CN102750060A - Projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise reduction method by space differentiation - Google Patents
Projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise reduction method by space differentiation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise reduction method by space differentiation. The method includes the steps that (1), a plurality of identical artificial circuit processing elements and relevant selection controllers are arranged inside a touch screen control chip; (2), a reference inducing line set of any target touch screen inducing line set to be processed in a touch screen inducing line array is selected according to space distribution; (3), identical imitation processors are used for driving and reading a target sensor and a reference sensor simultanously; (4), information of the target sensor and the reference sensor is judged; (5), the steps of (2), (3) and (4) are repeated until all target inducing lines of the touch screen are processed to finish one frame; (6) according to the distribution of status values of the inducing lines of the frame, finger touch points are calculated and judged, and time or space misinformation touch points are eliminated according to former frame information; and (7), according to the state of a current frame, the step (2) is returned or other operation is performed. According to the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise reduction method by the space differentiation, the system performance can be effectively improved, and the power consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to projection-type capacitive touch screen and touch screen control system field, concrete relate to a kind of time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex, be used for accurately eliminating the influence of noise, improve the capacitance plate antijamming capability touch-control system.
Background technology
The projection-type capacitive touch screen system is made up of projecting type capacitor screen (hereinafter to be referred as " capacitance plate ") and touch screen controller (hereinafter to be referred as " touch-control circuit ").Capacitance plate is to be made up of base material and sensor array.Substrate material has glass, and PET etc. comprise opaque base material.Sensor array is many arrays that the line of induction that given shape arranged is arranged regularly and formed, and the line of induction is to use indium stannum alloy (ITO) or carbon or other conductive materials to make.Be electrically connected, the line of induction of sensor array directly is connected with the port of touch-control circuit.Touch-control circuit is by circuit board, and electronic devices and components constitute.Circuit board can be ordinary circuit board (PCB) or flexible PCB (FPC), is used to connect electronic devices and components.Electronic devices and components comprise passive components and parts, like Resistor-Capacitor Unit and function element, like special-purpose touch-control IC chip.Function element contains the analog circuitry processes device, is used for the line of induction of driving sensor array, or reads signal from the line of induction of sensor array.Also comprise microprocessor (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP) in the function element, be used to realize specific calculation process (related algorithm), to confirm to obtain the duty of sensor array.Also comprise storer in the touch-control circuit, be used for stored programme (Firmware), status data and operation result.Touch-control circuit also comprises clock generator, produce high accurate clock signal and supply between each functional module of touch-control circuit synchronously, and with the sequential control of host information interactive process, the clock period does not change with the variation of temperature and voltage basically.Touch-control circuit and outside being connected, Yi Bian be the line of induction of sensor array, another side is host's (host) power lead and other signal of communication.The host refers to cell phone mainboard, computer main board or other application systems.
The basic functional principle of projection-type capacitive touch screen system is; Touch-control circuit is according to pre-determined time and spatial order; The line of induction of one group one group ground driving sensor array, and read signal from the line of induction of driving sensor array, carry out algorithm process then.In certain particular moment, the line of induction or line of induction group that this group analog circuitry processes device drives or reads are called " the target line of induction ".Control the circuit of this time and space order, be called the selection control circuit.When the line of induction of all sensors array the inside is processed completion as the target line of induction, is called and accomplishes a frame (Frame).The action that repeats every frame forever of projection-type capacitive touch screen system is only if host order projection-type capacitive touch screen system stops action.
In the projection-type capacitive touch screen system, mainly there are two kinds of electronic signal noise disturbing effects, be called for short noise.First kind is electromagnetic interference (EMI), and English is Electro Magnetic Interference, is called for short EMI, and this noise mainly comes from the interference of peripheral electron device for the sensor of capacitive touch screen.Second kind of noise be finger near or bring when touching capacitive touch screen sensor.Noise is having a strong impact on the degree of stability and the handling of touch-control system.Therefore, for the deviser of capacitive touch screen system, how setting up a stable touch-control system effectively reliably in actual application environment, is a challenge.
The EMI noise; For example be coupled to the switching noise of touch-control system, or come from the noise of mobile phone radio frequency electron device, also have from the noise of application processor feed-in etc. from LCDs; These noises have significantly reduced in the projection-type capacitive touch screen system effect with useful signal, both signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).Whether no matter point near or touch the sensor of touch-screen, these EMI noises all can be coupled in the middle of the sensor signal path.The noise size is relevant with the capacitance of sensor in the projection-type capacitive touch screen system.Fig. 1 has shown the sensor signal that receives the influence of LCDs switching noise.The transverse axis of Fig. 1 is a clock periodicity, is equivalent to the time, and the longitudinal axis is represented the signal of 21 lines of induction, and Fig. 1 integral body is near black, and expression EMI disturbs and extensively is distributed on time and the touch-screen space.
There are some noises to disturb in addition; Power supply noise for example; Or the specific noise of device, they have characteristic noise frequency, these disturb also can by equal proportion be coupled on the sensor of projection-type capacitive touch screen system; Its proportionate relationship is that the finger electric capacity (Cf) that touches is than touch-control system intrinsic capacity (Cs). Fig. 2 has drawn under such interference, the signal of sensing in the touch-screen system.The transverse axis of Fig. 2 is a clock number, is equivalent to the time, and the longitudinal axis has been represented the signal of 2 lines of induction, by the interference that can obviously see the outside noise that finger is introduced among the figure.
Present most of projection-type self-capacitance (self projective capacitance; Be called for short self-PROCAP) employing in system or projection-type mutual capacitance (mutual projective capacitance the is called for short mutual-PROCAP) system induction arranged side by side (parallel sensing) method.Such method needs complicated front end sensor circuit and loaded down with trivial details follow-up signal to handle.Consuming processing power, needing the complexity of circuit, and realizing that function institute all needs above the power consumed to improve.
In correlative technology field, U.S. Maxim Integrated Products Inc. is in China and submitted patented claim " being used to use the noise cancellation technique of the capacitance touch screen controller of difference sensing " abroad to, and its Chinese number of patent application is 201110108199.6.Though this technology uses the notion of adjacent difference, because the analog processor limited in number of its use, and exist the adjacent line of induction can not effectively eliminate the restriction etc. that finger is introduced noise, it is eliminated anti noise and needs further to improve.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex is provided, be applied to the projection-type capacitive touch screen system, can effectively improve system performance and reduce power consumption.
Technical solution of the present invention: the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex; Its characteristics are: said projection-type capacitive touch screen system comprises projecting type capacitor screen and touch screen controller; Said projecting type capacitor screen comprises base material and attached to the sensor array of arranging on the base material, said sensor array is the array that many lines of induction are arranged regularly and formed; Said touch screen controller comprises a plurality of identical analog circuitry processes device, selection control, digital processing unit and storeies; Said a plurality of analog processor is divided into two types by application target, and one type is used for driving and reading the target line of induction, i.e. target simulation processor, and another kind of being used for drives and reads with reference to the line of induction, promptly with reference to analog processor; Said selection control circuit comprises target selection control circuit part and with reference to selecting the control circuit part, connects said two analoglike processors respectively; The said target line of induction is meant at current time, according to preset order, or order at random, or the order of the digital processing unit of receiving indication is by the line of induction of selecting control circuit from many lines of induction of sensor array, to select; Saidly be meant the action of pointing on the capacitance plate in order to calculate more accurately with reference to the line of induction; Get rid of the ambient noise interference influence; By the line of induction of selecting control circuit to choose; Through carrying out computing to the target line of induction and with reference to the state of the line of induction simultaneously, obtain the state of the target line of induction, reduce noise effect; Said digital processing unit indication order can be to produce at digital processing unit internal condition institute working procedure, or digital processing unit receives, and the instruction of host passs on.The said various line of induction, independently of one another between each line of induction, there is not interaction relation, independently receive the control of selection control;
Said method realizes as follows:
The first step, the select target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction
The order of order that the target selection control circuit provides by predefined order or randomizer or the digital processing unit of receiving indication is controlled the switch arrays in it, and the target simulation processor dynamically is connected to the target line of induction;
Selection course with reference to the selection of the line of induction and the target line of induction is identical; Promptly with reference to the order of the order of selecting control circuit to provide by predefined order or randomizer or the digital processing unit indication of receiving; Control the switch arrays in it, will dynamically be connected to reference on the line of induction with reference to analog processor; But any line of induction that is not sensor array can be selected as with reference to the line of induction; Eliminate the difference of the noise source of noise along with needs; Choose that these are different with reference to alternative conditions of the line of induction, wherein most critical be with reference to the minimum space of the line of induction and the target line of induction apart from or the restrictive condition of maximum space distance different.For eliminating the EMI noise effect; Need the above line of induction of 2 line of induction distances in the chosen distance target line of induction interval line of induction as a reference; Put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine; For example when the EMI noise source of system mainly is the display screen switching noise, select the line of induction line as a reference in the centre of line of induction array as far as possible; And be coupled into the noise of induction system when eliminating the finger touches capacitance plate; Then need the following line of induction of 2 line of induction distances in the chosen distance target line of induction interval line of induction as a reference; Put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine; For example be positioned near the sensor edge but range sensor edge when having 2 lines of induction distances above when sensor of interest; Selection is away from the line of induction of a side of sensor array column border line as a reference; Because near the line of induction of this column border of sensor, promptly the line of induction at touch-screen edge receives lead or other accidental factor interference easily.Selection with reference to the process of the line of induction be with the select target line of induction be priority orders; Promptly at first the selected target line of induction is selected with reference to the line of induction according to conditions such as target line of induction positions then; At synchronization, the target line of induction can not become himself the reference line of induction;
Second step; Drive the target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction; And the target line of induction and of reading back with reference to the status information of the line of induction; Whole process for the target line of induction be identical with reference to the line of induction, and read any time in the process in driving, analog controller to the target line of induction with to handle action with reference to the electric signal of the line of induction identical.Analog processor at first uses the line of induction of constant current source driving sensor array of constant pressure source and the timesharing adjustable current of timesharing adjustable voltage; Analog processor reads the signal of this line of induction from the line of induction simultaneously; With the target line of induction with reference to the analog voltage signal digitizing on the line of induction, obtain the current goal line of induction and with reference to the state of the line of induction; Then, digital processing unit is from the target simulation processor with reference in time reading the current goal line of induction the analog processor and with reference to the state of the line of induction, with deposit data in the storer of the corresponding position of the line of induction;
The 3rd step; Data processor is according to the state of the current target line of induction, the state with reference to the line of induction, the historic state of the target line of induction and the align mode of the target line of induction; Whether have finger movable, and record finger activity departure if calculating the current goal line of induction, upgrade historic state; Through to the target line of induction and with reference to the difference between the signal of the line of induction, and the variation of value itself, judge on the target line of induction to have or not finger touches; When the historic state of the said target line of induction is meant the last identical line of induction as the target line of induction, read and be stored in the line of induction state value of the preset information memory location in storage space of this target line of induction; Said target line of induction align mode is line of induction calibration in the sensor array, the line of induction state value that obtains during promptly non-inductive state;
The 4th the step, according to predetermined line of induction choosing method; Choose in the sensor array the next target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction; The step and the first step are identical; Carry out the process in second step to the 3rd step then, and repeat all to accomplish above-mentioned the 3rd one, be referred to as to accomplish a frame (Frame) among the present invention as the target line of induction until each bar line of induction of the sensor array line of induction;
After the 5th step, every completion one frame were handled, digital processing unit was judged the finger touch situation according to the total data of existing sensor array in the storer; And digital processing unit and host communication are to host report finger coordinate, track and gesture; Confirm the disposal route of next frame then according to the present situation.Said judgement finger situation comprises the position that one or more finger touch are arranged that digital processing unit calculates, and is called the position, touch point; The digital processing unit deletion is because the touch point of the wrong report on the space that special noise condition causes, the for example irrational touch point of space distribution and intensity distributions; Digital processing unit judges comprehensively that according to the result of this frame and historical some frames the deletion time distributes goes up irrational touch point; Digital processing unit is comprehensively judged the finger touch track according to the result of this frame and historical some frames.Said definite next frame disposal route comprises and normally returns the first step, or system hibernates, or system's speed-raising operation, or system's fall-back, or other special preset procedures.Carry out special preset procedures and be meant that digital processing unit is higher than predetermined threshold value according to the touch point distribution of this frame with preset touch point distribution similarity; Be that touch screen controller can contrast existing touch point situation and judges; And according to preset touch control manner, preset function is carried out in redirect; Special preset function can comprise calibration touch-screen reference value etc., possible preset in advance.
Said each line of induction electrical structure, principle of work, workflow are all identical.
Independently of one another between said every line of induction or the line of induction group, there is not interaction relation, independently receive the control of selection control.
At any time, are inverse lines of induction except that the said target line of induction with reference to other lines of induction the line of induction, promptly these line of induction states can not be used to computing or judgement that the target line of induction is carried out.
At any time, the said target line of induction be the different lines of induction with reference to the line of induction; But this can use the line of induction for referencial use in another time or space the target line of induction of current time, also can use as the target line of induction in another time or space with reference to the line of induction itself.
Said minimal number with reference to the line of induction is relevant with the finger number of touch-screen system resolution processing, and the finger number of processing is many more, and required number with reference to the line of induction is many more.
The number of said analog processor is more than or equal to 2, and the structure of analog circuitry processes device is identical.
Whether the current goal line of induction is judged in calculating in said the 4th step has finger movable; And the method for record finger activity departure adopts a plurality of weighting subtractions; And these weighting subtraction result relatively, selects certain result's of storage effective information to be stored in the designated space position as the movable departure of finger then.
In said the 5th step; Other initialization process are that digital processing unit is higher than predetermined threshold value according to touch point distribution of this frame and the touch point distribution similarity of presetting; Carry out preset procedures; Be that touch screen controller can contrast existing touch point situation, judge and the preset touch control manner of foundation that preset function is carried out in redirect; Said preset function comprises calibration touch-screen reference value.
The said first step, in the 3rd step, the 4th step and the 5th step can be cured to special IC (ASIC), and perhaps as the firmware (Firmware) of application system DSP/MCU, perhaps the mode with software-driven (Driver) is implemented in the existing host system.
In said second step, the line of induction of the constant pressure source of analog processor use timesharing adjustable voltage and the constant current source driving sensor array of timesharing adjustable current.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) the present invention is realized by hardware and algorithm jointly; Rely on the new construction and the new algorithm of touch-control circuit; The simple sensor array structure that cooperates capacitance plate is eliminated the noise effect that the projection-type capacitive touch screen system receives, and has improved the touch-screen system performance effectively and has reduced power consumption.
(2) the present invention compares with the inducing method arranged side by side of other projection-type self-capacitance systems or projection-type mutual capacitance systems, equal or better signal quality are provided, and the required power consumption that expends is lower, because need not use complicated front end induction treatment circuit.Simultaneously, compare with the capacitance touch control system that use is responded in proper order, even these order induction systems have used complicated signal processing circuit, the present invention still can provide the higher system stability under the complex work environment.
(3) the present invention has kept simple and convenient follow-up signal treatment scheme when better signal quality is provided.
(4) with existing correlation technique; U.S. Maxim Integrated Products Inc. is 201110108199.6 at China and the overseas application number of submitting to, and the file of " being used to use the noise cancellation technique of the capacitance touch screen controller of difference sensing " is compared; The present invention can really eliminate with noise effect constantly owing to used a plurality of analog processors and utilized the separated characteristic of space region; And targetedly EMI and finger introducing noise being carried out noise reduction, noise reduction is more accurate, and is more thorough; The present invention has utilized the discrimination technology between the frame, further eliminates other not finger touches erroneous judgements of causing of specific factor.
(5) utilize digital processing algorithm or the side's of calculating algorithm that uses in the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method of the space parallax opposite sex; Can be cured to integrated circuit (ASIC); Perhaps as the firmware (Firmware) of application system DSP/MCU, perhaps the mode with software-driven (Driver) is implemented in the existing host system.
In a word; In the projection-type capacitive touch screen system, utilize the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method of the space parallax opposite sex of the present invention; High-quality signal is provided, has kept the characteristics of simple process circuit, and then realized the low-power consumption high performance solution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 receives the touch screen induction signal that the LCDs switching noise disturbs;
Fig. 2 is the sensor signal that receives noise;
Fig. 3 is a hardware circuit framed structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 reads decision flow chart for the line of induction driving of practical implementation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the result of Fig. 1 signal after the inventive method noise reduction process;
Fig. 6 is the result of Fig. 2 signal after the inventive method noise reduction process.
Embodiment
Method of the present invention has been utilized the following characteristic of projection-type capacitive touch screen system: no matter whether (1) pointed near to or in contact with the Sensor section to touch-screen system, and the EMI noise all can be coupled to all sensors.(2) the characteristic noise of introducing simultaneously owing to finger touches, its noise contributions scope is near the line of induction of finger touches.(3) the projection-type capacitive touch screen system is under normal operation, and finger can not touch the line of induction of all sensors.(4) if use palm or miscellaneous equipment; Touch all lines of induction by force; This state does not belong to touch-screen and normally controls state so; And this operator scheme can be simply handled the speed of the line of induction by detecting (5) touch screen controller that comes out, and touches touch-screen faster than people or other mechanical test equipments far away or changes the speed of touch condition.
The projection-type capacitive touch screen system that the present invention adopts is made up of projecting type capacitor screen (hereinafter to be referred as " capacitance plate ") and touch screen controller (hereinafter to be referred as " touch-control circuit ").Capacitance plate is to be made up of base material and sensor array, and touch-control circuit is by circuit board, and electronic devices and components constitute.Be electrically connected, the line of induction of sensor array directly is connected with the port of touch-control circuit.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is concrete to be realized as follows:
The first step, manufacture and design the sensor array in the capacitance plate.
Capacitance plate is to be made up of base material and sensor array.Substrate material has glass, and PET etc. comprise opaque base material.Sensor array is many arrays that the line of induction that given shape arranged is arranged regularly and formed, and the line of induction is to use indium stannum alloy (ITO) or carbon or other conductive materials to make.In the termination of the line of induction, there is the conduction connecting line on the capacitance plate base material, the line of induction to be connected the object boundary place of the capacitance plate extend to, so that capacitance plate links to each other with touch control circuit.The sensor and the line of induction, the mode through plated film etching or printing usually is on base material.
Be electrically connected, the line of induction of sensor array directly is connected with the port of touch-control circuit; On the working method, generally adopt the method for hot pressing, link together the flexible circuit board of capacitance plate and touch-control circuit.
Characteristic of the present invention is that every the line of induction or the line of induction group of requirement capacitance plate is independently of one another, does not have interaction relation, can independently receive the control of touch-control circuit.
Second goes on foot, manufactures and designs the touch-control circuit in the capacitance plate.
One of assembly of touch-control circuit is a circuit board; Comprise ordinary circuit board (PCB) or flexible PCB (FPC); Be used for the electric and physical connection between the electronic devices and components, and like the electric and physical connection between described touch-control circuit of the front first step and the capacitance plate.
Outside the dividing circuit plate, touch-control circuit also comprises electronic devices and components.The kind of electronic devices and components comprises connector, passive device and function element.Connector be used for physics with or electric go up couple together touch-control circuit and outside; Passive device mainly is resistance, electric capacity and magnetic bead etc.; Function element is a main devices of accomplishing the touch-control circuit function, and for example special-purpose touch-control IC chip or holding circuit do not receive the ESD protective device of electrostatic damage etc.
Touch-control circuit and outside being connected, Yi Bian be the line of induction of sensor array, another side is host's (host) power lead and other signal of communication.The host refers to cell phone mainboard, computer main board, or other application systems.
Function element in the touch-control circuit is realized the drive controlling to the sensor of capacitance plate, and the signal that reads back from sensor is carried out analyzing and processing.Function element important function module has four:
(2.1) analog circuitry processes device is used for the line of induction of driving sensor array, or reads signal from the line of induction.The important component part of analog circuitry processes device comprises the charging circuit that timesharing adjustable current constant-current charge circuit and timesharing adjustable voltage constant voltage charging circuit are combined to form, and the conversion of signals multidigit analog to digital converter (ADC) that is used to read line of induction state.The number of analog circuitry processes device among the present invention is far smaller than the number of the line of induction in the sensor array, can select to use 3 analog processors, 32 sensor arraies that the line of induction constituted of corresponding position reason during for example actual the use.For the driving of every line of induction or read, be to lean on multichannel to select control circuit to realize analog processor and sensor-interconnect, and then accomplish.Sometimes multichannel selects control circuit that the line of induction in the capacitance plate is divided into some groups, and duty is all identical at any time for every group of inner line of induction, and the present invention calls line of induction group to the one group such line of induction.A plurality of analog processors are set among the present invention, and promptly the number of analog processor is more than or equal to 2.A plurality of analog processors are divided into two types, and one type is used for driving and reading the target line of induction, and another kind of being used for drives and read with reference to the line of induction.
(2.2) multichannel is selected control circuit (MUX; Hereinafter to be referred as " selection control circuit "); The order of the indication of order that it provides by predefined order or randomizer or the digital processing unit of receiving; The CS array dynamically is connected to the target line of induction of capacitance plate and with reference to the line of induction with analog processor.Select the inside of control circuit, comprise that switch arrays are used for being electrically connected of analog processor and the line of induction or line of induction group; Comprise one or more randomizers, the scope of the value of its random number is identical with line of induction number or line of induction number group; Comprise internal clocking or from the interface circuit of outside receive clock signal; Comprise the digital interface circuit with microprocessor (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP), receive or inform the line of induction or the line of induction group coding of present processing.
(2.3) digital processing unit comprises microprocessor (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP), is used to realize computation process (algorithm), to confirm to obtain the duty of sensor array; Also can be used for simultaneously selecting control circuit to provide the indication of handling the line of induction, this indication can be according to the permanent order that is programmed in advance in the middle of the program, perhaps is submitted to and selects control circuit according to using software to produce pseudo random number.Algorithm passes through to the target line of induction and with reference to the difference between the signal of the line of induction, and the variation of value itself, judges on the capacitance plate to have or not finger touches; There are how many fingers to touch simultaneously; Touch points where; Analysis meter is calculated the track of many fingers, i.e. relation between this line of induction action and line of induction action last time.Digital processing unit hardware connects and comprises the host interface, includes but not limited to I2C, SPI, PS2, USB standard interface; Select the control circuit interface, be used for indication or receive current line of induction coding; The analog processor interface, the state that is used to read the line of induction refers to; Clock and reset signal interface.
(2.4) storer includes but not limited to static memory (SRAM), dynamic storage (DRAM), non-volatility memorizer (NVM).These storeies are used for stored programme (Firmware), status data and operation result.
These hardware systems are after loading externally fed, and the 3rd goes on foot below getting into automatically.
The 3rd step, the selected target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction.Among the present invention, at first the select target line of induction determines with reference to the line of induction then.The purpose of the select target line of induction is whether this target line of induction of observation receives the influence that finger touches; Selection is to utilize with reference to the line of induction to offset the influence of noise to the target line of induction with reference to the purpose of the line of induction; The target line of induction with all be the existing line of induction on the capacitance plate with reference to the line of induction; The target line of induction with all be the different lines of induction at any time with reference to the line of induction.After the capacitance plate system is loaded power supply, get into this step automatically.
(3.1) the select target line of induction.The target line of induction is meant at current time, according to preset order, or order at random, or the order of digital processing unit indication, by line of induction in the capacitance plate induction arrays of selecting control circuit to choose or line of induction group.Whether touch-screen system hopes to differentiate on this target line of induction, have finger movement to take place, if perhaps judge have finger movement to take place, then writes down the side-play amount of the state that the same line of induction or line of induction group when not having finger movement compare simultaneously.If be numbered 0,1,2 to the line of induction or the line of induction group of sensor array the inside with nonnegative integer ..., n, preset order can be that order increases progressively 0,1,2..n selects 0 for the first time; The perhaps order n that successively decreases, n-1 ... 0; Perhaps the odd number even number 1,3, and 5 ... 2k+1,0,2,4 ..2m selects 1 for the first time; Perhaps inside and outside alternately n, 0, n-1,1, n-2,2... selects n for the first time.The concrete electrical action of the select target line of induction is that control circuit is connected to the target line of induction through electronic switch with analog processor.The target line of induction can be a line of induction or one group of line of induction, and at this moment required analog processor possibly be one or more.As time goes on, will select in the subsequent step for the second time, for the third time ..., the n time, so far all sweep traces all are set to the target line of induction each 1 time, are also referred to as and accomplish a frame (Frame).
(3.2) select with reference to the line of induction.After touch-control circuit has been selected the target line of induction, next select with reference to the line of induction for the target line of induction.Be meant the action of pointing on the capacitance plate in order to calculate more accurately with reference to the line of induction; Get rid of the ambient noise interference influence; And one or more lines of induction of choosing, these lines of induction are lines of induction existing on the touch-screen, are used for the state computation of the target line of induction with reference to the state of the line of induction.The number of the reference line of induction that the present invention uses, different the finger number that the capacitance plate system need detect processing is many more and different along with the capacitance plate system need detect the finger number of processing, and the number of the reference line of induction that needs is many more.For example detect the capacitance plate system of 2 fingers, the reference line of induction number that needs is less than required reference line of induction number in the capacitance plate system that detects 5 fingers.Selection with reference to the method for the line of induction can be at random or according to prior setting order.With reference to the line of induction can be at random, but is not that any line of induction of sensor array can be selected as with reference to the line of induction.Along with needs are eliminated the difference of the noise source of noise, it is different to choose these alternative conditions with reference to the line of induction, just with reference to the minimum space of the line of induction and the target line of induction apart from or the restrictive condition of maximum space distance different.For eliminating the EMI noise effect; Need the at interval above line of induction of 2 lines of induction distances line of induction as a reference of the chosen distance target line of induction, put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine; Be coupled into the noise of induction system when eliminating the finger touches capacitance plate, then need the chosen distance target line of induction following line of induction of 2 lines of induction distances line of induction as a reference at interval; Put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine, for example select the line of induction near touch screen center portion as the reference line of induction of eliminating the EMI noise as far as possible.Notice that selection has priority orders with reference to the process and the select target line of induction of the line of induction, promptly the select target line of induction is at first selected with reference to the line of induction according to the target line of induction then.At any time, the target line of induction can not become himself the reference line of induction.Identical with the target line of induction; Selection is that control circuit is connected to analog processor with reference to the line of induction through electronic switch with reference to the concrete electrical action of the line of induction; This electronic switch switches connection procedure; Drive with following the 4th step touch screen controller that the process read the line of induction is compared and of short duration, expend time in hardly.
The 4th step, read flow process according to predetermined driving, obtain the target line of induction and with reference to the state of the line of induction.This process is mainly divided 3 parts.Whole process for the target line of induction be identical with reference to the line of induction.
(4.1) driving process (Driving).The driving process is the charge and discharge process of analog processor for the line of induction, and this process possibly need several clock period to accomplish.Clock can produce in the capacitance plate internal system, also can be from host (host).Discharge and recharge combination and used the constant current source of timesharing adjustable current, and the constant pressure source of timesharing adjustable voltage.
(4.2) induction process (Sensing).Multidigit analog to digital converter (ADC) in the analog processor passes through calibration process etc. again with the analog voltage signal digitizing on the line of induction, is transformed to digital quantity.Only comprise small quantity of memory space in the analog processor,, can save power consumption like this and save cost not as the usefulness of a plurality of line of induction states of long storage time.
(4.3) data read process (Reading).According to the algorithm requirement, digital processing unit (comprising MCU or DSP) in time reads the current goal line of induction and with reference to the state of the line of induction from analog processor, and deposit data in the storage space that deserves, is used for following the 5th step to handle.Notice that the process of reading relates to a plurality of analog processors, and the limited storage space of storage line of induction state in each analog processor, so the handling process that reads of data need completion in time before the analog processor internal storage unit is refreshed.Data read transfer process, can use the normal W method of memory of digital processing unit, also can use direct memory reading/writing method (DMA).
The 5th step; Digital processing unit is according to from the state of the current target line of induction, with reference to the state of the line of induction, and the historic state of the target line of induction; The align mode of the target line of induction; Whether the current goal line of induction is judged in calculating has finger movable, and record finger activity departure, upgrades historic state.Key content comprises in the middle of this step:
(5.1) historic state of the target line of induction when referring to the last identical line of induction as the target line of induction, reads and is stored in the line of induction state value that deserves the position.
(5.2) target line of induction align mode is the parameter that the capacitance plate calibration obtains, specifically referring to the description in (8.1) in the 8th step.
(5.3) whether the current goal line of induction has finger activity and finger activity departure; Main calculation methods is a plurality of weighting subtractions; And these weighting subtraction result relatively, is then to select certain result's of storage effective information to be stored in the designated space position as the movable departure of finger.Notice that departure has extracted the effective information of weighting subtraction in order to reduce computational complexity and to reduce storage space.
With 2 finger projection-type capacitive touch screen systems is example, and touch-control circuit is independently pointed coordinate to 2 of host reports, and system receives the influence that EMI disturbs, and the elimination of use this patent should influence.In the exemplary systems of these 2 fingers, with T (t) expression working sensor t state constantly, under the situation of using this patent, use the reference sensor of 3 predefined spaced, its state is with D1 (t), D2 (t), D3 (t) representes.
(5.3.1) the time domain noise-reduction method in order to ensure the space parallax opposite sex can effectively provide reference signal, between the separated reference sensor of space region relative position must keep 2 sensors at interval or more than.
When (5.3.2) being located at time t, label is that the signal that the working sensor of n receives is SIGT (t
n), the signal of 3 reference sensors that the while space region is separated is respectively SIG
D1(t
n), SIG
D2(t
n), SIG
D3(t
n).Can set up one group of difference formula with these data so,, derive following absolute difference score value based on the output signal that samples:
DI?FF
TD1（t
n）=ABS（SIG
T（t
n）-SIG?
D1（t
n））；
DI?FF
TD2（t
n）=ABS（SIG
T（t
n）-SIG?
D2（t
n））；
DI?FF
TD3（t
n）=ABS（SIG
T（t
n）-SIG?
D3（t
n））；
In Fig. 4 of the present invention, because length and font size reason are used symbol Sdt1 (), Sdt2 (), Sdt3 (), expression DI FF
TD1(), DI FF
TD2(), DI FF
TD3(); Use ST () to represent SIG
T() used SD1 (), SD2 (), and SD3 () represents SIG
D1(), SIG
D2(), SIG
D3().
To DIFF
TD1(t
n), DIFF
TD2(t
n) and DIFF
TD3(t
n) do following analysis.In the following analysis table, the threshold value of the no finger signal of " FU_th " expression; " FD_th " expression detects the thresholding of finger signal, and " Ref " is effective reference signal; " Odt " is the useful signal output valve after analyzing; O1, O2, O3 are aforementioned DIFF
TD1(), DIFF
TD2(), DIFF
TD3() is own, perhaps gets its significance bit, the result after perhaps it amplifies according to specific formulation, and its amplification method can be linear amplification or non-linear amplification.Gauge outfit, promptly preceding 2 line displays of form related between working sensor and the separated reference sensor of space region.For example the mark of T&D1 is the relation of working sensor T and reference sensor D1, below analogizes.
Because SIG
T(t
n), SIG
D1(t
n), SIG
D2(t
n), SIG
D3(t
n) be coupled to identical noise in the identical time with identical space, so DIFF
TD1(t
n), DIFF
TD2(t
n) and DIFF
TD3(t
n) result of signal differential eliminated noise figure.
For 2 finger touch systems, can use 3 reference sensors; System also can only be provided with 2 reference sensors through optimizing.
Above-mentioned exemplary method, its algorithm and framework can be in use to the projection-type capacitive touch screen systems that point more.Many fingers system can report the coordinate of pointing more than 3 or 3 of same time to host.In order to obtain accurate judgement to the EMI noise; Need to observe the restriction of minimum transducer spacing, on the other hand, for obtaining finger feed-in The noise; Also need observe the restriction of maximum sensor distance, linear in the complexity that puts processing before this with the reference sensor number.
The 6th the step, according to the 3rd the step in content, be exactly according to set line of induction choosing method, choose in the sensor matrices the next target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction.Method step and the 3rd step are identical, carry out the process in the 5th step of the 4th step then; Repeated for the three the 4 5th steps, all accomplish the process in the 345 step, be referred to as to accomplish a frame (Frame) as the target line of induction until each bar line of induction of capacitance plate.
Fig. 4 has represented that above-mentioned the 5th step reads the process flow diagram of judgement with the 6th step driving, and example shown in the figure is that sensor array is shown 32 lines of induction, and the select target line of induction is according to 1,2 ... 32 label is in sequence.
After the processing of the 7th step, every completion one frame, digital processing unit is judged the situation of finger touch according to the total data of existing sensor array between the particular memory of storage pocket, and main process comprises:
(7.1) calculate finger touches situation and record according to present array.This process mainly is to pick out a few line of induction information, and there is a big difference with other most lines of induction for the status information that they are kept in storage space, and for example the absolute value of signal surpasses certain preset threshold value.
(7.2) report by mistake in order to reduce touch-screen system, algorithm is removed isolated " pseudo-touching " point, and for example: " finger touch " that on time and space, happens suddenly simultaneously should be removed.Temporal " burst finger touch incident " is that finger signal is flashed on frame history, and it is stable frame number to occur less than preset value, for example only in 1 frame, finger signal occurs, and frame is 1/10000 second at interval; Such signal demand is excluded." burst finger signal " on the space; Be meant in specific locus; Finger can not only touch the only a few line of induction in the sensor array, for example near the tip of sensor, as long as finger is arranged; Can not only touch a tip, necessarily also touch near most advanced and sophisticated other sensors; Therefore, this touch signal that spatially " flashes " is that some unknown NF produces, and should be deleted.
(7.3) calculate the finger coordinate points with interpolation or spline method, or claim the touch point; And the track of judging many fingers distributes calculating gesture or gesture trend.This part mainly comprises the method for using specific numerical evaluation, and interpolation goes out coordinate points accurately, because point when touching touch-screen; Its scope is not limited to a sensor, maybe be between several sensing station, and interpolation method can be linear; Or secondary, or batten.Another main processing process is the track that calculates out the finger operation according to frame history, or the possible track trend of anticipation finger operation.
(7.4) under the situation that host requires, to host report finger coordinate, track, gesture.
The 8th step, according to the result in the 7th step, judge the disposal route and the time interval of next frame, mainly contain five kinds of situation:
(8.1) during the 7th step, receive the host and order or perceive preset special touch manner; For example receive the instruction that the subsequent operation of direct this frame of termination is returned; Or the preset mode that all lines of induction all are touched on touch screen; Then accomplish and handle corresponding operation, return aforementioned the 3rd step then.
(8.2) the 7th steps did not detect any finger touches, and the front is counted frame and do not detected finger signal.At this moment, judge that capacitance plate is in operatorless pattern, at this moment the relieving system processing speed for example reduces system clock frequency, returns aforementioned the 3rd step then.
(8.3) in the 7th step, detect finger touch, have from space distribution to judge it is not noise signal, and the data that do not have finger touch fully of former frame.At this moment, judgement is that finger begins to touch capacitance plate, at this moment accelerates system handles speed, for example improves system clock frequency and returns aforementioned the 3rd step then.Or take a sample test near the situation the line of induction of finger signal; Be under the constant situation of system works frequency; Next frame is made up of the line of induction half the or still less, repeats for the 3rd to the 7th step, and the result is in identical time range; Accomplish the frame processing speed of 2 times or more times, because handle that the line of induction sum of every frame reduces by half or still less.
(8.4) normal operating conditions returned for the 3rd step.
(8.5) indicate the entering battery saving mode according to the host, stop all work or part work, got into for the 9th step.
The 9th step, the order of wait host got into for the 3rd step, and perhaps the outage back is supplied power again, gets into for the 3rd step automatically.
Facts have proved that the inventive method can effectively reduce noise effect.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 presentation graphs 1 and Fig. 2 respectively remove the result behind the noise, can find out very clearly that the noise effect at Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is removed.Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 are many target lines of induction of sensor array, with clock periodicity, i.e. time; The variation of line of induction state value, line of induction state receives the EMI The noise among Fig. 1, almost can't identification; Noise effect is eliminated among Fig. 5, can be clear that the variation of finger signal.Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 6 be 2 specific lines of induction, the transverse axis of drawing is a clock periodicity, the longitudinal axis is a state value; Signal receives finger and introduces The noise among Fig. 2; Amplitude can't accurately judge, Fig. 6 is 2 lines of induction later states of eliminating the effects of the act, and can accurately obtain state value.
The present invention is owing to eliminate the common mode voltage transient noise of LCD self, the wave noise of power supply, the radiated noise of external environment effectively; Practiced thrift system resource overhead; Improved the yield rate of product, the finger trace of having improved capacitance touch control screen detects degree of accuracy.
In this instructions, the present invention is described with reference to its particular instance.But still can make various modifications and conversion obviously, and not deviate from spirit of the present invention, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. utilize the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method of the space parallax opposite sex; It is characterized in that: said projection-type capacitive touch screen system comprises projecting type capacitor screen and touch screen controller, and said projecting type capacitor screen comprises base material and forms sensor array attached to being arranged regularly by many lines of induction on the base material; Said touch screen controller comprises a plurality of identical analog circuitry processes device, selection control, digital processing unit and storeies; Said a plurality of analog processor purposes is divided into two types, and one type is used for driving and reading the target line of induction, i.e. target simulation processor, and another kind of being used for drives and reads with reference to the line of induction, promptly with reference to analog processor; Said selection control circuit comprises target line of induction selection control circuit and selects control circuit with reference to the line of induction, connects said every type the analog processor and the pairing line of induction respectively; The said target line of induction is meant at current time, one or one group of line of induction or a plurality of line of induction group from the whole lines of induction of sensor array, being selected by the target selection control circuit; Said being meant in order to get rid of ambient noise interference with reference to the line of induction influences; Judge to calculate the action of touching on the capacitance plate more accurately, by the line of induction that is different from the target line of induction with reference to the locus of selecting control circuit to choose or one group of line of induction or a plurality of line of induction group; Independently of one another between said every line of induction or the line of induction group, there is not interaction relation, independently receive the control of selection control;
Said method realizes as follows:
The first step, the select target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction
The order of order that the target selection control circuit provides by predefined order or randomizer or the digital processing unit of receiving indication, switch arrays of controlling in it open and close, and the target simulation processor dynamically is connected to the target line of induction;
Selection with reference to the line of induction is identical with the selection course of the target line of induction; Promptly with reference to the order of the order of selecting control circuit to provide by predefined order or randomizer or the digital processing unit indication of receiving; The switch arrays of controlling in it open and close, and will dynamically be connected to reference on the line of induction with reference to analog processor; Be not that any line of induction in the sensor array all can be selected as with reference to the line of induction; Eliminate the difference of the noise source of noise along with needs; It is different to choose these alternative conditions with reference to the line of induction; Promptly different with reference to the restrictive condition of the minimum space distance of the line of induction and the target line of induction or maximum space distance; Said restrictive condition is be to eliminate the EMI noise effect, needs the chosen distance target line of induction above line of induction of 2 lines of induction distances line of induction as a reference at interval, put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine; Be coupled into the noise of induction system when eliminating the finger touches capacitance plate; Then need the at interval following line of induction of 2 lines of induction distances line of induction as a reference of the chosen distance target line of induction, put before this with reference to the selection of the line of induction can be further with reference to the current goal line of induction in induction arrays relative position and determine; Selection is that priority orders is arranged with reference to the process of the line of induction with the select target line of induction, and the promptly first selected target line of induction is selected with reference to the line of induction according to conditions such as target line of induction positions then; At synchronization, the target line of induction can not become himself the reference line of induction;
Second step; Drive the target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction; And their status information of reading back; Whole process for the target line of induction be identical with reference to the line of induction, and read any time in the process in driving, analog controller to the target line of induction with to handle action with reference to the electric signal of the line of induction identical; Analog processor is the line of induction of driving sensor array at first; Analog processor reads the signal of this line of induction from the line of induction simultaneously; With the target line of induction with reference to the analog voltage signal digitizing on the line of induction, obtain the current goal line of induction and with reference to the state of the line of induction.Then, digital processing unit is from the target simulation processor with reference in time reading the current goal line of induction the analog processor and with reference to the state of the line of induction, with deposit data in the storer of the corresponding position of the line of induction;
The 3rd step; Digital processing unit is according to the state of the current target line of induction, the state with reference to the line of induction, the historic state of the target line of induction and the align mode of the target line of induction; Whether have finger movable, and record finger activity departure if calculating the current goal line of induction, upgrade historic state; When the historic state of the said target line of induction is meant the last identical line of induction as the target line of induction, read and be stored in the line of induction state value of the pairing preset storage space position of this target line of induction; Said target line of induction align mode is a line of induction reference value in the sensor array, this target line of induction state value that obtains when promptly not having the finger touch screen;
The 4th the step, according to predetermined line of induction choosing method, choose in the sensor array the next target line of induction and with reference to the line of induction, the step and the first step are identical; Carry out the process in above-mentioned second step and the 3rd step then, and repeat all to accomplish above-mentioned the 3rd step, be referred to as to accomplish a frame (Frame) as the target line of induction until each bar line of induction of the sensor array line of induction;
After the 5th step, every completion one frame were handled, digital processing unit was judged the finger touch situation according to the total data of existing sensor array in the storer; And digital processing unit and host communication are to host report finger coordinate, track and gesture; Confirm the disposal route of next frame then according to the present situation; Said judgement finger situation comprises the position that one or more finger touch are arranged that calculates, and is called the position, touch point; The digital processing unit deletion is because the touch point of the wrong report on the space that noise condition causes; According to the result of this frame and historical some frames, comprehensive judgement, the deletion time distributes goes up irrational touch point; According to the result of this frame and historical some frames, comprehensively judge the finger touch track; Said definite next frame disposal route comprises and normally returns the first step, or system hibernates, or system's speed-raising operation, or system's fall-back, or other preset procedures.
2. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said each line of induction electrical structure, principle of work, workflow are all identical.
3. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: independently of one another between said every line of induction or the line of induction group, there is not interaction relation, and independently receive the control of selection control.
4. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: at any time; Except that the said target line of induction with reference to other lines of induction the line of induction are inverse lines of induction, and promptly these line of induction states can not be used to computing or judgement that the target line of induction is carried out.
5. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at any time, the said target line of induction be the different lines of induction with reference to the line of induction; But this can use the line of induction for referencial use in another time or space the target line of induction of current time, also can use as the target line of induction in another time or space with reference to the line of induction itself.
6. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said minimal number with reference to the line of induction is relevant with the finger number of touch-screen system resolution processing; The finger number of handling is many more, and required number with reference to the line of induction is many more.
7. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of said analog processor is more than or equal to 2, and the structure of analog circuitry processes device is identical.
8. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: whether the current goal line of induction is judged in calculating in said the 4th step has finger movable; And the method for record finger activity departure adopts a plurality of weighting subtractions; And these weighting subtraction result relatively, selects certain result's of storage effective information to be stored in the designated space position as the movable departure of finger then.
9. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said the 5th step; Other initialization process are that digital processing unit is higher than predetermined threshold value according to touch point distribution of this frame and the touch point distribution similarity of presetting, and carry out preset procedures, and promptly touch screen controller can contrast existing touch point situation; Judge and the preset touch control manner of foundation that preset function is carried out in redirect; Said preset function comprises calibration touch-screen reference value.
10. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the said first step; The 3rd step; The 4th step and the 5th step can be cured to special IC (ASIC), and perhaps as the firmware (Firmware) of application system DSP/MCU, perhaps the mode with software-driven (Driver) is implemented in the existing host system.
11. the projection-type capacitive touch screen system time domain noise-reduction method that utilizes the space parallax opposite sex according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said second step, the line of induction of the constant pressure source of analog processor use timesharing adjustable voltage and the constant current source driving sensor array of timesharing adjustable current.
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