CN102839948A - Spiral flow drainage gas recovery device for natural gas extraction - Google Patents
Spiral flow drainage gas recovery device for natural gas extraction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spiral flow drainage gas recovery device for natural gas extraction. The spiral flow drainage gas recovery device comprises an inlet section, a contraction section, a straight section and a diffusing section which are communicated in sequence from bottom to top. The inlet section comprises an external tank and a chamber; the chamber is hollow and cylindrical, and is provided with an open upper end and a sealed lower end; the external tank is wrapped outside the chamber; and the chamber is communicated with the external tank by an inlet channel on the chamber. A contraction pipe is arranged inside the contraction section and is communicated with the chamber; and the pipe diameter of the contraction pipe decreases linearly from bottom to top. A straight pipe is arranged inside the straight section and is of a straight cylinder type. A diffusing pipe is arranged inside the diffusing section, and the pipe diameter of the diffusing pipe increases linearly from bottom to top. Due to the adoption of the structure, natural gas can turn into an ordered spiral flow state from an unordered turbulent flow state, so that the fluid carrying capability of the natural gas is improved, and the purpose of water drainage gas recovery of a gas well is fulfilled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas well gas production field, specifically is a kind of spiral flow water pumping gas production device.
Background technology
The field practice experience shows: " water drainage-gas recovery technology technology " plays a significantly greater role for gas well stable yields, raising the output and raising recovery ratio.So how, select to meet more gas well, the strong and good in economic efficiency water drainage-gas recovery technology technology of compliance, just become a good problem to study to the reality of gas well water outlet.Through in domestic and international for many years the Development Practice, formed " bubble row, preferred tubing string, gaslift, machine are taken out, electric submersible pump, jet pump " gradually and waited six covers water drainage-gas recovery technology relatively more commonly used technological.
Foam drainaging gas cutting process technology is uncomplicated, and use equipment, instrument is simple, cost is low, small investment, instant effect, be easy to control operation management, do not need workover treatment and closing well, the easyliest promotes the use of at mining site.But foam method can only be applicable to the gas well of certain blowing ability, and the tubing and casing connectedness will be got well, and oil pipe will be lowered to the gas well top at least, is prone to formation contaminant with the incompatible foaming agent in stratum.
Gaslift water pumping gas production technology can be divided into continuous gas lift and intermittent gaslift dual mode, wherein continuous gas lift have that the expansion energy that injects gas and stratum output gas can make full use of, gas injection rate and the production fluid amount is relatively stable, lifting rate is bigger remarkable advantage.Shortcoming is that lifting rate is less, and requires well to have certain blowing ability, when strata pressure is low, and the gaslift weak effect, and need high-pressure air source.
Preferred tubing string method is applicable to that sour gas well, simplicity of design, convenient management, cost are lower.The shortcoming of this technology is that big, the easy pollution gas-bearing formation of replacing oil pipe engineering quantity, discharge opeing ability are little, and the limit depth of setting of little caliber is difficult to satisfy well depth discharge opeing requirement usually.
Machine pump drainage hydromining gas technological equipment is simple and reliable, and available natural gas and electrical actuation power are easy to realize automatically
Control, to realize the having people to manage, unattended; Simplicity of design, maturation; Can make the many well migrations of equipment; Process well is not influenced by recovery percent of reserves, and can adopt gas-water well to exhaustion.The shortcoming of this technology is that to need deep well pump, oil pumper, sucker rod to make just to go up machine to take out investment bigger, and the supporting difficulty at this stage of power set is bigger; It is bigger influenced by hole deviation, well depth and hydrogen sulfide, and pump setting depth and lifting rate are all restricted; Seeing that gas-water well and oil well nature difference are bigger, interference reduces pump efficiency like gas, and sucker rod and pump damage easily, solve fully as yet.
The electric submersible pump water pumping gas production can form bigger producing pressure differential, can gas well be adopted to exhaustion in theory; Automaticity is high, has stronger self-protection ability, and operational administrative is flexible, realizes oneself's control easily; Be easy to install downhole temperature, pressure sensor, through control flow, directly observe parameters such as Pump Suction Nozzle place temperature, pressure, running current at any time on ground; The use of frequency-variable controller can be according to discharge capacity and other relevant parameter of hole condition condition timely adjustment electric pump.The limitation of this technology is that multistage big discharge capacity high power electric submersible pump unit is relatively more expensive, makes initial investment big, and particularly the cable expense is high; Because cable is fragile under the high temperature, and the depth of setting of electric submersible pump unit is restricted; Because influences such as formation water corrosion and fouling make that the down-hole unit durability is shorter in the gas well, the equipment component recycling rate of waterused is not high, thereby makes that the equipment one-time investment is bigger, and the gas production cost is high; Select well limited by casing size.
The jet pump underground equipment does not have moving component, has stronger adaptive capacity for the well of bad working environments such as shaking out; Simple in structure because of underground equipment, maintenance cost is low, on the well site, is that pipe is shouted in replaceable nozzle and suction through switching flow process, and the maintenance activity workload is little; The excursion of the following pump degree of depth and discharge capacity is big, can satisfy the production requirement of different wells; Can be used for inclined shaft and curved well; Wear-resisting and anticorrosive, can under high temperature high gas-liquid ratio condition, work.The limitation of this technology is that lifting efficiency is lower, high suction pressure (submergence) is arranged usually to prevent cavitation erosion; Ground installation is huge, and maintenance cost is higher; Terrestrial operation is complicated, and is especially big for outlying gas well management difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of natural gas that can make and convert orderly spiral flow fluidised form into, water is carried out gas well, and then solve the spiral flow water pumping gas production device of shaft bottom hydrops problem from unordered wadding stream fluidised form.
The present invention mainly realizes through following technical scheme for the technical solution problem: the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction; Comprise the air inlet section, contraction section, flat segments and the diffuser that are communicated with successively from the bottom up; Said air inlet section comprises outer cylinder body and the chamber of staying that is shaped as hollow cylinder, the open upper end of staying the chamber, lower end sealing; Outer cylinder body is wrapped in outside, and said staying between chamber and the outer cylinder body is communicated with through the inlet channel that is arranged on the chamber;
The inside of said contraction section is provided with the contraction pipeline, shrinks pipeline and is communicated with in the chamber, and the pipe diameter length of shrinking pipeline is linearity from the bottom up and reduces;
The inside of said flat segments is provided with flat tube, and flat tube is a straight barrel type;
The inside of said diffuser is provided with the diffusion pipeline, and the pipe diameter length of diffusion pipeline is linear from the bottom up and increases.
The outer cylinder body of air inlet section is communicated with through inlet channel with staying between the chamber, and natural gas is got in the process of chamber by outer cylinder body, generation spiral flow under the effect of inlet channel; Contraction section is used to make spiral flow to concentrate, to improve the intensity of spiral flow; And flat segments is used for stablizing spiral flow, makes spiral flow that a stable speed arranged; Diffuser mainly is the effect of playing transition, amplifying spiral flow, reduces the loss of the borehole wall to the spiral flow tangential velocity simultaneously, makes natural gas enter into the gas production tubing string.
Said outer cylinder body with stay the chamber through being threaded, and outer cylinder body is provided with the O RunddichtringO with junction in the chamber.Be threaded and conveniently overhaul and to change, add the sealing that can improve whole gas producing device behind the O RunddichtringO.
The said bottom of staying the chamber is provided with cone, and the bottom of cone is fixed on the bottom of chamber.Because the particularity of cone shape under the draw of cone, can make natural gas produce spiral flow better.
The tapering of said cone is 1:1~1:5.The tapering of cone is selected and can be depended on the circumstances, and can produce stronger spiral flow, can also be complementary with the size of whole pipe simultaneously is the best.
Said inlet channel is section roller symmetrical distribution structure or annular slot structure.
Said inlet channel is a section roller symmetrical distribution structure; Inlet channel comprises that N is arranged on the air inlet port on the chamber, and said air inlet port is being stayed axial symmetry distribution in the form of a ring on the chamber, and the air inlet port axial width is 5~20mm; Air inlet port is 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying the chamber; And air inlet port is positioned at the horizontal level of staying an outdoor end and is lower than to be positioned at and stays an indoor end, and wherein, N is for more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 6 integer.So-called air inlet port promptly is that all air inlet ports are positioned at same level height staying axial symmetry distribution in the form of a ring on the chamber, and air inlet port is about wherein diameter symmetry of air inlet port place circumference.
Said inlet channel is the annular slot structure; Inlet channel comprises a slit that is arranged on chamber 6; The circumferential width in said slit is 25 °~90 °; Axial width is 5~20mm, and the slit is 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying the chamber, and the slit is positioned at the horizontal level of staying an outdoor end and is lower than to be positioned at and stays an indoor end.
The tapering of said contraction pipeline is 1:4~1:15.
The tapering of said diffusion pipeline is 1:10~1:30.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) will the flow through fluid of pipeline of the present invention converts orderly spiral flow fluidised form into by unordered wadding stream fluidised form, and it is relatively slow that fluid energy is consumed, and improved act liquid efficient.
(2) through the present invention, for air-flow provides a very effective helical angle, air-flow can be propagated with the form of spiral flow, can also keep very long propagation distance simultaneously.
(3) the present invention can reduce the chance that drop in the air-flow collides gathering each other, makes drop in the process of migration, remain the droplet state, has reduced the possibility of hydrops.In the migration process of moisture gas from the shaft bottom to the well head; Be suspended in that fine droplet in the gas receives gas molecule collision and the random motion that takes place not stop; Drop is constantly collision in random motion; Might merge mutually to assemble and become big, become when the drag force that makes progress that big drop receives is not enough to overcome gravity and will assemble the generation hydrops in the shaft bottom.Spiral flow changes the unordered multiphase flow of gas into orderly spiral flow, has reduced the chance that drop collides gathering each other, and drop remains the droplet state in migration process, reduced the possibility of hydrops.
(4) the present invention can reduce the frictional resistance of gas in the well head migration process.Because action of centrifugal force, heavier drop is thrown to tube wall, forms one deck liquid film, and this layer liquid film can effectively reduce the surface roughness of tube wall, reduces the frictional resistance to the well head migration.Test shows that friction factor can reduce more than 30%.
(5) the present invention provides an extra tangential drag force can for the liquid in the air-flow, the fluid-carrying capability in the time of increasing substantially gas well production.When pipeline moves upward, axially-movable is arranged not only at air-flow, also have circular motion, the tangential velocity of circular motion an extra tangential drag force to be provided for the liquid in the gas simultaneously, the fluid-carrying capability in the time of significantly improving the natural gas well and produce.
(6) adaptive capacity of the present invention is strong.Because water pumping gas production instrument of the present invention do not have moving component, has stronger adaptive capacity for bad working environments such as shake out; And equipment used herein is underground equipment, and is extremely low to the ground environmental requirement, can adapt to various ground environments.
(7) device structure of the present invention is simple, and is safe, Maintenance free in the manufacturing process, and cost is lower.
(8) the following depth of the present invention's adaptation is big, can at the diverse location of pit shaft the spiral flow instrument be installed according to actual conditions, realizes the water drainage-gas recovery technology of deep-well, ultradeep well.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the admission line of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the admission line of embodiment 2.
The name that Reference numeral is corresponding is called: 1, air inlet section, 2, contraction section, 3, flat segments, 4, diffuser, 5, outer cylinder body, 6, stay the chamber, 7, air inlet port, 8, cone, 9, the slit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; The water pumping gas production device of present embodiment comprises from the bottom up air inlet section 1, contraction section 2, flat segments 3 and the diffuser 4 that is communicated with successively, and air inlet section 1 comprises outer cylinder body 5 and stay chamber 6, and what be shaped as hollow cylinder stays chamber 6; Stay the open upper end of chamber 6; Lower end sealing, outer cylinder body 5 is wrapped in 6 outsides in the chamber, stays between chamber 6 and the outer cylinder body 5 to be communicated with through the inlet channel that is arranged on chamber 6; In the set inside of contraction section 2 and stay the contraction pipeline that chamber 6 is communicated with, and the pipe diameter length of contraction pipeline is linearity from the bottom up and reduces; In the set inside flat tube of flat segments 3, flat tube is a straight barrel type; At the set inside diffusion pipeline of diffuser 4, the pipe diameter length of diffusion pipeline is linear from the bottom up and increases.
Natural gas gets into behind chamber 6 through inlet channel from outer cylinder body 5, in staying chamber 6, produces spiral flow immediately, under the effect of contraction that shrinks pipeline; Spiral flow is concentrated, and under the effect of flat tube, spiral flow tends to be steady then; And smoothly transit to the diffusion pipeline, because the caliber of diffusion pipeline becomes greatly gradually, spiral flow obtains amplifying; The borehole wall reduces the loss of spiral flow tangential velocity simultaneously, makes natural gas enter into the gas production tubing string.
As preferably; The outer cylinder body 5 of present embodiment with stay chamber 6 through being threaded; And outer cylinder body 5 is provided with the O RunddichtringO with the junction of staying chamber 6, on the basis of the excellent sealing property that has guaranteed whole water pumping gas production device, has made things convenient for the maintenance and the replacing of water pumping gas production device.
The bottom of staying chamber 6 of present embodiment is provided with cone 8, and the bottom of cone 8 is fixed on the bottom of chamber 6, because the structure of cone 8 is very similar with spiral flow; Therefore; Get into before chamber 6 at natural gas, through the draw of cone 8, the spiral flow better effects if that natural gas is formed; Simultaneously, show through test that under all identical situation of other structural parameters, the tapering of cone 8 is between 1:1~1:5 the time, the spiral flow effect of generation all is very good.
The tapering of the contraction pipeline of present embodiment is 1:4~1:15; Shrinking the tapering of pipeline selects usually based on two aspects; The one, play the effect of concentrating spiral flow; The 2nd, be complementary with the caliber size that is connected pipeline, the tapering that shrinks pipeline can obtain preferable effect in this scope of 1:4~1:15 the time.
Equally, the tapering of diffusion pipeline also is based on two aspects, and the one, make spiral flow obtain well amplifying, the 2nd, be complementary with the caliber size that is connected pipeline, and the tapering that spreads pipeline can obtain comparatively desirable effect between 1:10~1:30 the time.
Because along with weakening of natural gas tangential direction speed, promptly the spiral flow fluidised form can fade away, can connect a spiral flow water pumping gas production device this moment again on the gas production tubing string, transmits with the long distance that guarantees spiral flow.Usually, the spacing between two devices is 800-1000m.
Present embodiment is designed to section roller symmetrical distribution structure with inlet channel; Inlet channel comprises that N is arranged on the air inlet port 7 on chamber 6, and air inlet port 7 is being stayed axial symmetry distribution in the form of a ring on the chamber 6, and air inlet port 7 axial widths are 5~20mm; Air inlet port 7 is 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying chamber 6; And the horizontal level that air inlet port 7 is positioned at the end outside chamber 6 is lower than and is positioned in the chamber end of 6, and wherein, N is for more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 6 integer.
Spiral flow intensity is an important physical amount that characterizes the spiral flow flow behavior, and spiral flow intensity generally is expressed from the next:
In the formula: S is a spiral flow intensity, and u is an axial velocity, and w is a tangential velocity, and r is the pipeline radius;
Can know by following formula; Under the certain situation of pipeline radius r; The spiral flow strength S is directly proportional with
; Be that axial velocity u is big more, the spiral flow strength S is just more little; Tangential velocity w is big more, and the spiral flow strength S is just big more.
The parameter of table 1 inlet channel (section roller symmetrical structure) is selected the corresponding tables with spiral flow intensity
Parameter is selected (section roller symmetrical structure) | Air inlet port quantity | The axial width of air inlet port (mm) | Angle (degree) | Tangential velocity w: axial velocity u |
1 | 3 | 20 | 10 | 1:5.2 |
2 | 4 | 10 | 72 | 1:5.4 |
3 | 4 | 16 | 50 | 1:5.3 |
4 | 5 | 15 | 25 | 1:5 |
5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 1:6.2 |
6 | 6 | 5 | 45 | 1:6 |
Usually, spiral flow intensity reaches 1:8 when above, just can liquid upwards be pulled fully; Make liquid also form orderly spiral flow upwards simultaneously; Reduce the chance that drop collides gathering each other, drop remains the droplet state in migration process, reduces the possibility of hydrops.Can know that through the data in the table 1 inlet channel of present embodiment section roller symmetrical structure can be realized the present invention fully.
Can find out that from present embodiment the present invention also discharges water when gathering natural gas in the lump, the mode of discharge water has adopted the characteristics of spiral flow dexterously; Through a spiral flow generating means, make natural gas form strong spiral flow, make the interior constantly rotation of pipeline of water; And under the effect of the tangential force of the spiral flow that natural gas produces; Water in the pipeline is upwards pulled, and upwards climbs along tube wall, finally discharges from well head.The gas production mode that the present invention is unique can be described as has accomplished to kill two birds with one stone, and draining, gas production are neglected neither, and have solved in the past the hydrops phenomenon can occur at the bottom of the natural gas well, influence the problem of natural gas extraction; Simultaneously, can on the gas production pipeline, connect a plurality of the present invention, be used to continue to guarantee that spiral flow has enough intensity, carrying liquid, thereby realize the water pumping gas production of deep-well, ultradeep well; Because the present invention is simple in structure, there is not moving component, have stronger adaptive capacity for bad working environments such as shake out, and the present invention is being underground work, extremely low to the ground environmental requirement, can adapt to various ground environments.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and different places are; Present embodiment is designed to the annular slot structure with inlet channel; Inlet channel comprises a slit 9 that is arranged on chamber 6, and the circumferential width in slit 9 is 25 °~90 °, and axial width is 5~20mm; Slit 9 is 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying chamber 6, and slit 9 horizontal level that is positioned at the end outside chamber 6 is lower than and is positioned in the chamber end of 6.
The parameter of table 2 inlet channel (annular slot structure) is selected the corresponding tables with spiral flow intensity
Parameter is selected (annular slot structure) | Circumferential width (degree) | Axial width (mm) | Angle (degree) | Tangential velocity w: axial velocity u |
1 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 1:4.3 |
2 | 25 | 10 | 72 | 1:4.5 |
3 | 40 | 16 | 50 | 1:5 |
4 | 35 | 15 | 25 | 1:4.3 |
5 | 90 | 6 | 5 | 1:4.5 |
6 | 60 | 5 | 45 | 1:4 |
Spiral flow intensity by being drawn in the table 2 is not difficult to find out, the inlet channel of the relative section roller symmetrical structure of spiral flow that the inlet channel of employing annular slot structure produces, and intensity is also bigger, therefore, can realize the present invention equally.
Operating principle of the present invention is: at first, natural gas and liquid water etc. enters into air inlet section 1, forms unique spiral flow device by staying chamber 6 with cone 8; Make natural gas in staying chamber 6, produce strong spiral flow, spiral flow is concentrated when contraction section 2, then at flat segments 3 strength of stabilities; Amplify at diffuser 4 at last, and upwards constantly extend, spiral flow makes the liquid fast rotational; Because action of centrifugal force; Liquid is thrown toward tube wall, and lasting and strong spiral flow makes liquid move upward along tube wall, has accomplished draining and gas production simultaneously.
Claims (9)
1. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction comprises the air inlet section (1), contraction section (2), flat segments (3) and the diffuser (4) that are communicated with successively from the bottom up, it is characterized in that:
What said air inlet section (1) comprised outer cylinder body (5) and was shaped as hollow cylinder stays chamber (6); Stay the open upper end of chamber (6); The lower end sealing; Outer cylinder body (5) is wrapped in (6) outside in the chamber, and said staying between chamber (6) and the outer cylinder body (5) is communicated with through the inlet channel that is arranged on chamber (6);
The inside of said contraction section (2) is provided with the contraction pipeline, shrinks pipeline and is communicated with in chamber (6), and the pipe diameter length of shrinking pipeline is linearity from the bottom up and reduces;
The inside of said flat segments (3) is provided with flat tube, and flat tube is a straight barrel type;
The inside of said diffuser (4) is provided with the diffusion pipeline, and the pipe diameter length of diffusion pipeline is linear from the bottom up and increases.
2. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said outer cylinder body (5) with stay chamber (6) through being threaded, and outer cylinder body (5) is provided with the O RunddichtringO with the junction of staying chamber (6).
3. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said bottom of staying chamber (6) is provided with cone (8), and the bottom of cone (8) is fixed on the bottom of chamber (6).
4. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the tapering of said cone (8) is 1:1~1:5.
5. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said inlet channel is section roller symmetrical distribution structure or annular slot structure.
6. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said inlet channel is a section roller symmetrical distribution structure; Inlet channel comprises that N is arranged on the air inlet port (7) on chamber (6), and said air inlet port (7) is being stayed axial symmetry distribution in the form of a ring on the chamber (6), and air inlet port (7) axial width is 5~20mm; Air inlet port (7) is 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying chamber (6); And the horizontal level that air inlet port (7) is positioned at the end outside chamber (6) is lower than an end that is positioned in the chamber (6), and wherein, N is for more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 6 integer.
7. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said inlet channel is the annular slot structure; Inlet channel comprises a slit (9) that is arranged on chamber (6); The circumferential width in said slit (9) is 25 °~90 °; Axial width is 5~20mm, and slit (9) are 5 °~72 ° with the angle of the cross section of staying chamber (6), and the horizontal level that slit (9) are positioned at the end outside chamber (6) is lower than an end that is positioned in the chamber (6).
8. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tapering of said contraction pipeline is 1:4~1:15.
9. the spiral flow water pumping gas production device that is used for natural gas extraction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tapering of said diffusion pipeline is 1:10~1:30.
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Cited By (4)
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CN103909937A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-09 | 陈国光 | Space rail |
CN105089608A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Injection tool matched with underground eddy current tool for water drainage and gas production and application method |
CN109477370A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-03-15 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Method and apparatus for stablizing the gas/liquid flowing in vertical pipeline |
CN111577207A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | Horizontal gas well is with interior spiral drainage instrument of oil pipe |
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