CN102778400A - Leather performance index testing instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a leather performance index tester, which includes a stepping motor, a reducer, a translation block, a lead screw, and a shaft coupling; a clamping device, a measuring head, a workbench, a displacement sensor, and a pressure sensor; The platform is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the frame, and the clamping device is provided with a measuring head. The upper end of the measuring head is equipped with a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the translation block through the pressure sensor installation platform. The stepping motor drive connection fixed on the upper end of the frame, the side of the translation block is fixedly connected with the reading head, and the displacement sensor corresponding to the reading head is installed on the side of the frame; the stepping motor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor, the reading head and the control system connect. The invention is simple in structure, flexible in use, ensures the reliability of the leather performance index test, realizes the online test of the leather performance index, and can also meet the requirements of specific tests, meet the high efficiency requirements of industrial production, and meet the requirements of industrial production .

Description

Leather performance index tester

technical field

The invention relates to a leather performance index tester, in particular to a computer-based automatic tester capable of measuring various leather performance indexes.

Background technique

Leather performance index is an important index reflecting the quality of leather. At present, the evaluation of leather quality in actual production mainly adopts a relatively traditional method, that is, using experienced inspectors to identify leather quality through senses such as touch. Although this method is convenient, it is too subjective, and there are certain differences in the personal experience of the inspectors, and the evaluation results are easily affected by factors such as working environment and mood.

At present, the theoretical research of the leather performance index tester has a certain foundation, but the prototype design and manufacture of the leather performance index tester are still in its infancy. For example, the leather softness and fullness measurement and grading device designed by Professor Zhang Xiaolei of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology cannot fully meet the requirements of leather performance index testing.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is to provide a leather performance index tester, which is used for the objective measurement of various leather performance indexes, and has a simple structure and is convenient for online operation.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a leather performance index tester, including a motion system, a leather parameter testing system, a control system and a frame, which is characterized in that: the motion system includes a stepping motor, a reducer, a translation block, lead screw, coupling; the leather parameter testing system includes a clamping device for fixing the leather, a measuring head, a workbench, a displacement sensor, and a pressure sensor; the clamping device is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the frame through the workbench, and the There is a measuring head on the device, and a pressure sensor is installed on the upper end of the measuring head. The pressure sensor is installed on the translation block through the pressure sensor installation platform. The side of the translation block is fixedly connected with the reading head, and the side of the frame is equipped with a displacement sensor corresponding to the reading head; the upper and lower positions of the frame are equipped with a limit device, a stepper motor, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, and the connection between the reading head and the control system. Control box connection.

When used for leather bending performance testing, the test bench in the leather clamping device is a bending test bench, and the measuring head used is a bending probe, wherein there is a groove for placing the measured leather roll in the bending testing bench, and the bending probe It is a curved probe with a rectangular base plate.

When being used for leather jacking test, the test bench in the leather clamping device 12 is a jacking test bench, and the measuring head used is a jacking probe, wherein an internal hollow ring is arranged in the jacking test bench, and the leather is clamped on Between the top extension test bench and the workbench, the top extension test bench and the worktable are fixed with screws, and the top extension probe is a top extension probe with a smooth hemispherical end. the

When used for leather compression performance testing, the test bench in the leather clamping device 12 is a compression test bench, and the measuring head used is a compression probe, wherein the surface of the compression test bench is a smooth circular plate, and the leather is placed on the compression test bench. The compression test bench and worktable are fixed with screws, and the compression probe is a compression probe with a circular bottom plate.

The limit device includes an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, and a zero sensor. The upper limit switch and the zero sensor are installed on the upper part of the frame, and the lower limit switch is installed on the lower part of the frame. The zero sensor is composed of a sensor and a sending piece. , the sensor is installed on the upper part of the frame, and corresponds to the upper limit switch, and the sending piece is fixed on the translation block. the

The frame includes a bottom plate, a fixed platform, and a tripod, wherein the tripod is composed of two tripod side panels, a tripod vertical plate, and a tripod bottom plate. The fixed platform is fixed on the bottom plate, and the tripod is fixed on the fixed platform. Mount the motion system on the frame vertical plate of the tripod.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: in the clamping device of the present invention, there are three types of test benches and measuring heads corresponding to each other, which can respectively carry out bending, extension and compression tests on leather. The grating ruler is used to measure the deformation of the leather, the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure value of the leather under a certain deformation, the controller in the control system can automatically analyze the data, and process the data collected by the sensor according to a specific algorithm, and The final measurement result is displayed on the monitor, so ordinary operators can test the performance indicators of the leather online.

The invention is simple in structure, flexible in use, ensures the reliability of the leather performance index test, realizes the online test of the leather performance index, and can also meet the requirements of specific tests, meet the high efficiency requirements of industrial production, and meet the requirements of industrial production .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of leather bending property test of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the test structure of the leather top stretching performance of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the test structure of the leather compression performance of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of installation of a limit device and a zero sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the leather performance index tester of the present invention includes a motion system, a leather parameter testing system, a control system, a frame, and the like.

The motion system includes a stepping motor 3, a reducer 4, a translation block 7, a lead screw 6, and a coupling 5; the leather parameter testing system includes a clamping device 12 for fixing leather, a measuring head 11, a workbench 13, a displacement sensor 8, The reading head 9, the pressure sensor 10; the clamping device 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 16 of the frame through the workbench 13, the clamping device 12 is provided with a probe 11, the upper end of the probe 11 is equipped with a pressure sensor 10, the pressure sensor 10 The pressure sensor mounting table 15 is installed on the translation block 7, the translation block 7 is connected with the stepper motor 3 fixed on the upper end of the frame through the screw 6 and the coupling 5, and the side of the translation block 7 is fixedly connected with the reading head 9, The displacement sensor 8 corresponding to the reading head 9 is installed on the side of the frame; the stepper motor 3, the pressure sensor 10, the displacement sensor 8 and the reading head 9 are connected with the control box 2 of the control system.

The motion system includes a stepper motor 3 that provides power, a reducer 4 that ensures a sufficient and smooth rotational torque, a lead screw 6 that drives the sensor fixing device---the translation block 7 moves up and down, and a coupling that connects the reducer 4 and the lead screw 6 5. The speed reducer 4 decelerates the stepper motor to obtain greater torque, provides sufficient power for the test, and also protects the stepper motor 3 . The precision lead screw 6 improves the accuracy of the test. The coupling 5 connects the reducer 4 and the lead screw 6, which not only ensures the transmission of rotation, but also prevents the impact force from damaging the reducer 4 and the lead screw 6. In addition, there is a computer 1 in Fig. 1 for modifying and downloading programs. Ensure the efficiency of the production line.

The expression principle of leather performance index is represented by three leather mechanical performance models:

，

为弯曲力做功，为弯曲回复力做功（

为力，

为位移）。

为弯曲功、弯曲回复功之和，其值越小说明皮革柔软指标越大。 The index of leather softness is expressed as

,

work for the bending force, Work done for the bending restoring force (

help,

for displacement).

It is the sum of bending work and bending recovery work, the smaller the value, the greater the leather softness index.

，为压缩力做功，

为压缩回复力做功（

为力，为位移）。

为压缩功、压缩回复功之差，其值越小说明皮革丰满指数越大。 The leather fullness indicator is expressed as

, work for the compressive force,

Work done for the compressive restoring force (

help, for displacement).

It is the difference between compression work and compression recovery work, the smaller the value, the greater the leather fullness index.

，

为顶伸力做功，

为顶伸回复力做功（

为力，为位移）。

为顶伸功、顶伸回复功之差，其值越小说明皮革弹性度越大。 The leather elasticity index is expressed as

,

Do work for the jacking force,

Work done for the jacking recovery force (

help, for displacement).

It is the difference between top extension work and top extension recovery work, the smaller the value, the greater the elasticity of the leather.

The leather parameter testing system includes a clamping device 12 for fixing leather, a measuring head 11 required for different testing requirements, a workbench 13, a displacement sensor composed of a displacement sensor 8 and a reading head 9 --- a grating ruler, and a pressure sensor 10. Displacement sensor --- The grating ruler is used to measure the deformation of the leather, the pressure sensor 10 is used to measure the pressure value of the leather under a certain deformation, and the three forms in the clamping device 12 correspond to the three forms in the measuring head 11. , the leather can be tested for bending, stretching and compression respectively. The displacement sensor 8 is fixed on the frame, the reading head 9 is fixed on the translation block 7, the pressure sensor 10 is fixed on the pressure sensor mounting table 15, and the pressure sensor mounting table 15 is also fixed on the translation block 7, the reading head 9 and the pressure sensor The sensor 10 can move synchronously with the translation block 7 to ensure the reliability of the measurement data. Wherein the installation position of the pressure sensor mounting table 15 on the translation block 7 can be adjusted, making the tester more flexible.

The control system includes a computer 1, a controller installed in the control box 2, a stepper motor driver and peripheral circuit components (installed in the control box 2). The controller in this system can automatically analyze the data, process the data collected by the sensor according to a specific algorithm, and display the final measurement result on the display, so that ordinary operators can test the performance indicators of leather online.

It can be understood that in the present invention, the measured data are reliable, and the three measurement methods used are more scientific, which makes the leather property test have trans-epochal significance.

As shown in Figure 2, when being used for the leather bending performance test, the leather clamping device 12 includes a bending test bench 12A, a bending measuring head 11A, wherein the bending testing bench 12A is a bending test bench with a groove, the surface is smooth and flat, and There are screw holes on the side of the bending test bench 12A corresponding to the screw holes on the workbench 13. The workbench 13 is a hollow cavity inside. The leather 14 is rolled into a cylinder with a diameter equal to the width of the groove and placed on the bend test bench 12A. In the groove, the bending probe 11A is a bending probe with a rectangular bottom plate. Under the action of the bending probe 11A, the leather cylinder is deformed as shown in FIG. 2 . The displacement sensor and the grating ruler include a displacement sensor 8 and a reading head 9 and a pressure sensor 10 to respectively collect the displacement and the corresponding pressure value to realize synchronous collection and make the obtained data reliable. And the width of the groove in the bending test bench 12A is a fixed value, that is, the diameter of the tested leather cylinder is a fixed value, so the measured values are highly comparable.

As shown in Fig. 3, when being used for leather top extension performance test, leather clamping device 12 comprises top extension test stand 12B, top extension measuring head 11B, and wherein top extension test stand 12B is an inner hollow ring, and ring There are screw holes on the side corresponding to the screw holes on the workbench 13. The workbench 13 is a hollow cavity inside. The leather 14 is sandwiched between the top extension test bench 12B and the worktable 13, and the top extension test bench is fixed with screws 12B and the workbench 13, so that the leather 14 is fixed, and the top stretching probe 11B is a smooth hemispherical top stretching probe. Under the action of the top stretching probe 11B, the leather is produced as shown in Figure 3 deformation. Displacement sensor --- The grating ruler and the pressure sensor 10 respectively collect the displacement and the corresponding tension value to realize synchronous collection, so that the obtained data is reliable, so the measured values are highly comparable.

As shown in Figure 4, when being used for leather compression performance test, leather holding device 12 comprises compression test stand 12C, compression measuring head 11C, and wherein compression test stand 12C is a disc with smooth surface, and there are screw on the side of disc. The holes correspond to the screw holes on the workbench 13. The workbench 13 is a hollow cavity inside. The leather 14 is placed on the compression test bench 12C, and the compression test bench 12C and the workbench 13 are fixed with screws. The compression probe 11C is With a compression probe with a circular bottom plate, under the action of the compression probe 11C, the leather is deformed as shown in FIG. 4 . Displacement sensor---The grating ruler and the pressure sensor 10 respectively collect the displacement and the corresponding pressure value to realize synchronous collection, so that the obtained data is reliable, so the measured values are highly comparable. Compared with other two-phase tests, the pressure value required for the compression test is the largest, and the compression test bench 12C and the worktable 13 must be fixed with screws to prevent the compression test bench 12C from slipping, which ensures the stability of the measurement system and the reliability of the measurement. It also ensures the safety of the operator.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the limit device of the present invention includes an upper limit switch 18 , a lower limit switch 19 and a zero sensor 20 . Upper limit switch 18 and zero sensor 20 are installed on the top of frame, and lower limit switch 19 is installed on the bottom of frame.

The limit switch functions as the upper and lower limit to prevent the machine from being damaged. Figure 6 only shows the upper limit switch, and the installation position of the lower limit switch can refer to Figure 1. The zero sensor 20 includes two parts: the sensor 20A and the sending piece 20B. When the tester is powered on and started, the controller controls the stepper motor 3 to rotate and drives the translation block 7 to move upward, and the sending piece 20B moves upward along with the translation block 7 , when the sending chip 20B is fully inserted into the sensor 20A, the zero sensor 20 sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the stepper motor 3 to reverse, and the instrument enters the normal working state.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the frame includes a bottom plate 16 , a fixed platform 17 , and a tripod 21 . Wherein the tripod 21 is made up of two tripod side plates 21A, a tripod vertical plate 21B, and a tripod bottom plate 21C. The fixed table 17 is installed on the base plate 16 and fixed with countersunk screws. The tripod is fixed on the fixed platform 17 and fixed with countersunk screws. The four parts of the tripod are spliced as shown in Figure 6 and fixed with countersunk screws. The motion system is installed on the vertical plate 21B of the tripod and fixed with countersunk screws, and its installation position can be adjusted up and down to meet the requirements of specific tests.

It can be seen from the above description that the present invention is simple in structure, flexible in use, ensures the reliability of the leather performance index test, realizes the online test of the leather performance index, and can also meet the requirements of specific tests and the high efficiency of industrial production. Requirements, in line with the requirements of industrial production.

Claims (6)

1. A leather performance index tester, comprising a motion system, a leather parameter testing system, a control system and a frame, is characterized in that: the motion system includes a stepper motor (3), a speed reducer (4), a translation block ( 7), lead screw (6), coupling (5); the leather parameter testing system includes a clamping device (12) for fixing leather, a measuring head (11), a workbench (13), and a displacement sensor (8) , the pressure sensor (10); the clamping device (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (16) of the frame through the workbench (13), and the clamping device (12) is provided with a measuring head (11), and the measuring head (11 ) is equipped with a pressure sensor (10) on the upper end, and the pressure sensor (10) is installed on the translation block (7) through the pressure sensor installation platform (15), and the translation block (7) passes through the lead screw (6) and the coupling (5) It is connected with the stepper motor (3) fixed on the upper end of the frame, the side of the translation block (7) is fixedly connected with the reading head (9), and the side of the frame is equipped with a displacement sensor (8) corresponding to the reading head (9). ; Limiting devices are installed on the upper and lower positions of the frame, and the stepping motor (3), pressure sensor (10), displacement sensor (8) and reading head (9) are connected with the control box (2) of the control system. 2. The leather performance index tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: when used for leather bending performance testing, the test bench in the leather clamping device (12) is a bending test bench (12A), and the test bench used The head (11) is a bending measuring head (11A), wherein there is a groove for placing the roll of leather (14) to be tested in the bending test table (12A), and the bending measuring head (11A) is a bending measuring head (11A) with a rectangular bottom plate. Probe. 3. The leather performance index tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: when used for leather jacking performance testing, the test bench in the leather clamping device (12) is a jacking test bench (12B), The measuring head (11) used is the top extension measuring head (11B), wherein an internal hollow ring is arranged in the top extension test stand (12B), and the leather (14) is clamped between the top extension test stand (12B) and the workbench ( 13), and fix the extension test bench (12B) and the workbench (13) with screws, and the extension measurement head (11B) is a top extension measurement head with a smooth hemispherical end. 4. The leather performance index tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: when used for leather compression performance testing, the test bench in the leather clamping device (12) is a compression test bench (12C), and the test bench used The head (11) is a compression measuring head (11C), wherein the surface of the compression test bench (12C) is a smooth circular plate, the leather (14) is placed on the compression test bench (12C), and the compression test bench (12C) is fixed with screws As with the workbench (13), the compression probe (11C) is a compression probe with a circular base plate. 5. The leather performance index tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limit device includes an upper limit switch (18), a lower limit switch (19), a zero sensor (20), an upper limit switch ( 18) and the zero sensor (20) are installed on the upper part of the frame, and the lower limit switch (19) is installed on the lower part of the frame. The zero sensor (20) is composed of a sensor (20A) and a sending piece (20B). The sensor (20A) is contained in the top of the frame, and corresponds to the upper limit switch (18), and the sending piece (20B) is fixed on the translation block (7). 6. The leather performance index tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame includes a bottom plate (16), a fixed platform (17), and a tripod (21), wherein the tripod 21 consists of two tripods Side plate (21A), a tripod vertical plate (21B), a tripod bottom plate (21C) is formed, and fixed platform (17) is fixed on the bottom plate (16), and tripod 21 is fixed on the fixed platform (17), Mount the kinematic system on the frame vertical plate (21B) of the tripod.

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