CN102678204B - Single reheating thermal system - Google Patents
Single reheating thermal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102678204B CN102678204B CN201110066842.3A CN201110066842A CN102678204B CN 102678204 B CN102678204 B CN 102678204B CN 201110066842 A CN201110066842 A CN 201110066842A CN 102678204 B CN102678204 B CN 102678204B
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Abstract
The invention provides a single reheating thermal system which comprises a high pressure cylinder, an intermediate pressure cylinder, a low pressure cylinder, a reheater, a small back pressure steam extraction machine and at least one heat regeneration device, wherein the high pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are sequentially connected, the reheater is arranged between the high pressure cylinder and the intermediate pressure cylinder, the small back pressure steam extraction machine is used for obtaining steam which is not reheated by the reheater from the high pressure cylinder, the steam is used for driving the small back pressure steam extraction machine, and the at least one heat regeneration device is used for extracting the steam from the small back pressure steam extraction machine. Compared with single reheating thermal systems in prior art, the single reheating thermal system is capable of improving thermal cycling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applicable to single reheat Turbo-generator Set, particularly relates to a kind of back pressure type that configures and to draw gas the thermodynamic system of single reheat of little machine.
Background technique
The re-heating subsystem in the thermal power plant of the employing single reheat technology of prior art is roughly: drawn by the steam having done part merit in main steam turbine and again heat, then lead back steam turbine and continue acting, to improve thermodynamic system efficiency.
The firepower electrical plant of single reheat technology is adopted usually to be configured with heat regenerative system, the heat drawn gas with main steam turbine comes heat-setting water and feedwater by heater, the heat drawn gas all is recovered in working-medium water, reduces the latent heat of vaporization discharge that circulating water is taken away, to improve thermodynamic system efficiency.
The best degree of superheat of drawing gas is low, is done work by superheat section energy, and latent heat of vaporization portion of energy is used for backheat.But to there being the thermal power plant of re-heating subsystem, draw gas by reheating effect after reheating, temperature improving, and the degree of superheat increases thereupon, making the energy that can be used to do work be used for heat-setting water and feedwater, have impact on the efficiency of thermodynamic cycle.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 respectively illustrates the single reheat thermodynamic system of two kinds of prior aries.
In the thermodynamic system that the single reheat main frame shown in Fig. 1 draws gas, this thermodynamic system mainly comprises: the little machine 105 of high-pressure cylinder 101, intermediate pressure cylinder 102, low pressure (LP) cylinder 103, reheater 104, condensing bleeder, backheat equipment 106 etc.Wherein, the steam discharge of the high-pressure cylinder 101 of steam turbine is directed to reheater 104, carry out heat temperature raising, then the intermediate pressure cylinder 102 of steam turbine is entered, in the middle of the intermediate pressure cylinder 102 of steam turbine, be provided with an extraction opening, draw steam from this extraction opening, heat-setting water and feedwater, reclaim the latent heat of vaporization, improve efficiency of thermal cycle.But the temperature of drawing gas after reheating is higher, the degree of superheat is large, and the energy of superheat section is also used to heating water with the latent heat of vaporization, affects efficiency of thermal cycle.
Draw gas in thermodynamic system at the single reheat main frame of Fig. 2, the middle pressure 202 of steam turbine is provided with more than 2 or 2 extraction openings.There is the larger problem of the degree of superheat of drawing gas equally in this thermodynamic system.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned deficiency of the single reheat thermodynamic system of prior art, the present invention mainly utilizes the steam before reheating, back pressure type is driven to draw gas little machine, draw gas from this back pressure type draws gas little machine, the little machine utilizing the degree of superheat lower draws gas and steam discharge, comes heat-setting water and feedwater by the backheat equipment of such as heater.Compared with the single reheat thermodynamic system of prior art, the present invention can improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of thermodynamic system of single reheat, comprising: high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, described high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder are connected successively with low pressure (LP) cylinder; Reheater, is arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and described intermediate pressure cylinder; Back pressure type draws gas little machine, and the steam obtained without described reheater reheating from described high-pressure cylinder to draw gas little machine to drive described back pressure type; And at least one backheat equipment, draw gas from the described back pressure type little machine that draws gas.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, the described back pressure type little machine that draws gas connects further and drives a driven device.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: steam flow balance tube, be communicated with the draw gas output pipeline of little machine and the transmission pipeline between described intermediate pressure cylinder and described low pressure (LP) cylinder of described back pressure type and draw gas the exhaust steam pressure of little machine to stablize described back pressure type.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, when the steam flow needed for described backheat equipment be greater than described back pressure type draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine time, supplement steam from described intermediate pressure cylinder to described backheat equipment.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, when the steam flow needed for described backheat equipment be less than described back pressure type draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine time, draw gas little machine to the overflow of described intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge from described back pressure type.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: vapour condenser, obtain steam from described low pressure (LP) cylinder and obtain described back pressure type and to draw gas the steam discharge of little machine.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: little machine starts exhaust steam pipe, connect described back pressure type to draw gas little machine and described vapour condenser, with described back pressure type the described thermodynamic system start up period draw gas little machine cannot to during described intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge to described vapour condenser steam discharge.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, described backheat equipment is heater or oxygen-eliminating device.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned thermodynamic system, also comprise: the little machine of condensing bleeder, obtain steam to drive the little machine of described condensing bleeder from described intermediate pressure cylinder, and to vapour condenser steam discharge.
Should be appreciated that more than the present invention generality describe and the following detailed description be all exemplary and explanat, and be intended to for as claimed in claim the invention provides further explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Comprising accompanying drawing is further understand the present invention for providing, and they are included and form a application's part, and accompanying drawing shows embodiments of the invention, and plays the effect explaining the principle of the invention together with this specification.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the thermodynamic system of a kind of single reheat of prior art, and this thermodynamic system have employed the little machine of condensing bleeder, and high degree of superheat steam after backheat equipment employing reheating.
Fig. 2 shows the thermodynamic system of the another kind of single reheat of prior art.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein adopts back pressure type to draw gas little machine.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic structure of single reheat thermodynamic system according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic structure of the single reheat thermodynamic system according to one more embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With detailed reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described now.Now with detailed reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, its example is shown in the drawings.In the case of any possible, in all of the figs the identical mark of use is represented same or analogous part.In addition, although the term used in the present invention selects from public term, but some terms mentioned in specification of the present invention may be that claimant selects by his or her judgement, its detailed meanings illustrates in the relevant portion of description herein.In addition, require not only to pass through used actual terms, but the meaning that also will be contained by each term understands the present invention.
the brief description of term
Little machine: small turbine is the auxiliary turbine in main steam turbine thermodynamic system.
Reheating: the steam having done part merit in steam turbine is drawn and again heats, then lead back steam turbine and continue acting.This mode is called reheating.By rational reheating, can exhaust steam moisture be reduced, improve efficiency of thermal cycle.
Condensed steam type: steam discharge is called condensed steam type to the steam turbine of subatmospheric vacuum vapour condenser.
Back pressure type: steam discharge is called back pressure type to the steam turbine higher than atmospheric piping or heat exchanger.
Draw gas: extract steam out from the intergrade before turbine discharge.
Present inventor finds: the best degree of superheat of drawing gas is lower, is done work by superheat section energy, and latent heat of vaporization portion of energy is used for backheat.But, to the thermal power plant having re-heating subsystem of prior art, after reheating draw gas by reheating effect, temperature improves, and the degree of superheat increases thereupon, makes the energy that can be used to do work be used for heat-setting water and feedwater, have impact on the efficiency of thermodynamic cycle.Therefore, the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned situation of existing single reheat thermodynamic system, utilize the steam before reheating, back pressure is driven to draw gas little machine, draw gas from little machine, the little machine utilizing the degree of superheat lower draws gas and steam discharge, comes heat-setting water and feedwater by heater, compared with existing thermodynamic system, efficiency of thermal cycle can be improved.
first embodiment
Fig. 3 shows the schematic structure of the single reheat thermodynamic system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, single reheat thermodynamic system of the present invention mainly comprises: high-pressure cylinder 301, intermediate pressure cylinder 302, low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, reheater 304, back pressure type draw gas little machine 305, backheat equipment 306.
In figure, high-pressure cylinder 301, intermediate pressure cylinder 302 are connected successively with low pressure (LP) cylinder 303.After main steam is done work by high-pressure cylinder 301, the steam after being arranged at reheater 304 reheating between high-pressure cylinder 301 and intermediate pressure cylinder 302 is delivered to intermediate pressure cylinder 302 and low pressure (LP) cylinder 303 successively.
According to the present invention, the back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas is configured to obtain steam without reheater 304 reheating from high-pressure cylinder 301, and this steam is used to drive back pressure type to draw gas little machine 305.In the running of this thermodynamic system, steam, such as cold reheat steam, turbine high-pressure level are drawn gas, the vapour source such as heating steam in the middle of boiler, entered this back pressure to be drawn gas little machine 305 by the draw gas admission piping of little machine 305 of back pressure type, and steam drives the back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas to rotate.As shown in the figure, this back pressure type little machine 305 that draws gas can drive a driven device 309, the equipment such as such as feed water pump, blower fan, generator, compressor.Then, then by extraction steam pipeline from this back pressure type draws gas little machine 305, extract steam to the backheat equipment 306 of two shown in Fig. 3.In addition, the draw gas steam discharge of little machine 305 of back pressure type enters backheat equipment 306 by exhaust steam pipeline, and the heat of steam discharge and working-medium water are recovered in circulation system by backheat equipment 306.Such as, backheat equipment 306 of the present invention can be heater or oxygen-eliminating device.In addition, its steam discharge also can be guided to other regenerator, Auxiliary Steam or heat supply network by the back pressure type of the present invention little machine 305 that draws gas.
According to a further aspect in the invention, above-mentioned thermodynamic system can also comprise a steam flow balance tube 307.This steam flow balance tube 307 is communicated with back pressure type and draws gas the output pipeline of little machine 305 and the transmission pipeline between intermediate pressure cylinder 302 and low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, in order to stable back pressure type draw gas little machine 305 exhaust steam pressure and balance steam flow and back pressure type needed for backheat equipment 306 and to draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine 305.Such as, when the steam flow needed for backheat equipment 306 be greater than back pressure type draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine 305 time, supplement steam from intermediate pressure cylinder 302 to backheat equipment 306; And when the steam flow needed for backheat equipment 306 be less than back pressure type draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine 305 time, draw gas little machine 305 to the overflow of intermediate pressure cylinder 302 steam discharge from back pressure type.
In addition, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, thermodynamic system also comprises a vapour condenser 310.As shown in the figure, this vapour condenser 310 can obtain steam from low pressure (LP) cylinder 303, also can obtain back pressure type and to draw gas the steam discharge of little machine 305.
Particularly, this vapour condenser 310 and back pressure type draw gas and start exhaust steam pipe 308 via a little machine between little machine 305 and be connected.This little machine start exhaust steam pipe 308 can the start up period back pressure type of thermodynamic system draw gas little machine 305 cannot to during intermediate pressure cylinder 302 steam discharge to vapour condenser 310 steam discharge.In addition, according to other embodiments of the invention, this little machine starts exhaust steam pipe 308 also can cause development unit or directly discharged to air.
In addition, the technological scheme of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 of the present invention and the conventional techniques of Fig. 1 corresponding.Wherein the back pressure type little machine that draws gas is provided with 1 grade of extraction opening, supporting 1 road extraction steam pipeline, corresponding 1 grade of backheat equipment.In figure, backheat equipment can be single-row 1 100% capacity heater, and this heater also can adopt biserial 2 50% capacity patterns certainly.
second embodiment
Fig. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is identical with Fig. 3 directly can continue to use the description in above first embodiment, repeats no more herein.In addition, unless there is special explanation in the description, the drawing reference numeral in Fig. 4 continues to use the order identical with Fig. 3.Such as, the label 401 in Fig. 4 indicates identical device or equipment with the label 301 in Fig. 3.
Compared with Fig. 3, the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 is provided with three backheat equipment 406.In fact, according to the needs of practical application, the present invention can also arrange the backheat equipment of greater number and not deviate from principle of the present invention.
In addition, the technological scheme of Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 of the present invention is corresponding with the technological scheme such as shown in Fig. 2 of routine techniques, and wherein the back pressure little machine that draws gas is provided with 2 grades of extraction openings, supporting 2 road extraction steam pipelines, corresponding 2 grades of backheat equipment.In figure, backheat equipment can be single-row 100% capacity heater, and this heater also can adopt biserial 50% capacity pattern.
3rd embodiment
Fig. 5 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is identical with Fig. 3 directly can continue to use the description in above first embodiment, repeats no more herein.In addition, unless there is special explanation in the description, the drawing reference numeral in Fig. 5 continues to use the order identical with Fig. 3.Such as, the label 501 in Fig. 5 indicates identical device or equipment with the label 301 in Fig. 3.
Compared with Fig. 3, the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is provided with the little machine 511 of a condensing bleeder further.As shown in the figure, the little machine 511 of this condensing bleeder is arranged between intermediate pressure cylinder 502 and vapour condenser 510, obtains steam to drive the little machine 511 of this condensing bleeder, then from the little machine 511 of this condensing bleeder to vapour condenser 510 steam discharge from intermediate pressure cylinder 502.
In fact, in this technological scheme, remain the conventional little machine 511 of condensing bleeder to drive feed water pump group, and drive the equipment such as other pump, blower fan, generator, compressor with the back pressure little machine that draws gas.
4th embodiment
Fig. 6 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.Particularly, the part that the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is identical with Fig. 3 directly can continue to use the description in above first embodiment, repeats no more herein.In addition, unless there is special explanation in the description, the drawing reference numeral in Fig. 6 continues to use the order identical with Fig. 3.Such as, the label 601 in Fig. 6 indicates identical device or equipment with the label 301 in Fig. 3.
Compared with Fig. 3, the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is provided with the little machine 611 of a condensing bleeder and three backheat equipment 606 further.In fact, the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 combines second shown in above Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and the 3rd embodiment difference relative to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
To sum up, the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the steam before reheating is mainly utilized to draw gas little machine to drive back pressure, draw gas from little machine, the little machine utilizing the degree of superheat lower draws gas and steam discharge, come heat-setting water and feedwater by heater, compared with existing single reheat thermodynamic system, can efficiency of thermal cycle be improved.Meanwhile, present invention considerably reduces the steam flow entering reheater, the heat exchange area of reheater can be reduced, reduce the flow area of reheating pipeline, thus significantly reduce the cost of re-heating subsystem.
Such as, to 1 1000MW, the single reheat ultra supercritical unit of 600 DEG C, back pressure of the present invention is adopted to draw gas little machine thermodynamic system, draw gas compared with thermodynamic system with conventional main steam turbine, thermodynamic system investment reduces about 5,000 ten thousand, efficiency of thermal cycle can improve about 0.2% simultaneously, is equivalent to can economize on coal every year about 2000 tons, has good returns of investment.
In addition, little machine exhaust steam flow balance piping can also be furnished with in technological scheme of the present invention.This can stablize little machine exhaust steam pressure, steam flow and little machine exhaust steam flow needed for balance backheat equipment.When steam flow is greater than little machine exhaust steam flow needed for backheat equipment, supplement steam from main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge to backheat equipment; When needed for backheat equipment, steam flow is less than little machine exhaust steam flow, from little machine steam discharge to the overflow of main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder steam discharge.Flexible operation and reliability can be improved.
In addition, little machine can also be furnished with in technological scheme of the present invention and start exhaust steam pipeline, when the unit starting stage can not discharge to main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder exhaust steam pipeline when little machine steam discharge, vapour condenser, development unit or air can be drained into.Unit starting requirement can be met.
In technological scheme of the present invention, the back pressure little machine that draws gas can be used for driving the feed water pump group in conventional scheme, also can retain the little machine of conventional condensed steam type and drive feed water pump group, drives the equipment such as other pump, blower fan, generator, compressor with the back pressure little machine that draws gas.The different configuration requirements of different power plant can be met.
Those skilled in the art can be obvious, can carry out various modifications and variations and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, be intended to that the present invention is covered and drop within the scope of appended claims and equivalent arrangements thereof to amendment of the present invention and modification.
Claims (7)
1. a thermodynamic system for single reheat, comprising:
High-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder, described high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder are connected successively with low pressure (LP) cylinder;
Reheater, is arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and described intermediate pressure cylinder;
Back pressure type draws gas little machine, and the steam obtained without described reheater reheating from described high-pressure cylinder to draw gas little machine to drive described back pressure type;
At least one backheat equipment, draws gas from the described back pressure type little machine that draws gas; And
Steam flow balance tube, is communicated with the draw gas output pipeline of little machine and the transmission pipeline between described intermediate pressure cylinder and described low pressure (LP) cylinder of described back pressure type and draws gas the exhaust steam pressure of little machine to stablize described back pressure type.
2. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described back pressure type little machine that draws gas connects further and drives a driven device.
3. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when the steam flow needed for described backheat equipment be greater than described back pressure type draw gas the exhaust steam flow of little machine time, supplement steam from described intermediate pressure cylinder to described backheat equipment.
4. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Vapour condenser, obtains steam from described low pressure (LP) cylinder and obtains described back pressure type and to draw gas the steam discharge of little machine.
5. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Little machine starts exhaust steam pipe, connects described back pressure type and to draw gas little machine and described vapour condenser.
6. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described backheat equipment is heater or oxygen-eliminating device.
7. thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
The little machine of condensing bleeder, obtains steam to drive the little machine of described condensing bleeder from described intermediate pressure cylinder, and to vapour condenser steam discharge.
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| CN201110066842.3A CN102678204B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Single reheating thermal system |
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| CN201110066842.3A CN102678204B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Single reheating thermal system |
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| CN102678204B true CN102678204B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN103498708B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2016-01-13 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 | The air cooling reheating embrittlement system of back pressure type small turbine drive feed water pump |
| CN104088677B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-02 | 北京越麓咨询有限责任公司 | Steam reheater in a kind of machine of multistage impulse turbine |
| CN104153830B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-10-31 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司山东分公司 | The control method and control system of a kind of feed pump turbine |
| CN104405459B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-01 | 华电国际电力股份有限公司技术服务中心 | For back pressure machine acting and the heating plant of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission steam discharge heating network |
| CN104696026A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-10 | 张德志 | Small and medium-sized, energy-saving and efficient intermediate reheating steam turbine set |
| CN105464719A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-06 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Heating steam extraction steam turbine unit |
| CN109404069B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-07-16 | 广东天安项目管理有限公司 | Steam turbine backheating system |
| CN113339079A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-03 | 联合瑞升(天津)科技有限公司 | Multi-heat-source step heat supply energy-saving system of steam booster |
| CN115288815A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Energy-saving starting system of coal-fired power plant and operation method |
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