CN102852496B - Medium-deep heavy oil reservoir exploitation method - Google Patents
Medium-deep heavy oil reservoir exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
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Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-deep heavy oil reservoir exploitation method. The method comprises the following steps: in the middle-deep layer heavy oil reservoir, an injection-production well pattern is arranged according to the well pattern form of the existing steam huff-puff old well; carrying out steam huff and puff on a newly drilled vertical injection well or a horizontal injection well for 1-2 years, preheating a near-well zone of the newly drilled injection well, and enabling the injection well to be effectively communicated with surrounding production wells in a thermal mode; firstly, continuously injecting steam into a vertical injection well or a horizontal injection well, when the injected steam reaches the designed slug injection amount, beginning to inject normal-temperature ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, and when the continuously injected ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the designed slug injection amount, re-injecting the steam, and repeatedly and alternately injecting until the comprehensive water content of the production well produced fluid of the oil reservoir reaches 92 v%, stopping alternate injection, and continuously extracting oil and discharging the liquid by using a production well in the injection process. The method provided by the invention can effectively improve the recovery ratio of the middle-deep heavy oil reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation method of heavy crude reservoir, particularly relate to a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, belong to technical field of petroleum extraction.
Background technology
Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir refers to the heavy crude reservoir of reservoir buried depth between 900-2000m, and in China's viscous crude field, the heavy crude reservoir accounting for greatly 60% oil in place belongs to mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir.For the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir of more than 80%, entered many rounds steam soak stage at present, but current cycle produce oil, gas oil ratio etc. are lower, deficiency in economic performance, needs conversion development scheme badly.
Because viscous crude underground viscosity is high, flow difficulties, Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil is very responsive for temperature, along with temperature raises, Crude viscosity sharply reduces, mobility significantly improves, and therefore at present the mode of thickened oil recovery mainly takes measures to improve crude oil fluidity, improve oil and water mobility ratio to improve crude oil swept volume and displacement efficiency in world wide, and the exploitation agent technology of heavy crude reservoir is the heating exploitation technology such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD (SAGD) mainly.
Cyclic steam injection tech refers to and periodically in oil reservoir, injects a certain amount of wet saturated steam, and the crude oil in the certain limit of heating near wellbore zone makes its viscosity reduce, the method for the crude oil extraction that drives a well after boiling in a covered pot over a slow fire well a period of time by closing well.
Steam flooding refers to that, under certain well pattern form, continuously injected the steam of high mass dryness fraction toward oil reservoir from Injection Well, steam constantly heats oil reservoir, thus greatly reduces the viscosity of in-place oil.The steam injected becomes the fluid of heat in the earth formation, around mother oil displacement to producing well, and is adopted on ground.Steam flooding, as the main body substituted technique after a kind of steam soak, recovery ratio more than 20% can be improved in steam soak basis, obtains successful Application in oil fields such as U.S. Kern River.
Steam assisted gravity drainage techniques is that Canadian Bulter in 1978 invented, successful Application is obtained at the heavy crude reservoir on the ground such as Liaohe Oil Field, Xinjiang Oilfield of Canadian oil-sand mining area, China, its principle injects steam in Injection Well, steam forms vapor chamber in the earth formation, vapor chamber upwards and sideways expansion, with the crude oil generation interchange of heat in oil reservoir, the crude oil after heating and steam condensate (SC) let out output in horizontal production well below by Action of Gravity Field.The recovery ratio of steam assisted gravity drainage techniques can reach 40%-60%, is applicable to the heavy crude reservoir that exploitation thickness in monolayer is greater than 15m.
For mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, the heating exploitation technology such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD (SAGD) face a following difficult problem:
(1) mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir buries deeply, and the pit shaft of steam is comparatively large along journey heat waste, and therefore steam heat utilization rate is low, and the steam flooding under low steam quality condition, SAGD development effectiveness are poor;
(2) in mid-deep strata factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir plane, average effective heated perimeter only has about 30-40m, therefore need well spacing density to be less than 50m and just can reach higher recovery ratio, but the drilling cost that dense well pattern brings, ground investment and operating cost increase all greatly, and single well controlled reserves is low, individual well life cycle is short;
(3) from current deep-layer heavy crude development technique in the world, for mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, because heat waste in steam injection process is too large, except steam soak development technique economic benefit is higher, there is no the development technique means of other economical and efficient.
CN101139923A provides a kind of method for developing deep-layer heavy crude reservoir by carbon dioxide auxiliary steam driving, and the method adopts straight well and horizontal well combined steam to drive exploitation deep-layer heavy crude reservoir, takes injecting carbon dioxide gas while steam injection simultaneously.Carbon dioxide and steam cold water equivalent subsurface volume are than being 8-10, and the total injection rate of carbon dioxide is 0.2-0.5PV.The method is difficult to meet vapour drives requirement to solve the single steam injection mass dryness fraction of deep-layer heavy crude reservoir tradition, causes the problem that gas oil ratio is low, recovery ratio is low.Carbon dioxide is surmounting condensation water leading edge, after meeting, dissolves part crude oil, reduces viscosity, improve crude oil fluidity with cold oil above, shortens the low term that vapour drives initial stage, improves rate of oil production.Which, on the basis of steam soak, can improve recovery percent of reserves about 30%, and accumulation gas oil ratio can reach more than 0.2, adds the recovery percent of reserves in the stage of handling up, and overall recovery factor can reach about 50%.But the method weak point is, for the oil reservoir not having carbon dioxide air source, need the higher carbon dioxide of special purchasing price to maintain lasting injection, in addition, ground needs expensive carbon dioxide compressor unit and special injection device.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of exploitation method of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, adopting ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam to carry out the alternately displacement of reservoir oil to improve the recovery ratio of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, the method adopts ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method developing mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, it adopts straight well (the old well of steam soak) and horizontal infill well (the steam injection well newly bored, Injection Well) form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, or utilize straight well (the old well of steam soak) and straight well (the steam injection well newly bored, Injection Well) form anti-9 straight well well patterns, the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of normal temperature and high-temperature steam are alternately injected oil reservoir continuously, producing well recovers the oil continuously.Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention can comprise the following steps:
(1), in mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, the well pattern form according to existing producing well (i.e. the old well of steam soak) arranges flooding pattern:
When existing well pattern form is areal well pattern, in the middle of areal well pattern, the new vertical injection wells that bores forms anti-9 straight well flooding patterns, and this Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, under injecting into well, enter insulated tubing;
When existing well pattern form well pattern linear in row's shape, newly horizontal injection well is bored in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, horizontal segment below sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, under injecting into well, enter heat insulation coiled tubing, under heat insulation coiled tubing, enter the heel of Injection Well horizontal segment;
(2), carry out steam soak 1-2 at the vertical injection wells newly bored or horizontal injection well (to be generally 2-3 to handle up the cycle, the time in each cycle is generally half a year by about 1 year), the near wellbore zone of Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well and forms effective thermal communication between producing well around;
(3), first steam is injected continuously to vertical injection wells or horizontal injection well, when injection steam reaches the slug injection rate of design, start the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injecting normal temperature, when continuous injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the slug injection rate of design, refill steam, hocket injection and so forth, until stop alter least-squares when the composite water cut of the producing well Produced Liquid of this oil reservoir reaches 92v%, adopts producing well continuous draining in injection process.
According to specific embodiment of the invention scheme, in the step (2) of said method, the steam soak carried out can carry out according to the original steam soak mode of this mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, such as, steam soak steam injection rate is controlled for 100-150t/d, well head steam dryness control is about 80%, and cyclic steam injection volume controls as 1500-2000t, and it is 5-8 days that the cycle boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well time controling.After the steam soak through 1-2, the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir between Injection Well and producing well can be made to rise more than 20 DEG C.
Exploitation method provided by the present invention utilizes ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the principle improving mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir: carbonic hydroammonium is soluble in water, solubility when 0 DEG C in water is 11.3%, solubility when solubility when 20 DEG C in water is 21%, 40 DEG C in water is 35%.Carbonic hydroammonium starts to be decomposed into carbon dioxide, ammonia and water more than 36 DEG C, and 60 DEG C are decomposed completely, and therefore, under ground normal temperature (24 DEG C) condition, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is more stable.In the implementation process of alternately driving, a certain amount of steam is first injected oil reservoir, near wellbore zone is heated to after more than 60 DEG C, a certain amount of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is injected under normal temperature condition, when carbonic hydroammonium enter shaft bottom and oil reservoir and high temperature oil reservoir and high-temperature condensation water meet time, decomposition reaction rapidly can be there is, produce a large amount of ammonias and carbon dioxide, thus the volume of injectant is increased rapidly greatly, the ammonia generated and carbon dioxide and crude oil have good intersolubility, therefore, ammonia and carbon dioxide are constantly dissolved in crude oil in flow process, remarkable reduction viscosity of crude, reduce oil and water mobility ratio, expand remaining oil swept volume between well, improve oil well output and recovery ratio.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir is the oil reservoir met the following conditions: oil reservoir buried depth is 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation > 40%, oil reservoir gross thickness > 10m, clean gross thickness is than > 0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity > 19%, permeability > 100mD, coefficient of permeability variation < 0.7, if grow and have two oil reservoirs, then longitudinally grow between two oil reservoirs and have stable interlayer, and oil reservoir top bottom layer is completely closed, if grow and have an oil reservoir, then bottom layer in oil reservoir top is completely closed.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, in straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the horizontal segment of horizontal injection well each side comprise three mouthfuls of producing wells.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution adopted is 22wt%-30wt%.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the steam adopted is provided by steam heating boiler; More preferably, this steam heating boiler is skid-mounted type moveable boiler.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the slug injection rate of the design of steam is about 6000-10000 ton.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the slug injection rate of the design of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is about 5000-8000 ton.
Fig. 1 is under straight well inverted nine-spot pattern condition, what ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drove injects from straight well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction, in this case, straight well Injection Well 1 first injects the steam of a slug, raise the temperature on stratum near straight well Injection Well 1, then the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of a slug is injected, violent decomposition reaction is there is due to Steam Heating oil reservoir in stratum in ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution near straight well Injection Well 1 shaft bottom, produce a large amount of ammonia and carbon dioxide, due to ammonia and the fast flow velocity far above condensed water of flow of carbon dioxide gas, therefore rate is introduced into displacing front and is dissolved in crude oil, remarkable reduction viscosity of crude, form high gassiness moveable oil district 4, the slower high-temperature condensation water of flow velocity forms high-temperature condensation water district 5 after high gassiness moveable oil district 4, near Injection Well 1 shaft bottom, stratum is then for injecting the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaction zone 6 of the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution slug formation on stratum, by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the continual alter least-squares of steam, high gassiness moveable oil district 4 constantly pushes ahead, and the scope in cold oil district 3 reduces gradually, thus realizes the object expanding swept volume and raising recovery ratio.
Fig. 2 is that under straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern condition, what ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drove injects from horizontal well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction, in this case, horizontal injection well 9 first injects the steam of a slug, raise the temperature on stratum near Injection Well 9, then the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of a slug is injected, violent decomposition reaction is there is due to Steam Heating oil reservoir in stratum in ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution near Injection Well 9 shaft bottom, produce a large amount of ammonia and carbon dioxide, due to ammonia and the fast flow velocity far above condensed water of flow of carbon dioxide gas, therefore rate is introduced into displacing front and is dissolved in crude oil, remarkable reduction viscosity of crude, form high gassiness moveable oil district 4, the slower high-temperature condensation water of flow velocity forms high-temperature condensation water district 5 after high gassiness moveable oil district 4, near Injection Well 9 shaft bottom, stratum is then for injecting the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaction zone 6 of the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution slug formation on stratum, by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the continual alter least-squares of steam, high gassiness moveable oil district 4 constantly pushes ahead, and the scope in cold oil district 3 reduces gradually, thus realizes the object expanding swept volume and raising recovery ratio.
According to specific embodiment of the invention scheme, this employing ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive the method improving mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir can carry out according to following concrete steps:
(1) judge whether oil reservoir is the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that applicable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
According to oil field geologic feature and exploitation actuality, carry out oil field coarse screening, the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that applicable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive meets the following conditions: oil reservoir buried depth is between 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation > 40%, oil reservoir gross thickness > 10m, clean gross thickness is than > 0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity > 19%, permeability > 100mD (millidarcy), coefficient of permeability variation < 0.7, if grow two oil reservoirs, then longitudinally grow between two oil reservoirs and have stable interlayer, and top bottom layer needs to close completely, if grow an oil reservoir, then oil reservoir top bottom layer needs to close completely.
(2) deployment ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive well pattern
In the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that applicable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive, need the well pattern form considering the old well of existing steam soak to dispose flooding pattern (displacement well pattern): when oil reservoir existing straight well steam soak well pattern is areal well pattern, in the middle of areal well pattern, the new vertical injection wells that bores forms anti-9 straight well flooding patterns; When oil reservoir existing straight well steam soak well pattern well pattern linear in row's shape, in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, newly bore horizontal injection well, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern;
(3) Injection Well bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in step (2), start newly to bore Injection Well: when Injection Well is straight well (vertical injection wells), Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, under injecting into well, enter insulated tubing; When Injection Well is horizontal well (horizontal injection well), Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, horizontal segment below sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, under injecting into well, enter heat insulation coiled tubing, enters the heel of horizontal well under heat insulation coiled tubing.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because injection mode of the present invention is ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alter least-squares, during injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be handled up well steam injection for other periphery, therefore, for realizing boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, ground injection-steam boiler adopts skid-mounted type moveable boiler, is preferably arranged near well head by skid-mounted type moveable boiler.
(5) preheating newly bores Injection Well
Steam soak 1-2 (being generally 2-3 cycle) is carried out at the vertical injection wells newly bored or horizontal injection well, object is the near wellbore zone that Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, make Injection Well and form effective thermal communication between producing well around, between Injection Well and producing well (the old well of steam soak) temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rise more than 20 DEG C time reach pre-heat effect, complete preheating.
(6) installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant
Ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution being injected pumping plant is arranged near Injection Well, object be to shorten between pumping plant to Injection Well along journey length of pipeline.
(7) Injection Well alter least-squares ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
First steam is injected continuously to Injection Well, when injection steam reaches the slug injection rate of design, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, start to inject normal temperature (about 24 DEG C) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, when injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the slug injection rate of design continuously, again switch and inject pipeline to steam injection pipeline, start steam flooding, and so forth, in injection process, producing well carries out exploiting and discharge opeing continuously.
Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention utilizes ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection technology simple, the feature of ammonia, carbon dioxide and water is very easily decomposed under the shaft bottom hot conditions that carbonic hydroammonium produces at slug steam, decompose on the spot in shaft bottom and oil reservoir and produce ammonia and carbon dioxide, the characteristic that recycling ammonia, carbon dioxide and in-place oil height dissolve each other, significantly reduce viscosity of crude, achieve the object that low cost improves oil well output and recovery ratio.
Ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of the present invention and steam alternately drive to be developed mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir method have larger improvement compared with existing simple steam drive oil production: inject slug steam flooding and fall glutinous crude oil, preheating oil reservoir, accelerate ammonium bicarbonate breaks down; Inject carbonic hydroammonium and produce ammonia and carbon dioxide on the spot at oil reservoir, ammonia and carbon dioxide fall glutinous crude oil by dissolving each other with crude oil, expand swept volume by ammonia and carbon dioxide gas drive, make injecting program simplify economization by the liquid injection mode of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution.Therefore, mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention has the advantage that steam flooding, carbon dioxide flooding and ammonia drive concurrently, does not have that simple steam flooding heat utilization efficiency is low, a weak point such as the expensive and carbon dioxide air source shortage of carbon dioxide assisted steam flooding injection device.On steam soak basis, adopt mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention can improve recovery ratio about 35% on steam soak basis, add the recovery percent of reserves in steam soak stage, overall recovery ratio can reach more than 55%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is under straight well inverted nine-spot pattern condition, and what ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drove injects from straight well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction;
Fig. 2 is that under straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern condition, what ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drove injects from horizontal well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of straight well inverted nine-spot pattern;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern.
Main Reference label declaration:
Straight well Injection Well 1 straight well producing well 2 cold oil district 3
High gassiness moveable oil district 4 high-temperature condensation water district 5 reaction zone 6
Inject pumping plant 7 skid-mounted type steam generator 8 horizontal injection well 9
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, existing following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it adopts ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method improving mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, carry out adopting the steam soak exploitation oil field of 17 years, it is 12 rounds that this oil field average steam is handled up, steam soak stage recovery percent of reserves is 211%, strata pressure drops to 2.8MPa, handles up and is in " three is low " mining phase of low pressure, real estate, low gas oil ratio, needs badly and improves recovery ratio substituted technique.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the present embodiment provides comprises following concrete steps:
(1) judge whether oil reservoir is the heavy crude reservoir that applicable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
The average buried depth 1020m of this target heavy crude reservoir, belongs to mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir; Grow two major oil reservoirs, the present embodiment for the major oil reservoir gross thickness of oil reservoir be 35.1m, the average clean gross thickness ratio of oil reservoir is 0.89, average pore is 28%, and mean permeability is 1500mD, and the mean permeability coefficient of variation is 0.89, under reservoir condition, viscosity of crude is 1100mPas, remaining oil saturation 49% after steam soak, longitudinally grows between two oil reservoirs and have stable interlayer, and oil reservoir top bottom layer is completely closed.Show according to screening conditions, this oil reservoir is applicable to being the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive.
(2) deployment ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive well pattern
The handle up straight well well pattern in stage of this Reservoir With Steam is areal well pattern, possesses the condition adopting straight well flooding pattern to carry out ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive, and grow two major oil reservoirs, possesses the condition that interlayer is taken over, therefore, new brill 1 mouthful of straight well Injection Well 1 in the middle of this oil reservoir straight well handles up old well well pattern, form 1 straight well inverted nine-spot pattern, the spacing of adjacent producing well 2 is 80m.Fig. 3 is shown in by the schematic diagram of this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern.
(3) Injection Well bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in step (2), start new drilling straight-hole Injection Well 1, this straight well Injection Well 1 adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, enter insulated tubing under in this straight well Injection Well 1, perforated interval is positioned at major oil reservoir middle and lower part.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because injection mode is ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alter least-squares, during injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be handled up well steam injection for other periphery, therefore, for realizing boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, ground injection-steam boiler adopts skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8, skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is arranged near well head, the producing steam speed of this skid-mounted type steam generator 8 is 12 tons/hour, and this skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1 by steam injection pipeline.
(5) Injection Well 1 is newly bored in preheating
Steam soak (steam soak steam injection rate 100-150t/d is carried out in the new straight well Injection Well 1 bored, well head steam quality 80%, cyclic steam injection volume 1500-2000t, cycle boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well time 5-8 days) 1.5 years (2 cycles), object is the near wellbore zone that Injection Well 1 is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well 1 and forms effective thermal communication between producing well 2 around.Handle up after two cycles, between Injection Well 1 and producing well 2, the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rises more than 20 DEG C.
(6) installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant 7
The injection pumping plant 7 of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is positioned near Injection Well, object be to shorten inject between pumping plant 7 to Injection Well 1 along journey length of pipeline, this injection pumping plant 7 injects pipeline by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and is connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1.
(7) straight well Injection Well 1 alter least-squares ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
First injecting well head steam quality continuously to straight well Injection Well 1 is the steam of 70%, injection rate is 200 tons/day, when injection steam reaches 30 days, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, start to inject normal temperature (24 DEG C) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, consider that carbonic hydroammonium decomposes the huge gas volume speed produced in underground, the injection rate of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is set as 150 tons/day; During continuous injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution 30 days, again switch and inject pipeline to steam injection pipeline, start to inject steam, and so forth;
In injection process, producing well carries out exploiting and discharge opeing continuously, and the producing well 2 in this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern and the production-injection ratio of Injection Well 1 remain between 1.2-1.3.When the average moisture content of this oil reservoir produced liquid reaches 92v%, the exploitation that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that this oil reservoir adopts the present embodiment to provide and steam alternately drive exploitation method ends, and stops steam injection and production.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution adopting the present embodiment to provide and steam alternately drive can improve recovery ratio 36% on steam soak basis, and add steam soak recovery percent of reserves 211%, ultimate recovery can reach 57.1%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it adopts ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method improving mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, carry out adopting the steam soak exploitation oil field of 14 years, it is 10 rounds that this oil field average steam is handled up, steam soak stage recovery percent of reserves is 19.7%, strata pressure drops to 3.5MPa, handles up and is in " three is low " mining phase of low pressure, real estate, low gas oil ratio, needs badly and improves recovery ratio substituted technique.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the present embodiment provides comprises following concrete steps:
(1) judge whether oil reservoir is the heavy crude reservoir that applicable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
The average buried depth 1470m of this target heavy crude reservoir, belongs to mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir; Grow 1 major oil reservoir, the present embodiment for the major oil reservoir gross thickness of oil reservoir be 29m, the average clean gross thickness ratio of oil reservoir is 0.86, average pore is 25%, mean permeability is 1300mD, and the mean permeability coefficient of variation is 0.83, and under reservoir condition, viscosity of crude is 1800mPas, remaining oil saturation 51% after steam soak, grows at the bottom of oil reservoir top and has had totally enclosed top bottom layer.Show according to screening conditions, this oil reservoir is applicable to being the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive.
(2) deployment ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive well pattern
Because the handle up straight well well pattern in stage of this Reservoir With Steam is areal well pattern, possess employing straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern and carry out the condition that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drives, therefore, new brill 1 mouthful of horizontal injection well 9 in the middle of this oil reservoir two straight wells handle up old well well array, form 1 straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the spacing of the adjacent straight well of same well array is 80m, and the distance between the horizontal segment of straight well producing well 2 and horizontal injection well 9 is 80m, and the horizontal section length of this horizontal injection well 9 is 320m.Fig. 4 is shown in by the schematic diagram of this straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern.
(3) Injection Well 1 bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in step (2), start new brill horizontal injection well 9, horizontal injection well 9 adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, under injecting into well, enter insulated tubing, enters horizontal segment heel under insulated tubing; Below sleeve pipe, utilize screen pipe hanger to connect screen casing, sleeve inner diameter is 9.5 inches, and insulated tubing inside diameter is 4.5 inches, and screen casing diameter is 7 inches, and screen casing adopts cutting seam sieve tube, and screen casing length is 320m.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because injection mode is ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alter least-squares, during injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be handled up well steam injection for other periphery, therefore, for realizing boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, ground injection-steam boiler adopts skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8, skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is arranged near well head, the producing steam speed of this skid-mounted type steam generator 8 is 15 tons/hour, and this skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1 by steam injection pipeline.
(5) horizontal injection well 9 is newly bored in preheating
Steam soak (steam soak steam injection rate 100-150t/d is carried out in the new vertical injection wells 9 bored, well head steam quality 80%, cyclic steam injection volume 1500-2000t, cycle boils in a covered pot over a slow fire well time 5-8 days) 1.8 years (handling up for 2 cycles), object is the near wellbore zone that horizontal injection well 9 is newly bored in preheating, makes to form effective thermal communication between Injection Well 9 and surrounding vertical producing well 2.Handle up after two cycles, between Injection Well 9 with vertical producing well 2, the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rises more than 20 DEG C.
(6) installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant 7
The injection pumping plant 7 of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is positioned near Injection Well, object be to shorten inject between pumping plant 7 to horizontal injection well 9 along journey length of pipeline, this injection pumping plant 7 injects pipeline by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and is connected with the well head of horizontal injection well 9.
(7) horizontal injection well 9 alter least-squares ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
First injecting well head steam quality continuously to horizontal injection well 9 is the steam of 70%, injection rate is 220 tons/day, when injection steam reaches 30 days, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, start to inject normal temperature (24 DEG C) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, consider that carbonic hydroammonium decomposes the huge gas volume speed produced in underground, the injection rate of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is set as 190 tons/day; During continuous injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution 30 days, again switch and inject pipeline to steam injection pipeline, start to inject steam, and so forth;
In injection process, producing well carries out exploiting and discharge opeing continuously, and the straight well producing well 2 in this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern and the production-injection ratio of horizontal injection well 9 remain between 1.2-1.3.When the average moisture content of this oil reservoir produced liquid reaches 92v%, the exploitation that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that this oil reservoir adopts the present embodiment to provide and steam alternately drive technology ends, and stops steam injection and production.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution adopting the present embodiment to provide and steam alternately drive can improve recovery ratio 34% on steam soak basis, and add steam soak recovery percent of reserves 19.7%, ultimate recovery can reach 53.7%.
Claims (7)
1. a mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it comprises the following steps:
(1), in mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, the well pattern form according to existing producing well arranges flooding pattern:
When existing well pattern form is areal well pattern, in the middle of areal well pattern, the new vertical injection wells that bores forms anti-9 straight well flooding patterns, and this Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, under injecting into well, enter insulated tubing;
When existing well pattern form well pattern linear in row's shape, newly horizontal injection well is bored in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, horizontal segment below sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, under injecting into well, enter heat insulation coiled tubing, under heat insulation coiled tubing, enter the heel of Injection Well horizontal segment;
(2), at the vertical injection wells newly bored or horizontal injection well carry out steam soak 1-2, the near wellbore zone of Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well and forms effective thermal communication between producing well around;
(3), first steam is injected continuously to vertical injection wells or horizontal injection well, when injection steam reaches the slug injection rate of design, start the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injecting normal temperature, when continuous injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the slug injection rate of design, refill steam, hocket injection and so forth, until stop alter least-squares when the composite water cut of the producing well Produced Liquid of this oil reservoir reaches 92v%, adopts producing well to recover the oil continuously and discharge opeing in injection process;
Wherein, described mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir is the oil reservoir met the following conditions: oil reservoir buried depth is 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation > 40%, oil reservoir gross thickness > 10m, clean gross thickness is than > 0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity >19%, permeability >100mD, coefficient of permeability variation < 0.7, if grow and have two oil reservoirs, then longitudinally grow between two oil reservoirs and have stable interlayer, and oil reservoir top bottom layer is completely closed, if grow and have an oil reservoir, then bottom layer in oil reservoir top is completely closed.
2. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, in described straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the horizontal segment of horizontal injection well each side comprise three mouthfuls of producing wells.
3. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the concentration of described ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 22wt%-30wt%.
4. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, described steam is provided by steam heating boiler.
5. exploitation method according to claim 4, wherein, described steam heating boiler is skid-mounted type moveable boiler.
6. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the slug injection rate of the design of described steam is 6000-10000 ton.
7. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the slug injection rate of the design of described ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 5000-8000 ton.
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