Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of enzyme catalysis preparation contains 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid unit polyester, avoid that reactions step is loaded down with trivial details, the shortcoming of severe reaction conditions.
In order to realize above purpose; The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of preparation contains the method for 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid unit polyester; Monomer 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid and other polymerization single polymerization monomer under the katalysis of lypase, are made in 40~120 ℃ of reactions and to contain the unitary functional polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Said other polymerization single polymerization monomer is binary aliphatic alcohol or binary aliphatic alcohol and binary lipid acid.
The carbon chain lengths of said binary aliphatic alcohol is C
2~C
16The carbon chain lengths of said binary lipid acid is C
4~C
12It is octane, normal hexane, hexanaphthene, toluene, YLENE, the trimethyl carbinol, THF, N that solvent is adopted in reaction, dinethylformamide or chloroform; The weight ratio of said solvent and monomer total amount is 1: 10~3: 1.
Concrete preparation method is: binary aliphatic alcohol and 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid are added in the reactor drum according to 1: 2~2: 1 molar ratio mix; Be heated to 40~120 ℃; According to adding binary aliphatic alcohol and 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid gross weight 100~4000U/g add lypase; Add molecular sieve, stirring reaction separated obtaining containing the unitary functional polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid after 12~96 hours.
Perhaps concrete preparation method is: binary aliphatic alcohol and the 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid molar ratio according to 1: 2~20: 1 is added in the reactor drum; Adding binary lipid acid simultaneously is 3: 2~1: 1 with the mol ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl in the adjustment reaction system; Mixing also is heated to 40~120 ℃; According to adding binary aliphatic alcohol, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid and binary lipid acid gross weight 100~4000U/g add lypase; Add molecular sieve, stirring reaction separated obtaining containing the unitary functional polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid after 12~96 hours.
Among the concrete preparation method, stirring reaction employing speed is the magnetic agitation of 20~400rpm.Separate and adopt the reaction back to add chloroform, THF or acetone solution product, remove by filter lypase, filtrating vacuum Rotary drying.Said lypase derives from the lypase of Candida antarctica, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Rhizomucor miehei, Mucor miehei or pig pancreas.The purpose that wherein adds molecular sieve is that the water that produces in the reaction process is removed in absorption, and molecular balance is moved to the product direction.
The 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid that the present invention adopts the hydroxyl three-functionality-degree is as one of monomer of condensation polymerization reaction; Adopting efficiently, lypase makes the monomer direct polymerization as catalyzer; Preparation contains the unitary polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; One step of condensation polymerization reaction accomplishes, and reaction conditions is gentle, and by product is less; Avoid the use of deleterious organo-metallic catalyst.Preparing method of the present invention is low, the eco-friendly polyester compound method of a kind of reaction toxicity.
Polyester of the present invention is introduced 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid on the polyester long-chain, therefore can on the main chain of polyester, introduce functional group, thereby obtain containing the unitary functional polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid.The present invention also can introduce binary lipid acid in monomer system; Binary lipid acid can be adjusted the The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of polymer chain; In in a big way, change the various performances that contain the unitary functional polyester of 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid, satisfy the performance requriements under the different service conditions better.
Embodiment
Bright specifically below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention's work, but do not limit technical scheme of the present invention, the 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid, binary lipid acid, binary aliphatic alcohol, lypase, solvent, the molecular sieve that wherein relate to are the commercially available prod.
Embodiment 1
According to 15: 13: 2 ratios of mol ratio, in the round-bottomed flask of adding 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 16: 15), octane and monomer total amount add with 3: 1 mass ratio with monomer butyleneglycol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 1000U/ total amount, place under 70 ℃ of oil baths, magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm; Add molecular sieve; React after 48 hours, add the dissolved in chloroform product, remove by filter lypase; Product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 17000 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 2
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 7.5: 7.5 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 5: 4), normal hexane and monomer total amount add with 3: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount with monomer butyleneglycol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 80 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 96 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 5900 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 3
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 13: 2 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 16: 15), hexanaphthene and monomer total amount add with 3: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 4000U/ total amount with monomer terepthaloyl moietie, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 40 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 6700 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 4
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 13: 4 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 1: 1), toluene and monomer total amount add with 3: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount with monomer pinakon, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 70 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 17000 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 5
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 13: 2 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 16: 15), YLENE and monomer total amount add with 3: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 100U/ total amount with monomer ethohexadiol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 80 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 400rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 7900 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 6
Monomer ethohexadiol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid are added according to 15: 2: 12 ratios of mol ratio in the round-bottomed flask of 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 3: 2); Add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount, place under 50 ℃ of oil baths, magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm; Add molecular sieve; React after 48 hours, add the dissolved in chloroform product, remove by filter lypase; Product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 8700 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 7
Monomer ethohexadiol, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid are added in the round-bottomed flask of 100mL according to 1: 1 ratio of mol ratio, and pyridine and monomer total amount add with 1: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 2500U/ total amount; Place under 60 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 20rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the THF lysate; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 2100 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 8
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 2: 1: 1 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 5: 4), the trimethyl carbinol and monomer total amount add with 1: 10 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 2000U/ total amount with monomer terepthaloyl moietie, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 60 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 12 hours; Add the acetone solution product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 1700 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 9
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 13: 2 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 16: 15), THF and monomer total amount add with 1: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Mucor miehei by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount with monomer ethohexadiol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 60 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 2900 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 10
Monomer ethohexadiol, hexanodioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid are added according to 15: 13: 2 ratios of mol ratio in the round-bottomed flask of 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 16: 15), N, dinethylformamide and monomer total amount were with 1: 1 mass ratio adding; Add the lypase that derives from PPL by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount, place under 110 ℃ of oil baths, magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm; Add molecular sieve; React after 48 hours, add the dissolved in chloroform product, remove by filter lypase; Product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 5100 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 11
According in the round-bottomed flask of mol ratio ratio adding in 15: 10: 5 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 7: 6), chloroform and monomer total amount add with 1: 2 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from PPL by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount with monomer terepthaloyl moietie, dodecanedioic acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid; Place under 40 ℃ of oil baths; Magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve, reacts after 48 hours; Add the dissolved in chloroform product; Remove by filter lypase, product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 3000 polyester polymers.
Embodiment 12
Monomer n-Hexadecane glycol, Succinic Acid, 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid are added according to 15: 9: 6 ratios of mol ratio in the round-bottomed flask of 100mL (ratio of carboxyl and hydroxyl is 6: 5), N, dinethylformamide and monomer total amount were with 1: 1 mass ratio adding; Add the lypase that derives from PPL by the every gram monomer of 1500U/ total amount, place under 120 ℃ of oil baths, magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm; Add molecular sieve; React after 48 hours, add the dissolved in chloroform product, remove by filter lypase; Product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 3400 polyester polymers.
Comparative Examples
Butyleneglycol, hexanodioic acid are added in the round-bottomed flask of 100mL according to 1: 1 ratio of mol ratio, and toluene and monomer total amount add with 2: 1 mass ratio, add the lypase that derives from Candida antarctica by the every gram monomer of 1000U/ total amount; Place under 70 ℃ of oil baths, magnetic agitation speed is 200rpm, adds molecular sieve; React after 48 hours, add the dissolved in chloroform product, remove by filter lypase; Product solution for vacuum Rotary drying, molecular weight is 24600 polyester polymers.
Product analysis:
Carry out the product IR spectroscopy, testing method with embodiment 1 prepared product: sample was descended dry 24 hours 50 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens, use the pellet technique sample preparation, measure with the German Bruker VECTOR33 of company type IR.
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrum of the obtained product of Comparative Examples; Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrum of embodiment 1 obtained product.Contrast infrared spectrum illustrated in figures 1 and 2, discovery is on the infrared spectrum of the terpolymer of butyleneglycol, hexanodioic acid and 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid, at 3500cm
-1Near tangible hydroxyl absorption peak has appearred.This explanation has correspondingly been introduced hydroxyl after in comonomer, introducing 3-hydroxyl pentanedioic acid on polymer molecular chain, obtained having the functional polyester of hydroxyl.Proof has obtained required product thus.