CN102778687B - A kind of nuclear radiation detector - Google Patents

Abstract

A nuclear radiation detector that can measure the dose and distribution of nuclear radiation. The surface layer of the detector is a special material that shields radiation to reduce the radiation damage of the detector; the front end of the detector has a controllable protective cover, which can be opened when needed to protect the detector from excessive radiation damage; the photoelectric sensor After the radiation information is collected by the CCD, it is sent to the processing chip to calculate the dose of nuclear radiation, and at the same time, the two-dimensional distribution of radiation is displayed on the LCD screen, which is convenient for operation and monitoring. If the set threshold is exceeded, the sensor alarms. At the same time, the memory chip can store the data for later reference, and the USB interface can transmit the data to a PC for further analysis of radiation components.

Description

A nuclear radiation detector

technical field

The invention relates to an instrument for detecting nuclear radiation. In particular, a method that can measure the amount of nuclear radiation is provided, and the dose and distribution of nuclear radiation can be detected.

Background technique

At present, there are not many detectors on the market that can detect nuclear radiation dose and two-dimensional distribution images at the same time. They can be roughly divided into two types. One is traditional radiation measurement instruments, such as gas detectors, scintillation detectors and semiconductor detectors. These detectors are relatively mature in measuring dose, but the efficiency and accuracy of detecting two-dimensional distribution images are not high enough; there is also a nuclear radiation detector that uses photoelectric sensors to collect information, and displays two There are certain advantages in dimensional distribution images, but they need to add conversion devices before the detectors to convert nuclear radiation into visible light, which is then detected by sensors. The conversion efficiency of this method is usually low, and it is difficult to obtain dose information.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the deficiency of the nuclear radiation detector described in the background technology, and provide a high-efficiency detector for detecting the dose and distribution of nuclear radiation.

The invention adopts a photoelectric sensor CCD as a sensor to directly collect nuclear radiation information, which can be converted into numerical dose information and obtain a two-dimensional distribution of nuclear radiation under the action of a processing chip.

Advantage of the present invention has:

(1) It can detect the dose and distribution of nuclear radiation, and increase the memory, which can be directly displayed, or connected to a PC, and the collected information can be used for later spectral analysis and other required operations.

(2) Add special materials for shielding radiation outside the detector.

(3) The operator can set the threshold value according to different occasions, and when the nuclear radiation dose exceeds the threshold value, it can automatically alarm.

(4) The front end of the detector has a controllable protective cover, which can be opened when needed to protect the detector from excessive radiation damage.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of nuclear radiation detector;

Fig. 2 is the side view of nuclear radiation detector;

Fig. 3 is the top view of nuclear radiation detector;

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the nuclear radiation detector.

detailed description

The invention can be used in pharmaceutical factories, laboratories, quarries, metal processing yards and other places; it can also be used to check the pollution of groundwater, stone building materials and nuclear radiation pollution in local areas, etc. The processes implemented in different places are similar. The implementation will be described below by taking the detection of positron ²² Na and the detection of local nuclear leakage as examples.

The surface layer 1 of the radiation detector shell 2 is a special material with the function of shielding nuclear radiation, which reduces the radiation damage of the detector.

(1) Detection of positron ²² Na

At first load onto battery 19, cover the detecting part of detector with hood, hold handle 3, press power switch 7, the protective cover 18 of lens is opened, and detector starts to work. The camera 4 is aimed at the positron source ²² Na, and the electrons irradiate the CCD sensor 5 , and the image can be displayed on the liquid crystal display 12 through the processing circuit 6 . It can be seen that there are bright spots appearing in different positions on the black background on the display screen 12, which is the image of positrons. Press the camera button 8, you can see the random distribution of some bright spots, press the display switch button 10, you can check the dose of radiation on the display screen 12, press the OK button 15, the pictures and dose information are stored in the memory 16, For later viewing. After the detection is completed, press the power switch 7 to turn off the detector. Connect to a computer through the USB interface 17 for later data analysis.

(2) Detection of local nuclear leaks

The radiation detector is taken to the place where leakage may occur, the battery 19 is installed, the power switch 7 is pressed, the protective cover 18 of the lens is opened, and the detector starts to work. Press the button 14 for setting the threshold to start setting the dosage threshold of this occasion, set the threshold by the adjustment buttons 9 and 13, and then observe it through the display screen 12, when the setting is appropriate, press the confirm key 15 to indicate that the setting is completed.

Cover the detection part of the detector with a hood, hold the handle part 3, aim the lens 4 at the position to be detected, the nuclear radiation irradiates the CCD sensor 5, and the image can be displayed on the liquid crystal display 12 through the processing circuit 6. A two-dimensional image of the radiation can be seen on 12 by pressing the capture button 8 . Press the display switch button 10 to view the radiation dose on the display screen 12 , and at this time, press the confirm button 15 to store it in the memory 16 . The data in the memory can be transmitted to a computer for detailed analysis, such as by analyzing the type of radiation and the proportion of various radiation.

If the dose exceeds the set threshold, an indicator light 11 will give an alarm to prompt that the threshold has been exceeded.

When a set of data needs to be measured, the steps are the same as above. After the measurement, turn off the power supply 7 .

If a later detailed comparative analysis is to be carried out, the data can be transmitted to a computer through the USB interface 17 for further analysis by analysis software.

Claims (5)

1. a nuclear radiation detector, internal circuit, by photoelectric sensor CCD, data reading circuit, memorizer, processes Chip, data output circuit, LCDs forms, and described detector is by processing the number of photoelectric sensor CCD output According to carrying out calculation of radiation dose；It is coated with the material of shielded nucleus radiation in described internal circuit outer metallic shell, reduces radiation to instrument Damage；Described memorizer has storage chip, can record the information of detection, can support again the analysis on the pc machine in later stage； It is characterized in that: the duty of Automatic Check-out And Readiness Equipment device, manually set the threshold value of dosage, photoelectricity according to different environmental requirements Sensor CCD can gather the information of radioprotective, passes process chip back by data reading circuit, is shown by display screen The dosage of radiation, exceedes the threshold value automatic alarm of setting, simultaneously with the Two dimensional Distribution image of display screen display radiation, it is simple to really The particular location of fixed radiation, the display of dosage and Two dimensional Distribution image is controlled by display switching push button, and memorizer support is consulted Labor with the later stage.

2., according to the nuclear radiation detector described in claim 1, photoelectric sensor CCD receives radioprotective information, passes to Process chip and carry out data process, the dosage of output radiation, exceed dose threshold value and report to the police, and shown by LCDs The Two dimensional Distribution image of radiation.

3. according to the nuclear radiation detector described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the X-ray in space and gamma-rays spoke Penetrate as entirety, detect its radiation dose and distribution.

4. according to the nuclear radiation detector described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: increase USB interface, memorizer storage light The initial data of electric transducer CCD output and the calculating data of process chip output, memorizer passes through USB interface and computer It is connected, as the data basis of later stage labor.

5. according to the nuclear radiation detector described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: increasing before photoelectric sensor CCD can The device of automatic shutter, opens when needed, and photoelectric sensor CCD starts gather information, it is not necessary to time close, protection Detector.