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CN102851665B - Nozzle for laser cladding - Google Patents

Nozzle for laser cladding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102851665B
CN102851665B CN201210315705.3A CN201210315705A CN102851665B CN 102851665 B CN102851665 B CN 102851665B CN 201210315705 A CN201210315705 A CN 201210315705A CN 102851665 B CN102851665 B CN 102851665B
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Prior art keywords
powder
shower nozzle
entrance
gas passage
gas
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CN102851665A (en
Inventor
张翀昊
柳岸敏
黄佳欣
黄和芳
张祖洪
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Changzhou Tianzheng Industrial Development Co ltd
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ZHANGJIAGANG HEHAO LASER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/228—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于激光熔覆的喷头，它具有开设在该喷头中央的上下贯穿喷头的中央通道，中央通道的底部呈漏斗形，在中央通道的壁与喷头的外壁之间开设有多个一端与粉末添加装置相连接另一端贯穿喷头底面的粉末通道以及多个一端与保护气体添加装置相连接另一端贯穿喷头底面的气体通道，粉末通道和气体通道均呈螺旋形，且二者彼此间隔排列并绕中央通道的中心轴均匀分布。本发明用于激光熔覆的喷头，通过将原有的直线形的粉末通道和气体通道设计成螺旋形，缩短了的粉末流和气体流汇聚成的粉末流场的最小汇聚点与喷头底端的距离，使粉末流场中合金粉末的密度均匀性比上一代喷头提高30%以上。

Figure 201210315705

The invention discloses a spray head for laser cladding, which has a central passage in the center of the spray head and runs through the spray head up and down, the bottom of the central passage is funnel-shaped, and a A plurality of powder passages with one end connected to the powder adding device and the other end passing through the bottom surface of the nozzle and a plurality of gas passages connected with the protective gas addition device and the other end passing through the bottom surface of the nozzle, the powder passage and the gas passage are both in a spiral shape, and both are arranged at intervals from each other and evenly distributed around the central axis of the central channel. The nozzle used for laser cladding of the present invention designs the original linear powder channel and gas channel into a spiral shape, and the minimum convergence point of the powder flow field formed by the shortened powder flow and gas flow converges with the bottom of the nozzle. distance, so that the density uniformity of the alloy powder in the powder flow field is improved by more than 30% compared with the previous generation nozzle.

Figure 201210315705

Description

Shower nozzle for laser melting coating
Technical field
the present invention relates to the shower nozzle for laser melting coating, belong to field of laser cladding.
Background technology
laser melting coating is superlaser surface cladding, its physical process is that, under the irradiation of High energy laser beam, substrate surface is melted rapidly, liquid metal forms a small-scale molten bath, in this molten bath, metallic substance originally mixes mutually with the powder being added, and forms the new liquid-metal layer of one deck, treat laser beam through after, the temperature in molten bath reduces, and liquid metal is cooling rapidly, forms the new solid-state cladding layer of one deck in metallic surface.Laser melting coating can change the metallicity of this key position greatly, as hardness, wear resistance, thermotolerance, erosion resistance etc.
the main powder feeding technology of current industry member in laser melting coating application is that paraxonic dusts, but belongs to split type shower nozzle because paraxonic dusts, and needs two shower nozzles to cooperate simultaneously, is unfavorable for very much the processing of complex surface, therefore with axiation, dusts and becomes new developing direction.In recent years, on the basis of dusting in same axiation, shielding gas is also added into the design of same axiation, has produced the technology of powderject, shielding gas integrated coaxial.As accompanying drawing 1 has shown, a kind ofly dust, the shower nozzle of shielding gas integrated coaxial.Yet in the world,, because the design of integrated coaxial shower nozzle is not yet perfect, so this technology also has one period of very long evolution period.
as the integrated coaxial shower nozzle in accompanying drawing 1, it have be opened in this shower nozzle central laser channeling 2, be opened in a plurality of powder channels 3 around of laser channeling 2, be opened in the gas passage 4 of powder channel 3 peripheries, laser channeling 2, powder channel 3 and gas passage 4 are all relatively independent, are not communicated with mutually.Laser, powder, shielding gas are gathered together and carry out cladding in the work piece surface for the treatment of cladding from channel injection goes out shower nozzle separately.Powder channel 3 of the prior art and gas passage 4 are straight channel as shown in Figure 1; central shaft around laser channeling 2 is uniformly distributed; owing to receiving the restriction of shower nozzle size; the angle of inclination of straight channel is limited; therefore cause distant to shower nozzle bottom of the minimum convergent point of flow of powder and gas stream; the mixed flow of powder field density of powder and shielding gas is little, inhomogeneous; thereby affect cladding effect, a series of cladding results such as the tension force of laser molten pool, melting ratio, cladding height are all difficult to controlled.
Summary of the invention
in order to address the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shower nozzle for laser melting coating.
in order to reach above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: for the shower nozzle of laser melting coating, it has the centre gangway that runs through up and down shower nozzle that is opened in these shower nozzle central authorities, the bottom of centre gangway is doline, between the wall of centre gangway and the outer wall of shower nozzle, offering a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with powder adding set runs through the powder channel of shower nozzle bottom surface and a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with shielding gas adding set and runs through the gas passage of shower nozzle bottom surface, powder channel and gas passage are all twist, and the two each interval is arranged and be uniformly distributed around the central shaft of centre gangway.
further, the central point of the entrance of a plurality of powder channels is in same level, and the central point of the entrance of a plurality of gas passages is in same level.
further, when the entrance of powder channel and the entrance of gas passage are when measure-alike, the diameter of establishing entrance is d 1 , the spacing of the entrance center point of adjacent powder channel and gas passage is more than or equal to 4d 1 ; When the entrance of powder channel is different with the entrance size of gas passage, the diameter of establishing wherein larger entrance is d 2 , the spacing of the entrance center point of adjacent powder channel and gas passage is more than or equal to 4d 2 .
preferably, the rotation angle displacement of powder channel and gas passage is 170 °～280 °.
more preferably, the size of the ingress of powder channel and gas passage is greater than the size in exit.
the present invention is for the shower nozzle of laser melting coating, by by original rectilinear powder channel and gas path design helically, it is large that angle angle between the flow of powder forming while making powder and shielding gas eject helical channel and gas stream and laser beam central shaft becomes, and then the flow of powder having shortened and the gas stream minimum convergent point in powder flow field and the distance of shower nozzle bottom that pool, make the density uniformity of powder flow field interalloy powder improve more than 30% than previous generation shower nozzle, and then improved the tension force of laser molten pool, melting ratio, a series of cladding results such as cladding height.
Accompanying drawing explanation
the cross-sectional view that accompanying drawing 1 is shower nozzle of the prior art;
accompanying drawing 2 is the cross-sectional view of the present invention for the shower nozzle of laser melting coating.
number in the figure is:
1, shower nozzle; 2, laser channeling; 3, powder channel; 4, gas passage; 5, laser head; 6, laser beam; 7, workpiece base material; 8, cladding layer; 9, protection eyeglass; 10, the first chamber; 11, the second chamber; 12, focusing lens.
Embodiment
below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
from the structural representation of accompanying drawing 2, can find out, the invention provides the shower nozzle for laser melting coating, it has the centre gangway that runs through up and down shower nozzle 1 that is opened in these shower nozzle 1 central authorities, the bottom of centre gangway is doline, between the wall of centre gangway and the outer wall of shower nozzle 1, offering a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with powder adding set runs through the powder channel 3 of shower nozzle 1 bottom surface and a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with shielding gas adding set and runs through the gas passage 4 of shower nozzle 1 bottom surface, powder channel 3 and gas passage 4 are all twist, and the two each interval is arranged and be uniformly distributed around the central shaft of centre gangway.
powder channel 3 in accompanying drawing 2 and gas passage 4, because powder channel 3 and gas passage 4 each intervals are uniformly distributed, so only respectively draw one in accompanying drawing 2 to do example explanation, remaining omission does not draw.
the central point of the entrance of a plurality of powder channels 3 is in same level, and the central point of the entrance of a plurality of gas passages 4 is in same level.When shower nozzle diameter is larger, the central point of the entrance of gas passage 4 and powder channel 3 can be in same level.
when the entrance of powder channel 3 and the entrance of gas passage 4 are when measure-alike, the diameter of establishing entrance is d 1 , adjacent powder channel 3 is more than or equal to 4d with the spacing of the entrance center point of gas passage 4 1 ; When the entrance of powder channel 3 is different with the entrance size of gas passage 4, the diameter of establishing wherein larger entrance is d 2 , adjacent powder channel 3 is more than or equal to 4d with the spacing of the entrance center point of gas passage 4 2 .
the rotation angle displacement of powder channel 3 and gas passage 4 is 170 °～280 °; angular travel size depends on that the entrance of passage is to the vertical length of shower nozzle low side; angular travel is crossed conference and is caused powder and shielding gas mobile not smooth in passage; especially powder; may result in blockage, angular travel is too small improves DeGrain to prior art.
the size of the ingress of powder channel 3 and gas passage 4 is greater than the size in exit, the pressure while ejecting shower nozzle to increase powder and shielding gas.
powder channel 3 is identical with the quantity of gas passage 4, is respectively preferably 3～5.
centre gangway comprises the second chamber 11 that is positioned at the first chamber 10 and is positioned at 10 belows, the first chamber and is connected with the first chamber 10, the first chamber 10 of centre gangway and the axial line in the second chamber 11 coincide, the first chamber 10 be cylindrical or doline, and the bottom bore in the first chamber 10 is less than or equal to the top bore in the second chamber 11.The second chamber 11 is doline, prevents that powder from entering centre gangway from the second chamber 11 bottom nozzles on the one hand, the spray regime while dwindling on the other hand shielding gas ejection.
laser head 13 gives off laser beam 6; laser beam 6 enters the first chamber 10 of centre gangway through focusing lens 12 and protection eyeglass 9; powder and shielding gas eject to converge respectively and are mixed to form powder flow field from spiral powder channel 3 and gas passage 4, arrive the workpiece substrate surface for the treatment of cladding.
above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the shower nozzle for laser melting coating, it is characterized in that: it has the centre gangway that runs through up and down shower nozzle (1) that is opened in this shower nozzle (1) central authorities, the bottom of described centre gangway is doline, between the wall of centre gangway and the outer wall of shower nozzle (1), offering a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with powder adding set runs through the powder channel (3) of shower nozzle (1) bottom surface and a plurality of one end the other end that is connected with shielding gas adding set and runs through the gas passage (4) of shower nozzle (1) bottom surface, described powder channel (3) and gas passage (4) are all twist, and the two each interval is arranged and be uniformly distributed around the central shaft of centre gangway, the rotation angle displacement of described powder channel (3) and gas passage (4) is 170 °～280 °.
2. the shower nozzle for laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the central point of the entrance of described a plurality of powder channels (3) is in same level, and the central point of the entrance of described a plurality of gas passages (4) is in same level.
3. the shower nozzle for laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the entrance of described powder channel (3) and the entrance of gas passage (4) are when measure-alike, the diameter of establishing entrance is d 1, described adjacent powder channel (3) is more than or equal to 4d with the spacing of the entrance center point of gas passage (4) 1; When the entrance of described powder channel (3) is different with the entrance size of gas passage (4), the diameter of establishing wherein larger entrance is d 2, described adjacent powder channel (3) is more than or equal to 4d with the spacing of the entrance center point of gas passage (4) 2.
4. the shower nozzle for laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the size of the ingress of described powder channel (3) and gas passage (4) is greater than the size in exit.
CN201210315705.3A 2012-08-31 2012-08-31 Nozzle for laser cladding Active CN102851665B (en)

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103215587A (en) * 2013-01-07 2013-07-24 张翀昊 Spiral gas-powder channel premixing type nozzle for laser cladding
CN103046045A (en) * 2013-01-07 2013-04-17 张翀昊 Double shielding gas premixing spray head with spiral gas and powder channels for laser cladding
CN103046046A (en) * 2013-01-07 2013-04-17 张翀昊 Double shielding gas spray head with spiral gas and powder channels for laser cladding
CN105970211A (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-09-28 四川三阳永年增材制造技术有限公司 Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof
CN112525226A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-03-19 江南大学 Additive manufacturing equipment and method for sensing elastic foam and multi-channel coaxial extrusion of sensing elastic foam
CN112719591A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-30 苏州伊斯丹实业有限公司 Laser wire-adding welding device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201329320Y (en) * 2008-12-25 2009-10-21 沈阳大陆激光柔性制造技术有限公司 Coaxial powder-feeding nozzle with water cooling and guided air protection

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201329320Y (en) * 2008-12-25 2009-10-21 沈阳大陆激光柔性制造技术有限公司 Coaxial powder-feeding nozzle with water cooling and guided air protection

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨洗陈等.非载气式激光同轴送粉试验研究.《中国激光》.2004,第31卷(第1期),120-124.
王维等.激光熔覆同轴送粉喷嘴研制.《中国激光》.2012,第39卷(第4期),0403003-1-7. *
非载气式激光同轴送粉试验研究;杨洗陈等;《中国激光》;20040131;第31卷(第1期);120-124 *

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