CN102759769B - Phase plate for wavefront coding imaging and bandwidth-tunable wavefront coding system - Google Patents
Phase plate for wavefront coding imaging and bandwidth-tunable wavefront coding system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于波前编码成像的相位板以及带宽可调波前编码系统，该相位板的相位分布函数由具有相对位移量的两个3阶幂函数叠加而成，其一维函数表达式为：f＝α·(x+c)3+α·(x+d)3。本发明提供了一种可有效扩大系统景深、可改变系统成像带宽的作用、能够有效降低频谱混叠对成像质量的影响以及可对波前编码成像技术潜在应用能力有进一步发掘的用于波前编码成像的相位板以及带宽可调波前编码系统。
The invention relates to a phase plate used for wavefront encoding imaging and a wavefront encoding system with adjustable bandwidth. The phase distribution function of the phase plate is formed by superposition of two third-order power functions with relative displacement, and its one-dimensional function expression The formula is: f=α·(x+c) 3 +α·(x+d) 3 . The present invention provides a wavefront coding system that can effectively expand the depth of field of the system, can change the imaging bandwidth of the system, can effectively reduce the influence of spectrum aliasing on imaging quality, and can further explore the potential application ability of wavefront coding imaging technology. Imaging phase plate and bandwidth tunable wavefront encoding system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical field, relate to a kind of phase-plate and wavefront coded system, relate in particular to the adjustable wavefront coded system of a kind of phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging and bandwidth.
Background technology
The depth of field of expansion optical system always is the focus of academia's research, since 20th century the mid-80, although panoramic method is proposed for depth of field expansion, but until after doctor Dowski of Univ Colorado-Boulder USA and Cathey teach and propose wavefront coded concept in nineteen ninety-five, depth of field continuation has just had breakthrough truly.
Take one dimensional optical system as example, its out of focus optical transfer function OTF can obtain by the auto-correlation computation of generalized pupil function, as follows:
Wherein, u and x are respectively normalized spatial frequency and aperture plane lateral coordinates; W
20it is maximum defocus wave aberration coefficient; K is wave number; F represents phase-plate universal expression formula.
For traditional imaging system, the f item in above formula does not exist, and the expression that therefore can easily obtain out of focus OTF is:
Can see, in the time that system is not introduced phase-plate, its OTF is highstrung to out of focus, and can periodically occur in frequency space zero point, thereby causes irreversible information loss.Once but the cube phase-plate that doctor E.R.Dowski is invented (f (x)=α x
3) be incorporated on the entrance pupil face of optical system after, just can obtain a diverse out of focus OTF by static phase method of approximation, as follows:
Obviously, the now mould of out of focus OTF, MTF and out of focus wave aberration coefficient have nothing to do, and that is to say that cube phase-plate can make system MTF insensitive to out of focus; Although the phase bit position of OTF and degree of blur W
20relevant, but as long as modulation factor α increases, it is to W
20dependency degree will significantly reduce.Most importantly simultaneously, after having added phase-plate, MTF just has decline to a certain degree within effective frequency range in amplitude, and there is not zero point or nearly zero point, be that system is while occurring out of focus, the information that exceeds primal system field depth is not lost, and just can effectively be recovered afterwards by digital image restoration algorithm.Meanwhile, because logical light quantity and the resolution of phase-plate to system can not impact, be a kind of novel field depth extension imaging technology that is different from very much reduced bore method, central obscuration method or apodization so wavefront coded.
Except classical cube type phase-plate, panoramic phase-plate, as logarithmic, exponential type, high power etc. has all been proved to be the effectively depth of field of expansion optical imaging system.But existing all non-rotating symmetric form phase-plates all do not possess the ability that is adjusted to picture system bandwidth.At present, most of digital imaging system, including wavefront coded imaging systems, is all that image detector is limited, so exist by owing sampling spectral aliasing effect that cause, that can be lowered into image quality.In order to suppress this effect, conventionally need to before detector, introduce optical low-pass filter.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical matters existing in background technology, the invention provides a kind of effect that can effectively expand the system depth of field, can change system imaging bandwidth, can effectively reduce the impact of spectral aliasing on image quality and can have to the potential application power of wave-front coding imaging technology the phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging and the adjustable wavefront coded system of bandwidth of further excavation.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging, its special character is: the PHASE DISTRIBUTION function of the described phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging is formed by stacking by two 3 rank power functions with relative shift, and its one dimension function expression is:
f=α·(x+c)
3+α·(x+d)
3
Wherein:
α, c, d is the parameter of above-mentioned PHASE DISTRIBUTION function, and wherein α represents the phase-modulation intensity of phase-plate, and c and d represent respectively that two parts of phase-plate are with respect to the displacement at aperture plane center; Because x is normalization coordinate, and c and d are the translational movements with respect to normalization coordinate system, so the span of x, c, d is [1,1].
The adjustable wavefront coded system of bandwidth of phase-plate based on for wavefront coded imaging, its special character is: wavefront coded system that described bandwidth is adjustable comprises imaging lens, phase-plate and image detector for wavefront coded imaging; Described imaging lens, be set in turn in same light path for phase-plate and the image detector of wavefront coded imaging.
Above-mentioned bandwidth is adjustable, and wavefront coded system also comprises graphics processing unit; Described graphics processing unit is connected with image detector.
The above-mentioned phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging comprises two phase-plate parts compositions with relative shift.
Above-mentioned two phase-plate parts with relative shift can carry out translation independently centered by the aperture plane of imaging lens.
Advantage of the present invention is:
Phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging systems provided by the present invention is made up of two parts independently, each part is 3 rank power functions, but there is certain displacement with respect to aperture plane center, the different displacement combination of phase-plate will cause the variation of system imaging bandwidth, thereby allows to change the quantity of information of the system that enters.After image detector is determined, such phase-plate can play the effect of optical filter, thereby can effectively reduce the impact of spectral aliasing on image quality.The present invention not only can play the effect of the expanding system depth of field, and possesses the ability of regulating system imaging bandwidth, in the time that the two parts in phase-plate change with respect to the size of the displacement at aperture plane center and direction, the effective bandwidth scope of system will produce corresponding variation: this novel wavefront coded system is by changing bandwidth, can regulate the matching degree of detector and optical system, thereby play the effect that weakens detector constrained system spectral aliasing effect.Meanwhile, system also can allow by the high-frequency information of system according to the difference adjustment of imageable target minutia, reduces unwanted frequency information and the interference of high frequency noise to image quality with this.Imaging bandwidth based on phase-plate provided by the present invention is adjustable, be different from traditional wavefront coded imaging systems, compared with coded system before conventional wave, this system not only has the ability that suppresses out of focus, can also play the effect of optically filtering simultaneously, being a kind of conception of novelty, is also the further excavation to wavefront coding technology application potential.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the adjustable wavefront coded system architecture schematic block diagram of the bandwidth based on phase-plate provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the one dimension PHASE DISTRIBUTION functional arrangement of phase mask plate corresponding to different parameters;
Fig. 3 is α=60, c=0.1, the corresponding out of focus transport function of this group parameter of d=0.2 figure;
Fig. 4 is α=60, c=0.1, the corresponding out of focus transport function of this group parameter of d=-0.9 figure;
Fig. 5 is α=60, c=0.5, the corresponding out of focus transport function of this group parameter of d=-0.5 figure;
Fig. 6-1st, α=60, c=0.1, the corresponding out of focus MTF curve map of this group parameter when d=0.4;
Fig. 6-2nd, α=60, c=0.1, the corresponding out of focus MTF curve map of this group parameter when d=0.6;
Fig. 6-3rd, α=60, c=0.1, the corresponding out of focus MTF curve map of this group parameter when d=0.8;
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging, this PHASE DISTRIBUTION function that is used for the phase-plate of wavefront coded imaging is formed by stacking by two 3 rank power functions with relative shift, and its one dimension function expression is:
f=α·(x+c)
3+α·(x+d)
3
Wherein:
α, c, d is the parameter of above-mentioned PHASE DISTRIBUTION function, and wherein α represents the phase-modulation intensity (20 π, and should obtain by optimization as the case may be) of phase-plate, and c and d represent respectively that two parts of phase-plate are with respect to the displacement at aperture plane center; Because x is normalization coordinate, and c and d are the translational movements with respect to normalization coordinate system, so the span of x, c, d is [1,1].
Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of bandwidth based on the above-mentioned phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging adjustable wavefront coded system, and wavefront coded system that this bandwidth is adjustable comprises imaging lens, phase-plate, image detector and graphics processing unit for wavefront coded imaging; Imaging lens, be set in turn in same light path for phase-plate and the image detector of wavefront coded imaging; Graphics processing unit is connected with image detector; Comprise two phase-plate parts compositions that translation independently can be carried out centered by the aperture plane of imaging lens and then there is relative shift for the phase-plate of wavefront coded imaging;
Two ingredients in this phase-plate can carry out translation independently centered by aperture plane; In the time that translation direction is identical, no matter whether translational movement c is identical with d, and effective imaging bandwidth of system all can change, and phase-plate now will become an adjustable optical filter; And in the time that translation direction is different, while only having c and d not identical, just can play the effect that changes system imaging bandwidth.
Imageable target is passed through, after conventional imaging camera lens and above-mentioned phase-plate, to form fuzzy intermediary image on image detector, and then graphics processing unit carries out deconvolution processing, and final formation focuses on image clearly.Meanwhile, by the side-play amount that in control phase plate, two parts are introduced, system also will allow the information exchange mistake of nominated bandwidth.In other words, the wavefront coded system based on above-mentioned phase-plate, in expanding the depth of field, also can play the effect of variable filtering.
With reference to figure 1, in system proposed by the invention, imageable target 1 is passed through, after conventional imaging camera lens 2 and phase mask plate 3, to form fuzzy intermediary image on image detector 4, then graphics processing unit 5 carries out deconvolution processing, finally obtains focusing on image 6 clearly.
Fig. 2 is the one dimension PHASE DISTRIBUTION function of phase mask plate corresponding to different parameters.Wherein, horizontal ordinate represents normalized aperture coordinate, and ordinate represents PHASE DISTRIBUTION function.
Imaging system of the present invention can be regarded as has increased a phase mask plate (being placed on pupil) in traditional optical imaging system, when light path is by after this phase mask plate, optical information is encoded, the modulation transfer function (MTF) that is whole optical system can change, although the mtf value after coding is less than the value before coding, but it there will not be null value in the situation that having defocusing amount, so can not cause the loss of image detail information.Being imaged on image detector (as CCD) is a width blurred picture, with digital information processing system, it is decoded, and now the mtf value of system also can correspondingly improve, thereby recovers sharp keen image clearly.
Although wavefront coded imaging systems involved in the present invention in version with conventional wave before coded system similar, but its maximum characteristic is: phase-plate 3 is by independently dimerous, as shown in Figure 1, by regulating the side-play amount of two independent sectors with respect to aperture center, it possesses the not available function of traditional wavefront coded imaging systems.
At present, wavefront coded system based on various phase mask plates only can play inhibiting effect to out of focus and the aberration relevant with out of focus, but, once after phase mask plate proposed by the invention being loaded on the aperture of system, effective imaging bandwidth of system can change dynamically, be the effect that this novel phase-plate has played optical filter, thereby can control the abundant information degree of the image of finally being caught by sensor.
As shown in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, (horizontal ordinate represents normalized spatial frequency, and ordinate represents normalized MTF.), the various combination of two parts side-play amount c and d in phase-plate, directly causes the change of system effect bandwidth.In Fig. 3, the effective bandwidth (adopting normalized spatial frequency to weigh) of system has been reduced to 1.5 left and right, 1.2 left and right in Fig. 4, are only further reduced to, in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 4, provide side-play amount c and d simultaneously and be equal to 0 MTF curve, the MTF curve being used for and introduce after side-play amount compares, as black dotted line represents.In Fig. 6, maintenance α=60 are provided, c=0.1 is constant, d is increased to the corresponding out of focus MTF curve map of each group of parameter of 0.8 o'clock from 0.2 gradually according to 0.2 step-length, these curve maps have been verified the impact of relative displacement on imaging bandwidth in phase-plate, in the time that parameter a and c remain unchanged and increase d gradually, the cutoff frequency of imaging system reduces gradually, vertical line as short in black in figure marks, the short vertical line of black has been indicated the position of the actual cutoff frequency of system, in order to be shown as the wide variation of image-tape.Thus, be not difficult to summarize several dot characteristics of this system:
1, in the time that two parts offset direction in phase-plate is identical, no matter side-play amount is how many, and the bandwidth of system all can change;
2, in the time that two parts offset direction in phase-plate is not identical, only have in the time that side-play amount is not identical, the bandwidth of system just can change;
3, the relative displacement between the two parts in phase-plate is larger, and the amount that bandwidth changes also greatly.
The key that bandwidth is adjusted is that two parts in phase-plate can be according to demand, and take aperture plane center, as reference is offset independently, this has just proposed new designing requirement to the structure in aperture.On the aperture of the novel adjustable wavefront coded imaging systems of bandwidth, must design dynamic adjustments device, the two parts that can meet in phase-plate meet specific side-play amount combination.
When reality is used, can carry out a demarcation in advance to system, build the funtcional relationship between side-play amount and system bandwidth, or set up a discrete look-up table, to system imaging bandwidth is carried out to conscious adjusting.
Claims (5)
1. for a phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging, it is characterized in that: the PHASE DISTRIBUTION function of the described phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging is formed by stacking by two 3 rank power functions with relative shift, and its one dimension function expression is:
f=α·(x+c)
3+α·(x+d)
3
Wherein:
α, c, d is the parameter of above-mentioned PHASE DISTRIBUTION function, and wherein α represents the phase-modulation intensity of phase-plate, and c and d represent respectively that two parts of phase-plate are with respect to the displacement at aperture plane center; Because x is normalization coordinate, and c and d are the translational movements with respect to normalization coordinate system, so the span of x, c, d is [1,1].
2. the adjustable wavefront coded system of the bandwidth based on the phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wavefront coded system that described bandwidth is adjustable comprises imaging lens, phase-plate and image detector for wavefront coded imaging; Described imaging lens, be set in turn in same light path for phase-plate and the image detector of wavefront coded imaging.
3. the adjustable wavefront coded system of bandwidth according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bandwidth is adjustable, and wavefront coded system also comprises graphics processing unit; Described graphics processing unit is connected with image detector.
4. according to the adjustable wavefront coded system of the bandwidth described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described phase-plate for wavefront coded imaging comprises two phase-plate parts compositions with relative shift.
5. the adjustable wavefront coded system of bandwidth according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described in there is relative shift two phase-plate parts can centered by the aperture plane of imaging lens, carry out translation independently.
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| CN103776549A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Prism-free phase difference wavefront sensing system based on dual-camera system |
| CN103869466B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | Phase mask plate optimal parameter obtaining method applied to wavefront coding system |
| CN103885176B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Phase mask plate and wavefront coding imaging system capable of adjusting quality of intermediate coding image |
| CN103901616B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Phase mask and wavefront coding system |
| CN104182579B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-02-15 | 天津大学 | Modeling method for coded mask optical imaging system |
| CN104156610B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-06-20 | 天津大学 | The mask evaluation method and mask arrangement pattern of encoding mask optical imaging system |
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| CN108761779B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2024-04-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Wavefront coding imaging system with adjustable phase mask |
| CN109360139B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sub-pixel super-resolution imaging system and method based on translation adjustable wavefront coding |
| CN113267909B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-08 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Peep-proof display method based on wave front distortion compensation |
| CN114488524B (en) * | 2022-02-19 | 2024-07-02 | 复旦大学 | Wavefront coding imaging system based on high-order polynomial free-form surface phase plate |
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