be tested is higher than the required low pressure start, the second vacuum system is connected to draw negative pressure on the plateau environment simulation area; at the same time, the vacuum pump in the first vacuum system is used to The negative pressure of the buffer tank is pumped to make the pressure of the buffer tank reach the set target value consistent with the negative pressure of the plateau environment simulation area, and then start the equipment to be tested.
当需要检测待测设备的高原运行性能时，利用待测设备(发动机)起动后的进气抽吸作用直接从满足负压要求的高原环境模拟区内抽气，同时，利用供气系统实时调节高原环境模拟区压力，满足设定值；而待测设备排气压力的模拟则通过第一真空系统的实时调节来实现。 When it is necessary to test the plateau operation performance of the equipment under test, use the intake suction effect of the equipment under test (engine) to directly draw air from the plateau environment simulation area that meets the negative pressure requirements, and at the same time, use the air supply system to adjust in real time The pressure in the plateau environment simulation area meets the set value; while the simulation of the exhaust pressure of the equipment under test is realized through the real-time adjustment of the first vacuum system.
同时可利用温度、湿度调节装置自动调节高原环境模拟区环境参数。 At the same time, the temperature and humidity adjustment device can be used to automatically adjust the environmental parameters of the plateau environment simulation area.
待测设备与测功机之间的连接，以及测功机本身均可可以采用现有技术，待测设备在设定的模拟环境下运行时，通过测功机来检测和评价待测设备的性能。 The connection between the equipment under test and the dynamometer, as well as the dynamometer itself, can use the existing technology. When the equipment under test is running in the set simulation environment, the dynamometer is used to detect and evaluate the performance of the equipment under test. performance.
本发明内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱主要技术指标如下： The main technical indicators of the plateau environment simulation test cabin of the internal combustion power equipment of the present invention are as follows:
1)发动机正常运行时，高原环境模拟区和缓冲罐压力调节范围：101～47kPa(海拔0～6000m)； 1) When the engine is running normally, the pressure adjustment range of the plateau environment simulation area and the buffer tank: 101~47kPa (altitude 0~6000m);
2)发动机起动工况，高原环境模拟区压力调节范围：101～47kPa(0～6000m)； 2) Engine starting condition, pressure adjustment range of plateau environment simulation area: 101~47kPa (0~6000m);
3)高原环境模拟区相对湿度调节范围：15～95％； 3) The relative humidity adjustment range of the plateau environment simulation area: 15-95%;
4)高原环境模拟区温度和发动机空气处理装置模拟范围：-45℃到 70℃； 4) The temperature of the plateau environment simulation area and the simulation range of the engine air handling device: -45°C to 70°C;
5)试验系统满足发动机最大排量为13L的发动机高原环境稳态性能模拟试验的要求。 5) The test system meets the requirements of the simulation test of the steady-state performance of the engine with a maximum engine displacement of 13L in a plateau environment.
6)紫外线发生装置的最大照射强度为10W/m2。 6) The maximum irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet generating device is 10W/m 2 .
本发明内燃动力设备高原环境模拟试验舱可以模拟低气压、高低温、湿度等试验条件，并根据试验要求对试验环境条件进行控制，完成对试验环境数据和控制参数的记录和处理，视频监控和记录试验过程。 The plateau environment simulation test chamber of the internal combustion power equipment of the present invention can simulate low air pressure, high and low temperature, humidity and other test conditions, and control the test environment conditions according to the test requirements, complete the recording and processing of the test environment data and control parameters, video monitoring and Record the test process.
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