CN102717694B - Hybrid power transmission device - Google Patents
Hybrid power transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102717694B CN102717694B CN201210222532.0A CN201210222532A CN102717694B CN 102717694 B CN102717694 B CN 102717694B CN 201210222532 A CN201210222532 A CN 201210222532A CN 102717694 B CN102717694 B CN 102717694B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a hybrid power transmission device, relates to the technical field of power transmission devices and is used for reducing the axial size of the conventional hybrid power transmission device so as to simplify the structure of the hybrid power transmission device. The hybrid power transmission device comprises a crankshaft of an engine, a single-row planetary gear train, a shift mechanism and a motor, wherein the crankshaft of the engine is connected with a gear ring of the single-row planetary gear train through a flywheel; a planet carrier of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with an input shaft of the shift mechanism, and an output shaft of the shift mechanism is connected with a rotor shaft of the motor; and a sun gear is connected with a unidirectional locking mechanism, and a clutch is arranged between the sun gear and the gear ring. The device is applied to hybrid electric vehicles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission devices, in particular to a hybrid power transmission device.
Background
The hybrid electric vehicle is provided with more than two power sources, such as a storage battery, a fuel cell, a solar cell, an internal combustion engine, an electric motor and the like, and the current hybrid electric vehicle generally refers to a hybrid driving mode of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor.
At present, the power structural forms of the hybrid electric vehicle are mainly 3. One is a series structure, one is a parallel structure, and the other is a series-parallel structure. The parallel structure mainly drives the engine to run, and utilizes the characteristic that the motor generates strong power when being started, so that the fuel consumption of the engine is reduced by using the auxiliary driving mode of the motor when the fuel consumption of the engine is large, such as starting and accelerating of an automobile. The series-parallel structure mode means that the vehicle runs only by the drive of the electric motor at low speed, and the engine and the motor are matched for driving when the speed is increased. When the speed is increased, the engine and the motor share the power efficiently. The series structure mode is an electric automobile which runs only by motor drive, the engine is only used as a power source to enable the generator to generate power, the automobile runs only by motor drive, and the driving system is only a motor.
However, in any of the above-mentioned hybrid vehicles, the structure of the conventional power transmission device is complicated by the addition of the motor, and the system becomes large, and the axial dimension of the power transmission device is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a hybrid transmission device for reducing the axial size of a hybrid transmission device in the related art, thereby simplifying the structure of the hybrid transmission device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hybrid transmission comprising: the engine comprises a crankshaft, a single-row planetary gear train, a gear shifting mechanism and a motor; wherein,
the crankshaft of the engine is connected with the gear ring of the single-row planetary gear train through a flywheel;
the planet carrier of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism, and the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism is connected with the rotor shaft of the motor;
the sun gear is connected with a one-way locking mechanism, and a clutch is arranged between the sun gear and the gear ring.
Secondly, the sun gear is provided with a sun gear central shaft which is a hollow shaft, and the planet carrier is provided with a planet carrier central shaft which penetrates through the hollow shaft and is connected with the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism.
And thirdly, the one-way locking mechanism comprises a one-way clutch and a brake, an inner ring of the one-way clutch is connected with the central shaft of the sun gear, and an outer ring of the one-way clutch is connected with the brake.
Further, the gear ring is embedded in the flywheel.
Furthermore, a torsional damper is fixedly connected in the flywheel.
Preferably, the gear sets of the gear shift mechanism are one, two, three or four pairs.
Preferably, the engine is disposed at one side of the single-row planetary gear train, and the motor is disposed at the other side of the single-row planetary gear train.
And the rotor shaft of the motor is connected with the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism through a gear set.
Preferably, the motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The embodiment of the invention provides a hybrid power transmission device, which comprises: the engine comprises a crankshaft, a single-row planetary gear train, a gear shifting mechanism and a motor; the crankshaft of the engine is connected with the gear ring of the single-row planetary gear train through a flywheel; the planet carrier of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism, and the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism is connected with the rotor shaft of the motor; the sun gear is connected with a one-way locking mechanism, and a clutch is arranged between the sun gear and the gear ring. When the engine does not work, the gear shifting mechanism is in a neutral position, and power is driven by the motor to drive the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism to rotate through the rotor shaft so as to drive the vehicle to run; when the engine is started to participate in work, firstly, the whole vehicle control system controls the gear shifting mechanism to be shifted to a certain gear from a neutral position and controls the one-way locking mechanism to lock the sun gear so that the sun gear cannot rotate reversely, the power of the engine is input by the gear ring, is output to the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism through the planet carrier and is transmitted to the output shaft through the gear shifting mechanism in an accelerating or decelerating manner, and the transmission ratio at the moment is the product of the transmission ratio of the single-row planetary gear train and the transmission ratio of the gear shifting mechanism under the gear; at the moment, if the whole vehicle control system controls the clutch to be combined under the gear, the sun gear and the gear ring are combined into a whole and rotate forwards at the same time, the transmission ratio of the single-row planetary gear train is 1, and the transmission ratio of the whole transmission device is the transmission ratio of the gear shifting mechanism under the gear, so that two different transmission ratios are realized under one gear, and for a multi-gear transmission, the number of the gears of the gear shifting mechanism is reduced by half, so that the axial size of the hybrid power transmission device in the prior art is reduced, and the structure of the hybrid power transmission device is simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the hybrid transmission device of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the hybrid transmission device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A hybrid transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: the hybrid power transmission device includes: the engine comprises a crankshaft 11 of the engine 1, a single-row planetary gear train, a gear shifting mechanism and a motor;
the crankshaft 11 is connected with a ring gear (not shown) of the single-row planetary gear train through a flywheel 12;
the planet carrier 32 of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with the input shaft 10 of the gear shifting mechanism, and the output shaft 20 of the gear shifting mechanism is connected with the rotor shaft 30 of the motor;
the sun gear 31 is connected with a one-way locking mechanism controlled by a finished vehicle control system, and a clutch 6 is arranged between the sun gear 31 and the gear ring.
According to the hybrid power transmission device provided by the embodiment of the invention, when an engine does not work, the gear shifting mechanism is in a neutral position, and power is used for driving the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism to rotate through the rotor shaft by the motor so as to drive a vehicle to run; when the engine is started to participate in work, firstly, the whole vehicle control system controls the gear shifting mechanism to be shifted to a certain gear from a neutral position and controls the one-way locking mechanism to lock the sun gear so that the sun gear cannot rotate reversely, the power of the engine is input by the gear ring, is output to the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism through the planet carrier and is transmitted to the output shaft through the gear shifting mechanism in an accelerating or decelerating manner, and the transmission ratio at the moment is the product of the transmission ratio of the single-row planetary gear train and the transmission ratio of the gear shifting mechanism under the gear; at the moment, if the whole vehicle control system controls the clutch to be combined under the gear, the sun gear and the gear ring are combined into a whole and rotate forwards at the same time, the transmission ratio of the single-row planetary gear train is 1, and the transmission ratio of the whole transmission device is the transmission ratio of the gear shifting mechanism under the gear, so that two different transmission ratios are realized under one gear, and for a multi-gear transmission, the number of the gears of the gear shifting mechanism is reduced by half, so that the axial size of the hybrid power transmission device is reduced, and the structure is simplified.
With the above embodiment, it should be noted that the output shaft 20 is connected with the final drive to drive the vehicle to run; in addition, the locking of the sun gear by selecting the sun gear to be connected with the one-way locking mechanism is realized because the torque of the sun gear is 1/K (K is the ratio of the number of teeth of the ring gear to the number of teeth of the sun gear) of the torque of the ring gear, so that the capacity of the one-way locking mechanism can be reduced, the size of the one-way locking mechanism can be reduced, and the structure of the hybrid power transmission device can be simplified.
Secondly, the sun gear 31 is provided with a sun gear central shaft 33, the sun gear central shaft 33 can be a hollow shaft, the planet carrier 32 is provided with a planet carrier central shaft 34, the planet carrier central shaft 34 penetrates through the hollow shaft and is connected with the input shaft 10 of the gear shifting mechanism, and the sun gear central shaft 33 and the planet carrier central shaft 34 are supported by a bearing. Therefore, the central shaft 33 of the sun wheel and the central shaft 34 of the planet carrier are coaxial and can be arranged on the same side of the single-row planetary gear train, so that the power transmission is more stable, the structure is simple, and the installation space is saved.
Again, the one-way locking mechanism may further include a one-way clutch 5 and a brake 4, an inner ring of the one-way clutch 5 being connected to the sun gear central shaft 33, and an outer ring being connected to the brake 4. Thus, after the engine is ignited, the gear shifting mechanism is placed in a neutral position, the gear ring and the flywheel 12 are driven by the crankshaft 11 of the engine to rotate, the brake 4 is in a release state, the one-way clutch 5 is in a separation state, the sun gear 31 can rotate freely in the reverse direction, and the single-row planetary gear train has no power output; when the gear shifting mechanism is engaged with a certain gear, the brake 4 starts to brake under the control of the whole vehicle control system, the sun gear 31 is braked through the one-way clutch 5, and the power of the engine is input by the gear ring, is output through the planet carrier 32, and further drives the vehicle to run through the gear shifting mechanism. When the vehicle runs at the gear, if the whole vehicle control system controls the clutch 6 to be combined, the gear ring and the sun gear 31 are combined into a whole and rotate in the forward direction, the brake 4 is released under the control of the whole vehicle control system, or the brake 4 can not be released under the action of the one-way clutch 5, and the transmission effect is not influenced.
Further, the ring gear is embedded in the flywheel 12. Thus, the power of the engine is input to the single-row planetary gear train via the flywheel 12 by the ring gear and output to the shift mechanism via the carrier 32. The outer ring of the gear ring can be directly embedded in the flywheel without leading out a gear ring central shaft, so that the structure of the hybrid power transmission device is simplified. If the single-row planetary gear train selects power to be output by the gear ring, the central shaft of the gear ring needs to be led out.
Further, a torsional damper (not shown) is fixedly connected to the inside of the flywheel 12. The reason is that the engine itself can generate large vibration in the process of outputting torque, and in addition, large knocking vibration can also be generated in the process of power transmission, which has great influence on the sound quality of the whole vehicle and the stability of power transmission, so the embodiment of the invention integrates the torsional damper in the flywheel which plays a key role to reduce the vibration of the whole vehicle. Wherein the torsional vibration damper can be integrated in the flywheel or can be mounted as a separate component in the flywheel.
Preferably, the gear sets of the gear shift mechanism are one, two, three or four pairs. The gear shifting mechanism generally comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, gear sets and a sliding sleeve, wherein one pair of gear sets can transmit two different transmission ratios, so that one pair, two pairs, three pairs or four pairs of gear sets can be used for realizing two, four, six or eight different transmission ratios, and more gear sets can transmit more different transmission ratios. As shown in fig. 1, the shift mechanism includes an input shaft 10, an output shaft 20, a shift sleeve 7 and a gear group G1、2And a gear unit G3、4Reverse gear can be achieved by reversing the electric machine, wherein gear set G1、2Gear set for 1-gear and 2-gear, gear set G3、4Representing gear sets of 3 and 4. As shown in fig. 2, the shift mechanism includes an input shaft 10, an output shaft 20, a shift sleeve 7 and a gear group G1、2And a gear unit G3、4And a gear unit G5、6And a reverse gearset Gr.
Preferably, the engine may be disposed at one side of the planetary gear train, and the motor may be disposed at the other side of the single-row planetary gear train. Therefore, the engine is far away from the motor, and the heat radiation of the engine to the motor is reduced. Of course the engine and the electric motor can also be arranged on the same side of said planetary gear train, as shown in fig. 2, which makes it easier to reduce the axial dimension of the transmission, as well as the heat radiation if the radial dimension of the transmission can be increased.
The rotor shaft 30 of the electric machine can be connected to the output shaft 20 of the gear shift via a gear set G0. The torque between the rotor shaft 30 of the electric machine and the output shaft 20 of the gear change mechanism can thus be adjusted via the gear set G0. If the torque between the two does not need to be adjusted, the rotor shaft 30 and the output shaft 20 can also be coupled together, as shown in fig. 2, and the rotor shaft 30 of the motor is directly connected with the output shaft 20 of the gear shifting mechanism.
Preferably, the motor may be a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator 22 and a rotor 21, wherein the rotor 21 is fixedly connected with a rotor shaft 30. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high efficiency, flexible control, high power factor and small required inverter capacity; the permanent magnet synchronous motor can work in an electric mode or a power generation mode, so that the motor can be controlled to enter the electric or power generation state at any time according to the battery state, and the working state of the engine is always in the optimal fuel oil state.
It should be further explained that the combination of the working states of the engine, the single-row planetary gear train, the clutch, the one-way locking mechanism and the gear shifting mechanism can meet various working conditions of the hybrid electric vehicle, which is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1.
Working condition 1, motor is driven alone
The engine is not ignited, the gear shifting mechanism is in a neutral position, and the motor provides driving force to drive the output shaft 20 to rotate so as to drive the vehicle to run.
Working condition 2 and engine idling
The engine is ignited, the gear ring rotates along with the flywheel 12, and the sliding sleeve 7 is arranged in the gear set G1、2And a gear unit G3、4Meanwhile, namely the gear shift mechanism is in a neutral position, the brake 4 is in a release state under the control of the whole vehicle control system, the sun gear 31 rotates freely in a reverse direction, the planet carrier 32 does not output at the moment, and the engine is in an idle state.
Working condition 3, first gear operation
The engine is ignited, the gear ring rotates along with the flywheel 12, and the sliding sleeve 7 rotates towards the gear set G1、2Sliding, causing the gear unit G1、2The driven wheel in the middle is combined with the output shaft 20, the brake 4 starts to brake under the control of the whole vehicle control system, the sun gear 31 is reversely braked through the one-way clutch 5, the planet carrier 32 outputs, and the transmission ratio relation at the moment is as follows:
I1=I1、2*（1+K）/K （1）
i in the formula (1)1For the transmission ratio of the hybrid transmission according to the invention when the gear shift is in first gear, I1、2Is a gear unit G1、2The transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism is K, and K is the gear ratio of the gear ring and the sun gear.
Working condition 4, second gear operation
Under the state of working condition 3, the whole vehicle control system controls the clutch 6 to be combined, the brake 4 can be released (or the brake 4 can not be released under the action of the one-way clutch), the gear ring and the sun gear 31 are combined together to rotate along with the flywheel 12 in the positive direction, the planet carrier 32 outputs, at the moment, the transmission ratio of the single-row planetary gear train is 1, and the transmission ratio relation of the hybrid power transmission device is as follows:
I2=I1、2 （2）
i in the formula (2)2The gear ratio of the hybrid transmission of the present invention when the shift mechanism is in second gear is shown.
Working condition 5, shift moment
Under the condition of working condition 4, if the gear shifting mechanism needs to shift gears, the secondary gear set G is arranged on the sliding sleeve 71、2To G3、4During the sliding process, the power of the engine is temporarily interrupted, the rotating speed of the output shaft 20 is instantaneously reduced, and the starting motor drives the output shaft 20 to rotate at the moment, so that the gear shifting without power interruption is realized.
Working condition 6, three-gear operation
The operation of condition 6 is similar to the operation of condition 3 and will not be described further.
Working condition 7, four-gear operation
The operation of condition 7 is similar to the operation of condition 4 and will not be described in detail herein.
Reverse gear may be achieved by reverse rotation of the electric machine.
The motor can enter an electric or power generation state at any time according to the state of a battery electrically connected with the motor in the working process of the engine; the battery can recover braking energy to store electric energy when the vehicle brakes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A hybrid transmission comprising: the engine comprises a crankshaft, a single-row planetary gear train, a gear shifting mechanism and a motor; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the crankshaft of the engine is connected with the gear ring of the single-row planetary gear train through a flywheel;
the planet carrier of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with the input shaft of the gear shifting mechanism, and the output shaft of the gear shifting mechanism is connected with the rotor shaft of the motor;
the sun gear of the single-row planetary gear train is connected with a one-way locking mechanism, and a clutch is arranged between the sun gear and the gear ring.
2. A hybrid transmission according to claim 1, wherein the sun gear is provided with a sun gear central shaft which is a hollow shaft, and the carrier is provided with a carrier central shaft which passes through the hollow shaft and is connected to the input shaft of the shift mechanism.
3. The hybrid transmission of claim 2, wherein the one-way locking mechanism includes a one-way clutch and a brake, an inner race of the one-way clutch being connected to the sun hub and an outer race of the one-way clutch being connected to the brake.
4. A hybrid transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ring gear is embedded within the flywheel.
5. A hybrid transmission according to claim 4, wherein a torsional damper is fixedly connected within the flywheel.
6. A hybrid transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gear sets of the gearshift mechanism are two, three or four pairs.
7. A hybrid transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the engine is provided on one side of the single-row planetary gear train and the motor is provided on the other side of the single-row planetary gear train.
8. The hybrid transmission of claim 7, wherein the rotor shaft of the electric machine is connected to the output shaft of the shift mechanism through a gear set.
9. The hybrid transmission of claim 8, wherein the electric machine is a permanent magnet synchronous machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210222532.0A CN102717694B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Hybrid power transmission device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210222532.0A CN102717694B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Hybrid power transmission device |
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| CN102717694A CN102717694A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102717694B true CN102717694B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013213951A1 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg | electric vehicle |
| CN106608178A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | A power system for a hybrid vehicle and a power transmission method thereof |
| CN106608176A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Hybrid electric vehicle power system and power transmission method thereof |
| CN107599836A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 无锡商业职业技术学院 | Automatic start-stop device of improved generation automobile engine |
| CN114132167B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2024-03-01 | 蜂巢传动科技河北有限公司 | Mixed-motion continuously variable transmission, power assembly and vehicle |
| CN113276656B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-21 | 深圳市微卓通科技有限公司 | Hybrid power transmission device of new energy automobile |
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| JP2009190694A (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hybrid vehicle drive system |
| DE102008032320A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg | Hybrid powertrain for a motor vehicle |
| DE102009019485A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Isatec Gmbh | Powertrain with a first electric motor and a planetary gear and wind turbines, gas turbines and water turbines and vehicles that have this drive train |
| CN102287493A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-21 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Transmission for hybrid electric vehicle |
| DE102010030567A1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-29 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hybrid drive for motor car, has output elements connected with drive wheels of starting gear wheel sets such that output elements are locked via lockup clutches, which are arranged between input elements |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4339374B2 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2009-10-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Power equipment |
| JP4257800B1 (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-22 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | Hybrid drive device |
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2012
- 2012-06-29 CN CN201210222532.0A patent/CN102717694B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009190694A (en) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hybrid vehicle drive system |
| DE102008032320A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg | Hybrid powertrain for a motor vehicle |
| DE102009019485A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Isatec Gmbh | Powertrain with a first electric motor and a planetary gear and wind turbines, gas turbines and water turbines and vehicles that have this drive train |
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