CN102794486A - Compound tool applicable to high-speed and accurate holing on aircraft panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite cutting tool suitable for high-speed and precise hole making of aircraft wall boards. The tool has a double helical side edge, the helix angle of the side edge is 30°~40°, and the bottom edge is divided into three sections, which are chisel edge, roughing edge and finishing edge. The angle between the two roughing edges is 120°~150°, and the angle between the two finishing edges is 60°~65°. The countersink is connected with the helical side edge, and after the hole is drilled, the tool continues to feed, and the countersink is used to complete the countersink processing. Using the cutting tool of the invention can complete drilling, reaming and countersinking at one time without changing the tool, and the processed surface roughness of the hole reaches Ra1.6.

Description

A Composite Cutter Suitable for High-Speed and Accurate Hole-making in Aircraft Panels

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft assembly, and relates to a compound tool suitable for high-speed and precise hole making of aircraft wall panels.

Background technique

An aircraft is made up of a large number of parts connected by fasteners. In order to connect parts with fasteners, holes must be made in aircraft parts. Holes for fasteners on aircraft require low surface roughness and high precision. Moreover, in order to ensure the smooth outer surface of the aircraft and reduce air resistance, the fastener holes on the outer skin surface of the fuselage and wing must be spot-faced after drilling. After the fastener is inserted into the connecting hole, the nail head and the skin surface flush. In order to meet the accuracy requirements of fastener connecting holes, the current process is to drill the initial hole with a drill bit, then use a large-diameter drill bit to ream the hole, and then use a series of reamers with increasing diameters to ream the holes. The amount of reaming per knife It is about 0.5mm. In this way, each connecting hole needs to be processed many times to complete, and a large amount of tools and processing time are required, the efficiency is low, and there are many factors affecting the accuracy. In addition, with the existing technology, after the connecting hole is processed to meet the diameter requirement, it is necessary to perform spot facing separately, which further increases the amount of tools and reduces the efficiency. And because the connection hole and the taper socket are processed separately, the coaxial accuracy of the hole and the taper socket is affected. The high-speed and precise hole-making compound cutter of the present invention can realize the drilling, reaming and countersinking processing in the existing technology at one time, improves the hole surface precision and processing efficiency, reduces the number of cutters, and improves economic benefits. Moreover, the tool clamping part has a stepped surface, and the stepped surface can locate the position of the countersinking edge of the tool, thereby ensuring the depth of the countersinking dimple. Therefore, when the tool needs to be replaced with a new tool due to tool damage, it can be processed directly without re-determining the zero point of the tool in order to determine the position of the countersink, which further improves the processing efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a compound cutter suitable for high-speed and precise hole-making of aircraft panels.

The composite tool has double helical side edges, helix angle, chisel edge, rough machining edge, finishing edge, countersink edge, transition fillet, tool shank, step positioning surface;

One end of the compound tool body is provided with a countersink, a double helix side edge, and a bottom edge in sequence. The helix angle of the double helix side edge is 30-40°, and the bottom edge is divided into three sections: a chisel edge, a roughing edge and a finishing edge. The angle between the two roughing edges is 120-150°, the angle between the two finishing edges is 60-65°, the double helix side edge and the countersink edge are provided with a transition fillet; the other end of the compound tool body It is provided with a stepped positioning surface and a tool handle.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects:

1) The high-speed and precise hole-making compound tool of the present invention can realize the drilling, reaming and countersinking processing in the existing technology at one time, which improves the surface accuracy of the hole, the coaxiality of the hole and the taper dimple and the processing efficiency, and reduces the cutting tool cost. The dosage improves the economic benefit.

2) The surface roughness of the holes processed by the high-speed and precise hole-making composite tool of the present invention can reach Ra1.6 by one-time drilling, reaming and spot-sinking, which is much higher than the hole-making quality of ordinary tools.

3) The shank of the compound tool for high-speed and precise hole making of the present invention has a stepped surface, which can locate the position of the countersinking edge of the tool, thereby ensuring the depth of the countersinking. Therefore, when the tool needs to be replaced with a new tool due to tool damage, it can be processed directly without re-determining the zero point of the tool in order to determine the position of the countersink, which further improves the processing efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite tool suitable for high-speed and precise hole making of aircraft panels;

Fig. 2 is a K-direction view of the compound tool;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shape of the hole on the workpiece;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the drilling-sinking process of the compound tool installed on the tool handle.

In the figure: double helix side edge 1, helix angle 2, chisel edge 3, roughing edge 4, finishing edge 5, angle between two finishing edges 6, angle between two roughing edges 7 , Countersink 8, transition fillet 9, tool shank 10, step positioning surface 11, workpiece 12, hole 13, cone socket 14, hole wall 15, tool handle 16, end face 17, cone socket depth 18.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 shows the structure of the fastener hole 13 on the workpiece 12, which is composed of a hole wall 15 and a conical socket 14 at the top of the hole. As shown in Figure 3, after the compound tool drills a through hole on the workpiece 12, it continues to feed, and the countersink 8 of the compound tool is used to process the conical dimple 14, and at the same time, the transition circle between the hole wall 15 and the conical dimple 14 is also processed. horn. When the tool needs to be replaced with a new tool due to damage, the position of the countersink 8 can be determined by using the end surface 17 of the handle 16 to locate the step positioning surface 11, thereby ensuring the depth 18 of the taper pocket.

Claims (2)

1. A compound cutting tool suitable for high-speed and precise hole making of aircraft panels, characterized in that it includes double helix side edges (1), helix angle (2), chisel edge (3), roughing edge (4), finishing cutting edge (5), angle between two finishing edges (6), angle between two roughing edges (7), countersinking edge (8), transition fillet (9), tool shank ( 10), step positioning surface (11); One end of the compound tool body is provided with a countersink (8), a double helix side edge (1), and a bottom edge in sequence. The helix angle (2) of the double helix side edge (1) is 30-40°, and the bottom edge is divided into a chisel edge (3), three sections of roughing edge (4) and finishing edge (5), the angle (7) between the two roughing edges is 120-150°, the angle between the two finishing edges ( 6) 60-65°, the double helix side edge (2) and the countersink (8) are provided with a transition fillet (9); the other end of the composite tool body is provided with a step positioning surface (11), a tool handle (10) . 2. A tool as claimed in claim 1, which is suitable for high-speed and precise hole-making method of aircraft wall panels, characterized in that the chisel edge (3) and the rough machining edge (4) complete the hole (13) on the workpiece (12) Rough machining and finishing edge (5) complete the finishing of the hole (13). After drilling through the hole (13), continue to feed the tool and use the countersink (8) to complete the machining of the taper socket (14). During the hole making process, Using the transition fillet (9), a transition fillet will be processed at the transition between the hole wall (15) and the cone (14) to realize instant chamfering; the step is positioned by the end face (17) of the tool holder (16) The positioning surface (11) determines the position of the countersink (8), thereby ensuring the depth of the cone socket (18), so that it is not necessary to re-set the tool when replacing the same type of tool.

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