CN102765785A - 一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置和方法 - Google Patents
一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置和方法，所述的装置包括脉冲液相放电等离子发生器、气体鼓泡装置，所述的气体鼓泡装置用于向装置内的液体介质中鼓泡从而在液体介质中增加等离子体自由基的发生源物质，增强气液混合；所述脉冲液相放电等离子发生器用于在气液混合物中产生等离子体自由基活性物质与瞬态能量。本发明利用放电中产生的自由基基活性物质与瞬态能量对污水中的细菌和病毒进行杀灭，从而实现污水的高效处理，同时本发明对污水的处理方法消耗的能量低，设备简单容易维护。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置和方法。
背景技术
我国水污染状况目前相当严重，近几年来，工业废水和生活污水每天排放量近1.64亿吨，其中80％未经严格处理直接排入江河水域；全国1700条大河流近10万公里的河段中，近1/2河段受到污染，1/10河段被严重污染；90%以上的城市水域受到污染。另一方面，我国是世界上水资源严重短缺的国家之一，要用占世界6%的水去养活占世界20%的人，我国的人均饮用水拥有量仅为世界平均水平的1/4。因此，大力推进我国水质净化，迫在眉睫。饮用水安全的关键首先在于污染源的控制，其中污水废水的有机污染物及杀毒灭菌等的控制成为关键，国家亦相继出台《中华人民共和国污水综合排放标准》、《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》、《城市污水处理厂污水污泥排放标准》等国家标准。
污水的消毒灭菌一般是水质净化的最后一道工序。常用的污水处理消毒工艺有卤素消毒(如氯气、二氧化氯) 、氧化剂消毒(如臭氧、过氧乙酸) 、辐射消毒(如紫外线) 。在上述常用污水消毒技术中，或产生有毒的消毒副产物，存在“三致”物质，对人类和水生生物会产生长期毒性影响；或现场制取设备复杂，投资大、成本较高、设备管理复杂等；紫外线技术则存在光复合细菌再生问题、石英套管的污垢膜问题、大功率长寿命石英管的价格及高昂维护费问题、紫外光透射率问题、设备电耗较大等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置和方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：
一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，包括脉冲液相放电等离子发生器、气体鼓泡装置，所述的气体鼓泡装置用于向装置内的液体介质中鼓泡从而在液体介质中增加等离子体自由基的发生源物质，增强气液混合；所述脉冲液相放电等离子发生器用于在气液混合物中产生等离子体自由基活性物质与瞬态能量。
所述的脉冲液相放电等离子发生器包括放电电源与放电极。
所述的放电电源为脉冲电源。
所述的放电极的形状包括圆柱体、球体、线-板。
一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的方法，包括以下步骤：使用气体鼓泡装置向液体介质中鼓泡从而在液体介质中形成气液混合态，再利用脉冲液相放电等离子发生器在气液混合物中放电产生等离子体自由基活性物质与瞬态能量，通过利用等离子体自由基活性物质以及瞬态能量对污水进行杀毒和灭菌。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明利用放电中产生的自由基以及瞬态能量对污水中的细菌和病毒进行杀灭，从而实现污水的高效消毒灭菌，同时本发明的处理方法消耗的能量低，设备简单容易维护。
附图说明
图1是本发明的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图 1所示，一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，包括进水口1、放电电源2，放电极3，空压机5，气体鼓泡装置6，接地7、出水口4、容器8，其中，放电极3由上放电极31、下放电极32构成，上放电极31与下放电极32之间的间距为0.5 mm，材质为不锈钢圆棒。空压机5与气体鼓泡装置6连通，气体鼓泡装置6设置在容器8的底部，同时其位于下放电极32的下部，放电极与放电电源2连接，放电电源采用脉冲电源：220V（AC），50Hz，脉冲峰值电压3.7kV。
待处理的污水：电导率为289μs，粪大肠杆菌98000个/L。
处理的步骤为：污水从进水口1输入容器中，容器中的污水量达一定量（50L 为例），通过空压机5向气体鼓泡装置6中输入空气（输入流量为3L/min），鼓泡装置6在液体中产生大量的气泡，同时开启放电电源，处于液体中的上放电极31与下放电极32之间进行放电，在气液混合物中产生自由基，同时结合放电过程中产生的瞬态能量（包括放电中产生的紫外光、冲击波）对污水中的细菌病毒进行杀灭，经过连续4min的处理，粪大肠杆菌降至小于680个/L，出水中粪大肠杆菌达到一级A出水标准(GB18918-2002)。完成处理后的水可通过出水口4放出。
本发明中，所用的气体鼓泡装置即为专利申请号为“201110165898.4”中所述的微泡发生装置。
Claims (5)
1.一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，包括脉冲液相放电等离子发生器、气体鼓泡装置，其特征在于：所述的气体鼓泡装置用于向装置内的液体介质中鼓泡从而在液体介质中增加等离子体自由基的发生源物质，增强气液混合；所述脉冲液相放电等离子发生器用于在气液混合物中产生等离子体自由基活性物质与瞬态能量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，其特征在于：所述的脉冲液相放电等离子发生器包括放电电源与放电极。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，其特征在于：所述的放电电源为脉冲电源。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的装置，其特征在于：所述的放电极的形状包括圆柱体、球体、线-板。
5.一种脉冲液相放电等离子污水灭菌消毒的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：使用权利要求1中所述的气体鼓泡装置向液体介质中鼓泡从而在液体介质中形成气液混合态，再利用权利要求1中所述的脉冲液相放电等离子发生器在气液混合物中放电产生等离子体自由基活性物质与瞬态能量，通过利用等离子体自由基活性物质以及瞬态能量对污水进行杀毒和灭菌。
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