CN102771210A - Reciprocating shovel type cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to agricultural tillage land operation machinery, especially a reciprocating shovel tillage machine, comprising a frame, a gearbox arranged on the frame, a depth-limiting wheel arranged at the front end of the frame through a depth-limiting wheel frame, a device The pressing wheel and blade at the rear end of the frame, and the output end of the transmission drive are connected to a camshaft arranged transversely on the frame, two cams are arranged symmetrically on the camshaft, and two upper ends are set on the frame through guide grooves. Corresponding to the two camshafts and the sliding rods inclined at an angle of 45° to 90° to the ground in the forward direction, the lower end of the sliding rods is provided with the blade. While the cultivator is moving forward, the shovel reciprocates at a certain angle with the ground, cutting and tilting without turning the soil or destroying the soil layer, so as to loosen the soil and cut the bottom of the pear, so as to overcome the current common The existing mechanized farming method has the defect of destroying the soil layer.

Description

Reciprocating shovel tiller

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural tillage machine, in particular to a shovel tiller.

Background technique

Due to long-term natural factors and unreasonable production and management activities, the soil erosion of the black soil in Northeast China has become increasingly serious. If no effective control is taken, most of the black soil layer in the black soil area will disappear if it is allowed to develop.

The commonly used mechanized farming method in the black soil area of Northeast China is to sow stubble on ridges, and some areas still use the cultivation method of flattening and then ridge forming in the 1960s. The former uses stubble breakers and intertillage ridge machines And the seeder is completed, the latter is to use plows, harrows, pressure rollers, and cultivator seeders to complete the sowing, and then use the cultivator to go out of the ridge body in 2 to 3 times. Both of the above two cultivation methods require multiple operations, and the soil needs to be turned, the soil layer is destroyed, and the cover on the ground surface is eliminated, which is easy to cause wind erosion of the surface soil. , so that the bottom of the plow becomes shallow, affecting ventilation and water penetration and crop rooting and growth.

The conservation tillage method that has been demonstrated and popularized since 2000, in addition to the model of returning straw to the field for mulching in some areas, most areas adopt the mode of leaving (high) stubble to fix the soil, and many areas use (ridge) furrow (ridge) The planting mode of alternating terraces, without turning the soil, without disturbing the plow layer, and better preserving the stubble vegetation on the surface is the goal of conservation tillage. The present invention imitates the action of manually cutting the soil with a shovel, the soil is tilted without turning, and the soil cutting shovel is basically pulled out according to the insertion direction, that is, reciprocating movement is made at the cutting soil, so as to loosen the soil and cut the plow bottom layer. Without turning the soil, the effect of the surface cover of the cultivated layer is still retained, and the conservation tillage is realized.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a new type of reciprocating shovel tiller. When the tiller advances, the shovel reciprocates at a certain angle with the ground, cutting and tilting without turning the soil or destroying it. layer, to achieve the purpose of loosening the soil and cutting the pear bottom layer, so as to overcome the defect of destroying the soil layer in the mechanized farming method commonly used at present.

The reciprocating shovel tiller of the present invention comprises a frame, a gearbox arranged on the frame, a depth-limiting wheel arranged at the front end of the frame through a depth-limiting wheel frame, a pressing wheel and a blade arranged at the rear end of the frame, and The output end of the gearbox is driven and connected to a camshaft arranged transversely on the frame, two cams are arranged symmetrically on the camshaft, and two upper ends are set on the frame through guide grooves respectively corresponding to the two camshafts . A slide bar inclined at an angle of 45° to 90° to the ground in the forward direction, and the lower end of the slide bar is provided with the blade.

The cam is disk-shaped, designed for simple harmonic motion, with a lift of 230mm, the blade moves twice in one rotation of the cam, the thrust angle is 135°, the return angle is 45°, the base circle radius of the cam is 115mm, and the thrust pressure angle is 30°.

The spatula is tri-pointed, the blade angle of each tip is 60°-78°, the edge angle is 12°-15°, and the spatula is 150mm wide.

When the reciprocating shovel tiller of the present invention is used to plow the land, the shovel reciprocates at a certain angle with the ground to cut and tilt the soil without disturbing the soil layer, so as to achieve the purpose of loosening the soil and cutting the bottom of the pear. It effectively overcomes the defect of destroying the soil layer in the currently commonly used mechanized tillage method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the reciprocating shovel tiller of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the highest and lowest positions of the blade when the cam rotates one revolution;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the blade (10) shown in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The structure of the cultivator of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments provided with accompanying drawings.

With reference to Fig. 1, 2, a kind of reciprocating shovel tillage machine, comprises frame 4, the gearbox 5 that is arranged on frame 4, the depth-limiting wheel 1 that is arranged on the front end of frame 4 by depth-limiting wheel frame 2, sets The pressing wheel 11 and the blade 10 at the rear end of the frame 4 drive and connect a camshaft 12 that is horizontally arranged on the frame at the output end of the gearbox 5, and two cams 6 are symmetrically arranged on the camshaft 12. The frame 4 is provided with two upper ends corresponding to the two camshafts 12 through guide grooves, and is a slide bar 7 inclined at an angle of 45° to 90° to the ground in the forward direction, and the lower end of the slide bar 7 is provided with the blade 10. The automatic return of the sliding rod 7 is realized by a spring 8 whose two ends are respectively arranged on the frame 4 and the sliding rod 7 .

The cam 6 is disc-shaped, designed as a simple harmonic motion, with a lift of 230mm, the blade moves twice when the cam rotates once, the thrust angle is 135°, the return angle is 45°, the base circle radius of the cam is 115mm, and the thrust pressure The angle is 30°. As shown in Figure 3, the cam rotates once and the blade moves twice.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the spatula 10 is tri-pointed, the blade angle of each blade tip is 60° to 78°, the blade angle is 12° to 15°, and the spatula is 150mm wide.

A rolling bearing is arranged on the upper end of the sliding rod 7 to reduce friction.

The depth-limiting wheel 1 is installed in the depth-limiting wheel frame 2, and is tightened with tightening bolts. The depth-limiting wheel frame 2 is fixed on the front beam of the frame through U-shaped bolts 9, one on the left and one on the left, and the height is adjustable to control the plowing. deep.

The pressing wheel 11 is fixed on the back beam of the frame 4 by the U-shaped bolt 9, which can further crush and compact the cultivated land in front, so as to improve the water storage capacity of the soil.

Gear box 5, first of all, is to reduce the speed, reduce the speed of the tractor power output shaft (such as 540rpm) to the speed of the camshaft (160 ~ 300rpm), followed by power transmission and reversing, the power output shaft is rotated around the vertical axis, through The bevel gear transmission of the gearbox becomes the rotation around the horizontal axis perpendicular to the forward direction, and the power is transmitted to the camshaft at the same time.

The reciprocating shovel tiller works under the drag of the tractor, and the input shaft of the gearbox on the tiller is connected with the power output shaft of the tractor through the universal coupling 3 . When the reciprocating shovel tiller advances, the shovel 10 and the ground are reciprocated at an angle of 45° to 90° toward the advancing direction to cut the soil, so as to loosen the soil and cut the bottom of the plow.

Claims (5)

1. A reciprocating shovel tiller, comprising a frame (4), a gearbox (5) arranged on the frame (4), a gear box arranged on the front end of the frame (4) by a depth-limiting wheel frame (2). The depth gauge wheel (1), the pressing wheel (11) and the blade (10) arranged at the rear end of the frame (4) are characterized in that: the output end of the gearbox (5) is driven and connected to a horizontally arranged machine The camshaft (12) on the frame, on the camshaft (12), two cams (6) are symmetrically arranged, and two upper ends are respectively set corresponding to the two camshafts (12) by guide grooves on the frame (4). ), a slide bar (7) inclined at an angle of 45° to 90° with the ground, and the lower end of the slide bar (7) is provided with the blade (10). 2. The reciprocating shovel tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sliding rod is realized by a spring (8) whose two ends are respectively arranged on the described frame (4) and the sliding rod (7). (7) automatic return. 3. The reciprocating shovel tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cam (6) is disc-shaped, designed as a simple harmonic motion, with a lift of 230mm, and the blade moves twice after one rotation of the cam , The thrust angle is 135°, the return angle is 45°, the cam base circle radius is 115mm, and the thrust pressure angle is 30°. 4. The reciprocating shovel tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that a rolling bearing is arranged on the upper end of the sliding rod (7) to reduce friction. 5. The reciprocating shovel tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that, the blade (10) is tri-pointed, and the blade angle of each blade tip is 60° to 78°, and the blade The angle is 12°～15°, and the blade width is 150mm.

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