Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of can control completely to every kind of nutrient release rate in granulated fertilizer, realize the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of all fertilizer releasing period differentiation in granulated fertilizer, and the preparation method of this composite fertilizer.This slow controlled release compound fertilizer has improved utilization rate of fertilizer greatly, be more conducive to meet crop in each stage the demand to nutrient.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of slow controlled release compound fertilizer, described composite fertilizer is granulated fertilizer, in granulated fertilizer, there is multiple nutrient, in described granulated fertilizer, the solia particle of every kind of nutrient is coated with the gluey film of the slow controlled release of one deck, is microencapsulated.
Described gluey film is at least one in resin, colloid, lipid.
The preparation method of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, comprises following order step:
1). prepare respectively various nutrients
1.. by the basic material fragmentation of single a kind of nutrient;
2.. broken basic material is added in high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; In high-speed mixer, add 2~8% colloidal material of basic material gross weight, make each particulate basic material and colloidal material fully stir, mix, each particulate basic material surface forms gluey film, is microencapsulated;
3.. according to step 1. and 2. prepare respectively the nutrient of other kind;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The various nutrients of microencapsulated are sent in tablets press, started granulator granulation, the nutrient of each microencapsulated is mixed mutually, form slow controlled release granule fertilizer.
The fragmentation of step in is 1. that basic material is crushed to 40~200 orders.
The colloidal material of step in is 2. molten state or liquid state, and adition process slowly adds for continuing.
The step 2. temperature in high speed mixing machine is 60~80 DEG C.
2. the middle time of stirring is 3~5min to step.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer is by dividing parcel slow release-controlled film to the every breeding in granulated fertilizer, reach the control completely to every kind of nutrient release rate in granulated fertilizer, realize the differentiation of all fertilizer releasing periods in granulated fertilizer, and then the anastomose property of raising fertilizer nutrient rate of release and plant nutrient uptake rate, avoid nutrient loss, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, reduces and has even stopped fertilizer waste and environmental pollution phenomenon.That preparation technology of the present invention has is simple, handled easily, production efficiency is high, cost is lower, the feature such as reliable and practical, is convenient to realize industrialized scale production.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1: the present invention is that particle diameter 1~4.75mm(particle diameter meets GB15063-2009 national standard and requires) the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of granule type, in granulated fertilizer 1, there are multiple nutrients 2, the gluey film 3 that is coated with the slow controlled release of one deck of each nutrient 2, each nutrient 2 is microencapsulated.The present invention makes by following embodiment, and following embodiment is several preferred version of the present invention, can not be with being construed as limiting protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
In the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, concrete preparation method comprises following order step:
1). prepare respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition
1.. by the basic material urea fragmentation of nitrogen nutrient, be crushed to 60~120 orders;
2.. broken urea is added in high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in high-speed mixer is 66 DEG C, in high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add 3% colloidal material of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight, colloidal material is liquid, make each particulate urea and colloidal material fully stir, mix, churning time is 5min, the surface of each particulate urea forms gluey film, and each particulate urea is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare respectively phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate) and potassium nutrition (basic material is Repone K) according to step, form respectively phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition are sent in tablets press to technique granulation routinely; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix mutually by means of materials such as the steam in tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1~4.75mm; Granulated fertilizer is dried, can be packed after cooling.
Above-mentioned colloidal material is resin (as polyoxyethylene glycol), has certain permeability and water-soluble.
embodiment 2
In the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, concrete preparation method comprises following order step:
1). prepare respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition
1.. by the basic material ammonium chloride fragmentation of nitrogen nutrient, be crushed to 80~120 orders;
2.. broken ammonium chloride is added in high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in high-speed mixer is 73 DEG C, in high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add the 5% colloidal material-resin of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight, colloidal material is molten state, make each particulate ammonium chloride and colloidal material fully stir, mix, churning time is 4min, the surface of each particulate ammonium chloride forms gluey film, and each particulate ammonium chloride is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare respectively phosphorus nutrient (basic material is calcium superphosphate) and potassium nutrition (basic material is Repone K, potassium sulfate) according to step, the colloidal material of phosphorus nutrient surface parcel is colloid, the colloidal material of potassium nutrition surface parcel is lipid, forms respectively phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition are sent in tablets press to technique granulation routinely; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix mutually by means of materials such as the steam in tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1~4.75mm; Granulated fertilizer is dried, can be packed after cooling.
embodiment 3
In the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, concrete preparation method comprises following order step:
1). prepare respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition
1.. by the basic material urea fragmentation of nitrogen nutrient, be crushed to 60~100 orders;
2.. broken urea is added in high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in high-speed mixer is 80 DEG C, in high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add 4% colloidal material-lipid and the colloid of (avoiding caking) urea gross weight, colloidal material is liquid, make each particulate urea and colloidal material fully stir, mix, churning time is 5min, the surface of each particulate urea forms gluey film, and each particulate urea is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare respectively phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate) and potassium nutrition (basic material is Repone K) according to step, the colloidal material of phosphorus nutrient and potassium nutrition surface parcel is resin, forms respectively phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition are sent in tablets press to technique granulation routinely; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix mutually by means of materials such as the steam in tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1~4.75mm; Granulated fertilizer is dried, can be packed after cooling.
embodiment 4
In the particle of above-mentioned slow controlled release compound fertilizer, comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition, concrete preparation method comprises following order step:
1). prepare respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition
1.. by the basic material urea of nitrogen nutrient and ammonium chloride fragmentation, be crushed to 120~185 orders;
2.. broken urea and ammonium chloride are added in high-speed mixer, start high-speed mixer; Temperature in high-speed mixer is 61 DEG C, in high-speed mixer, continue slowly to add 4% colloidal material of (avoiding caking) urea and ammonium chloride gross weight, colloidal material is liquid, make each particulate urea, ammonium chloride and colloidal material fully stir, mix, churning time is 3min, each particulate urea, ammonium chloride, and the surface of urea and ammonium chloride forms gluey film, is microencapsulated;
3.. 1. and 2. prepare respectively phosphorus nutrient (basic material is monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate) and potassium nutrition (basic material is Repone K) according to step, form respectively phosphorus nutrient and the potassium nutrition of microencapsulated;
2). the slow controlled release compound fertilizer of preparation
The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition are sent in tablets press to technique granulation routinely; The nitrogen nutrient of microencapsulated, phosphorus nutrient, potassium nutrition mix mutually by means of materials such as the steam in tablets press, washings, propylhomoserins, and granulating, form the slow controlled release granule fertilizer of particle diameter 1~4.75mm; Granulated fertilizer is dried, can be packed after cooling.
Above-mentioned colloidal material is resin (as polyoxyethylene glycol), has certain permeability and water-soluble.