CN102722097A - Universal time clock and zone time calculation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pointer-type universal time clock and a zone time calculation method thereof. A dial (1) of the clock represents the globe, the ordinate from 12 o'clock to 0 o'clock on the dial (1) is the meridian circle of a local time, the rotation of an hour hand (8) is consistent with the apparent diurnal motion of the mean sun, the mean solar day is calculated from the meridian circle, the hour hand (8), a minute hand (9) and a second hand (10) start from zero hour every day, a central warp (7) of a required time zone 5 on a universal time index dial (4) is positioned at 12 on the dial (1), the hour hand indicates the zone time of the local while indicating a geographic longitude (6) of the apparent diurnal motion at the same instant through the universal time index dial (4), and the zone time of a place in any country or city, required to be read at the same instant, can be simply and conveniently calculated by adopting the apparent diurnal position method very scientifically.

Description

Computing method when universal time-piece and district thereof

Technical field

Computing method when the present invention relates to a kind of pointer-type world clock table and district thereof.

Background technology

Along with arrival information-based, global age; Greatly change and expanded the mode and the scope of people's activities; The world has become genuine " global village ", thus force people changing all the time as time of general knowledge be idea fully separately and independently with respect to the space.The characteristic of time is not only continuous, even, a stable frequency, traditional clock and watch and when district computing method, can not satisfy and adapt to the demand of development of times and timing far away.

China national practical new-type patent instructions CN2322165Y discloses a kind of clock and watch that clock of simulating earth rotation; It is characterized in that; Clock and watch the time, branch, second hand counterclockwise rotate with the earth rotation direction synchronous; 24 small time takings of dial plate and 60 minute, second scales also are to arrange counterclockwise; The disc hour hands that indicate the earth 24 time zone charts and earth vertical view at one in device on the dial plate are enclosed within on the hour hands wheel shaft and rotate counterclockwise synchronously with hour hands, during use hour hands are overlapped with time zone, destination line on these disc hour hands to get final product, and have realized that so-called hour hands and earth rotation are synchronous in the same way; And hour hands point to the sun forever, can understand thoroughly global space-time through the disc hour hands.China national practical new-type patent instructions CN2040652U also discloses a kind of clock and watch of automatic demonstration world's timing; It is characterized in that; 24 hours World time disk of device and one and the corresponding city name dish in 24 time zones, the world on the dial plate of 12 hours clock and watch of a routine; The matable assembly of this 12-24 hour system can be accomplished by a conventional watch and clock movement, also can be accomplished by two conventional watch and clock movements respectively.During use; Rotate the world city name disk; The indication point that makes its residence coincides at the place during with conventional 12 hours dial plates 12, and the standard time of the existing residence of expression, at this moment the indication point correspondence in other city, the world is on the time of 24 hours World time disks; Be respectively the standard time in that time zone, place, city; Hour hands were walked two circles in 12 hours, and World time disk took a round in the other direction in 24 hours, can let people from all walks of life see the required current time of going to city, arbitrary time zone, the world intuitively in its current area of living.Because the scientific and technological content of the clock clock and watch and the automatic demonstration world Chronograph timepiece of this analoglike earth rotation is not high, practicality is not strong, so these clock and watch are difficult to see on market.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of universal time-piece that meets modern time measuring principle and clocking method, simultaneously, computing method when the present invention also provides the district of the mutually unified world time zone of a kind of time and space.The mode with meter reading calculated when making the district that only is confined to professional domain gets into daily life becomes possibility.

Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, universal time-piece of the present invention mainly comprises movement, and watchcase, dial plate and pointer etc., hour hands revolve that to turn around be 24 hours, divides, second hand revolves that to turn around be 60 minutes, 60 seconds; 12 o'clock and 30 minute, second scales and 0 o'clock and 60 minute, second scales lay respectively at the top and the below of dial plate ordinate; 6 o'clock and 15 minute, second scales and 18 o'clock and 45 minute, second scales lay respectively at the left of dial plate horizontal ordinate and right-hand; Other small time taking; Divide, a second scale postpones successively and arranges, 24 o'clock moment coincided with at 0 o'clock, hour hands, minute hand, second hand are mutually initial at 0: 0: 0 every day; At the same coordinate of dial plate along universal time index dial of small time taking device; Division and corresponding geographic longitude thereof, the central meridian of world time zone are arranged on the universal time index dial, and mechanism did not have drive connection when universal time index dial and movement were walked, and positioning relation is just arranged when the central meridian in each time zone or geographic longitude and dial plate 12; Rotate the universal time index dial; When being positioned dial plate 12 to the central meridian of required local time zone, clock and watch just switch on the local time zone, push pointer the moment of local time zone; Hour hands are also being indicated the geographic longitude with mean sun apparent motion in a flash through the universal time index dial when indication is when regional.

Computing method are during the district of universal time-piece of the present invention; When needs are read the district with any country in the world in a flash or city, area when (during theoretical district); Computing method with mean sun apparent motion geographic position: promptly the mode of meter reading from hour hands indications when regional; On the time zone central meridian when being transformed into district under the geographic longitude of the same mean sun apparent motion in a flash of constantly indicating on the scale in the world; During for upper transit 12, be that basic point reads 12 with the pairing integral point small time taking of the central meridian in this time zone, principle and method with the difference of hour angle of mean sun during with the district; Be the up time skill of handling needles or the inverse time skill of handling needles and meridian circle method, then very science calculates easily.

The technical characterictic and the advantage of universal time-piece of the present invention and universal time calculating method thereof are; The base area revolutions are this natural law of sun diurnal motion, with measuring method and the principle of world time zone and the technical scheme that method is applied to the clock and watch timing of mean solar time.

The earth is rotation from West to East, but the imperceptible earth of tellurian people rotating, and what people felt is the rotation of celestial sphere---the relative motion of earth rotation, promptly see day, month, stars diurnal motion from east to west.Uranology promptly is to measure earth rotation through the rotation of celestial sphere.One week of earth rotation is one, on celestial sphere, selects different RPs that the different rotation periods is just arranged.With mean sun is RP, mean sunly doublely is called for 1 mean solar day through the meridian time interval of same observation station, and the time of our clock and watch is unit with the mean solar time.Therefore, the dial plate of universal time-piece of the present invention is represented the earth, and dial plate does not rotate, the meridian circle in the LZT of being exactly to 0 o'clock ordinate during from dial plate 12; When being positioned dial plate 12 to the central meridian in required time zone on the universal time index dial, realize the switching in time zone, the universal time index dial does not promptly rotate; The small time taking of dial plate is corresponding with the division of the geographic longitude of the earth and world time zone; The diurnal motion that the rotation of hour hands and celestial body are mean sun is consistent; Indicating the geographic position of mean sun apparent motion, hour hands arrive at 12 o'clock, promptly mean sun moment through afternoon circle be upper transit, the mean noon; Hour hands arrive at 0 o'clock, and promptly mean sun moment through subloop is lower transit, mean night; Mean solar day starts at from subloop, is 0: 0: 0 with mean sun lower transit, and therefore, hour hands, minute hand, second hand are mutually initial at 0: 0: 0 every day.The clocking method that meets the mean solar time.Figure representes with celestial coordinates: be that fundamental circle is represented celestial equator

because the east-west direction of the earth is confirmed with earth rotation with the dial plate cylindrical 1.; Recognize note through right-hand rule; Promptly imagine the right hand and hold the earth's axis; The vertical directed north star of thumb, the direction of four fingers is then represented the direction of earth rotation from West to East.Therefore, see in the sky, the arctic earth rotation be counterclockwise---from West to East, the diurnal motion of celestial sphere is a CW---from east to west, (then opposite above the Antarctic) is so the center of circle representative and observer's latitude north pole P of the same name of dial plate _N, be the high utmost point.2. the diurnal motion of the rotation of hour hands and celestial body mean sun

is consistent; Indicating the geographic position of mean sun apparent motion, the meridian through mean sun geographic position is the mean sun hour circle.3. cross center of circle P _N, the ordinate representative and the celestial equator of dial plate

Perpendicular vertical fundamental circle sky meridian circle, wherein, noon circle intersects at some Q with celestial equator, is positioned at visible celestial sphere, i.e. the mid point that encloses of noon, the moment that enclose mean sun afternoon is a upper transit 12 ^hSubloop and celestial equator intersect at down some Q ', are positioned at invisible celestial sphere, i.e. the mid point of subloop, and the mean sun moment that crosses subloop is a lower transit 0 ^h4. cross center of circle P _N, the horizontal ordinate of dial plate is represented the transverse axis of observer's celestial horizon (should be oval), and the intersection point of celestial horizon and noon circle is positive south point S near south celestial pole, and the intersection point of celestial horizon and subloop is positive north point N, celestial horizon and celestial equator near celestial north pole

Get two intersection points, towards positive south point S, left-hand side intersection point 6 ^hThe place is positive east point E, right-hand side intersection point 18 ^hThe place is positive Western-style pastry W.5. mean solar day starts at from subloop, hour hands, minute hand, second hand every day 00 ^h00 ^m00 ^sQ ' is mutually initial in lower transit, and promptly starting at a little of mean solar day is mean sun

Along celestial equator

The arc distance that leaves subloop westwards is to be mean sun circumference hour angle t, 1 "=0.067 ^s, 1 '=4 ^s, 1 °=4 ^m, 15 °=1 ^hTherefore, it is the earth's core reference system coordinate astronomical model of benchmark with Northern Hemisphere observer that the technical characterictic of universal time-piece of the present invention is one, and has the unitarity of space-time.

For example: our travelling that goes down by train arrived the destination to early 6 o'clock next day by leaving in 18 o'clock evenings of the same day.18 o'clock and the position of 6 o'clock scales of universal time-piece technical scheme of the present invention; Be the right and the left side at the dial plate horizontal ordinate; The lower half circle that hour hands rotated dial plate from 18 o'clock to 6 o'clock, just like the sun fall from the local horizon in west, rise in the local horizon eastwardly, here; We can be the mean sun true sun that is interpreted as of hour hands indications, and are consistent to the diurnal motion of the sun with us.When hour hands pointed to 0, the sun passed through the moment of subloop under our sole just in lower transit, the moment of promptly new daystart.What Here it is universal time-piece of the present invention was given is the local time of benchmark and the notion in space with observer's meridian circle.This is not simple symbolic metaphor, and this conforms with the science reason.It is the phenomenon round the clock that sun diurnal motion produces that people's concept of time comes from earth rotation; In the different latitude of the earth and the variation of Along with season; Going out of the sun is busy, orientation and middle day height have nothing in common with each other, and people's apparent motion and middle day phenomenon through the sun to be familiar with the principle of Measuring Time be identical and constant.Therefore, even under south, arctic polar day, the situation at polar night, universal time-piece of the present invention can play the effect that the natural rhythm and pace of moving things that helps the biological clock and the earth is consistent.

The technical characterictic of universal time-piece universal time index dial of the present invention, the imbody of clocking capability when then being its district.The mean solar time that on 0 meridian circle, records is called the Greenwich local mean time, promptly claims Greenwich mean time, is called for short the GMT.Rotate the universal time index dial, when being positioned dial plate 12 to 0 ° of geographic longitude, clock and watch just switch on 0 meridian circle.At this moment, we see on dial plate: place's geographic longitude was 0 ° in 12 o'clock, and place's geographic longitude was 180 ° in 0 o'clock, was exactly 0 meridian circle, i.e. prime meridian from 12 o'clock to 0 o'clock ordinate of dial plate.At this moment; We can see, the universal time index dial is a benchmark with 0 ° of geographic longitude during from dial plate 12, left from 7.5 ° of east longitudes to being 0 time zone from 7.5 ° in west longitude (15 ° at interval of longitudes) to the right; Two borders with 0 time zone whenever are divided into a time zone at a distance from 15 ° to east longitude and west longitude respectively then; Left side half-turn is east longitude, 12 time zones, east, and right half-turn is west longitude, 12 time zones, west, locates to coincide for 180 ° in geographic longitude in east, 12 time zones, west; Be international date line, also claim that day line, the whole world are divided into 24 time zones.Timing characteristic when having embodied the principle that world time zone divides, method and district.We can see on dial plate:

(a) central meridian in 0 time zone is 0 °, and the longitude of all the other time zone central meridians is the area code in time zone and 15 ° multiple.That is:

λ＝Z·D×15°

(in the formula: λ is a time zone central meridian longitude, and ZD is the time zone area code.)

(b) central meridian in each time zone all corresponding small time taking of an integral point on dial plate; Represent each time zone all with the local mean time on the central meridian separately as the standard time in this time zone, when promptly distinguishing; Same time zone LZT difference be no more than half an hour; Differ whole hourage during the district in adjacent two time zones, and divide, second number is identical.That is:

Border, time zone longitude=λ ± 7.5 °

Greenwich is called universal time (UT) from the mean solar time that the midnight starts at.Push pointer 0: 0: 0, this moment, clock and watch show is exactly 0 o'clock GMT, be universal time (UT) 0 o'clock.At this moment, we it can also be seen that following rule on dial plate:

(a) Qu Shiji LZT and the difference of universal time equal the geographic longitude between them.

$\mathrm{ZT}\left(T\right)=T_G\±{\mathrm{\λ}}_W^E$

(in the formula: ZT is the time zone, T _GBe universal time.)

(b) different longitudes LZT difference equal the difference of longitude between two observers.

$\left.\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="HSA00000679004800011.png,HSA00000679004800031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="HSA00000679004800011.png,HSA00000679004800031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1\&PlusMinus;\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_W^E\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;\&lambda;}={\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2-{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1\end{array}\right\}$

(in the formula: known LZT T ₁Longitude λ ₁As the starting point longitude, the LZT T of requirement ₂Longitude λ ₂Then as the terminal point longitude, and judge the eastern E of Δ λ, western W name in view of the above.)

When (c) observer belongs to the district in time zone and the observer belong to longitude LZT poor, equal longitude poor between their place longitudes.

By LZT ask Qu Shiwei:

$\mathrm{ZT}=T\&PlusMinus;{\mathrm{\&Delta;\&lambda;}}_W^E$

(in the formula: in the LZT that T being, Δ λ=time zone central meridian longitude-observer belongs to longitude.)

In the LZT of asking during by the district be:

(in the formula: in the LZT that T being, Δ λ=observer belongs to longitude-time zone central meridian longitude.)

We also see on dial plate, in the time of when hour hands point to universal time 0, also indicate 180 ° of geographic longitudes through the universal time index dial, and the geographic position of representing mean sun apparent motion in a flash together is 180 ° of longitudes, and 180 ° of lines of longitude are the mean sun hour circle.At this moment; When we need read with the district of any country, the world in a flash constantly, calculating in the time of promptly will distinguishing; Then the mode of meter reading 0 o'clock from 0 time zone of hour hands indications; Be transformed into the same mean sun in a flash apparent motion geographic longitude of constantly indicating on the scale in the world and come up for 180 °, we have just realized one from observer's meridian circle being the local spacetime coordinates of benchmark, to one with mean sun apparent place be changed to the conversion of world time zone's equatorial coordinate of benchmark.At this moment, the mean sun apparent place of hour hands indications is represented 180 ° of longitudes, just is not 0 meridian lower transit, i.e. 0 o'clock mean night in 0 time zone; But with the upper transit of 180 ° of meridian circle equatorial coordinates of longitude in a flash, promptly 12 time zones the mean noon 12 o'clock.Because the mean solar time is to calculate for the hour angle of RP according to celestial body is mean sun.The meridian circle of two places is different on the earth, and is then also different to the mean sun hour angle of same celestial body with in a flash, thus LZT also different.With two places in a flash the difference of the mean sun hour angle of same celestial body is equaled the two places difference of longitude, thereby the difference in the LZT of with two places in a flash is numerically equal to the two places difference of longitude.Therefore; Through the universal time index dial with mean sun apparent motion 180 ° of upper transits of geographic longitude, the mean noon that 12 time zones being 12 o'clock; Principle and method according to the difference of hour angle of mean sun during with the district; We can calculate the time dummy status of the world time zone of such moment of implying on dial plate; That is: the mean sun this moment also upper transit of 11 the time zone central meridians in east longitude east to the west of 180 ° of the no show longitudes still, thus the local hour angle when being upper transit 12 with 12 time zones are mean sun separately poor all during the district in 11 time zones, east longitude east, respectively from 11 o'clock, 10 o'clock, 9 o'clock ... Be decremented to 0 o'clock of 0 time zone successively; And the mean sun this moment upper transit that has passed through 11 the time zone central meridians in west longitude west to the east of 180 ° of the longitudes; So the local hour angle when be upper transit 12 with 12 time zones are mean sun separately poor all during the district in 11 time zones, west longitude west moved back (the coinciding) that increase to 0 time zone respectively successively at 24 o'clock at 24 o'clock and 0 o'clock from 13 o'clock, 14 o'clock, 15 o'clock.Because earth rotation from West to East; The mean sun diurnal motion of doing from east to west; Meridian circle more local than the west with respect to local in the east meridian circle on the earth is illuminated by mean sun earlier, thereby, with respect to local the beginning earlier the mean solar day more local mean solar day in east than the west.Date be from when when area 0 the time start at; Suppose moment when this is certain month universal time 0 on the 2nd constantly; Our 0 time zone during from Greenwich 0, time zone of every eastwards mistake, during its district Zao 1 hour than universal time; Until during the district in 12 time zones, 180 ° of east of east longitude Zao 12 hours than universal time, so the time east longitude 180 ° of places the moment be 12 o'clock on the 2nd; And time zone of every westwards mistake, 0 time zone during from Greenwich 0; Then in its when district, was than world time lag 1 hour; Until during the district in 12 time zones, 180 ° of west of west longitude than world time lag 12 hours; So the time west longitude 180 ° of places the moment be 12 o'clock on the 1st, east longitude is same warp with 180 ° of coincidences of west longitude for 180 °, totally differs 1 day in the time of 180 ° of line both sides of geographic longitude.Here it is international date line, i.e. day line.Therefore, we can find out through the universal time index dial, during the district and universal time poor, and the area code number when equaling this district.That is:

Z·D＝ZT-T _G

T _G＝ZT-Z·D

(in the formula: ZD is the time zone area code, and ZT is the time zone, T _GBe universal time.)

During the district and LZT all have a little rule in big west, east.Therefore, clockwise, along the apparent motion of the sun direction, by east (from west longitude) westwards (to east longitude) pass through this line, the date will increase by 1 day, counterclockwise, contrary apparent motion of the sun direction, from western (from east longitude) eastwards (to west longitude) pass through this line, the date will deduct 1 day.Simultaneously; We also calculate on dial plate through the universal time index dial; East longitude one side to the east of 0 ° of the longitude is 0 o'clock on the 2nd, and west longitude one side to the west of 0 ° of the longitude is 24 o'clock on the 1st (24 o'clock moment coincided with at 0 o'clock), also totally differs 1 day in the time of 0 ° of both sides of 0 time zone central meridian; This is starting at a little of day Greenwich local mean time, that is the mean sun apparent place of 0 meridian circle the starting at a little of mean solar day when 180 ° of geographic longitudes are trivial during for lower transit 0.Therefore, clockwise, along the apparent motion of the sun direction, pass through this line date from east to west will deduct 1 day, counterclockwise, contrary apparent motion of the sun direction, passing through this line date eastwards from the west will increase by 1 day.International date line, be day line---180 ° of lines of geographic longitude, it is unique, fixing, and the time the starting at of mean solar day when trivial a little along with mean sun apparent motion changes.The principle and the method for computing method foundation during in sum, Here it is World clock of the present invention list area.We during the mutually unified district of this time and space computing method be referred to as the computing method in mean sun apparent motion geographic position, abbreviate the computing method of mean sun apparent place as or claim the method for mean sun apparent place.

Example: the Greenwich Observatory agreement is prepared at universal time 20 on May 2nd, 1984 with China Xujiahui astronomical observatory ^h30 ^m50 ^sObserve a certain fixed star simultaneously, ask the Ying Yu of China Xujiahui astronomical observatory when when (Beijing time) is observed?

Separate: rotate the universal time index dial, be positioned 12 o'clock of dial plate to 0 ° of 0 time zone central meridian, this clock table just switches on 0 time zone, push pointer 20: 30: 50 again, the clock and watch demonstration be exactly the GMT, be universal time.The computing method in the present invention is mean sun apparent motion geographic position are: a kind of meter reading mode is; We see on dial plate; Hour hands 20: 30: 50 GMT of indication, through the universal time index dial also indicate with mean sun apparent place in a flash be in western 9 time zones (127 ° 42 ' 30 in west longitude "), this moment; because the mean sun apparent place upper transit of 135 ° in no show west 9 time zone central meridian west longitudes also; so, though the mean sun hour circle is in western 9 time zones (127 ° 42 ' 30 in west longitude " local mean time be 12 o'clock), when its apparent place still belongs to the district in 8 time zones, 120 ° of west of starting at of central meridian west longitude (12: 30: 50).Another kind of easy meter reading mode is, because be with standard time, when distinguishing of the local mean time on the central meridian separately as this time zone during the district, thereby only differs whole hourage during the district, and divide, second number is identical.We can see on dial plate; The small time taking of each integral point all corresponding the central meridian in a time zone; 120 ° in the central meridian west longitude in 20 o'clock corresponding western 8 time zones; Because this moment hour hands at 20: 30: 50 the upper transit of 135 ° in pairing western 9 time zone central meridian west longitudes during no show 21 still also, so, when mean sun this moment apparent place still belongs to by the district in 8 time zones, 120 ° of west of starting at of central meridian west longitude (12: 30: 50).Principle and method according to the difference of hour angle of mean sun during with the district:

1. the up time skill of handling needles is (along the apparent motion of the sun direction, from east to west.) 20 o'clock read 12; Read in 21 o'clock to read 10 at 11,22 o'clock ... The reading that the clockwise small time taking that pursues integral point successively decreases successively, the reading of always reading 8 time zones, 120 ° of east of central meridian east longitude is 4, is exactly 4 o'clock; Because passing through day line in the reading clockwise; Date will increase by 1 day, adds branch, second time, answers: should observe 4: 30: 50 on the 3rd May.2. the inverse time skill of handling needles, (contrary apparent motion of the sun direction, from the west eastwards.) 20 o'clock read to read in 12,19 o'clock to read 14 at 13,18 o'clock ... The reading that the counterclockwise small time taking that pursues integral point increases progressively successively; When reading 8 reading be 0 still less than, continue the reading that increases progressively successively by the integral point small time taking counterclockwise, read to read 2 at 1,6 o'clock in 7 o'clock ... The reading of always reading 8 time zones, 120 ° of east of central meridian east longitude is 4, is exactly 4 o'clock; Because in counterclockwise reading, read and through 0, (this 0 is not on the dial plate during time scale 0, but the starting at a little of eastern 4 o'clock mean solar days when trivial.) date will increase by 1 day, adds branch, second time, answer: should observe 4: 30: 50 on the 3rd May.More than two kinds of methods be summarised as pithy formula and be:

The up time skill of handling needles 0 subtracts (1 day) along successively decreasing (1 hour), crossing, crosses the boundary and increase (1 day);

The inverse time skill of handling needles contrary increases progressively (1 hour), crosses and 0 increase (1 day), cross the boundary and subtract (1 day).

3. meridian circle method, when we the mode of meter reading from the hour hands indication when the area time be transformed into the universal time index dial, hour hands are indicated same mean sun in a flash apparent place be changed to upper transit, be to enclose at the noon 12 o'clock, read 12; And be mean sun in the other direction with hour hands in a flash apparent place be changed to lower transit, when being subloop 0, read 0.And then combine suitable or the inverse time skill of handling needles, can make sometimes and calculate shortcut and simple more.For example: Lee is born in certain month 5 afternoon earlier by Beijing Capital Airport proceed United States San Francisco travelling of going by air, and the air station flight timetable shows, departure time 16:25,9:25 time of arrival (local time).In the airport lounge be with the world map the digital universal time-piece of dial plate can provide and Beijing time with time in San Francisco in a flash, but can not in Mr.'s Li brains, build the time and space space-time concept(ion) together that combines.Mr. Li leaps the North Pacific by air, by plane eastwards; Pass day line, through 9 hours long-range flight, when his biological clock is during in second day (6 days) morning 1 25 minutes; And be 9: 25 (5 days) morning to San Francisco, destination, Mr. Li is in the space-time system of a mistake.If Mr. Li uses universal time-piece of the present invention, when being positioned dial plate 12 to 120 ° in 8 time zones, universal time index dial east, central meridian east longitude, clock and watch just switch on eastern 8 time zones, push pointer the moment of Beijing time again.When taking off, he sees on dial plate, 25 timesharing when hour hands energized north capital time 16; Through universal time index dial hour hands also indicate with under the geographic position of mean sun apparent motion in a flash (footpath, east 66 ° 15 ') during the district in eastern 4 time zones; This moment, eastern 4 time zones are 12: 25 high noons, and hour hands are western 8 time zones in the other direction; Promptly when San Francisco time is midnight 0 in a flash 25 minutes, meet the meridian circle computing method just.Calculate with the up time skill of handling needles then, read 0 but not through 0, answer is same day (5 days) 0: 25 in the reading.Calculate with the inverse time skill of handling needles, deduct 1 through day line in the reading, but read and increase by 1 through 0, the two counteracting, answer still be at 0: 25 same day (5 days).Mr. Li has had the notion in these times and space in brains through meter reading; And on the road through meter reading once more; Be transformed into the Beijing time of hour hands indication on the universal time index dial with on the geographic position of mean sun apparent motion in a flash; Calculating when distinguishing, global space-time is all in and haves in one's pocket.Mr. Li can also shift to an earlier date when switching to the district in western 8 time zones to the time of clock and watch, advances people San Francisco time, or experiences the marvellous sensation that this passes through " time tunnel " in one's sleep.When arriving San Francisco, destination, perhaps can tackle the process of this space-time conversion preferably.

Because LZT be no in daily life, universal time-piece of the present invention is as the general civilian unnecessary needs that calculate satisfy technically LZT, but this calculates do not influence it and carry out LZT.Computing method in the LZT of universal time-piece of the present invention are to see through the universal time index dial that on dial plate the local time difference in same time zone is no more than half an hour, that is:

Border, time zone longitude=λ ± 7.5 °

(in the formula: λ is a time zone central meridian longitude.)

In the LZT of asking during by the district be:

(in the formula: in the LZT that T being, when ZT is the district, the longitude of Δ λ=desired place side-time zone central meridian longitude under it.)

In view of what a handful of countries' execution was arranged in the world is the system in half district; In the time of can being positioned dial plate 12 to the central meridian in its half district on the universal time index dial; Clock and watch just switch to local half district and come up, and hour hands also indicate the geographic longitude with mean sun apparent motion in a flash through the universal time index dial indication local half district's time; When same method with mean sun apparent place can calculate with the district in any country in the world or city, place in a flash; Only when calculating according to its adjacent east or western time zone, reduce by half clockwise hour, increase counterclockwise and get final product half an hour.If universal time-piece of the present invention is all used in the following whole world; Clock and watch hour hands so all over the world are with when indicating various places not during the same district in a flash, and the hour hands of their clock and watch all are being identical with the mean sun apparent motion geographic longitude through the indication of universal time index dial in a flash.

In sum, universal time-piece of the present invention also is the astronomical surveing appearance of a mean solar time, and dial plate is represented the earth, and the rotation of hour hands and mean sun diurnal motion are consistent, and the user promptly is the observer.Hour hands are when indication is when regional; Also indicating geographic position through the universal time index dial with mean sun apparent motion in a flash; In the time of in the LZT that needs are read the Qu Shiji with any country in the world in a flash or city, area, then with the method for mean sun apparent place very science calculate easily.Embody the principle of mutually unified key character in watch time and space and abundant scientific meaning and brief U.S.A.

Description of drawings

When Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are respectively dial plates of the present invention, branch, second scale be provided with the front view of different embodiments.

Fig. 4 is the front view of a kind of embodiment of universal time index dial of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the front view of a kind of embodiment of universal time-piece of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the front view of the another kind of embodiment of universal time-piece of the present invention.

Embodiment

Explain further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.

The movement of universal time-piece of the present invention can through when adjustment axle rotating ratio realize that promptly 24 hours/circle, 60 minutes/circle, 60 seconds/circle, it was mutually initial to be arranged on dial plate 1 ordinate below in 0: 0: 0.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 be dial plate small time taking 2, the different embodiments that divide, second scale 3 are provided with.Wherein, Fig. 2, branch, a second scale 3 shown in Figure 3 are arranged within the small time taking 2, and therefore, hour hands 8 are wanted corresponding increasing in following Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and minute hand 9,10 on second hand are wanted corresponding dwindling.Small time taking 2 shown in Figure 3 can be simplified arrangement according to certain rules.

Shown in Figure 4, universal time index dial 4 is made up of the division in 24 time zones 5, the world and corresponding geographic longitude 6 thereof, central meridian 7.

Shown in Figure 5, be a kind of embodiment of universal time-piece of the present invention.Universal time index dial 4 of same coordinate device in 1 in dial plate; Show through open round window in 1 upper edge small time taking 2 outside of dial plate; Mechanism did not have drive connection when universal time index dial 4 was walked with movement, and positioning relation was just arranged in 12 o'clock of the central meridian 7 in each time zone 5 or geographic longitude 6 and dial plate 1, with table or correlation technique such as button rotate universal time index dial 4; Be positioned 12 o'clock of dial plate 1 to the central meridian 7 in required time zone 5, realize the switching in time zone.This figure is 0 ° in 0 time zone, central meridian and 12 o'clock location of dial plate 1, and clock and watch switch on 0 time zone, and pointer 8,9,10 is indicated 0 fen 0 second moment when the GMT is universal time 0.

Shown in Figure 6, be the another kind of embodiment of universal time-piece of the present invention.On table circle 11, promptly be imprinted on universal time index dial 4 device on the table circle 11 to universal time index dial 4, stem circle 11 is positioned 12 o'clock of dial plate 1, the switching in realization time zone to the Central Line 7 in required time zone 5.This figure is 120 ° in eastern 8 time zones, central meridian east longitude and 12 o'clock location of dial plate 1, and clock and watch switch on eastern 8 time zones, and pointer 8,9,10 was indicated in 25 fen moment of 16 o'clock Beijing time.

Certainly; The embodiment of universal time-piece of the present invention also should have some other technical design: for example; In order to embody the technical characterictic that Qu Shishi starts at central meridian separately, can comprise that its period scale strange, even number by the hour representes with different scale moulding or line or color mutually to small time taking 2.In order to distinguish international date line, 180 ° of geographic longitudes are represented with red or other color mutually.Again for example, if the single clock and watch that are applied to certain time zone, can be positioned 12 o'clock of dial plate 1 to the central meridian 7 in this time zone 5 on the universal time index dial 4, universal time index dial 4 along small time taking 2 be printed directly on that 1 in dial plate is gone up or clock and watch shell face on.In addition, be clockwise because look down earth rotation above the Antarctic, the rotation of celestial sphere is counterclockwise.Therefore, theoretically, the technical characterictic of universal time-piece according to the present invention also can have one to be the reciprocal technical scheme of reference system with the Southern Hemisphere accordingly.Computing method when a kind of so corresponding universal time-piece counterclockwise and district thereof are arranged if desired, this also should be regarded as within the protection domain of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. universal time-piece; Mainly comprise movement, watchcase, dial plate and pointer etc.; It is characterized in that: 12 o'clock and 30 minute, second scales and 0 o'clock and 60 minute, second scales lay respectively at the top and the below of dial plate (1) ordinate; 6 o'clock and 15 minute, second scales and 18 o'clock and 45 minute, second scales lay respectively at the left of dial plate (1) horizontal ordinate and right-hand, and other small time taking (2) divides, a second scale (3) postpones successively and arrange; 24 o'clock moment coincided with at 0 o'clock, and hour hands (8), minute hand (9), second hand (10) are mutually initial at 0: 0: 0 every day; Install a universal time index dial (4) at the same coordinate of dial plate (1) along small time taking (2); Division and corresponding geographic longitude (6) thereof, central meridian (7) that 24 time zones, the world (5) are arranged on the universal time index dial (4); Mechanism did not have drive connection when universal time index dial (4) was walked with movement, and just the central meridian (7) in each time zone (5) or geographic longitude (6) had positioning relation at (1) 12 o'clock with dial plate; Rotate universal time index dial (4); Be positioned dial plate to required local time zone (5) central meridian (7) at (1) 12 o'clock; Clock and watch just switch to local time zone (5) and come up; Push moment of local time zone (5) to pointer (8), (9), (10), hour hands (8) are also being indicated the geographic longitude (6) of same mean sun apparent motion in a flash through universal time index dial (4) when indication is during when the area.

2. computing method during the district that realizes the described a kind of universal time-piece of claim 1; It is characterized in that: need read constantly with the district in any country in the world in a flash or city, area; Computing method with mean sun apparent motion geographic position; Promptly the mode of meter reading from hour hands (8) indications when regional; Time zone (5) central meridian (7) when being transformed into universal time index dial (4) and going up district under the geographic longitude (6) of same mean sun apparent motion in a flash of indication comes up, and during for upper transit 12, is that basic point reads 12 with the pairing integral point small time taking of this time zone (5) central meridian (7) (2); Principle and method with the difference of hour angle of mean sun during with the district, promptly the up time skill of handling needles or the inverse time skill of handling needles and meridian circle method calculate.

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