CN102674627B - Method for biochemical treatment and standard discharge of sewage of coal chemical industry - Google Patents
Method for biochemical treatment and standard discharge of sewage of coal chemical industry Download PDFInfo
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for biochemical treatment and standard discharge of sewage of coal chemical industry. The method comprises the steps of BDO (1,4-butanediol) pretreatment and main biochemical treatment, wherein the BDO pretreatment is performed sequentially through a coagulative precipitation tank, an anaerobic tank and a SBR (sequencing batch reactor) tank; the main biochemical treatment is performed sequentially through an aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor, a pre-denitrification tank, an aerobic activated sludge tank and a secondary sedimentation tank; and a mixed liquor which flows out of the aerobic activated sludge tank partially or entirely flows back into the pre-denitrification tank. The whole process is high in volume loading and impact resistance, and operates safely and stably. The whole biochemical system has high impact resistance; and the treatment effect is slightly affected by the change of the temperature. The whole system has a compact structure and is small in floor area. After high-concentration BDO sewage is pretreated, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of an effluent can be stably maintained to be less than 500mg/L, so that the main biochemical treatment can be easily performed; and after the sewage of the coal chemical industry is subjected to main biochemical treatment, the COD of an effluent can be stably maintained to be less than 50mg/L, so that the national first-class discharge standard is met, and the investment and operation cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage disposal technology, specifically the biochemical combination treatment method of a kind of coal chemical industry sewage.
Background technology
For solving the contradiction of china natural resources exploitation and deposit and Economic development, reduce the dependence to crude oil, in recent years at China's main coal-producing area develop actively Chemical Industry.Coal Chemical Industry is a high pollution, highly energy-consuming industry, surrounding environment is being born huge potential threat, in order to make this industry, go on the road of Sustainable development, National Development and Reform Committee in 2006 and State Environmental Protection Administration have issued the notice > > that < < develops in a healthy way about strengthening Coal Chemical Engineering Project implementation management promotion industry, encourage to adopt water-saving technique, advocate energetically sewage disposal and middle water reuse.
Coal chemical industry sewage has that concentration is high, water quality is complicated and fluctuates large etc. specific, as contained the materials such as a large amount of phenol, cyanogen, oil, ammonia nitrogen in gas washing wastewater, in organic synthesis device sewage, contain the various organism such as methyl alcohol, acetic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and BDO (BDO).The CODcr of sewage is generally in about 5000mg/l, even higher, and ammonia nitrogen is at 200～500mg/l, and in sewage, many organic pollutants comprise the heterogeneous ring compound of polycyclc aromatic compound and nitrogenous, oxygen, sulphur etc., are typical hardly degraded organic substances.Easily biodegradable organics in sewage is mainly phenolic compound and benzene-like compounds; Arsenic is coughed up, naphthalene, furans, narrow azole and belong to degradable type organic; The organism of difficult degradation mainly contains arsenic pyridine, carbazole, biphenyl, terphenyl etc.
In recent years, constantly there are new method and technology for the treatment of coal chemical industry sewage.For example, PACT method, FBBR method that aerobe is processed, the UASB method of anaerobic biological treatment, the A/O method of anaerobic-aerobic combination, the coagulant sedimentation of advanced treatment, absorption method, advanced oxidation processes, fixed bed biological process etc.
Aforesaid method cuts both ways, and as contained a certain amount of hardly degraded organic substance in simple biochemical process water outlet, COD value is higher, can not reach emission standard completely; Though absorption method can be removed CODcr preferably, there is the problem of regeneration and the secondary pollution of sorbent material; Though catalytic oxidation can be degraded, be difficult to biodegradable organism, in actual industrial application, have the problems such as working cost height; Anaerobic-aerobic combination treatment coal chemical industrial waste water can obtain desirable treatment effect, operational management and cost are relatively low, but when come water concentration higher and while containing more hardly degraded organic substance water outlet be difficult to stably reaching standard, need to be used in conjunction with techniques such as catalyzed oxidation and coagulating sedimentation, improve running cost.
In sum, during above-mentioned art breading coal chemical industry sewage or be difficult to reach national grade one discharge standard, or working cost is high, or generation secondary pollution or fluctuation of service, be difficult to meet the requirement that coal chemical industry sewage is processed, this just need to study the coal chemical industry sewage treatment process that a kind of working cost is low, reliable and stable, do not produce secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge.
The method of coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge provided by the invention, comprise BDO pre-treatment and main biochemical treatment, coagulative precipitation tank, anaerobic pond, SBR pond are passed through in described BDO pre-treatment successively, aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor, Prepositive denitrification pond, aerobic activated sludge pond, second pond are passed through in described main biochemical treatment successively, and the mixed solution that described aerobic activated sludge pond flows out is partly or entirely back to described Prepositive denitrification pond.
Further describe the form that arranges and treating processes that described BDO pre-treatment and main biochemical treatment can adopt below.
Through the treating processes of described coagulative precipitation tank, be: to dosing coagulant in pond, remove the NaAlO of part difficult degradation in BDO sewage
2with polymkeric substance such as oligopolymer, and determine whether to add acid or alkali is adjusted to 6-9 by pH value according to water pH value.
Treating processes through described anaerobic pond is: break off under the condition contacting with air, rely on the biochemical action of facultative anaerobe and obligatory anaerobic bacteria, organism is carried out to biological degradation.
Through the treating processes in described SBR pond, be: utilize and collect homogenizing, just heavy, biological degradation, two functions such as heavy in the SBR pond in a pond, without sludge reflux system, by intermittent aeration mode, move active sludge, remove the organic pollutant in sewage.
Treating processes through described aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor is: in the oxygen carrier fluidized-bed reactor of becoming better, add bio-carrier, under the condition of drainage flow and aeration, microorganism in sewage is attracted to carrier surface, form organism thin layer, following more microorganism moves to carrier surface, along with continuous migration, simultaneously, the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism that carrier surface adheres to, form gradually a kind of microbial film, absorb the organic pollutant in degradation of sewage, microbial film forms on the surface of carrier, along with microbiological degradation, microbial film constantly comes off, regeneration, upgrade.It is characterized in that described aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor adopts the bio-carrier that diameter is 20～30mm.
Through the treating processes in described Prepositive denitrification pond, be: utilizing organism that denitrifying bacteria usings in raw waste water as carbon source, using the oxygen of nitrate in phegma as being subject to electric body, is gaseous nitrogen by nitrate-nitrogen reduction.
Described aerobic activated sludge pond is in pond, to cultivate active sludge degradable organic pollutant, and carries out nitration reaction, and ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitric nitrogen.
The present invention adopts " coagulative precipitation tank-anaerobic pond-SBR pond, aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor-Prepositive denitrification pond-aerobic activated sludge pond-second pond " art breading coal chemical industry sewage, and a whole set of process volume load is high, good impact resistance, and operating safety is stable.The shock-resistant ability of whole biochemical system is strong, and treatment effect is subject to influence of temperature change little.
High density BDO sewage is after pre-treatment, and water outlet COD can stablize and remains on below 500mg/L, is easy to carry out main biochemical treatment; Coal chemical industry sewage is after main biochemical treatment, and water outlet COD can stablize and remains on below 50mg/L, meets national grade one discharge standard, has saved investment and working cost.Due to whole system compact construction, also reduced floor space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for a kind of coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge of the present invention.
Embodiment
What the present invention relates to is coal chemical industry sewage treatment technology, and concrete is BDO pre-treatment and the main biochemical processing of coal chemical industry sewage.Main " coagulative precipitation tank-anaerobic pond-SBR pond, the aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor-Prepositive denitrification pond-aerobic activated sludge pond-second pond " combination process that adopts is processed coal chemical industry sewage, and a kind of coal chemical industry sewage biochemical processing safe and reliable to operation is provided.
Coal chemical industry sewage COD fluctuation is larger, generally in 5000mg/l left and right, have only in 1000mg/l left and right, what have reaches tens thousand of milligrams per liter, even higher.Patent therefore of the present invention adopts " coagulative precipitation tank-anaerobic pond-SBR pond, aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor-Prepositive denitrification pond-aerobic activated sludge pond-second pond " technique, and concrete technology flow process as shown in Figure 1.High density BDO sewage carries out pre-treatment through coagulative precipitation tank, anaerobic pond, SBR pond successively, after mixing with production waste, sanitary sewage again, through aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor, Prepositive denitrification pond, aerobic activated sludge pond, second pond, process successively, wherein, the mixed solution that described aerobic activated sludge pond flows out is partly or entirely back to described Prepositive denitrification pond.
Below described " coagulative precipitation tank-anaerobic pond-SBR pond, aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor-Prepositive denitrification pond-aerobic activated sludge pond-second pond " technique is specifically described.
(1) coagulative precipitation tank
In BDO device sewage, contain NaAlO
2with oligopolymer etc., to dosing coagulant in coagulative precipitation tank, can remove the polymkeric substance of part difficult degradation, and determine whether to add acid or alkali is adjusted to 6-9 by pH value according to water pH value.
(2) anaerobic pond
Anaerobic pond can thoroughly be degraded to methane and carbon dioxide etc. by some organic pollutants, can make larger molecular organics resolve into small molecules simultaneously, non-solubility organism becomes dissolved matter, bio-refractory Substance Transformation is readily biodegradable material, for further carrying out a biological disposal upon, provide the matrix of readily biodegradable, improve the biodegradability of sewage.
(3) SBR pond
SBR is a kind of active sludge sewage disposal technology moving by intermittent aeration mode, its principal character is the orderly and periodical operation in operation, the core of SBR technology is sbr reactor pond, and this pond collects homogenizing, just heavy, biological degradation, two functions such as heavy in a pond, without sludge reflux system.These singularity of SBR technique make it have following advantage just:
1. desirable plug-flow process increases biochemical reaction impellent, and efficiency improves, anoxic, aerobic in alternating state in pond, good purification.
2. operating performance is stable, and sewage precipitates under desirable stationary state, needs that the time is short, efficiency is high, and effluent quality is good.
3. anti impulsion load, has the processing water of delay in pond, sewage is had to dilution, shock absorption, effectively resists the impact of the water yield and organic dirt.
4. each operation in technological process can be adjusted according to water quality, the water yield, flexible operation.
5. treatment facility is few, simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance management.
6. in reaction tank, there is DO, BOD5 concentration gradient, effectively control activated sludge bulking.
7. SBR method system itself is also suitable for built-up type building method, is beneficial to enlarging and the transformation of waste water treatment plant.
8. suitable Controlling operation method, realizes aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state alternately, has good Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal.
9. technical process is simple, cost is low.Characteristics of compact layout, small accommodation area.
(4) aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor
Carrier fluidized bed reactor (CBR) is in activated sludge tank, to add suspension biological carrier filling, in same biological processing unit, biomembrance process and activated sludge process are organically combined, promote processing power and the treatment effect of reaction tank, and enhanced system impact resistance.Bio-carrier is under the condition of drainage flow and aeration, microorganism in sewage is attracted to carrier surface, forms organism thin layer, follows more microorganism and moves to carrier surface, along with continuous migration, meanwhile, the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism that carrier surface adheres to, forms a kind of microbial film gradually, absorb the organic pollutant in degradation of sewage, microbial film forms on the surface of carrier, and along with microbiological degradation, microbial film constantly comes off, regenerates, upgrades.
CBR is at impact resistance, temperature sensitivity, several aspects such as sludge bulking and sludge loss will significantly be better than activated sludge process, attached growth of microorganisms is in suspending carrier surface, biological concentration is high, and flora is abundant, has very long sludge age (20～40 days), it is rich long-pending that apposition growth mode is also beneficial to other special flora, removes the pollutent of difficult degradation.Most of organism in sewage will be degraded and remove in CBR.
The application advantage that CBR technology removes in COD engineering at sewage is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1. more efficient decarburization capacity;
2. more stable effluent quality;
3. simpler and more direct operational management;
4. lower operation energy consumption;
5. lower construction investment and floor space;
6. maintenance and maintenance still less;
7. excess sludge production still less;
8. operation scheme more flexibly.
CBR can select different media-filling rates according to different water water quality, to obtain corresponding processing power.By the increase of filler, can obtain easily the lifting of bulk treatment ability, meet the demand that sewage further expands energy in the future.
(5) Prepositive denitrification pond
Prepositive denitrification section and mixed-liquor return can carry out thorough denitrogenation (due to reflux ratio restriction, still having part nitric nitrogen to flow out with current).At the part COD (be generally nitric nitrogen 3.5 times) that can synchronously degrade of denitrifying while, realize without aeration degraded COD, save the energy.Because BOD5 in initial water inlet is higher, Prepositive denitrification section just can realize denitration without additional carbon again.
For some hardly degraded organic substances, Prepositive denitrification also demonstrates higher tolerance and degradation effect than traditional activated sludge process.Anaerobic environment can make part difficult degradation larger molecular organics be able to further decomposition; Also the microbial strains in returned sluge screened and strengthened simultaneously, promoting the degradation efficiency of aerobic processes.While particularly tackling hazardous contaminant impact, Prepositive denitrification process advantage is obvious.
(6) aerobic activated sludge pond
After the aerobic CBR technique of high loading, activated sludge process is set, leading portion CBR pond can be in short residence time(SRT) very, under high-load condition, remove most COD, and rest COD and ammonia nitrogen are removed under lower load in activated sludge tank.
(7) second pond
For bio-chemical effluent is carried out to mud-water separation, second pond sludge part is back to front end CBR pond and anoxic pond, maintains system inner suspension sludge concentration.
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
The coal chemical industry sewage of Yi Mou coal plant is for processing object, and this sewage contains the rare metals such as the organic pollutants such as BDO (BDO), methyl alcohol, acetic acid and polyvinyl alcohol and trace zinc.Sewage disposal content comprises the combined sewage of BDO sewage and pretreated BDO sewage and production waste, sanitary sewage, and its water quality is respectively: the former chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) is 12000～18000mg/l, processes water yield 7.2L/h; The latter's chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) is 1200～2000mg/l, processes water yield 200L/h.
BDO pre-treatment design variable is as following table:
| Sequence number | Index | Unit | Influent quality | Effluent quality | Clearance |
| 1 | COD | mg/l | ≤11800 | ≤500 | 96％ |
| 2 | BOD 5 | mg/l | ≤8600 | ||
| 3 | SS | mg/l | 70 | 70 | |
| 4 | PH | 6～9 | 6～9 | ||
| 5 | Oil | mg/l | 10 | 10 |
Main biochemical treatment design variable is as following table:
| Sequence number | Index | Unit | Influent quality | Effluent quality | Clearance |
| 1 | COD Cr | mg/L | ≤1200 | ≤100 | 92％ |
| 2 | BOD 5 | mg/L | ≤20 | ||
| 3 | NH 3-N | mg/L | 120 | ≤15 | 88％ |
| 4 | TN | mg/L | 170 | ≤30 | 82％ |
| 5 | SS | mg/L | 70 | 70 | |
| 6 | pH | 6～9 | 6～9 | ||
| 7 | Oil | mg/L | 10 | 5 | 50％ |
| 8 | Formaldehyde | mg/L | 1 | ||
| 9 | Total zinc | mg/L | 2 |
Each process section water outlet average COD and COD on average remove rate contrast:
Can find out, coal chemical industry sewage, after this art breading, does not need to increase in the back advanced treatment, and water outlet COD can meet the national grade one discharge standard that is less than or equal to 50mg/l, reduces investment outlay and working cost.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge, comprise 1, the pre-treatment of 4-butyleneglycol and main biochemical treatment, it is characterized in that, described 1, coagulative precipitation tank, anaerobic pond, SBR pond are passed through in the pre-treatment of 4-butyleneglycol successively, and the processing of aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor, Prepositive denitrification pond, aerobic activated sludge pond, second pond is passed through in described main biochemical treatment successively, and the mixed solution that described aerobic activated sludge pond flows out is partly or entirely back to described Prepositive denitrification pond.
2. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, through the treating processes of described coagulative precipitation tank, is: to dosing coagulant in pond, remove the NaAlO of part difficult degradation in BDO waste water
2and oligopolymer, and determine whether to add acid or alkali is adjusted to 6-9 by pH value according to water pH value.
3. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, treating processes through described anaerobic pond is: break off under the condition contacting with air, rely on the biochemical action of facultative anaerobe and obligatory anaerobic bacteria, organism is carried out to biological degradation.
4. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, treating processes through described SBR pond is: utilization collects homogenizing, just heavy, biological degradation, two is sunk functions in the SBR pond in a pond, without sludge reflux system, by intermittent aeration mode, move active sludge, remove the organic pollutant in sewage.
5. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, treating processes through described aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor is: in the oxygen carrier fluidized-bed reactor of becoming better, add bio-carrier, under the condition of drainage flow and aeration, microorganism in sewage is attracted to carrier surface, form organism thin layer, following more microorganism moves to carrier surface, along with continuous migration, simultaneously, the continuous growth and breeding of microorganism that carrier surface adheres to, form gradually a kind of microbial film, absorb the organic pollutant in degradation of sewage, microbial film forms on the surface of carrier, along with microbiological degradation, microbial film constantly comes off, regeneration, upgrade.
6. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 5, is characterized in that described aerobic carrier fluidized bed reactor adopts the bio-carrier that diameter is 20～30mm.
7. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, through the treating processes in described Prepositive denitrification pond, be: utilize organism that denitrifying bacteria usings in raw waste water as carbon source, using the oxygen of nitrate in phegma as being subject to electric body, is gaseous nitrogen by nitrate-nitrogen reduction.
8. the method for coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment qualified discharge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aerobic activated sludge pond is in pond, to cultivate active sludge degradable organic pollutant, and carries out nitration reaction, and ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitric nitrogen.
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| CN103253827B (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-05-21 | 同济大学 | A method for combined treatment of 1,4-butanediol production wastewater |
| CN104291524B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-08-24 | 中国石化仪征化纤有限责任公司 | BDO oxidized waste water continuous treatment method |
| CN104609667B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-01-04 | 新疆天智辰业化工有限公司 | The mixed processing method of waste water in a kind of 1,4-butanediol and ethylene glycol production |
| CN106630422A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 博瑞德（南京）净化技术有限公司 | Wastewater biological treatment device for polyether polyol production |
| CN108911410A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 合肥中亚环保科技有限公司 | A kind of coal chemical industrial waste water advanced treatment system and its processing method |
| CN110526492A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-03 | 江苏中矩环保科技有限公司 | A kind of multisection type treatment process of antibiotic waste water |
| CN114890616A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-12 | 鄂尔多斯职业学院 | Coal chemical industry sewage biochemical treatment standard-reaching management system and source tracing method thereof |
| CN118495702B (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2025-03-21 | 同济大学 | An integrated method of coagulation sedimentation-short-term nitrification/autotrophic denitrification/heterotrophic denitrification/FEAMMOX-anaerobic ammonium oxidation |
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