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CN102683704B - Lithium iron phosphate cathode of lithium ion battery and preparation method for lithium iron phosphate cathode - Google Patents

Lithium iron phosphate cathode of lithium ion battery and preparation method for lithium iron phosphate cathode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102683704B
CN102683704B CN201210197856.3A CN201210197856A CN102683704B CN 102683704 B CN102683704 B CN 102683704B CN 201210197856 A CN201210197856 A CN 201210197856A CN 102683704 B CN102683704 B CN 102683704B
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lithium
ion battery
iron phosphate
ball
lithium iron
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN102683704A (en
Inventor
杨全红
李中延
魏伟
苏方远
陈学成
郑晓雨
苏艳军
张新河
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Mcnair Technology Co Ltd
Dongguan Mcnair New Power Co Ltd
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Mcnair Technology Co Ltd
Dongguan Mcnair New Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate cathode of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method for the lithium iron phosphate cathode, and belongs to a preparation technology for an active cathode material of the lithium ion battery. Lithium iron phosphate particles are uniformly distributed on a thin graphite flake layer which can provide a good conductive network for lithium iron phosphate, so that the power and energy density and cycle performance of the lithium iron phosphate are improved; the thin graphite flake layer has the function of improving the electrical conductivity of the lithium iron phosphate cathode of the lithium ion battery, so that the addition of a conductive additive during preparation is not required, and the manufacture cost of the lithium iron phosphate cathode of the lithium ion battery is lowered; in addition, the lithium iron phosphate cathode of the lithium ion battery also can be used as a low-cost substitute of a lithium iron phosphate and graphene composite material in the prior art; and the preparation method for the lithium iron phosphate cathode of the lithium ion battery can be based on the conventional matured preparation process for an electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the conventional process is not required to be greatly improved, and industrial implementation cost is low.

Description

A kind of lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparing technical field of anode active material of lithium ion battery, particularly relate to a kind of lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The world today, the fossil fuel quasi-tradition energy is day by day exhausted, and in the process of combustion of fossil fuel, the problem of environmental pollution of generation is also day by day serious.The harmonious and sustainable development of the energy, resource, environment and human society becomes the focus of social concerns, seeks renewable and clean energy resource, seeks the theme that the harmonious development of human and environment progressively becomes the epoch.In the process of new energy development, energy green stores efficiently becomes a key issue with transfer.There is the object that high power density and high-energy-density, pollution-free, reusable lithium ion battery become national governments and scientific research institution's common concern.
Positive electrode is the important component part of lithium ion battery, and the performance of material property directly affects the power of lithium ion battery, the performance of energy characteristics.LiFePO 4be a kind of polyanion phosphate of olivine structural, Material Thermodynamics is stablized, safe and reliable, is one of current anode material for lithium-ion batteries of greatest concern.LiFePO 4also have nontoxic, environmentally friendly, abundant raw material, capacity and coulombic efficiency are high, charge and discharge platform steadily, specific capacity and specific power advantages of higher, therefore this material is very suitable for the large-sized battery application very responsive to fail safe, cycle life, power characteristic, use cost etc.
But LiFePO 4electronic conductivity and the not good reason of ion diffusivity constrain its dynamic performance and range of application always.For these problems, researchers carry out modification to these positive electrodes, and method mainly contains coated, doping, reduces the nanometer technology such as particle diameter of material.Carbon is coated is improve LiFePO 4one of modified method that material property is the most frequently used, carbon is coated not only can improve LiFePO 4the electronic conductivity of material, can also effective control LiFePO 4grain growth, be the effective means obtaining nano particle, improve lithium ion diffusivity.Wherein, grapheme material has caused the revolution of scientific circles since being found from 2004, by the compound of Graphene and Different electrodes material or simply mix, improves serve great facilitation to the performance of material, Graphene and LiFePO 4 is utilized to carry out compound, the performance of LiFePO 4 is all had greatly improved effect (L. Wang, H.B. Wang, Z.H. Liu, C. Xiao, S.M. Dong, P.X. Han, Z.Y. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, C.F. Bi, G.L. Cui, Solid State Ionics 181 (2010) 1685. X.F. Zhou, F. Wang, Y.M. Zhu and Z.P. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. 21 (2011) 3353. Y. Ding, Y. Jiang, F. Xua, J. Yin, H. Ren, Q. Zhuo, Z. Long and P. Zhang, Electrochem. Commun. 12 (2010) 10.).China Patent No. CN 201010281627.0 discloses anode material for lithium-ion batteries of a kind of nanostructure and preparation method thereof, makes full use of the characteristic of Graphene and other positive electrodes, has prepared the anode composite material of electrochemical performance.But in actual applications, it is higher that the preparation method utilizing Graphene and LiFePO 4 to carry out compound realizes industrialized preparation cost, and simple not.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above shortcomings in prior art, there is provided a kind of and there is higher power and energy density, and the lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery of the cycle performance of excellence and preparation method thereof, more easily realize industrialization and reduce preparation cost greatly.
For achieving the above object, a kind of lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery of the present invention, comprise LiFePO 4 particle and thin layer graphite, described LiFePO 4 is evengranular to be distributed on described thin layer graphite lamella, the mass ratio of described LiFePO 4 particle and thin layer graphite is (100 ~ 1): 1, the graphene film of wherein said thin layer graphite to be the sheet number of plies be 20-200 layer.
For achieving the above object, the preparation method of a kind of lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A), according to Li:Fe:PO 4 3-=(1 ~ 1.3): (1 ~ 1.3): the mol ratio of 1, gets the oxide of lithium salts, ferrous salt or iron, phosphate or phosphorylated ligand resulting mixture, and joins in ball mill by mixture;
B), in ball mill add thin layer graphite, the quality of described thin layer graphite and steps A) in mixture quality than for 1:(100 ~ 1), and in ball mill, add large mill ball and little mill ball; Wherein, (gross mass of large mill ball and little mill ball): mixture gross mass in (thin layer graphite and steps A))=(1 ~ 30): 1, the diameter of described large mill ball is 1.0 ~ 1.5 cm, and the diameter of described little mill ball is 0.1 ~ 0.8 cm;
C), by thin layer graphite and steps A) in mixture obtaining head product with ball milling in the ball mill of the rotating speed of 100 ~ 500r/min after 1 ~ 24 hour;
D) by step C) head product that obtains adds in tube furnace; under the protection of protective gas; after described tube furnace is warming up to 300 ~ 400 DEG C of constant temperature 1-10 hours with the programming rate of 1 ~ 50 DEG C/min; 500 ~ 800 DEG C of constant temperature 2 ~ 20 hours are warming up to again with the programming rate of 1 ~ 50 DEG C/min; naturally, after cooling, lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can be obtained.
In steps A) described in lithium salts be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in lithium carbonate, lithium oxalate, lithium acetate, lithium hydroxide.
In steps A) described in ferrous salt or the oxide of iron be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in ferrous carbonate, ferrous oxalate, ferrous citrate, ferrous acetate, ferrous oxide, di-iron trioxide, tri-iron tetroxide.
In steps A) described in phosphate be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
In step D) described in protective gas be nitrogen or rare gas.
For achieving the above object, the preparation method of a kind of lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A) be, (100 ~ 1) with thin layer graphite according to mass ratio by LiFePO 4: 1 mix after join in ball mill;
B), in ball mill, large mill ball and little mill ball is added; Wherein, (gross mass of large mill ball and little mill ball): steps A) in quality=(1 ~ 30) of mixture: 1, the diameter of described large mill ball is 1.0 ~ 1.5 cm, and the diameter of described little mill ball is 0.1 ~ 0.8 cm;
C), by steps A) in mixture can lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery be obtained with ball milling in the ball mill of the rotating speed of 100 ~ 500r/min after 1 ~ 24 hour.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared with the prior art:
(1), described LiFePO 4 is evengranular is distributed on described thin layer graphite lamella, and thin layer graphite can be the conductive network that LiFePO 4 provides good, improves the power of LiFePO 4 and energy density and cycle performance;
(2), because the conductivity of thin layer graphite to described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery has castering action, make described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can add any conductive agent in preparation, reduce lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery manufacturing cost;
(3), described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery also can be used as a kind of low cost substitute of LiFePO 4 and graphene composite material in prior art simultaneously; The preparation method of described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can rely on the preparation technology of existing lithium ion battery electrode material maturation, and without the need to doing large improvement to existing technique, industrializing implementation cost is low.
Embodiment
For feature of the present invention, technological means and the specific purposes reached, function can be understood further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The thin layer graphite getting 3.0g LiFePO 4 and 0.4g joins in ball mill, and add to ball mill the little mill ball that large mill ball that diameter is 1.2 cm and diameter are 0.4cm, large mill ball is 1:3 with the number ratio of little mill ball, and large mill ball and little mill ball gross mass are 87.4g; By the mixture of LiFePO 4 and thin layer graphite obtaining lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery with ball milling in the ball mill of the rotating speed of 400r/min after 10 hours.
Embodiment 2
Get the LiAc2H of 1.02g 2the FeC of O, 1.80g 2o 42H 2the NH of O, 1.15g 4h 2pO 4join in ball mill with the thin layer graphite mixture of 0.4g, and add the little mill ball that large mill ball that diameter is 1.2 cm and diameter are 0.4cm wherein, the number of large mill ball and little mill ball is than being 1:3, and the number of large mill ball and little mill ball is 87.4g than gross mass; By LiAc2H 2o, FeC 2o 42H 2o, NH 4h 2pO 4and thin layer graphite obtains head product in 10 hours with the rotating speed ball milling of 400r/min, head product is put into tube furnace, and under the protection of nitrogen, described tube furnace is heated to 350 DEG C of constant temperature 10h with the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, 600 DEG C are heated to again, constant temperature 10h with the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min; Naturally namely cooling obtains lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 process, just changes the consumption of thin layer graphite into 1.1g.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 process, just changes large mill ball and the number ratio of little mill ball into 1:10.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 process, just changes the gross mass of large mill ball and little mill ball into 100g.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 process, just changes the rotating speed of ball mill into 500r/min.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1 process, just changes Ball-milling Time into 24 hours.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment is identical with embodiment 2 process, and just described tube furnace is heated to 400 DEG C of constant temperature 5h with the programming rate of 10 DEG C/min, then is heated to 700 DEG C of constant temperature 12h with the programming rate of 10 DEG C/min.
In sum, LiFePO 4 of the present invention is evengranular to be distributed on described thin layer graphite lamella, and thin layer graphite can be the conductive network that LiFePO 4 provides good, improves the power of LiFePO 4 and energy density and cycle performance; Because the conductivity of thin layer graphite to described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery has castering action, make described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can add any conductive agent in preparation, reduce lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery manufacturing cost; Described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery also can be used as a kind of low cost substitute of LiFePO 4 and graphene composite material in prior art simultaneously; The preparation method of described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can rely on the preparation technology of existing lithium ion battery electrode material maturation, and without the need to doing large improvement to existing technique, industrializing implementation cost is low.
The above embodiment only have expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A), according to Li:Fe:PO 4 3-=(1-1.3): (1-1.3): the mol ratio of 1, gets the oxide of lithium salts, ferrous salt or iron, phosphate or phosphorylated ligand resulting mixture, and joins in ball mill by mixture;
B), in ball mill add thin layer graphite, the quality of described thin layer graphite and steps A) in mixture quality than for 1:(100-1), and in ball mill, add large mill ball and little mill ball; Wherein, (gross mass of large mill ball and little mill ball): mixture gross mass in (thin layer graphite and steps A))=(1-30): 1, the diameter of described large mill ball is 1.0-1.5cm, and the diameter of described little mill ball is 0.1-0.8cm; Described large mill ball is 1:3 with the number ratio of little mill ball;
C), by thin layer graphite and steps A) in mixture after with ball milling 1-24 in the ball mill of the rotating speed of 100-500r/min hour, obtain head product;
D), by step C) head product that obtains adds in tube furnace, under the protection of protective gas, after described tube furnace is warming up to 300-400 DEG C of constant temperature 1-10 hour with the programming rate of 1-50 DEG C/min, 500-800 DEG C of constant temperature 2-20 hour is warming up to again with the programming rate of 1-50 DEG C/min, naturally, after cooling, lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery can be obtained;
Described lithium iron (II) phosphate anode of lithium ion battery comprises ferrous phosphate particle and thin layer graphite, and described LiFePO 4 is evengranular to be distributed on described thin layer graphite lamella;
The graphene film of described thin layer graphite to be the sheet number of plies be 20-200 layer;
In steps A) described in lithium salts be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in lithium carbonate, lithium oxalate, lithium acetate;
In steps A) described in ferrous salt or the oxide of iron be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in ferrous carbonate, ferrous oxalate, ferrous citrate, ferrous acetate, ferrous oxide, di-iron trioxide, tri-iron tetroxide;
In steps A) described in phosphate be a kind of or several arbitrarily mixture in ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
In step D) described in protective gas be nitrogen or rare gas.
CN201210197856.3A 2012-06-15 2012-06-15 Lithium iron phosphate cathode of lithium ion battery and preparation method for lithium iron phosphate cathode Expired - Fee Related CN102683704B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101562248A (en) * 2009-06-03 2009-10-21 龚思源 Graphite composite lithium ion battery anode material lithium iron phosphate and preparation method thereof
CN101950801A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-01-19 新疆金盛科达有色金属新材料有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of lithium-ion battery cathode material LiFePO4/C
CN102306783A (en) * 2011-09-14 2012-01-04 哈尔滨工业大学 Multi-layer graphene/lithium iron phosphate intercalated composite material, preparation method thereof, and lithium ion battery adopting multi-layer grapheme/lithium iron phosphate intercalated composite material as anode material

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012023464A1 (en) * 2010-08-19 2012-02-23 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Electrical appliance

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101562248A (en) * 2009-06-03 2009-10-21 龚思源 Graphite composite lithium ion battery anode material lithium iron phosphate and preparation method thereof
CN101950801A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-01-19 新疆金盛科达有色金属新材料有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of lithium-ion battery cathode material LiFePO4/C
CN102306783A (en) * 2011-09-14 2012-01-04 哈尔滨工业大学 Multi-layer graphene/lithium iron phosphate intercalated composite material, preparation method thereof, and lithium ion battery adopting multi-layer grapheme/lithium iron phosphate intercalated composite material as anode material

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Denomination of invention: Lithium iron phosphate cathode of lithium ion battery and preparation method for lithium iron phosphate cathode

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