A kind of preparation method of m-aminophenyl acetylene
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of m-aminophenyl acetylene, belong to organic synthesis and prepare chemical field.
Background technology
M-aminophenyl acetylene has another name called 3-acetylene aniline, is a kind of high-grade resin in fields such as synthetic Aeronautics and Astronautics, military affairs and important intermediate of synthesizing new cancer therapy drug (erlotinib) of being used for.The compound method that document is introduced m-aminophenyl acetylene mainly contains following several kinds.
One, a halogenated nitrobenzene is a starting raw material
As being raw material with a bromo nitrobenzene; Through dihydroxypropyl alkynes (or trimethyl silicane) the generation linked reaction of palladium-containing catalyst catalysis with the band protection; After hydro-reduction; Deprotection gets m-aminophenyl acetylene, and this route need be used expensive palladium reagent and protection reagent, and reaction conditions is unfavorable for industry's enlarging production than harshness.Be that raw material also exists above-mentioned unfavorable factor similarly with m-bromoaniline, an iodo oil of mirbane.(EP?2433931;PCT?2009009778;?UP20060224016;
Org.?Bio.?Chem.,?
2003,?
1:?4441-4450;
Beilstein?J.?Org.?Chem.,?
2011,?
7:?426-431)
Two,
α,
β-dihalo thing alkalescence is eliminated preparation alkynes
With
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid is a raw material, through alkaline condition eliminate down react m-nitrobenzene acetylene, and after reduce m-aminophenyl acetylene.Although this route looks economically feasible, the method for bibliographical information exists and eliminates the difficult control of side reaction at present, by product many and need utilize microwave promote effects limit such as the dehalogenation reaction industriallization of this route use (
Huaxue Shijie,
2011,
52: 423-426;
Chem. Lett.,
2005,
34: 28-29;
Tetrahedron Lett.,
2011,
52: 2394-2396;
Tetrahedron,
2005,
61: 4043-4052).
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to solve the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, and a kind of preparation method of m-aminophenyl acetylene is provided, and promptly adopts under the weak basic condition
α,
β-dihalo thing is eliminated the method for preparing alkynes, makes through the weak extinction of flame condition
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) elimination of propionic acid generation selectivity; Then strengthening alkaline condition impels it that reaction takes place to eliminate fully to avoid production of by-products; And then the yield of raising target compound m-aminophenyl acetylene, the preparation method of this m-aminophenyl acetylene is the method that a kind of gentleness is efficient, simple to operate and industriallization is feasible.
Technical scheme of the present invention
A kind of preparation method of m-aminophenyl acetylene, its preparation process specifically comprises the steps:
(1), be starting raw material with the m-nitrobenzaldehyde, in alcohol solvent, obtain m-nitro-cinnamic acid after through basic catalyst catalyzing and condensing, depickling with propanedioic acid;
Described basic catalyst is triethylamine, piperidines or pyridine;
M-nitrobenzaldehyde and propanedioic acid condensation reaction in the above-mentioned steps; Proportion of raw materials is calculated in molar ratio; Be the midbody nitrobenzaldehyde: propanedioic acid: basic catalyst is 1:1.1 ~ 1.5:0.3 ~ 0.5, and preferred 1:1.1:0.3 is under the normal pressure; The temperature of control condensation reaction is at 80-85 ℃, and the reaction times is 8-10h;
(2), the m-nitro-cinnamic acid of step (1) gained in acetum through liquid bromine temperature control at 50-55 ℃, and the rate of addition of control liquid bromine is kept 30min-1h and is carried out bromination reaction, obtains
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid;
M-nitro-cinnamic acid that above-mentioned bromination reaction is used and liquid bromine calculate in molar ratio, i.e. m-nitro-cinnamic acid: the liquid bromine is 1:1.01 ~ 1.05, preferred 1:1.01;
(3), step (2) gained
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid in organic solvent under the reflux conditions through weak base NaHCO
3Catalyzed reaction control 8 ~ 10h makes (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane;
Above-mentioned used weak base is yellow soda ash or sodium hydrogencarbonate, preferred sodium hydrogencarbonate;
Described organic solvent is acetone, ethanol or acetonitrile;
Above-mentioned reaction process is used
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid, weak base NaHCO
3Calculate in molar ratio, promptly
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid: weak base NaHCO
3Be 1:3 ~ 4, preferred 1:3;
Above-mentioned steps is sloughed through the weak base base catalysis in (3)
β position halogen bromineThe time, slough a part carbonic acid gas, but owing to weakly alkaline is not enough to make
The cancellation of α position, thereforeMake i.e. (Z)-1-(2-bromine the ethene)-3-oil of mirbane of single bromo-derivative;
(4), (Z)-1-(2-bromine the ethene)-3-oil of mirbane of step (3) gained under ethanol/highly basic sodium hydroxide system, controlled temperature is at 35-40 ℃ of reaction 2-2.5h, catalysis is eliminated the unit molecule bromine and is got an alkynyl oil of mirbane;
The above-mentioned highly basic that adopts is Pottasium Hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or sodium hydrogen, preferred sodium hydroxide;
Above-mentioned (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane and highly basic NaOH calculate in molar ratio, i.e. (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane: weak base NaOH is 1:1.5 ~ 2, preferred 1:1.5;
(5), step (4) gained between alkynyl oil of mirbane through iron powder, after in the presence of ammonium chloride, reducing,, collect the cut under 91-93 ℃ (2mmHg), final m-aminophenyl acetylene again through the rectifying purifying;
Above-mentioned iron powder reducing method can adopt palladium carbon hydrogenating reduction or tin protochloride method of reducing to substitute, but preferred iron powder reducing.
In the above-mentioned preparation process, improve for making title product m-aminophenyl acetylene yield, whole preparation feedback process is carried out having under the protection of inert gas condition.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention compares with the compound method of existing preparation m-nitrobenzene acetylene, has following advantage:
The preparation method of a kind of m-aminophenyl acetylene of the present invention is a starting raw material with the m-nitrobenzaldehyde, and used raw material is easy to get and is cheap, and synthesis technique is simple, and therefore midbody separate easily and purifying have the low characteristics of production cost.
Further, the preparation method of a kind of m-aminophenyl acetylene of the present invention is because the intermediate product of gained in the preparation process
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid gets (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane through weak base catalysis earlier; And then highly basic condition catalysis elimination unit molecule bromine gets an alkynyl oil of mirbane; Therefore not only can realize the elimination reaction of highly selective and then suppress production of by-products; Improve the yield of principal product, and have the characteristics of preparation process reaction mild condition.
Further, the preparation method of a kind of m-aminophenyl acetylene of the present invention, because to have synthetic route simple, reaction conditions is gentle, therefore the raw material low and target product yield advantages of higher of cost that is easy to get is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings
The preparing method's of Fig. 1, a kind of m-aminophenyl acetylene reaction process synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below through concrete embodiment and combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is further set forth, but do not limit the present invention.
Raw material and reagent (analytical pure) used in the various embodiments of the present invention are all purchased in Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group.
It is Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400 MHz) instrument that the nuclear-magnetism of midbody and target compound detects used instrument.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of m-aminophenyl acetylene; The reaction process synoptic diagram of its preparation method is as shown in Figure 1; Promptly be starting raw material, at first in alcohol solvent, carry out condensation through the catalysis of basic catalyst pyridine with propanedioic acid with the m-nitrobenzaldehyde; Decarboxylation obtains m-nitro-cinnamic acid, so again in acetum bromination get
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid; The back is through decarboxylation of weak base sodium hydrogencarbonate and selective debromination; Make (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane; After make an alkynyl oil of mirbane through the complete debrominate of highly basic sodium hydroxide again, after iron powder reducing and further rectifying purifying promptly get m-aminophenyl acetylene.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of m-aminophenyl acetylene specifically comprises the steps:
(1), reflux condensing tube is being housed, temperature is taken into account and is added 250mL95% ethanol and 25ml pyridine in the 1L there-necked flask of electric mixer, stirs adding 151g (1mol) m-nitrobenzaldehyde and 115g (1.1mol) propanedioic acid down; Heat temperature raising, 80 ℃ of temperature of reaction, and keep stirring 6h under this temperature; Stop heating, cool to room temperature, suction filtration; The filter cake oven dry promptly gets the m-nitro-cinnamic acid of 155g, and its yield is 80%;
The m-nitro-cinnamic acid of above-mentioned gained, through nuclear-magnetism measure (Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400MHz) data are following:
1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO): δ 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.23 (d, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.72 (dd, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 6.72 (d, 1H);
(2), reflux condensing tube is being housed, temperature is taken into account the Glacial acetic acid min. 99.5 that adds 500g in the 2L there-necked flask of electric mixer and the m-nitro-cinnamic acid of 193g (1mol) step (1) gained, is heated to 50 ℃; (161.6g 1.01mol), controls slowly dropping in this reaction system, to drip bromine; And make temperature of reaction system be no more than 60 ℃; Get red transparent liquid after adding, insulated and stirred 6h is cooled to room temperature and obtains reaction mixture;
The above-mentioned reaction mixture that obtains in the water of going into 2Kg, is filtered, filter cake is washed with 2*500ml, white solid, dry 326.5g
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid, its yield is 92.5%;
Above-mentioned gained
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid, through nuclear-magnetism measure (Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400MHz) data are following:
1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO): δ 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.19 (dd, 2H), 7.70 (t, 1H), 5.80 (d, 1H), 5.49 (d, 1H);
(3), reflux condensing tube is being housed, temperature takes into account and adds 700g acetone in the 2L there-necked flask of electric mixer, adds step (2) gained then respectively
α,
β-two bromo-3-(3 '-nitrophenyl) propionic acid (353g, 1mol) and sodium hydrogencarbonate (252g, 3mol), reflux; Slowly have a large amount of white solids to produce, tail off gradually along with reaction continues solid, about 8h, normal pressure steam and remove acetone; In flask, add 400g toluene and 500g water, suction filtration, anhydrate filtrating branch; With 200g washing one time, organic phase removes (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane that solvent gets 216g, yield 94.7% under reduced pressure to organic phase again;
Through nuclear-magnetism measure (Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400 MHz) data are following:
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl
3): δ 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.17 (m, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H), 7.56 (t, 1H), 7.14 (d, 1H), 6.64 (d, 1H);
(4), reflux condensing tube is being housed, temperature is taken into account 90% the ethanol that adds 300g in the 2L there-necked flask of electric mixer, adds sodium hydroxide (60g then; 1.5mol) dissolve 35~40 ℃ of back insulations, in the 1L beaker, join (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane (228g, 90% ethanol (300g) solution 1mol) of step (3) gained in addition; Then the ethanolic soln of (Z)-1-(2-bromine ethene)-3-oil of mirbane is dropped in the reaction system of there-necked flask of 2L fast, stir 2h, have solid to separate out at 35~40 ℃; Add 700g water and 400g methylene dichloride after being cooled to room temperature, collect organic phase, water is used the 50g dichloromethane extraction one time again; Merge organic phase, with the 200g washing, remove methylene dichloride under reduced pressure again; 137g between alkynyl oil of mirbane, its yield 93%;
Alkynyl oil of mirbane between above-mentioned gained, through nuclear-magnetism measure (Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400MHz) data are following:
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl
3): δ 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.52 (t, 1H), 3.22 (s, 1H);
(5), reflux condensing tube is being housed, temperature is taken into account and is added 200g water, ammonium chloride (7.35g in the 2L there-necked flask of electric mixer; 5%) and reduced iron powder (168g, 3mol), be warmed up to after 75 ℃ the control drop rate and be 1ml/min add step (4) gained between alkynyl oil of mirbane (147g; Ethanol 1mol) (300g) solution, exothermic heat of reaction keeps refluxing; Drip the insulation of complete back to reaction end (TLC trace point plate), press filtration while hot, filter cake is washed with 100g water and 100g ethanol respectively; Solvent evaporated gets garnet m-aminophenyl acetylene bullion 105g, its yield 90%;
The direct rectifying purifying of the m-aminophenyl acetylene bullion of above-mentioned gained is collected the cut under 91-93 ℃ (2mmHg), get the m-aminophenyl acetylene of 99.8g, its yield 95%, purity is 99.9%.
(Siemens Brucker AM 400 (400MHz) data are following: NMR (400MHz, CDCl through nuclear-magnetism mensuration for the m-aminophenyl acetylene of above-mentioned gained
3): δ 7.11 (t, 1H), 6.92 (m, 1H), 6.83 (t, 1H), 6.62 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 3.06 (s, 1H).
The above content is merely the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.