Super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge protection controller
Technical field
The present invention relates to the charge protector field, particularly the quick charge resist technology of super capacitor energy-storage type elevator.
Background technology
Do retarded motion, when braking when the elevator traction machine drags car, its mechanical kinetic energy will discharge; When elevator brake, underloading is up and heavily loaded when descending its mechanical potential also will discharge.Receive the research of national governments, tissue, research institution and elevator enterprises for effective utilization of this part energy.Consider the negative effect that when effectively utilizing regenerated energy and energy feedback electrical network is caused, regenerated energy is effectively stored the emphasis that becomes research.Chinese patent CN1835329A discloses a kind of hybrid accumulator, with the storage of chargeable storage and super capacitor realization combining regenerated energy.U.S. Pat 6938733B2 also uses bank of super capacitors and is connected with dc bus through power adjustments equipment.
In the control method of elevator drive, adopt power electronic equipment mostly, the rectifier bridge that adopts in the device is easy to generate overcurrent, burns rectifying device, and it produces reason: the one, cause by rectification circuit inside; The 2nd, the rectifier bridge outside is short-circuited.Because the electric capacity of super capacitor is the farad level; Equivalent series resistance is very little; Charging current is very big, can improve charging rate greatly, yet above-mentioned two kinds of patents comprise the influence that big electric current causes rectification circuit when not considering super capacitor fast charging of other related patent U.S. Patent No..And the easy overvoltage that produces of DC side possibly cause permanent damage to super capacitor in the quick charge process.
The monomer operating voltage of ultracapacitor is very low; Be generally 1 ~ 3V; Can not overvoltage in the use; What application was more at present is the parallel connection overvoltage crowbar at the ultracapacitor two ends, when the ultracapacitor voltage is too high when charging, is that ultracapacitor is operated under the rated voltage through the overvoltage crowbar shunting.And these methods need to detect in real time whether overvoltage of ultracapacitor two ends, if the testing circuit accuracy reduces, then protect effect to lose efficacy, in the voltage bigger occasion of floating, the less stable of this protective circuit.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve when the quick charge of super capacitor energy-storage rectification circuit is carried out overcurrent protection and super capacitor is carried out the problem of overvoltage protection, a kind of super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge protection controller that has the three-level protective circuit is provided.The present invention has adopted three-level protective to super capacitor energy-storage in the elevator for this reason, and the present invention combines three-level protective and super capacitor energy-storage type elevator driver the important function of protection has been described.
Technical scheme
The super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge that has the three-level protective circuit provided by the invention protects controller as shown in Figure 1; Comprise the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of the three-phase that is connected with three phase network 1; The three-level protective circuit of the output connecting band bank of super capacitors of the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase; The three-level protective circuit of band bank of super capacitors connects the three-phase inverter 4 that is made up of IGBT inverse parallel diode (led) module; Elevator traction motor 5 is received in three-phase inverter 4 outputs, and the three-level protective circuit 3 of band bank of super capacitors connects control circuit 7 through signal conditioning circuit 6 simultaneously; The three-level protective circuit 3 of band bank of super capacitors is made up of first order current-limiting circuit 8, DC side filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9, first voltage detecting circuit 10, second voltage detecting circuit 11, bank of super capacitors 12, second level protective circuit 13, dc bus current testing circuit 14, third level protective circuit 15; Described three-level protective circuit is meant first order current-limiting circuit 8, second level protective circuit 13 and third level protective circuit 15 (Fig. 1 is launched to obtain circuit diagram shown in Figure 2); Wherein
First order current-limiting circuit 8: compose in parallel by the reactor and the first contactor normally-closed contact K1, be connected on the dc bus between uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase and the inverter 4 current limliting when being used for precharge;
DC side filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9: be parallel to the output of the above first order current-limiting circuit 8 of dc bus, be used for the high order harmonic component of the said first order current-limiting circuit 8 output DCs stream of filtering;
First voltage detecting circuit 10: be parallel to DC side; Be used for detecting in real time the magnitude of voltage of DC side; Described first voltage detecting circuit 10 is made up of Hall voltage transducer 17, input resistance 16 and first sampling resistor 18; Input resistance 16 is connected on Hall voltage transducer 17+IN end, and first sampling resistor 18 is connected in parallel between the OUT end and ground of Hall voltage transducer 17;
Second level protective circuit 13: form by the non-isolation type bidirectional DC-DC converter, combine as the pre-charge circuit of bank of super capacitors 12 with described first order current-limiting circuit 8, be parallel to DC side with the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase; Current limliting and overvoltage protection when described second level protective circuit 13 is used for bank of super capacitors 12 precharge on the one hand, overcurrent when being used for lift energy feedback on the other hand and overvoltage protection;
Bank of super capacitors 12: the output that is connected in parallel on inductance L 2 in the second level protective circuit 13; The rich energy and the regenerated energy of elevator feedback of electrical network when described bank of super capacitors 12 stores elevator on the one hand and normally moves as energy storage device, the emergency power supply when for elevator power consumption next time operation portion of energy being provided with power failure on the other hand;
Second voltage detecting circuit 11: be parallel to bank of super capacitors 12 two ends; Be used for detecting in real time the magnitude of voltage at bank of super capacitors 12 two ends; Described second voltage detecting circuit 11 is made up of Hall voltage transducer 17, input resistance 16 and first sampling resistor 18; Input resistance 16 is connected on Hall voltage transducer 17+IN end, and first sampling resistor 18 is connected in parallel between the OUT end and ground of Hall voltage transducer 17;
Dc bus current testing circuit 14: be used for detecting in real time the electric current that flows through on the dc bus; Described current detection circuit 14 is made up of the Hall current sensor 19 and second sampling resistor 20, and second sampling resistor 20 is connected in parallel between the output and ground of Hall current sensor 19; The lead of tested electric current passes from the holes in the middle of the Hall current sensor 19, will produce current signal at the output of Hall current sensor 19, through second sampling resistor 20 this current signal is converted into (5V ,+voltage signal between 5V) is exported;
Third level protective circuit 15: be parallel to DC side, when being used for lift energy feedback, when said bank of super capacitors 12 has been full of electric energy, the energy of feedback again consumed with the heat energy form;
Signal conditioning circuit 6: be used for the scope of Hall element output for (5V ,+5V) voltage signal convert control chip DSP acceptable (3V, the+3V) voltage signal in the scope into;
Control circuit 7: adopt the TMS320X281xDSP of TI company to be the control core; The one, the voltage signal of signal conditioning circuit 6 is carried out the AD conversion; The 2nd, the logic determines when carrying out charge protection, the 3rd, the break-make of IGBT in the pwm signal control inverter 4 that produces through chip and the third level protective circuit 15.
The present invention compared with prior art has following effective effect:
In the drive unit for lift of using the bank of super capacitors energy storage, overcurrent and over-voltage protection technique have been added; Through said first order current-limiting protection and second level current limliting pressure regulation protection, can guarantee that rectification circuit is avoided producing excessive charging current and undermined when precharge.Super capacitor is burnt in dc voltage generation " pump is given birth to voltage " when simultaneously, having avoided charging.Through said third level protection, can guarantee that bank of super capacitors has been full of under the situation of electric energy when the energy feedback, unnecessary energy is discharged with the heat energy form, reduce influence to super capacitor.The present invention controls simply, is easy to realize the quick charge of bank of super capacitors in the elevator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge protection controller block diagram that has the three-level protective circuit provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge protection controller circuitry expanded view that has the three-level protective circuit provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is applied voltage testing circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is used current detection circuit among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is used signal conditioning circuit among the present invention.
Among the figure; Protective circuit, 101 in the three-level protective circuit of 1 three phase network, the uncontrollable rectifier of 2 three-phases, 3 band bank of super capacitors, 4 inverters, 5 elevator traction motors, 6 signal conditioning circuits, 7 control circuits, 8 first order current-limiting circuits, 9 DC side filter capacitors, 10 first voltage detecting circuits, 11 second voltage detecting circuits, 12 bank of super capacitors, 13 second level protective circuits, 14 dc bus current testing circuits, 15 third level protective circuits, 16 input resistances, 17 Hall voltage transducers, 18 first sampling resistors, 19 Hall current sensors, 20 second sampling resistors, 21 level shifting circuits, 22 level lifting circuits, 23 signal conditioning circuits; 102; 103 detection signals, 104; 105; The input signal of the current signal that 106 control circuits output signal, 107,108 Hall voltage transducer input ports, 109 Hall voltage transducers are allowed, 110 Hall voltage transducer outputs, 111 voltage signals, 112 tested current signals, 113 Hall current sensor outputs, 114 voltage signals, 115 signal conditioning circuits, 116 level shifting circuits output signal, 117 level lifting circuits output signal, 118 signal conditioning circuits output signal through the output of second sampling resistor through the output of first sampling resistor.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1 with accompanying drawing 2 and combine embodiment to specify the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the circuit expanded views that Fig. 1 had the super capacitor energy-storage type elevator quick charge protection controller block diagram of three-level protective circuit; Comprise: three phase network 1; Its output connects the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase through mains switch K0; The dc bus series connection first order current-limiting circuit 8 of output; And parallelly connected successively filter capacitor 9, second level protective circuit 13 and third level protective circuit 15; The three-phase inverter 4 that constitutes via IGBT inverse parallel diode (led) module then connects three-phase AC traction motor 5, and bank of super capacitors 12 is connected to the output of inductance L 2 in the second level protective circuit 13, and dc bus current testing circuit 14 is connected on the dc bus; DC side first voltage detecting circuit 10 is connected in parallel on respectively on dc bus and the bank of super capacitors with bank of super capacitors end second voltage detecting circuit 11, and it is control control core circuit 7 output control signals with DSP that detection signal is connected to a cover through signal conditioning circuit 6.
The uncontrollable rectifier 2 of said three-phase constitutes pre-charge circuit with said first order current-limiting circuit 8; Said first order current-limiting circuit 8 is composed in parallel by reactor L1 and contactor normally-closed contact K1, is used for preventing that dc voltage from setting up the overcurrent that the incipient stage produces the rectification circuit diode is caused damage.
Said filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 is used for the high order harmonic component of filtering rectifier 2 outputs; Said second level protective circuit 13 is made up of non-isolation type DC-DC converter; Combine as the pre-charge circuit of bank of super capacitors 12 with rectifier 2 and described first order current-limiting circuit 8; Be parallel to DC side, current limliting and overvoltage protection when described second level protective circuit 13 is used for said bank of super capacitors 12 precharge on the one hand, overcurrent when being used for lift energy feedback on the other hand and overvoltage protection.
Said third level protective circuit 15 is a leadage circuit, can guarantee that bank of super capacitors 12 has been full of under the situation of electric energy when the energy feedback, and unnecessary energy is discharged with the heat energy form, reduces the influence to super capacitor.
Voltage, current information that the detection signal 101,102,103 of said first voltage detecting circuit 10, second voltage detecting circuit 11 and said dc bus current testing circuit 14 is gathered through described signal conditioning circuit 6 outputs in real time constitute signal sample circuit, control the break-make of the switch of three-level protective circuit respectively through described control circuit 7 output control signals 104,105,106.
Like Fig. 3; The input of described first voltage detecting circuit 10 and second voltage detecting circuit 11 is parallel to the two ends of filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 and bank of super capacitors 12 respectively; Form by Hall voltage transducer 17, input resistance 16 and first sampling resistor 18; Its sampling process is: tested voltage signal 107 is applied to and is converted into the current signal 109 that the Hall element error is allowed on the input resistance 16, according to Hall effect, produces with+IN at the OUT of Hall voltage transducer 17 end and to hold into the current signal 110 of fixed proportion (turn ratio); This current signal is converted into (5V ,+voltage signal 111 between 5V) under the effect of first sampling resistor 18.
With reference to Fig. 4; Said dc bus current testing circuit 14 is series in the dc bus; Its sampling process is: lead (tested electric current 112) passes from the Hall current sensor mesopore, according to Hall effect, produces the current signal 113 that becomes fixed proportion (turn ratio) with tested electric current 112 sizes at the OUT of Hall current sensor 19 end; This current signal is converted into (5V ,+voltage signal 114 between 5V) under the effect of second sampling resistor 20.
Said signal conditioning circuit 6 mainly is made up of operational amplifier and resistance etc., and totally 3 the tunnel, (this figure is the one-channel signal modulate circuit, and wherein testing circuit 10,11 and 14 respectively connects 1 road signal conditioning circuit) as shown in Figure 5.Its signal condition process is: input size for (5V ,+voltage signal 115 between 5V) is converted into size through level shifting circuit 21 and is (1.65V by linear relationship; 1.65V) between voltage signal 116, and then through level lifting circuit 22 with size (1.65V, the voltage signal 116 between 1.65V) is promoted to (0V; + voltage signal 117 between 3.3V), last, cause that for preventing that measured signal is excessive signal after the conditioning exceeds the level height that DSP allows; Set up protective circuit 23, guarantee that voltage signal 117 satisfies the requirement of control circuit to level, when voltage signal 116 be higher than+during 3.3V; Embed diode current flow; Output signal 118 maintain+3.3V, when signal 117 0V and+3.3V between the time, the output signal 118 of signal conditioning circuit 13 equates with signal 117.
With reference to Fig. 2; Control circuit described in the present invention 7 adopts the TMS320X281xDSP of TI company to be the control core; The one, the voltage signal of signal conditioning circuit is carried out the AD conversion; The 2nd, the logic determines when carrying out charge protection, the 3rd, the break-make of IGBT during the pwm signal control inverter that produces through chip is protected with the third level.
The course of work
To specify when precharge and the electric energy feedback the super capacitor energy-storage type elevator driver that has the three-level protective circuit below:
1, said bank of super capacitors 12 precharge current limlitings, overvoltage protection
In super capacitor energy-storage type elevator drives; Need carry out precharge to DC side filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 and bank of super capacitors 12 for the normal operation of assurance elevator, its course of work is: closed elevator drive appliance mains switch K0, insert three phase network power supply 1; The uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase is started working; With the three-phase alternating current electric rectification is direct current, and filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 and bank of super capacitors 12 are carried out precharge, begins to set up direct voltage.For the overcurrent that prevents to produce in the electric capacity charging process punctures the diode in the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of three-phase, in the pre-charge process, the contacts of contactor K1 that control circuit 7 sends in the control signal 104 control first order current-limiting circuits 8 breaks off the L1 place in circuit.Among the present invention, because said filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 differs huge (differing from 6 one magnitude approximately) with bank of super capacitors 12 capacitances, so charging process is different; Filtering capacitance of voltage regulation 9 is low because of its capacitance; In the process that dc voltage is set up, its voltage rises quickly rapidly, after voltage detecting circuit 10 detects its terminal voltage value and reaches set threshold value 2.34U2; The contacts of contactor K1 that control circuit 7 sends in the control signal 104 control first order current-limiting circuits 8 is closed, excision L1; Because the DC side voltage rises quickly rapidly; " pump is given birth to voltage " that produce is prone to cause damage to bank of super capacitors 12; Between DC side and bank of super capacitors 12, add second level protection for this reason, send control signal 105 through control circuit 7 and control the non-isolation type bidirectional DC-DC converter and regulate the voltage that is input to bank of super capacitors 12 two ends and charge.
2, hoisting motor 5 is in the regenerative braking state, the elevator feedback energy
Up when elevator, heavily loaded descending in underloading; Perhaps during retarding braking; Hoisting motor 5 is in the Way of Regenerating Energy Feedback on-position; The mechanical energy (comprising mechanical kinetic energy and mechanical potential) of elevator operation converts direct current into and feeds back to DC side through the fly-wheel diode in hoisting motor 5 and the inverter 4.Diode has only unidirectional conduction in the uncontrollable rectifier 2 of said three-phase, and rectifier 2 bears reverse voltage and do not work, and the energy of feedback is given filter capacitor 9 and bank of super capacitors 12 chargings.Detect the voltage difference Δ V of dc bus quiescent voltage and dynamic electric voltage through first voltage detecting 10; When elevator is in the energy regenerating condition; Dc voltage is raise; When dynamic electric voltage and quiescent voltage difference DELTA V satisfied set point, control circuit 7 output signals 105 started the bidirectional DC-DC converter reverse-conductings, and the elevator feedback energy is stored in the bank of super capacitors 12.Bank of super capacitors 12 has been full of under the situation of electric energy when the energy feedback, and control circuit 7 output signals 105 are closed bidirectional DC-DC converter, exports signal 106 control third level protective circuit work simultaneously, and the form of unnecessary energy with heat energy discharged.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.