CN102810736A - Antennas and Wireless Communication Devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna, which comprises a medium substrate and a grounding unit which is adhered onto the medium substrate, and the antenna also comprises a metal structure which is adhered onto the medium substrate, the metal structure comprises an electromagnetic response unit, a metal open ring which is arranged surrounding the electromagnetic response unit and a feed point which is connected with the metal open ring, and the electromagnetic response unit comprises an electric field coupling structure. Such design is equivalent to the increase of a physical length of the antenna, a radio frequency antenna which works under an ultra-low working frequency can be designed inside a ultra-small space, so that the physical limitation that the traditional antenna is controlled by the space area when working under the low frequency can be solved, and the miniaturization, low working frequency and broadband multimode requirements of a mobile phone antenna can be met. Simultaneously a design way with lower cost can be provided for the antenna design of a wireless communication device.

Description

Antennas and Wireless Communication Devices

technical field

The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and a wireless communication device using the antenna.

Background technique

With the high development of semiconductor technology, higher and higher requirements are put forward for the integration of today's electronic systems, and the miniaturization of devices has become a technical issue of great concern to the entire industry. However, unlike the development of IC chips following "Moore's Law", radio frequency modules, another important component of electronic systems, face the difficult technical challenge of device miniaturization. The radio frequency module mainly includes main components such as frequency mixing, power amplifier, filter, radio frequency signal transmission, matching network and antenna. Among them, the antenna is the radiating unit and receiving device of the final radio frequency signal, and its working characteristics will directly affect the working performance of the entire electronic system. However, important indicators such as the size, bandwidth, and gain of the antenna are limited by basic physical principles (gain limit, bandwidth limit, etc. under a fixed size). The basic principles of these index limits make the miniaturization of antennas far more difficult than other devices, and due to the complexity of electromagnetic field analysis of radio frequency devices, approaching these limit values has become a huge technical challenge.

At the same time, with the complexity of modern electronic systems, the demand for multi-mode services is becoming more and more important in systems such as wireless communication, wireless access, satellite communication, and wireless data networks. The demand for multi-mode services further increases the complexity of multi-mode design for miniaturized antennas. In addition to the technical challenge of miniaturization, the multi-mode impedance matching of the antenna has also become the bottleneck of the antenna technology. On the other hand, the rapid development of multiple-input multiple-output systems (MIMO) in the field of wireless communication and wireless data services further requires the miniaturization of antenna size while ensuring good isolation, radiation performance and anti-interference ability. However, traditional terminal communication antennas are mainly designed based on the radiation principle of electric monopole or dipole, such as the most commonly used planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). The radiation operating frequency of traditional antennas is directly related to the size of the antenna, and the bandwidth is directly related to the area of the antenna, so that the design of the antenna usually requires a physical length of half a wavelength. In some more complex electronic systems, the antenna needs to work in multiple modes, and an additional impedance matching network design is required before feeding into the antenna. However, the impedance matching network additionally increases the feeder design of the electronic system and increases the area of the radio frequency system. At the same time, the matching network also introduces a lot of energy loss, which is difficult to meet the system design requirements of low power consumption. Therefore, the miniaturized and multi-mode new antenna technology has become an important technical bottleneck of contemporary electronic integrated systems.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult for existing mobile phone antennas to meet the design requirements of low power consumption, miniaturization and multi-function of modern communication systems based on the physical length limitation of half-wavelength. Therefore, the present invention provides a low power consumption , miniaturization and multi-resonant frequency point antenna.

The invention also provides a wireless communication device using the antenna.

An antenna includes a dielectric substrate and a grounding unit attached to the dielectric substrate, the antenna also includes a metal structure attached to the dielectric substrate, the metal structure includes an electromagnetic response unit, and is used to surround the electromagnetic response unit. A metal split ring and a feed point connected to one end of the metal split ring, the electromagnetic response unit includes an electric field coupling structure.

Further, the electromagnetic response unit further includes four metal substructures, the four metal substructures are respectively arranged in the electric field coupling structure and connected with the electric field coupling structure as a whole.

Further, the electromagnetic response unit further includes four metal substructures, and the four metal substructures are respectively arranged in the electric field coupling structure and coupled with the electric field coupling structure.

Further, the metal substructure is a pair of complementary split resonant ring metal substructures.

Further, the metal substructure is a complementary helical metal substructure.

Further, the metal substructure is a complementary meander line metal substructure.

Further, the metal substructure is a complementary split helical ring metal substructure.

Further, the complementary split resonator ring metal substructure generates any one of an open curved metal substructure, an open triangular metal substructure, and an open polygonal metal substructure by means of geometric shape derivation.

Further, a complementary derivative structure is formed based on the complementary split resonator ring metal substructure.

A wireless communication device, comprising the above-mentioned antenna, is characterized in that the wireless communication device further includes a PCB board, and the antenna is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals and converting the electromagnetic wave signals into electrical signals for transmission to the PCB board.

This design is equivalent to increasing the physical length of the antenna, and a radio frequency antenna working at a very low operating frequency can be designed in a very small space, which solves the physical limitation of the antenna controlled space area when the traditional antenna works at low frequency, and satisfies the Miniaturization, low operating frequency, and broadband multi-mode requirements of mobile phone antennas. At the same time, a lower-cost design method is provided for antenna design of wireless communication equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the metal structure of the antenna in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 4a is a plane view of a metal substructure of a split resonator ring in the metal structure shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4b is a plan view of a complementary metal substructure of the split resonator ring metal substructure shown in Fig. 4a;

Figure 5a is a plan view of a helical metal substructure in the metal structure shown in Figure 2;

Figure 5b is a plan view of a complementary metal substructure of the helical metal substructure shown in Figure 5a;

Figure 6a is a plan view of a meander line metal substructure of the metal structure shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 6b is a plan view of a complementary metal substructure of the meander line metal substructure shown in Fig. 6a;

Figure 7a is a plan view of a split helical ring metal substructure in the metal structure shown in Figure 2;

Figure 7b is a plan view of a complementary metal substructure of the split helical ring metal substructure shown in Figure 7a;

Fig. 8a is a plan view of a double-opened helical ring metal substructure in the metal structure shown in Fig. 2;

Figure 8b is a plan view of a complementary metal substructure of the double-split helical ring metal substructure shown in Figure 8a;

9 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

10 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the geometric shape derivation of one of the metal substructures of the split resonator ring shown in Fig. 4a;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the geometric shape derivation of another structure in the metal substructure of the complementary split resonator ring shown in Fig. 4b;

Fig. 13a is a plan view of a metal substructure obtained by compounding and deriving three complementary split resonator ring metal substructures shown in Fig. 4b;

Figure 13b is a complementary metal substructure plan view of the metal substructure shown in Figure 13a;

FIG. 14 is a wireless communication device using the antenna of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a perspective view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention. The antenna 10 includes a dielectric substrate 11 , a metal structure 12 and a grounding unit 22 all attached to the dielectric substrate 11 . The ground unit 22 is a metal sheet and at least one metallized through hole 23 is opened thereon. In this embodiment, the metal structure 12 is attached to one surface of the dielectric substrate 11 of the antenna 10; grounding units 22 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 11, and the metalized through holes 23 corresponding to the The solid substrate 11 is also provided with through holes (not shown in the figure), through which the scattered ground units 22 are electrically connected to form a common ground through these metallized through holes 23 . In other embodiments, the metal structure 12 is attached to both opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 11 of the antenna 10 , and the grounding unit 22 is disposed on both opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate 11 .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the metal structure 12 shown includes an electromagnetic response unit 120 , a metal split ring 121 wrapping the electromagnetic response unit 120 , and a feed point 123 connected to an extended end of the metal split ring 121 . The electromagnetic response unit 123 includes an electric-field-coupled structure (electric-field-coupled, ELC for short). This design is equivalent to increasing the physical length of the antenna (the actual length does not increase), so that a radio frequency antenna working at an extremely low operating frequency can be designed in a very small space. Solve the physical limitation of the antenna controlled space area when the traditional antenna works at low frequency.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 together, a schematic diagram of the metal structure of the antenna and a perspective view of the second embodiment of the antenna of the present invention. In order to achieve impedance matching and better improve the performance of the antenna 10, the antenna 10 can also be further modified; the metal structure 12 also includes at least one metal substructure 122, that is, the electric field coupling structure (electric- At least one metal substructure 122 is nested in field-coupled (ELC for short). In this embodiment, four identical metal substructures 122 are respectively nested in the electric field coupling structure (ELC) and are integrated with the electric field coupling structure (as shown in FIG. 3 ). In this other manner, the four identical metal substructures 122 may be directly connected to the electric field coupling structure by means of electric field coupling or inductive coupling.

At least two metal substructures in the above four metal substructures 122 have different shapes, that is, the four metal substructures 122 may be completely different or partially different.

Various wireless communication devices can use the antenna 10 or 20 of the present invention, but for impedance matching between the antenna 10 or 20 and various wireless communication devices or to realize multi-mode working mode, the metal substructure 122 can use various A metallic substructure and its derived structures that respond to electromagnetic waves. For example, the metal substructure 122 can be a complementary split resonator metal substructure (as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b ), that is, the shapes of the two metal substructures as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b are complementary.

The metal substructures 122 shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b form a pair of complementary split resonant ring metal substructures. Since the metal substructure 122 shown in FIG. 4a is not provided with a connecting terminal, the metal substructure 122 shown in FIG. 4a can be arranged in the metal structure 12 in a coupling manner, thereby forming the antenna 10 of the present invention (as shown in FIG. 9). Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4 b , the connecting terminal is not provided, and it can also be provided in the metal structure 12 in a coupling manner.

The metal substructure 122 can also choose a pair of complementary helical metal substructures as shown in Figures 5a and 5b, a pair of complementary meander line metal substructures as shown in Figures 6a and 6b, as shown in Figures 7a and 7b A pair of complementary split helical ring metallosubstructures is shown and a pair of complementary double split helical ring metallosubstructures is shown in Figures 8a and 8b. If the metal substructure 122 is provided with a connecting terminal, the metal substructure 122 can be directly connected to the metal structure 12 , as shown in FIG. 6 b for the metal substructure 122 . Please also refer to FIG. 10 , the metal substructure 122 shown in FIG. 6 b is electrically connected to the electric field coupling structure of the metal structure 12 , so as to obtain the antenna 10 derived from the present invention. The bends formed in the various metal substructures 122 are all in the shape of right angles. In other embodiments, various bends of the metal substructure 122 are rounded, such as the rounded shape of the bend of the electromagnetic response unit 120 .

The metal substructure 122 may be one kind or a metal substructure obtained by deriving, compounding or forming an array of the foregoing structures. There are two types of derivation, one is geometry derivation and the other is extension derivation. The geometrical shape derivation here refers to the derivation of structures with similar functions but different shapes, for example, open curved metal substructures, open triangular metal substructures, open polygonal metal substructures and other different polygonal structures derived from box-like structures. The split resonant metal sub-ring structure shown in FIG. 4a is taken as an example, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape derivation. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape derivation. The corresponding complementary derivative structure is derived from the above geometric shape derivation, such as the complementary derivative structure formed based on the metal substructure of the split resonator ring (as shown in FIG. 12 ).

The extended derivation here is to compound and superimpose each other on the basis of the metal substructures in Figures 4 to 8 to form a consistent metal substructure; the composite here refers to at least two metal substructures as shown in Figures 4 to 8 The composite superposition forms a composite metal substructure 122 . The composite metal substructure shown in FIG. 13a is formed by composite nesting of three complementary split resonator ring metal substructures as shown in FIG. 4b. Thus, a complementary composite metal substructure (as shown in FIG. 13b ) is obtained from the metal substructure shown in FIG. 13a.

In the present invention, when the metal structures 12 are provided on the two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrates 11 and 21, the metal structures 12 on the two surfaces may or may not be connected. When the metal structures 12 on the two surfaces are not connected, the metal structures 12 on the two surfaces are fed through capacitive coupling; in this case, by changing the thickness of the dielectric substrate 11, 21 Resonance of the metallic structures 12 on both surfaces can be achieved. In the case that the metal structures 12 on the two surfaces are electrically connected (for example, connected in the form of wires or metallized through holes), the metal structures 12 on the two surfaces are fed by inductive coupling.

In the present invention, the dielectric substrates 11 and 21 are made of ceramic materials, polymer materials, ferroelectric materials, ferrite materials or ferromagnetic materials. Preferably, it is made of polymer materials, specifically polymer materials such as FR-4 and F4B.

In the present invention, the metal structure 12 is made of copper or silver. It is preferably copper, which is cheap and has good electrical conductivity. In order to achieve better impedance matching, the metal structure 12 is also a combination of copper and silver, for example, the electromagnetic response unit 120 and the metal substructure 122 are made of silver material, while the metal split ring 121 and the feed point 123 are made of copper material, so Metallic structures 12 made of various copper and silver combinations can be derived.

In the present invention, regarding the processing and manufacturing of the antenna, as long as the design principle of the present invention is satisfied, various manufacturing methods can be adopted. The most common method is to use various printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing methods. Of course, metallized through holes and double-sided copper-clad PCB manufacturing can also meet the processing requirements of the present invention. In addition to this processing method, other processing methods can also be introduced according to actual needs, such as the conductive silver paste ink processing method used in RFID (RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification, that is, radio frequency identification technology, commonly known as electronic tags), various deformable The flexible PCB processing of the device, the processing method of the iron sheet antenna, and the processing method of the combination of the iron sheet and the PCB. Among them, the combined processing method of iron sheet and PCB refers to the use of precise processing of PCB to complete the processing of the antenna micro-slot structure, and use iron sheet to complete other auxiliary parts. In addition, it can also be processed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron etching or ion etching.

Please refer to FIG. 14 , a wireless communication device 100 using the above-mentioned antenna, the device includes a device housing 97 , a PCB board 99 disposed in the device housing 97 and the antenna 10 of the present invention. The antenna is connected with the PCB board. The antenna is used to receive the electromagnetic wave signal and convert the electromagnetic wave signal into an electrical signal and send it to the PCB board for processing. By adopting the antenna design idea of the present invention, it is possible to easily design impedance-matched antennas according to the communication frequency bands of various wireless communication devices. The wireless communication device 100 includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a mobile multimedia device, a WIFI device, a personal computer, a Bluetooth device, a wireless router, a wireless network card, a navigation device, and the like.

Embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementations, and the above-mentioned specific implementations are only illustrative, rather than restrictive, and those of ordinary skill in the art will Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many forms can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, and these all belong to the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. antenna; Comprise a medium substrate and be attached to ground unit on the medium substrate; It is characterized in that; Antenna comprises that also one is attached to the metal structure of said medium substrate, and said metal structure comprises an electromagnetic response unit, is used for a metal openings ring that is provided with around said electromagnetic response unit and the feedback point that links to each other with an end of metal openings ring, and said electromagnetic response unit comprises a field coupled structure.

2. antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said electromagnetic response unit also comprises four metal sublayer structures, and said four metal sublayer structures are arranged at respectively in the said field coupled structure and with the field coupled structure and are connected as a body.

3. antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said electromagnetic response unit also comprises four metal sublayer structures, and said four metal sublayer structures are arranged at respectively in the said field coupled structure and with the field coupled structure and are coupled.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described antennas, it is characterized in that said metal sublayer structure is any one in a pair of complementary split ring resonator metal sublayer structure.

5. according to claim 2 or 3 described antennas, it is characterized in that said metal sublayer structure is any one in a pair of complementary complementary helix metal sublayer structure.

6. according to claim 2 or 3 described antennas, it is characterized in that said metal sublayer structure is any one in a pair of complementary folding line metal sublayer structure.

7. according to claim 2 or 3 described antennas, it is characterized in that said metal sublayer structure is any one in a pair of complementary opening helical ring metal sublayer structure.

8. antenna according to claim 4; It is characterized in that said split ring resonator metal sublayer structure is passed through any one in geometry deriving mode generation opening curve metal sublayer structure, open-delta metal sublayer structure and the opening polygon metal sublayer structure.

9. antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, based on the complementary derived structure of said split ring resonator metal sublayer structure formation.

10. wireless communication apparatus; Comprise any said antenna of claim of claim 1 to 9; It is characterized in that wireless communication apparatus also comprises a pcb board, said antenna is used to receive electromagnetic wave signal and converts electromagnetic wave signal into the signal of telecommunication and is sent to pcb board.

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