CN102840701A - Vacuum tube wall type heat absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to vacuum tube wall type heat absorber. Straight-through vacuum tubes (1) are connected in series or parallel by U-shaped connection tubes (2) to form a single series heat absorbing module (17) or single parallel heat absorbing module (18). A plurality of series heat absorbing modules (17) or parallel heat absorbing modules (18) are connected in series or parallel by connecting tubes (11) to form the vacuum tube wall type heat absorber. The vacuum tube wall type heat absorber is in a two-dimensional curved surface or external cylinder or plane shape. The straight-through vacuum tubes (1) are arranged horizontally, vertically relative to the ground, slantwise or juxtaposedly in multiple rows. The vacuum tube wall type heat absorber is arranged on the top of a heat absorbing tower (7) unidirectionally or circumferentially. The back surfaces of the straight-through vacuum tubes (1) can be provided with compound parabolic concentrators (CPC) or plane or hemispherical secondary condensers (13).

Description

Vacuum tube wall heat sink

technical field

The invention relates to a solar high temperature heat absorber.

Background technique

The basic principle of tower solar thermal power generation is to use many heliostats to reflect solar radiation to the surface of the heat absorber placed on the upper part of the heat absorption tower, and use the steam or high-temperature air generated by the heating medium to drive the generator set to generate electricity . Since the 1980s, tower-type solar thermal power generation technology has developed rapidly, and a number of tower-type solar test power stations have been put into trial operation. A large number of experiments and operating data prove that the tower solar thermal power generation technology has the outstanding advantages of high temperature, high concentration ratio and high power generation efficiency, and has great prospects and competitiveness in the process of commercialization.

The heat absorber is one of the core components of light-to-heat conversion in the tower solar thermal power generation system. Its main function is to receive and absorb the solar radiation energy reflected by the heliostat field, and convert it into heat energy and transmit it to the Thermal fluid. The heat absorber, the heat absorbing tower and related pipelines form a heat absorbing system, which is installed at a certain height of the heat absorbing tower, and the equipment such as working fluid delivery pipelines is arranged inside the heat absorbing tower. The main components of the heat absorber include: the heat absorber composed of multiple pipelines, the support and fixed structure of the heat absorber, and the connecting pipelines between the heat absorbing units. At present, there are mainly three types of heat sink structures widely used: cavity type, column type and flat plate type. Among them, the column type and flat plate type are difficult to effectively insulate due to the use of steel pipe pipelines, resulting in large high-temperature heat loss. Although the cavity type can reduce a certain amount of heat loss, due to the complex structure and heavy weight, the cost of the heat absorption tower is high and the safety is poor. And at present, the surface of these heat absorbers is exposed in the air. If the solar selective absorption coating is used, it is prone to high-temperature oxidation in high-temperature, non-vacuum environments, and the performance is aging quickly, and the service life is short, so it is difficult to really effectively improve the absorption. Light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the heater.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the heat absorber of the existing tower type solar thermal power generation system, such as the low heat absorption efficiency at high temperature, the high requirement for the concentration precision of the heliostat field, the small opening of the heat absorber, etc. Occurrence of high-temperature oxidation, easy aging, and short service life, a vacuum tube wall heat absorber is proposed. The invention adopts a straight-through vacuum tube to realize the high-efficiency vacuum heat preservation function of the heat absorber. At the same time, the surface of the heat absorber tube is coated with a high-temperature-resistant solar selective absorption coating, which improves the efficiency of absorbing solar radiation energy and reduces the heat absorber’s leakage to the environment. The radiative heat loss significantly improves the light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the heat absorber.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The vacuum tube wall heat absorber of the present invention is composed of a heat absorbing module, a connecting pipe, an inlet main pipe and an outlet main pipe. A plurality of the heat-absorbing modules are connected in series through connecting pipes, one end of the connecting pipe is welded and communicated with the inlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module, and the other end of the connecting pipe is welded and communicated with the outlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module. The inlet main pipe is the main pipeline through which the heat transfer working medium of the heat absorber flows into the heat absorber. The working fluid is distributed to each heat absorption module through the inlet main pipe; the outlet main pipe is the general pipeline for the heat transfer working fluid of the heat absorber to flow out of the heat absorber, and the outlet main pipe is connected with the heat absorber located on the outermost side of the heat absorber. The outlet pipes of the heat modules are welded and connected, and the heat transfer working medium in each heat absorption module flows out of the heat absorber through the outlet main pipe. The heat absorber has the function of mixing heat transfer working fluid.

The heat-absorbing module is composed of a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes connected in series or in parallel.

Multiple straight-through vacuum tubes are connected in series through U-shaped connecting tubes to form a series heat-absorbing module. The U-shaped connecting tube is located between two straight-through vacuum tubes, and two ends of the U-shaped connecting tube are respectively connected to a straight-through vacuum tube. Among the two straight-through vacuum tubes on the outermost side of the series-type heat-absorbing module, the inner tube of a straight-through vacuum tube at the inlet end of the heat-absorbing module is welded to one end of the inlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module, and the one end of the outlet end of the series-type heat-absorbing module is straight-through The vacuum tube is welded to one end of the outlet tube of the endothermic module.

A plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes are connected in parallel to form a parallel heat-absorbing module. In the parallel heat-absorbing module, a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes are arranged vertically, the lower end of the straight-through vacuum tube is welded and connected with the inlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module, and the upper end of the straight-through vacuum tube is welded and connected with the outlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module.

The vacuum tube wall heat absorber is arranged circumferentially or unidirectionally at the top of the heat absorption tower. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber of the present invention forms a heat absorption system with a heat absorption tower and a heat transfer medium delivery pipeline. The lower end of the working medium ascending pipe is connected with the storage device. The upper end of the heat transfer working medium downcomer is connected to the outlet main pipe located at the lower part of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber, and the lower end of the heat transfer working medium downcomer is connected to the storage device. The heat-absorbing system absorbs and converts solar radiant energy into thermal energy of heat transfer working medium, which is used in a tower-type solar thermal power generation system.

The straight-through vacuum tube has a glass outer tube and a metal inner tube with a solar selective absorption coating, the glass outer tube and the metal inner tube are coaxially fitted, and a vacuum annular space is formed between the glass outer tube and the metal inner tube. Through the insulation effect of the vacuum annular space, the heat loss of the heat absorber at high temperature is significantly reduced. The solar selective absorption film layer of the metal inner tube can withstand the high temperature of solar radiation without being oxidized in a vacuum environment, thereby prolonging the service life of the coating and greatly improving the light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the heat absorber.

According to different design requirements, the straight-through vacuum tubes can be arranged horizontally, vertically on the ground, obliquely or in multiple rows side by side and staggered. The wall heat absorber formed by the modularized heat absorbing modules is convenient for the design of the heat absorber and its space layout, installation and maintenance.

There is a certain distance between the straight-through vacuum tubes that make up the heat-absorbing module, and a secondary concentrator can be arranged between the straight-through vacuum tubes to reflect and converge the sunlight that is not directly absorbed by the straight-through vacuum tubes to the straight-through vacuum tubes again, so that The sunlight projected onto the surface of the heat absorber is absorbed by the straight-through vacuum tube with maximum efficiency, improving the thermal efficiency of the heat absorber. The secondary concentrator is a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC), a concentrator in the form of a plane or a hemisphere, the surface shape of the compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) is a parabolic shape, and the plane or hemispherical The surface shape of the container is a horizontal plane or a hemispherical shape. The material used for the secondary concentrator is a metal plate with high temperature resistance and high reflectivity, such as a stainless steel plate or an aluminum plate. If the concentrated light is large in the tower solar thermal power generation system, a water-cooling or air-cooling device is added on the back of the secondary concentrator as required to avoid damage to the secondary concentrator due to excessive temperature.

The shape of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber can be designed as a two-dimensional curved surface, an external cylindrical type, a flat type, etc. The heat transfer medium in the heat absorber tube can be fluids such as water, steam, heat transfer oil, molten salt or air. The heat absorber generally adopts the direct flow mode, and the heat transfer working medium flows into the inlet main pipe of the heat absorber through the heat transfer medium rising pipe under the drive of the pump, and then is distributed into the straight-through vacuum tubes of each heat absorbing module, and is The heliostat reflects the focused sunlight for heating, and the heat transfer medium is heated in the heat absorber and then flows into the outlet main pipe. Different heat transfer media operate in slightly different modes.

The heat absorber can choose different orientations and layouts according to the actual building location of the heat absorbing tower in the tower solar thermal power station system, so as to ensure that the heat absorber can absorb solar radiation energy to the maximum. The heat absorber can be installed at a certain inclination angle to the ground or perpendicular to the ground, and the heat absorber can be adapted to heliostat fields arranged in one direction or in a circumferential direction.

The present invention has the advantage that:

1. The present invention adopts a straight-through vacuum tube as the heat absorbing element, which has a low heat loss coefficient, high absorption ratio and low emission ratio, and the overall light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the heat absorber is high.

2. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber of the present invention does not need to arrange an insulation structure. Due to the high thermal efficiency, under the same thermal power condition, the concentrated radiation energy flux density projected to the surface of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber is compared with the requirements of the traditional heat absorber. The concentration ratio is lower, the opening area of the heat absorber can be increased, the truncation efficiency can be greatly improved, and the requirements for the concentration accuracy of the heliostat field are reduced.

3. The structure of the heat absorber of the present invention is simple, and there are few auxiliary structures, which reduces the weight of the heat absorber, reduces the load-bearing requirements of the heat absorbing tower, and can reduce the cost of the heat absorbing tower.

4. By adopting the secondary light concentrator, the present invention realizes heat absorption on the entire surface of the straight-through heat-absorbing pipe, reduces the consumption of the straight-through heat-absorbing pipe, and improves energy utilization efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 series heat-absorbing module;

Fig. 2 Vacuum tube wall heat absorber composed of series heat absorbing modules;

Fig. 3 Parallel heat-absorbing module;

The vacuum tube wall type heat absorber that Fig. 4 parallel heat absorption module forms;

Figure 5a is a staggered arrangement of series heat-absorbing modules; Figure 5b is a staggered arrangement of parallel-connected heat-absorbing modules;

Fig. 6 Vacuum tube wall heat absorber with mixed arrangement of serial heat absorption modules and parallel heat absorption modules;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the secondary concentrator;

Figure 8 One-way arrangement of vacuum tube wall heat absorbers;

Figure 9 Circumferential arrangement of vacuum tube wall heat absorbers;

In the figure, 1 straight-through vacuum tube, 2 U-shaped connecting pipe, 3 inlet pipe of the heat absorbing module, 3' inlet pipe of the heat absorbing module of the outermost heat absorbing module, 4 outlet pipe of the heat absorbing module, 4' of the outermost heat absorbing module The outlet pipe of the endothermic module, 5 inlet main pipes, 6 outlet main pipes, 7 heat absorption towers, 8 heat transfer working medium down pipes, 9 heat transfer working medium ascending pipes, 10 heliostats, 11 connecting pipes, 12 with Metal inner tube with solar selective absorption coating, 13 secondary concentrators, 14 glass outer tube, 15 vacuum tube wall absorber, 17 series absorber module, 18 parallel absorber module.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The vacuum tube wall heat absorber of the present invention is composed of series heat absorption modules 17 or parallel heat absorption modules 18 , connecting pipes 11 , inlet main pipe 5 and outlet main pipe 6 .

A plurality of the heat-absorbing modules 17, 18 are connected in series through the connecting pipeline 11, one end of the connecting pipeline 11 is welded to the inlet pipe 3 of the heat-absorbing module, and the other end of the connecting pipeline 11 is connected to the outlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module. 4 welding Unicom. The inlet main pipe 5 is the main pipeline through which the heat transfer working medium of the heat absorber flows into the heat absorber, and the inlet main pipe 5 and the heat absorption module inlet pipes 3' of the heat absorption modules 17 and 18 located at the outermost side of the heat absorber 15 The heat transfer working medium flowing into the heat absorber is distributed to each heat absorbing module through the inlet main pipe; the outlet main pipe 6 is the main pipeline through which the heat transfer working medium of the heat absorber flows out of the heat absorber, and the outlet main pipe 6 is welded and communicated with the heat-absorbing module outlet pipes 4' of the heat-absorbing modules 17 and 18 located on the outermost side of the heat-absorbing module 15, and the heat transfer working medium in each heat-absorbing module flows out of the heat absorber through the outlet main pipe. The heat absorber has the function of mixing heat transfer working fluid.

The series-type heat-absorbing module 17 is composed of a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes 1 connected in series through U-shaped connecting tubes 2 . The U-shaped connecting tube 2 is located between two straight-through vacuum tubes 1, and two ends of the U-shaped connecting tube 2 are connected to a straight-through vacuum tube 1 respectively. Among the two outermost vacuum straight-through vacuum tubes of the series heat-absorbing module 17, the inner tube of one straight-through vacuum tube at the inlet end of the series-type heat-absorbing module 17 is connected to the inlet pipe 3 of the heat-absorbing module by welding, and the other one of the series-type heat-absorbing modules The straight-through vacuum tube at the outlet end of the module 17 is welded and communicated with the outlet pipe 4 of the endothermic module.

The parallel heat-absorbing module 18 is composed of a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes 1, an inlet pipe 3 of the heat-absorbing module and an outlet pipe 4 of the heat-absorbing module, and a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes 1 are vertically arranged, and the lower end of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 is connected to the end of the heat-absorbing module. The inlet pipe 3 is welded and communicated, and the upper end of the straight-through vacuum pipe 1 is welded and communicated with the outlet pipe 4 of the endothermic module.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the series heat absorbing module 17 is composed of a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes 1 connected by U-shaped connecting tubes 2 . The U-shaped connecting pipe 2 is located between two straight-through vacuum pipes 1 . Among the two outermost vacuum straight-through vacuum tubes 1 of the series-type heat-absorbing module 17, the inner tube of one straight-through vacuum tube 1 at the inlet end of the series-type heat-absorbing module 17 is connected to the inlet pipe 3 of the heat-absorbing module by welding, and the other one The straight-through vacuum tube 1 at the outlet end of the thermal module 17 is welded and communicated with the outlet tube 4 of the heat-absorbing module. The inlet pipe 3 of the heat absorbing module is welded and communicated with the inner pipe at one end of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 , and the axis of the inlet pipe 3 of the heat-absorbing module coincides with the axis of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 . The outlet pipe 4 of the heat-absorbing module is connected to the inner pipe at one end of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 by welding, and the axis of the outlet pipe 4 of the heat-absorbing module coincides with the axis of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 . The straight-through vacuum tubes 1 in the series heat-absorbing modules 17 can be arranged parallel to the ground or perpendicular to the ground.

As shown in Figure 2, the wall-type heat absorber 15 of the present invention is composed of a plurality of series-type heat-absorbing modules 17, a connecting pipe 11, an inlet main pipe 5 and an outlet main pipe 6, and a plurality of series-type heat-absorbing modules 17 pass through the connecting pipe 11 to achieve series or parallel connection. One end of the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the heat absorbing module inlet pipe 3 of a serial heat absorbing module 17 , and the other end of the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the heat absorbing module outlet pipe 4 of another series heat absorbing module 17 . The heat-absorbing module inlet pipe 3' of the outermost series-type heat-absorbing module 17 located at the lower part of the intermediate connecting pipe 11 is welded to the inlet main pipe 5, and the heat-absorbing module 17 of the outermost series-type heat-absorbing module located at the upper part of the intermediate connecting pipe 11 The module outlet pipe 4 ′ is connected with the outlet main pipe 6 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the parallel heat absorbing module 18 is composed of multiple straight-through vacuum tubes 1 connected in parallel. Each straight-through vacuum tube 1 is connected to the heat-absorbing module inlet pipe 3 and the heat-absorbing module outlet pipe 4 by welding, the heat-absorbing module inlet pipe 3 is connected to the lower end of the straight-through vacuum pipe 1, and the heat-absorbing module outlet pipe 4 is connected to the lower end of the heat-absorbing module outlet pipe 4. The upper ends of the straight-through vacuum tubes 1 are connected.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 of the present invention is composed of an inlet main pipe 5 , an outlet main pipe 6 and a parallel heat absorption module 18 . The parallel heat absorption module 18 is composed of a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes 1 connected in parallel. The heat absorption module inlet pipe 3 of the parallel heat absorption module 18 located at the lower part of the connecting pipe 11 is connected with the inlet main pipe 5, and the heat absorption module outlet pipe 4 of the parallel heat absorption module 18 located at the upper part of the connection pipe 11 is connected with the outlet main pipe 6 connected. The two parallel heat absorbing modules 18 are connected by a connecting pipe 11, one end of the connecting pipe 11 is connected with the heat absorbing module inlet pipe 3 of one parallel heat absorbing module 18, and the other end is connected with another parallel heat absorbing module 18. The thermal module inlet pipe 4 is connected to each other.

As shown in Figure 5, Figure 5a shows that when a plurality of series-connected heat-absorbing modules 17 form the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, the series-connected heat-absorbing modules are arranged alternately front and back; Figure 5b shows that a plurality of parallel-connected heat-absorbing modules 18 are composed For the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, the straight-through vacuum tubes 1 are arranged in a staggered front and rear, and this arrangement increases the area for receiving solar radiation energy.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 of the present invention is composed of an inlet main pipe 5 , an outlet main pipe 6 , a connecting pipe 11 , series heat absorption modules 17 and parallel heat absorption modules 18 . The series-type heat-absorbing module 17 and the parallel-connected heat-absorbing module 18 are connected in series through the connecting pipe 11, and the inlet pipe 3' of the heat-absorbing module on the outermost series-type heat-absorbing module 17 of the heat absorber 15 is welded and communicated with the inlet main pipe 5. The outlet pipe 4 ′ of the heat absorber module on the outermost parallel heat absorber module 18 of the heat absorber 15 is welded and communicated with the outlet main pipe 6 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , a secondary concentrator 13 is arranged on the back of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 . The secondary concentrator 13 in the form of a compound paraboloid is used for secondary concentrating, which reduces the overflow of solar radiation energy, improves the concentration ratio, and reflects and focuses the sunlight projected on the back of the straight-through vacuum tube 1 again, and passes through the through-type vacuum tube 1. A glass outer tube 14 is projected onto a metal inner tube 12 with a solar selective absorbing coating. Since there is a vacuum annular space between the glass outer tube 14 and the metal inner tube 12, the heat insulation effect is good, and the light-to-heat conversion efficiency can be significantly improved. The secondary concentrator 13 in the form of a compound paraboloid adopts a stainless steel plate or an aluminum plate with high temperature resistance and high reflectivity. At the same time, water cooling or air cooling devices can be added on the back of the secondary concentrator 13 in the form of a compound paraboloid according to needs, so as to avoid the secondary concentrator 13 from being burned due to excessive concentration energy.

As shown in Figure 8, the vacuum tube wall absorber is arranged in one direction, which is suitable for a one-way heliostat field. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 forms a heat absorption system with the heat absorption tower 7 , the heat transfer working medium ascending pipe 8 and the heat transfer working medium descending pipe 9 . The vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 is installed on the top of the heat absorption tower 7, and the heat transfer working medium rising pipe 8 is installed inside the heat absorption tower 7, and the upper end of the heat transfer working medium rising pipe 8 is connected with the inlet of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 The main pipe 5 is connected, and the lower end is connected with the storage device. The heat transfer working medium down pipe 9 is installed inside the heat absorption tower 7, the upper end of the heat transfer working medium down pipe 9 is connected with the outlet main pipe 6 of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, and the lower end is connected with the storage device. Driven by the pump, the heat transfer working medium flows into the inlet main pipe 5 of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 through the heat transfer working medium ascending pipe 8, and then is distributed to the straight-through vacuum tubes 1 of each serial heat absorption module 17, and passes through the fixed The solar radiation reflected and focused by the sun mirror 10 heats the heat transfer working medium in the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, and the solar radiation energy is converted into heat energy of the heat transfer working medium. Further, the heat transfer working medium is transported to the tower-type solar thermal power generation system through the downcomer 9 to generate electricity.

As shown in Figure 9, the vacuum tube wall absorber is arranged circumferentially, which is suitable for a circumferential heliostat field. The view to A in the figure shows that vacuum tube wall heat absorbers 15 are arranged around the heat absorption tower 7, which can absorb solar radiation from four directions. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 forms a heat absorption system with the heat absorption tower 7 , the heat transfer working medium ascending pipe 8 and the heat transfer working medium descending pipe 9 . The vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 is installed on the top of the heat absorption tower 7, and the heat transfer working medium rising pipe 8 is installed inside the heat absorption tower 7, and the upper end of the heat transfer working medium rising pipe 8 is connected with the inlet of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 The main pipe 5 is connected, and the lower end is connected with the storage device. The heat transfer working medium down pipe 9 is installed inside the heat absorption tower 7, the upper end of the heat transfer working medium down pipe 9 is connected with the outlet main pipe 6 of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, and the lower end is connected with the storage device. Driven by the pump, the heat transfer working medium flows into the inlet main pipe 5 of the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15 through the heat transfer working medium ascending pipe 8, and then is distributed to the straight-through vacuum tubes 1 of each serial heat absorption module 17, and passes through the fixed The solar radiation reflected and focused by the sun mirror 10 heats the heat transfer working medium in the vacuum tube wall heat absorber 15, and the solar radiation energy is converted into heat energy of the heat transfer working medium. Further, the heat transfer working medium is transported to the tower-type solar thermal power generation system through the downcomer 9 to generate electricity.

Claims (10)

1. A vacuum tube wall heat absorber, characterized in that the heat absorber (15) consists of heat absorbing modules (17, 18), connecting pipelines (11), inlet main pipe (5) and outlet main pipe (6) composition; multiple heat-absorbing modules (17, 18) are connected in series through connecting pipelines (11), and one end of the connecting pipelines (11) is connected to the inlet pipe (3) of the heat-absorbing modules by welding, The other end of the connection pipeline (11) is welded to the outlet pipe (4) of the heat absorber module; the inlet main pipe (5) is connected to the heat absorber module inlet pipe (3') welded and communicated; the outlet main pipe (6) is welded and communicated with the heat absorbing module outlet pipe (4') of the heat absorbing module located on the outermost side of the heat absorber (15); multiple straight-through vacuum tubes (1 ) are connected in series through U-shaped connecting pipes (2) to form a series-type heat-absorbing module (17); and a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes (1) are connected in parallel to form a parallel-connected heat-absorbing module (18). 2. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the series heat absorbing module (17), the U-shaped connecting pipe (2) is connected to two straight-through vacuum pipes Between (1); among the two straight-through vacuum tubes on the outermost side of the series-type heat-absorbing module, the inner tube of a straight-through vacuum tube (1) at the inlet end of the series-type heat-absorbing module is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat-absorbing module ( 3) Welding communication, a straight-through vacuum tube (1) at the outlet end of the series heat-absorbing module is connected to the outlet pipe (4) of the heat-absorbing module by welding. 3. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the parallel heat absorbing module (18), a plurality of straight-through vacuum tubes (1) are vertically arranged, and the straight-through vacuum tubes (1) The lower end of the vacuum tube (1) is welded and communicated with the inlet pipe (3) of the heat absorbing module, and the upper end of the straight-through vacuum tube (1) is welded and communicated with the outlet pipe (4) of the heat absorbing module. 4. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, the series heat absorbing module (17) and the parallel heat absorbing module (18) are connected in series, and are located at the end of the heat absorber (15). The inlet pipe (3') of the heat absorbing module on the outer series heat absorbing module (17) is welded and communicated with the inlet main pipe (5), and is located on the outermost parallel heat absorbing module (18) of the heat absorber (15) The outlet pipe (4') of the endothermic module is connected to the outlet main pipe (6) by welding. 5. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the series heat absorbing module (17), a secondary concentrator ( 13), the secondary concentrator (13) is a compound parabolic concentrator or a planar or hemispherical concentrator. 6. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that, the material of the secondary concentrator (13) is a metal plate. 7. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the back of the secondary concentrator (13) has a water cooling or air cooling device. 8. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight-through vacuum tubes (1) in the heat absorbing modules (17, 18) are arranged horizontally or vertically on the ground or inclined or more Arranged side by side and staggered. 9. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer medium of the heat absorber (15) is water or steam or heat transfer oil or molten salt or air. 10. The vacuum tube wall heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of the heat absorber (15) on the top of the heat absorption tower (7) is circumferential arrangement or unidirectional arrangement.

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