CN102794516A - Blisk blade profile subtle electrochemical machining electrode and machining method - Google Patents
Blisk blade profile subtle electrochemical machining electrode and machining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blisk blade profile subtle electrochemical machining electrode and a machining method. The device comprises a left electrode device and a right electrode device, wherein the left electrode device comprises an HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck, a first auxiliary liquid supply module, a blade back working cathode, a lower insulating baffle, an electrode base, a transfer base and an upper insulating baffle; and the right electrode device comprises an HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck, an electrode base, a transfer base, a sealing baffle, a second auxiliary liquid supply module, a main liquid supply module, a blade basin working cathode and an upper insulating baffle. According to the invention, through the vibrating electrochemical machining of the left and right electrodes, the final machine shaping of the blisk blade profile surface is finished, the machining efficiency can be improved by 50% compared with that of the traditional machining method, and allowance-free shaping is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electrolysis processing, be specifically related to the electrode and the processing method of the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing of a kind of aviation field blisk blade profile.
Background technology
The principle of Electrolyzed Processing is to utilize metal in electrolyte, the principle of anodic solution can take place and remove material, works the work piece into a kind of non-traditional cutting working method of type.During Electrolyzed Processing, instrument (cutter) is connected to dc source as negative electrode, workpiece as anode.In electrolyte, tool cathode is shifted to the workpiece anode with certain speed, between instrument and the workpiece charge-exchange takes place, and anode workpiece is dissolved, and is taken away by swiftly flowing electrolyte, thereby reaches point-device processing request.
Adopt extensive use on the advanced abroad aero-engine of electrolytic method processing blisk.Developed six Shaft and NC Machining Test electrolytic machine tools processing blisk like U.S. Ex-Cello-O company abroad; It adopts whole block type electrode, feeding angle to tilt 30 °; The electrolyte stream flowing mode adopts lateral flow type; Be that electrolyte flows into, flows out from the exhaust limit from the blade leading edge,, therefore can't process the narrow blisk of leaf passage because of it adopts whole block type electrode.Domestic Nanjing Aero-Space University adopts a kind of thin slice shaped electrode processing blisk leaf; Thin electrode is the distortion profile similar with blade profile; The mode that electrolyte adopts blade root to flow to blade tip, this method are suitable for the narrow blisk processing of leaf passage.But should technology still can not accomplish not have surplus processing, also need carry out finish-milling blade profile and runner.
In recent years; The external precise and tiny vibration electrochemical Machining Technology of having developed advanced high-frequency narrow-pulse power supply again; And made a breakthrough; The processing working clearance automatic control system that has the parallel multi-tube road exhibition ripple able to programme power technology of patent and cooperate therewith can increase substantially machining accuracy and surface quality.The highest repeatable accuracy of its die cavity processing can reach 1～2 μ m, and surface roughness can reach Ra0.05 μ m, and three-dimensionally shaped machining accuracy can be controlled at 1～10 μ m simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency to prior art; The present invention proposes precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of a kind of blisk blade profile and processing method; To realize accomplishing the final no surplus machine-shaping of integrated impeller blade profile, reach the purpose that improves working (machining) efficiency, cuts down finished cost through the vibration electrolysis of left and right two electrodes.
The precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of a kind of blisk blade profile, this device comprises left electrode assembly and right electrode assembly; Described left electrode assembly comprises HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck, the first auxilliary feed flow module, blade back work negative electrode, insulation barrier on the insulation barrier and second on insulation barrier, electrodes base, the adapter, first down;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck is through adapter connection electrode base; Be provided with the following insulation barrier of band sealing guiding gutter in the middle of the described electrodes base; The upper right side of described electrodes base is provided with the first auxilliary feed flow module that has auxilliary supply opening and groove; Left end at described electrodes base is provided with groove, between this groove and the first auxilliary feed flow module, is provided with blade back work negative electrode, and described blade back work negative electrode is provided with the sealing guiding gutter; The left upper end of described electrodes base is provided with insulation barrier on first; The described first auxilliary feed flow module is provided with insulation barrier on second, forms leaf dish blade profile passage between the insulation barrier on the insulation barrier and second on said first;
Described right electrode assembly comprises on HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck, electrodes base, adapter, sealing baffle, the second auxiliary feed flow module, main feed flow module, the leaf basin work negative electrode, the 3rd insulation barrier on the insulation barrier and the 4th;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck is through adapter connection electrode base; The centre of described electrodes base is provided with the main feed flow module with main supply opening, described main feed flow module be provided with left electrode assembly under the corresponding sealing baffle of sealing guiding gutter on the insulation barrier; The upper right side of described electrodes base is provided with the second auxilliary feed flow module that has auxilliary supply opening, the described second auxilliary feed flow module be provided with left electrode assembly on the corresponding sealing baffle of electrodes base groove that left end is with; Left end at right electrode assembly electrodes base is provided with and the left electrode assembly first auxilliary corresponding sealing baffle of feed flow module groove; And between the electrodes base left end and the second auxilliary feed flow module, be provided with leaf basin work negative electrode, described leaf basin work negative electrode be provided with left electrode assembly blade back work negative electrode on the corresponding sealing baffle of sealing guiding gutter; The left upper end of described electrodes base is provided with insulation barrier on the 3rd, and the upper end of the second auxilliary feed flow module is provided with insulation barrier on the 4th, and forms leaf dish blade profile passage on above-mentioned last the 3rd insulation barrier and the 4th between the insulation barrier.
Described blade back work negative electrode and leaf basin work negative electrode, the corresponding formation cavity of sealing baffle on sealing guiding gutter and the leaf basin work negative electrode on the above-mentioned blade back work negative electrode, this cavity is as electrolyte flow channel.
The liquid outlet edge of described blade back work negative electrode is circular-arc, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.
The liquid outlet edge of described leaf basin work negative electrode is circular-arc, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.
Form leaf dish blade profile passage on said first on the insulation barrier and second on insulation barrier, the 3rd insulation barrier and the 4th between the insulation barrier; Above-mentioned leaf dish blade profile channel surface is a circular arc camber, and its surperficial radian is corresponding with the periphery that processing impeller blade blade tip forms.
Adopt the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile to carry out method for processing, may further comprise the steps:
Advantage of the present invention:
The electrode and the processing method of the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing of a kind of blisk blade profile of the present invention; Vibration Electrolyzed Processing through left and right two electrodes; Accomplish the final machine-shaping of integrated impeller blade profile, working (machining) efficiency can improve 50% with respect to traditional diamond-making technique, reaches no surplus moulding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention electrode structure sketch map;
Wherein: 1-left side electrode assembly; The right electrode assembly of 2-;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the present invention left side electrode structure sketch map;
Wherein: 1-1-HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck; The 1-2-first auxilliary feed flow module; 1-3-blade back work negative electrode; The 1-4-lower baffle plate; The 1-5-electrodes base; The 1-6-adapter; Insulation barrier on the 1-7-first; Insulation barrier on the 1-8-second;
Fig. 3 is the right electrode structure sketch map of an embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein: 2-1-HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck; The 2-2-electrodes base; The 2-3-adapter; The 2-4-sealing baffle; The 2-5-second auxilliary feed flow module; 2-6-master's feed flow module; 2-7-leaf basin work negative electrode; Insulation barrier on the 2-8-the 3rd; Insulation barrier on the 2-9-the 4th;
Fig. 4 is that an embodiment of the present invention electrode profile and electrolyte stream are to sketch map;
Wherein figure (a) is left electrode blade back work negative electrode sketch map; (b) be right electrode leaf basin work negative electrode sketch map;
Fig. 5 is an embodiment of the present invention blisk workpiece and electrode scheme of installation;
Wherein: 3-blisk workpiece; The 4-blade;
Fig. 6 is the processing method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
The prerequisite of the embodiment of the invention is that blade profile surplus basic controlling is at 1 ~ 1.5mm on the basis of adopting electrolysis or additive method to the processing of blisk fluting.Blade profile and unmanageable front and rear edge and runner that the embodiment of the invention is primarily aimed at blisk carry out fine finishining.The embodiment of the invention is based on the precise and tiny vibration electrolysis of the high-frequency narrow-pulse that possesses multiaxis lathe.
As shown in Figure 1, the electrode of the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing of a kind of blisk blade profile, this device comprise left electrode assembly 1 and right electrode assembly 2;
As shown in Figure 2, described left electrode assembly 1 comprises HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck 1-1, the first auxilliary feed flow module 1-2, blade back work negative electrode 1-3, insulation barrier 1-8 on the insulation barrier 1-7 and second on insulation barrier 1-4, electrodes base 1-5, the adapter 1-6, first down;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck 1-1 is through adapter 1-6 connection electrode base 1-5; Be provided with the following insulation barrier 1-4 of band sealing guiding gutter in the middle of the described electrodes base 1-5; The upper right side of described electrodes base 1-5 is provided with the first auxilliary feed flow module 1-2 that has auxilliary supply opening and groove; Left end at described electrodes base 1-5 is provided with groove, between this groove and the first auxilliary feed flow module 1-2, is provided with blade back work negative electrode 1-3, and described blade back work negative electrode 1-3 is provided with the sealing guiding gutter; The left upper end of described electrodes base 1-5 is provided with insulation barrier 1-7 on first; The described first auxilliary feed flow module 1-2 is provided with insulation barrier 1-8 on second, forms leaf dish blade profile passage between the insulation barrier 1-8 on the insulation barrier 1-7 and second on said first;
As shown in Figure 3, described right electrode assembly 2 comprises on HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck 2-1, electrodes base 2-2, adapter 2-3, sealing baffle 2-4, the second auxiliary feed flow module 2-5, main feed flow module 2-6, the leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7, the 3rd insulation barrier 2-9 on the insulation barrier 2-8, the 4th;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck 2-1 is through adapter 2-3 connection electrode base 2-2; The centre of described electrodes base 2-2 is provided with the main feed flow module 2-6 with main supply opening, described main feed flow module 2-6 be provided with 1 time insulation barrier 1-4 of left electrode assembly on the corresponding sealing baffle 2-4 of sealing guiding gutter; The upper right side of described electrodes base 2-2 is provided with the second auxilliary feed flow module 2-5 that has auxilliary supply opening, the described second auxilliary feed flow module 2-5 be provided with left electrode assembly 1 on the corresponding sealing baffle 2-4 of electrodes base 1-5 groove that left end is with; Left end at right electrode assembly 2 electrodes base 2-2 is provided with and the left electrode assembly 1 first auxilliary corresponding sealing baffle 2-4 of feed flow module 1-2 groove; And between the electrodes base 2-2 left end and the second auxilliary feed flow module 2-5, be provided with leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7, described leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7 be provided with left electrode assembly 1 blade back work negative electrode 1-3 on the corresponding sealing baffle 2-4 of sealing guiding gutter; The left upper end of described electrodes base 2-2 is provided with insulation barrier 2-8 on the 3rd; The upper end of the second auxilliary feed flow module 2-5 is provided with insulation barrier 2-9 on the 4th, and forms leaf dish blade profile passage on the insulation barrier 2-8 and the 4th between the insulation barrier 2-9 on the above-mentioned the 3rd.
Described blade back work negative electrode 1-3 and leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7, above-mentioned blade back work negative electrode 1-3 go up the sealing guiding gutter and go up the corresponding formation cavity of sealing baffle with leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7, and this cavity is as electrolyte flow channel.
Shown in Fig. 4 (a), the liquid outlet edge of described blade back work negative electrode 1-3 is circular-arc R, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.Shown in Fig. 4 (b), the liquid outlet edge of described leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7 is circular-arc R, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.Electrolyte is supplied from bottom to top; Electrolyte (16bar), the first auxilliary feed flow module supply opening and the second auxilliary feed flow module supply opening that main supply opening is connected high pressure connected the electrolyte (12bar) of low pressure, between the leaf basin of blade back work negative electrode 1-3 and leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7 and blade 4 and blade back, just has been full of the uniform electrolyte of Flow Field Distribution.
Form leaf dish blade profile passage on said first on the insulation barrier 1-7 and second on insulation barrier 1-8, the 3rd insulation barrier 2-8 and the 4th between the insulation barrier 2-9; Above-mentioned leaf dish blade profile channel surface is a circular arc camber, and its surperficial radian is corresponding with the periphery that processing impeller blade blade tip forms.
As shown in Figure 5; Described left electrode assembly 1, right electrode assembly 2 are through HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck 1-1,2-1; Fast the location and accurately with lathe about two feed motion axle X1, X2 be connected; Blisk workpiece 3 is installed on vertical Z axle rotating disk of lathe, and blade 4 is fed in the cavity between left electrode assembly 1, the right electrode assembly 2, guarantee the relative position of blade 4 and left electrode assembly 1, right electrode assembly 2.
Adopt the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile to carry out method for processing, shown in flow chart 6 figure, may further comprise the steps:
In the embodiment of the invention, between blade back work negative electrode 1-3, leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7 and blade 4, apply voltage 5～25V, pulse 50～1000Hz, electric current hundreds of to up to ten thousand amperes pulse current (size of electric current is according to the size decision of processing processing of leaves area).Primary clearance between blade back work negative electrode 1-3, leaf basin work negative electrode 2-7 and the blade 4 calculates and is optimized according to the actual experiment result, and precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing precision generally can reach 10 μ m.In the process, electrode vibration helps getting rid of the electrolysate of processing district, guarantees that electrolyte is clean, even, thereby improves machining accuracy.
After the processing of accomplishing a vane foil; Left electrode assembly 1, right electrode assembly 2 are axially separated certain distance; Blade 4 is upwards withdrawed between left electrode assembly 1, right electrode assembly 2; Carry out dividing movement (blisk workpiece 3 rotation) to blade next to be processed, and be fed to the cavity between left electrode assembly 1, the right electrode assembly 2, restart processing.The circulation above-mentioned steps is until the processing of accomplishing all vane foils on the blisk.
Claims (6)
1. precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile, it is characterized in that: this device comprises left electrode assembly (1) and right electrode assembly (2); Described left electrode assembly (1) comprises HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck (1-1), the first auxilliary feed flow module (1-2), blade back work negative electrode (1-3), insulation barrier (1-8) on the insulation barrier (1-7) and second on insulation barrier (1-4), electrodes base (1-5), the adapter (1-6), first down;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck (1-1) is through adapter (1-6) connection electrode base (1-5); Be provided with the following insulation barrier (1-4) of band sealing guiding gutter in the middle of the described electrodes base (1-5); The upper right side of described electrodes base (1-5) is provided with the first auxilliary feed flow module (1-2) that has auxilliary supply opening and groove; Left end at described electrodes base (1-5) is provided with groove, between this groove and the first auxilliary feed flow module (1-2), is provided with blade back work negative electrode (1-3), and described blade back work negative electrode (1-3) is provided with the sealing guiding gutter; The left upper end of described electrodes base (1-5) is provided with insulation barrier on first (1-7); The described first auxilliary feed flow module (1-2) is provided with insulation barrier on second (1-8), formation leaf dish blade profile passage between the insulation barrier (1-8) on the insulation barrier (1-7) and second on said first;
Described right electrode assembly (2) comprises on HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck (2-1), electrodes base (2-2), adapter (2-3), sealing baffle (2-4), the second auxiliary feed flow module (2-5), main feed flow module (2-6), the leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7), the 3rd insulation barrier (2-9) on the insulation barrier (2-8) and the 4th;
Wherein, described HSK high-precision hydraulic chuck (2-1) is through adapter (2-3) connection electrode base (2-2); The centre of described electrodes base (2-2) is provided with the main feed flow module (2-6) with main supply opening, and described main feed flow module (2-6) is provided with left electrode assembly (1) and descends the corresponding sealing baffle of sealing guiding gutter (2-4) on the insulation barrier (1-4); The upper right side of described electrodes base (2-2) is provided with the second auxilliary feed flow module (2-5) that has auxilliary supply opening, the described second auxilliary feed flow module (2-5) be provided with left electrode assembly (1) on electrodes base (1-5) the corresponding sealing baffle of groove that left end is with (2-4); Left end at right electrode assembly (2) electrodes base (2-2) is provided with and left electrode assembly (1) the first auxilliary corresponding sealing baffle of feed flow module (1-2) groove (2-4); And between electrodes base (2-2) left end and the second auxilliary feed flow module (2-5), be provided with leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7), described leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7) be provided with left electrode assembly (1) blade back work negative electrode (1-3) on the corresponding sealing baffle of sealing guiding gutter (2-4); The left upper end of described electrodes base (2-2) is provided with insulation barrier on the 3rd (2-8); The upper end of the second auxilliary feed flow module (2-5) is provided with insulation barrier on the 4th (2-9), and forms leaf dish blade profile passage on above-mentioned last the 3rd insulation barrier (2-8) and the 4th between the insulation barrier (2-9).
2. the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described blade back work negative electrode (1-3) and leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7); Above-mentioned blade back work negative electrode (1-3) is gone up the sealing guiding gutter and is gone up the corresponding formation cavity of sealing baffle with leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7), and this cavity is as electrolyte flow channel.
3. the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the liquid outlet edge of described blade back work negative electrode (1-3) is circular-arc, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.
4. the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the liquid outlet edge of described leaf basin work negative electrode (2-7) is circular-arc, and described circular arc degree is corresponding with processing leaf dish runner profile.
5. the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of blisk blade profile according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: form leaf dish blade profile passage on the insulation barrier on said first (1-7) and second on insulation barrier (1-8), the 3rd insulation barrier (2-8) and the 4th between the insulation barrier (2-9); Above-mentioned leaf dish blade profile channel surface is a circular arc camber, and its surperficial radian is corresponding with the periphery that processing impeller blade blade tip forms.
6. adopt the precise and tiny Electrolyzed Processing electrode of the described blisk blade profile of claim 1 to carry out method for processing, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, with blisk workpiece positioning and clamping on lathe Z axle, and the blisk workpiece connected positive source;
Step 2, with left and right electrode respectively through HSK chuck positioning and clamping on lathe X1, X2 two kinematic axis, and connect power cathode; With two low electrolyte of auxilliary supply opening cut-in pressure of left and right electrode, the high electrolyte of main supply opening cut-in pressure of right electrode makes to have certain pressure differential between the main and auxiliary supply opening;
Step 3, leaf dish workpiece and electrode carry out tool setting, confirm the initial relative position and the machining gap of workpiece and electrode, in the cavity about the blade profile that blisk has been slotted is fed between two electrodes;
Step 4, with logical electrolyte, energising between blisk workpiece, two electrodes; Through the relative movement orbit between digital control system control electrode and the workpiece; Through adjustment interelectrode gap, speed, electric current, voltage, pulse frequency, electrode vibration frequency and amplitude parameter, accomplish the processing of integrated impeller blade profile final shaping unit.
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Address after: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee after: Chinese Hangfa Shenyang Liming Aero engine limited liability company Address before: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee before: Liming Aeroplane Engine (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang City |