CN102673389A - Electric power piston driving type electric vehicle and working method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric piston-driven electric vehicle suitable for electric braking and a working method thereof, which uses an electric piston motor to replace the gasoline and diesel engines in the original motor vehicles. The electric vehicle includes: an electric piston motor, a clutch, and a transmission. box, vehicle transmission system and starting system; when working, the coil current direction of the electromagnet in the electric piston motor always remains unchanged; when the piston is about to reach the upper and lower dead centers, the electromagnet is controlled to rapidly rotate 180 degrees around its height centerline °, to quickly switch the magnetic polarity of the upper and lower ends of the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet repeatedly exerts force on the piston to drive the crankshaft, so that the flywheel outputs positive or negative torque to the outside. This avoids the inability of the existing technology to achieve instantaneous switching due to coil current. The delay brought by this ensures the driving stability of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

Description

Electric piston-driven electric vehicle and working method thereof

This application is a divisional application with the application number: 201110027296.2, the application date is January 25, 2011, and the title is "Electric Piston-Driven Electric Vehicle Suitable for Electric Braking".

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of an electric vehicle driven by an electric piston motor, in particular to an electric piston-driven electric vehicle and a working method thereof.

Background technique

Chinese patent document CN101860168A discloses an electric motor, which removes the traditional engine air supply, fuel supply, exhaust, and ignition systems, and replaces them with electromagnet components. The piston is embedded with a permanent magnet, and then the current direction of the electromagnet coil is controlled. The piston is controlled to move up and down in the cylinder, and the piston outputs power through the connecting rod and crankshaft mechanism. The electric motor is suitable for vehicles such as automobiles and motorcycles.

There are also CN1996724A, CN1255767A, CN200990555Y and the like in patent documents similar to the above-mentioned technical solutions.

The disadvantage of the above-mentioned electric piston motor in the prior art is that the magnetic polarity of the electromagnet is changed by frequently switching the direction of current flowing through the electromagnet coil, thereby controlling the direction of the force between the electromagnet and the piston, and then controlling the direction of the piston. However, in the actual implementation process, since the current direction of the electromagnet coil cannot be changed instantaneously, the continuity and stability of the output power or torque of the motor cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the technical solution of changing the magnetic polarity of the electromagnet by switching the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet coil to control the displacement direction of the piston is not practical.

In order to solve the above technical problems, Chinese patent document CN101697445A discloses a motor, which uses a pair of excitation coils arranged up and down to alternately conduct electricity to make the piston move back and forth. However, in the actual implementation process, since the current of the excitation coil cannot be changed instantaneously, and the upper and lower excitation coils have mutual crosstalk and magnetic neutralization, this solution cannot ensure the continuity and stability of the output power or torque of the motor.

How to improve the continuity and stability of the output power or torque of the electric piston motor is a technical problem to be solved in this field.

In addition, the existing electric vehicles often use motors to directly drive the wheels. Retrofitting existing gasoline and diesel vehicles into electric vehicles directly driven by motors is costly, cumbersome and difficult to implement. How to directly change the gasoline and diesel engine in the existing gasoline and diesel motor vehicle into an electric type, and utilize the flywheel, clutch, gearbox etc. in the original motor vehicle to directly drive the transmission system of the motor vehicle is a technical problem to be solved in this area.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric piston-driven electric vehicle with a simple structure, which uses an electric piston motor to replace the gasoline and diesel engine in the original motor vehicle to drive the transmission system and its working method.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electric piston-driven electric vehicle, which includes: a brake system, an electric piston motor, a flywheel connected to the crankshaft of the electric piston motor, a clutch arranged on the flywheel, and The gearbox connected to the output shaft of the clutch, the vehicle transmission system connected with the output shaft of the gearbox; the ring gear on the outer edge of the flywheel meshes with the driving gear of a starting system; the electric piston motor includes: a plurality of cylinders, a device Pistons made of permanent magnets in the cylinders and connecting rods for connecting the pistons to the crankshafts; the crankshafts are located below the cylinders; the upper end of the cylinders is provided with The electromagnet of the heart line, the coil of the electromagnet is connected with a coil driving circuit, and the coil driving circuit is connected with a CPU unit; the electromagnet is set on the turning mechanism controlled by the CPU unit; it is adjacent to the upper and lower dead centers of the cylinder body There are up and down travel switches connected with the CPU unit respectively, and a Hall sensor connected with the CPU unit is provided at the bottom of the cylinder; the braking system includes: a brake pedal, a brake controlled by the brake pedal transmission and a brake pedal sensor connected to the CPU unit for detecting the position of the brake pedal. Each piston is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the height center line of the cylinder in the corresponding cylinder to ensure that the connecting rod is suitable for continuously driving the crankshaft and to stabilize the output torque of the crankshaft; the Hall sensor is located at the bottom center of the cylinder , and is opposite to the center of the bottom surface of the piston.

The working method of the above-mentioned electric vehicle: when the electric vehicle is started, the starting system is used to drive the flywheel and rotate the crankshaft, and the CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston through the Hall sensor at the bottom of each cylinder; If the piston in the cylinder is displaced downward, the CPU unit provides the corresponding direction of current to the coil of the electromagnet above the cylinder through the coil drive circuit, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is consistent with that of the piston. The magnetic polarity of the top is the same, and the piston accelerates to move down in the cylinder due to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet; The coil of the electromagnet above the cylinder provides current in the corresponding direction, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston, and the piston accelerates upward in the cylinder due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet; After the coils of each electromagnet are energized, disconnect the starting system and keep the current direction in each coil unchanged; at the same time, when the CPU unit detects that the piston in a cylinder is about to reach the At the bottom dead center of the cylinder, the CPU unit controls the electromagnet above the cylinder to rotate 180° around the height center line of the electromagnet through the turning mechanism, and the piston at this time has reached the bottom dead center. The magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is opposite to that at the top of the piston, and the piston begins to move upward in the cylinder due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet; When the piston is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder, the CPU unit controls the electromagnet above the cylinder to rotate 180° reversely around the height center line of the electromagnet through the turning mechanism, and the piston has reached the top dead center at this time At this point, since the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is the same as that at the top of the piston, the piston begins to move downward due to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet; so repeated, so that each piston drives the crankshaft through the corresponding connecting rod Running and driving the flywheel to output positive torque, the flywheel drives the vehicle transmission system through the clutch and the gearbox, thereby driving the electric vehicle.

When the CPU unit detects that the brake pedal is stepped on through the brake pedal sensor, that is, when the brake system performs braking, the CPU unit starts the motor braking program, that is, the CPU unit first controls the coil drive circuit to stop supplying power to each coil , and then the CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston through the Hall sensor, if a piston is measured to be moving downward, the CPU unit provides the corresponding coil with a current in the corresponding direction through the coil drive circuit, so as to The magnetic polarity of the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet is opposite to the magnetic polarity of the top of the piston to reduce the rate of downward movement of the piston, thereby braking the crankshaft; if a positive upward displacement of a piston is detected, the CPU unit drives the circuit through the coil Provide current in the corresponding direction to the corresponding coil, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet is the same as that at the top of the piston, so as to reduce the upward movement rate of the piston, thereby braking the crankshaft; when the crankshaft is not stopped , if the CPU unit detects that the piston is about to reach the bottom dead center of the cylinder through the downstroke switch, the CPU unit controls the electromagnet above the cylinder to rotate around the height center line of the electromagnet through the turning mechanism. 180°, if the piston has reached the bottom dead center at this time and starts to move upward, since the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is the same as that at the top of the piston, the piston will bear the downward repulsion from the electromagnet while it starts to move upward and brake the crankshaft; if the CPU unit measures the piston by the upper stroke switch and is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder, the CPU unit controls the electromagnet on the top of the cylinder to wind around the electromagnet through the turning mechanism. The center line of the height rotates 180° in the opposite direction. If the piston has reached the top dead center and starts to move downward, since the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet is opposite to that at the top of the piston, the piston will be driven by the force from the electromagnet. The crankshaft is braked by the upward suction force; so repeated, so that the flywheel outputs a negative torque to the outside, until the crankshaft is about to stop running, stop supplying power to each coil; or, until the CPU unit measures the brake pedal through the brake pedal sensor. When the brake pedal is released, that is, when the brake system stops applying the brake, it stops supplying power to each coil.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) During the working process of the electric piston motor of the present invention, the coil current direction of the electromagnet remains unchanged; At this time, the electromagnet is controlled to quickly rotate 180° around its height center line to quickly switch the magnetic polarity of the upper and lower ends of the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet repeatedly generates positive force on the piston, and then drives the crankshaft and makes the flywheel output positive torque to the outside. The above scheme adopted by the present invention avoids the time delay caused by the inability of the coil current to achieve instantaneous commutation in the prior art, and further makes the output power or torque of the motor of the present invention have better continuity and stability, which is practical sex is better. (2) When the motor of the present invention is started, a starting system is used to rotate the flywheel, and the CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston through the Hall sensor in each cylinder, so that the direction of displacement of each piston can be driven by the coil drive circuit to Each coil provides current in a corresponding direction to realize that each piston drives the crankshaft to run continuously through a corresponding connecting rod, and then disconnects the starting system, thereby realizing reliable starting of the electric motor of the present invention. (3) When the flywheel is running and the flywheel needs to output negative torque to the outside, first stop supplying power to each coil, and then the CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston through the Hall sensor in each cylinder, and according to the displacement direction of each piston Provide current in the corresponding direction to each coil through the coil drive circuit and keep the current direction unchanged, and then according to the position of each piston, quickly switch the magnetic polarity of the upper and lower ends of the electromagnet by rotating the electromagnet around its height center line by 180°, so that The electromagnet repeatedly generates damping force on each piston, thereby braking the crankshaft and causing the flywheel to output negative torque to the outside. (4) The Hall sensor in the present invention is located at the center of the bottom of the cylinder, and is opposite to the center of the bottom surface of the piston. Since the two magnetic poles of the piston and the two magnetic poles of the electromagnet are distributed in the same straight line up and down, the electromagnetic signal acquired by the Hall sensor basically comes from the bottom of the piston, that is, the Hall sensor is basically not disturbed by the electromagnet, which ensures the reliability of the piston position detection. sex. During specific implementation, electromagnetic compensation and/or shielding measures for shielding electromagnetic signals in the vertical direction can also be used to improve the reliability of the output signal of the Hall sensor. (5) In the present invention, the pistons are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the height center line of the cylinder in the corresponding cylinder, so as to ensure better uniformity and stability of the action of each piston and the force on the crankshaft. (6) The electric vehicles of the present invention mainly refer to electric vehicles, and may also be electric motorcycles, electric tricycles, electric agricultural machinery vehicles, etc.

Description of drawings

In order to make the content of the present invention more easily understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments according to the accompanying drawings, wherein

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric piston type motor in the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a turning mechanism and a cylinder block used to control the electromagnet to rotate 180° around its height centerline adopted by the electric piston motor in the embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of the control circuit of described electric piston type motor;

Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the transmission system of the electric piston-driven electric vehicle in the embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another turning mechanism and a cylinder adopted by the electric piston motor in the embodiment.

Detailed ways

See Fig. 1-3, the electric piston-driven electric vehicle suitable for electric braking of the present embodiment, it comprises: brake system, electric piston motor 20, the flywheel that is connected on the crankshaft in electric piston motor 20, be located at The clutch 21 on the flywheel, the gearbox 22 linked to each other with the output shaft of the clutch 21, the vehicle transmission system connected with the output shaft transmission of the gearbox 22; the ring gear on the outer edge of the flywheel meshes with the driving gear of a starting system. The starting system adopts the starting system in the prior art which is matched with the existing gasoline engine.

The vehicle transmission system includes: a drive shaft 24 connected to the output shaft of the gearbox 22 via a universal joint 23, a differential 27 connected to the drive shaft 24 via another universal joint, and a differential 27 connected to the differential 27. The connected wheels are driven via half shafts 26 . Among them, a final reducer 25 may be provided between the drive shaft 24 and the differential 27 .

The electric piston motor 20 includes: a cylinder body 1 made of a plurality of high-resistance non-magnetic materials (such as: aluminum alloy, copper alloy, etc.), a piston 5 made of a permanent magnet arranged in the cylinder body 1, a set The crankshaft 2 below each cylinder block 1 and the connecting rod 3 for connecting each piston 5 with the crankshaft 2; the upper end of the cylinder block 1 is provided with an electromagnet 7 coaxial with the cylinder block 1, The coil 8 of the electromagnet 7 is connected with a coil driving circuit; the center of the electromagnet 7 is fixed on a horizontal rotating shaft 9, and the rotating shaft 9 is arranged above the cylinder body 1 through a pair of bearing seats 4; The box 11 is connected to the stepping motor 12; the coil drive circuit and the stepping motor 12 are connected to a CPU unit; the upper and lower dead centers of the cylinder body 1 are respectively provided with upper and lower strokes connected to the CPU unit. Switches 13 and 14; a Hall sensor 15 connected to the CPU unit is provided at the center of the bottom of the cylinder body 1 . The Hall sensor 15 is opposite to the center of the bottom surface of the piston 5 . The Hall sensor 15 is arranged in a metal tube of non-magnetic material, and the metal tube is coaxial with the piston 5 . In order to further make the electromagnetic signal acquired by the Hall sensor 15 basically come from the bottom of the piston.

The braking system includes: a brake pedal and a brake pedal sensor connected to the CPU unit for detecting the position of the brake pedal; the up and down travel switches 13 and 14 are contact or infrared travel switches. The piston 5 is provided with a wear ring.

Each piston 5 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the height centerline of the cylinder 1 in the corresponding cylinder 1 . To ensure that the connecting rod 3 is suitable for continuously driving the crankshaft 2, and the output torque of the crankshaft 2 is stabilized.

During work, adopt described starting system to drive described flywheel, make described crankshaft 2 rotate, described CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston 5 through the Hall sensor 15 of each cylinder block 1 bottom; When the piston 5 in the cylinder 1 is moving downward, the CPU unit provides current in the corresponding direction to the coil 8 of the electromagnet 7 above the cylinder 1 through the coil drive circuit, so that the bottom of the electromagnet 7 The magnetic polarity of the piston 5 is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston 5, and the piston 5 is accelerated to move downward in the cylinder 1 due to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet 7; displacement, the CPU unit provides current in the corresponding direction to the coil 8 of the electromagnet 7 above the cylinder 1 through the coil drive circuit, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet 7 is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston 5 , the piston 5 is accelerated to move up in the cylinder 1 due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet 7; after the coils 8 of each electromagnet 7 are energized, the starting system is disconnected and the current direction in each coil 8 is kept constant. At the same time, when the CPU unit detects that the piston 5 in a cylinder 1 is about to reach the bottom dead center of the cylinder 1 through the downstroke switch 14, the CPU unit outputs a pulse to the stepping motor 12 signal to drive the stepping motor 12 to rotate a fixed angle in a set direction, so that the stepping motor 12 controls the rotating shaft 9 to rotate 180° through the gearbox 11, and the piston 5 at this time is just or has Arriving at the bottom dead center, because the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet 7 is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston 5, the piston 5 begins to move upward in the cylinder 1 due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet 7; when the CPU When the unit detects that the piston 5 is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder 1 through the upstroke switch 13, the CPU unit outputs another pulse signal to the stepping motor 12 to drive the stepping motor 12 to rotate in the opposite direction A fixed angle, so that the stepper motor 12 is controlled by the gearbox 11 to rotate the rotating shaft 9 reversely by 180°, and the piston 5 at this time has just reached or has reached the top dead center, and the piston 5 starts due to the downward repulsion. Downward displacement; so repeated, so that each piston 5 drives the crankshaft 2 to run through the corresponding connecting rod 3 to drive the flywheel to output positive torque, and the flywheel drives the vehicle transmission system through the clutch 21 and the gearbox 22, thereby driving the electric vehicle .

When the position of the speed regulating pedal in the non-releasing state remains unchanged, the CPU unit detects the position of the piston 5 through the Hall sensor 15 to obtain the position of the piston 5 and the electromagnet 7 in the same cylinder 1. According to the spacing, the current in the coil 8 is adjusted in real time through the coil drive circuit, so that the piston 5 maintains the interaction between the piston 5 and the electromagnet 7 during the upward and downward displacement process. The magnitude of the force is stable so that the continuity and stability of the power or torque output by the motor is better. When the position of the speed regulating pedal was changed, the CPU unit also adjusted the electric current in each coil 8 in real time with the distance between the piston 5 and the electromagnet 7 in the same cylinder 1, so that the piston 5 and the electromagnet 7 The change of the active force between them is linear, and corresponds to the change of the position of the speed regulating pedal, so that the vehicle speed changes linearly, so as to improve the driving comfort.

The speed regulating pedal of the electric vehicle (which adopts the accelerator pedal in the prior art) is provided with a speed regulating pedal sensor connected to the CPU unit, and the CPU unit detects the position of the speed regulating pedal through the speed regulating pedal sensor, and then controls each The magnitude of the electric current of coil 8, thereby realizes vehicle speed control. The speed regulating pedal sensor can be a pressure sensor, which outputs a corresponding pressure value signal according to the depth of the speed regulating pedal being stepped on. The speed regulating pedal can be replaced by a speed regulating handle (which adopts the speed regulating handle of an electric bicycle in the prior art), so as to be applied to an electric motorcycle or an electric tricycle.

The CPU unit is also connected with a vehicle gradient sensor for detecting the vehicle chassis angle (the vehicle gradient sensor disclosed in Chinese patent document CN2703248 can be used); when the electric vehicle is moving forward, if the vehicle gradient sensor measures the current vehicle gradient sensor When climbing upwards, and the position of the speed regulating pedal is measured unchanged, the CPU unit automatically adjusts the current of each coil 8 accordingly according to the size of the slope, so that the speed of the vehicle is stable. If it is detected by the vehicle gradient sensor that the current vehicle is downhill and the position of the governor pedal remains unchanged, the CPU unit automatically lowers the current of each coil 8 according to the gradient to stabilize the vehicle speed.

When the measured downhill slope is relatively large, such as greater than 10°, and the speed control pedal is detected to be released, regardless of whether the brake pedal is depressed, the CPU unit starts the motor braking program.

When the CPU unit starts the motor braking program, since the crankshaft 2 is in a running state, the CPU unit first controls the coil drive circuit to stop supplying power to each coil 8; The direction of displacement of the piston 5, if the positive displacement of the piston 5 is measured, the CPU unit provides the corresponding coil 8 with the current of the corresponding direction through the coil drive circuit, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet 7 is consistent with that of the piston. 5. The magnetic polarity at the top is opposite, so as to reduce the downward movement rate of the piston 5, thereby braking the crankshaft 2, that is, to make the flywheel output negative torque to the outside; The coil driving circuit provides the corresponding direction of current to the corresponding coil 8, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet 7 is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston 5, so as to reduce the upward movement rate of the piston 5, thereby braking the crankshaft 2.

When the crankshaft 2 has not stopped running, if the CPU unit detects that the piston 5 is about to reach the bottom dead center of the cylinder body 1 through the downstroke switch 14, the CPU unit outputs a pulse to the stepping motor 12 signal to drive the stepping motor 12 to rotate a fixed angle in the set direction, so that the stepping motor 12 controls the rotating shaft 9 to rotate 180° through the gearbox 11, if the piston 5 at this time is just or has When reaching the bottom dead center and starting to move upwards, since the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet 7 is the same as that at the top of the piston 5, the piston 5 is subjected to the downward repulsion force from the electromagnet 7 to brake when it begins to move upward. said crankshaft 2; if the CPU unit detects that the piston 5 is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder body 1 through the upstroke switch 13, the CPU unit outputs another pulse signal to the stepper motor 12 to drive the stepper motor 12. The stepping motor 12 reversely rotates a fixed angle, so that the stepping motor 12 controls the rotating shaft 9 through the gearbox 11 to reversely rotate 180°. Down displacement, then because the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet 7 is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston 5, the piston 5 brakes the crankshaft 2 due to the upper suction force from the electromagnet 7; so repeated, so that the flywheel Output negative torque to the outside until the speed of the vehicle falls within a safe speed, such as 30Km/h; or until the CPU unit detects that the speed control pedal is stepped down again through the speed control pedal sensor, at this time the CPU unit re-controls the normal output of the flywheel. torque.

When the CPU unit detects through the Hall sensor 15 that the displacement rate of each piston 5 is lower than a preset value (the preset value can be obtained through experiments), it judges that the crankshaft 2 is about to stop running. Considering that the current of the coil 8 cannot be changed instantaneously, when the crankshaft 2 is about to stop running, the power supply of the coil 8 is cut off in advance, which is beneficial to energy saving and ensures that the crankshaft 2 can stop running in time.

When the crankshaft 2 outputs braking torque to the outside, the current provided by the coil driving circuit to the coil 8 is a pulse current. One side of the coil 8 is provided with an air cooling device or the coil 8 is arranged in an oil cooling device; the duty cycle of the pulse current in the coil 8 is linearly or non-linearly negatively correlated with the temperature of the coil 8 to prevent Coil 8 overheats.

During the running of the electric vehicle, if the CPU unit detects that the vehicle speed is lower than 30Km/h through the vehicle speed sensor, the CPU unit starts the idling coasting program. That is, the CPU unit controls the magnitude of the current in each coil 8, so that the speed of the vehicle is stabilized at 20Km/h.

The braking system of the electric vehicle adopts the braking system of the gasoline motor vehicle of the prior art.

When the vehicle speed is high, such as greater than 40Km/h, the CPU unit detects that the brake pedal is stepped on through the brake pedal sensor, that is, when the brake system performs braking, the CPU unit also starts the motor braking program until the crankshaft 2 When the operation is about to stop, stop supplying power to each coil 8; or, until the CPU unit detects that the brake pedal is released through the brake pedal sensor, that is, when the braking system stops performing braking, stop supplying power to each coil 8; the CPU unit Re-control the flywheel to output positive torque; if it is detected that the speed regulating pedal is depressed at this time, the CPU unit re-controls the flywheel to output positive torque.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another kind of said overturning mechanism, and electromagnet 7 is located on the pinion 16, and the central axis of this pinion 16 is located on the central point of electromagnet 7, and this pinion 16 and a large The gear 17 is meshed, and the large gear 17 is connected with the transmission of the gearbox 11; when working, the CPU unit outputs a pulse signal to the stepping motor 12 to drive the stepping motor 12 to rotate a fixed position in a set direction. angle, so that the stepper motor 12 controls the pinion gear 16 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise by 180° through the gearbox 11 and the bull gear 17 .

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And these obvious changes or modifications derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An electric piston-driven electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises: a brake system, an electric piston motor (20), a flywheel connected to the crankshaft in the electric piston motor (20), a clutch (21) located on the flywheel ), a gearbox (22) connected to the output shaft of the clutch (21), and a vehicle transmission system connected to the output shaft of the gearbox (22); The ring gear on the outer edge of the flywheel meshes with the drive gear of a starting system; The electric piston motor (20) includes: a plurality of cylinders (1), pistons (5) made of permanent magnets arranged in the cylinders (1), and used to connect each piston (5) to the crankshaft (2) The connecting rod (3) for transmission connection; the crankshaft (2) is arranged under each cylinder block (1); The upper end of the cylinder (1) is provided with an electromagnet (7) coaxial with the cylinder (1), and the coil (8) of the electromagnet (7) is connected to a coil driving circuit, which is connected to the A CPU unit is connected; the electromagnet (7) is set on the turning mechanism controlled by the CPU unit; Up and down travel switches (13, 14) connected to the CPU unit are respectively provided at the top and bottom dead centers adjacent to the cylinder body (1), and a Hall switch connected to the CPU unit is provided at the bottom of the cylinder body (1). A sensor (15); the brake system includes: a brake pedal, a brake controlled by brake pedal transmission, and a brake pedal sensor connected to the CPU unit for detecting the position of the brake pedal; Each piston (5) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the height centerline of the cylinder (1) in the corresponding cylinder (1), so as to ensure that the connecting rod (3) is suitable for continuously driving the crankshaft (2) and make the crankshaft (2) ) The output torque is stable; The Hall sensor (15) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the cylinder (1), and is opposite to the center of the bottom surface of the piston (5). 2. The working method of the above-mentioned electric vehicle is characterized in that comprising: When the electric vehicle starts, the starting system is used to drive the flywheel and rotate the crankshaft (2), and the CPU unit detects the position of each piston (5) through the Hall sensor (15) at the bottom of each cylinder (1). displacement direction; If it is measured that the piston (5) in a cylinder (1) is moving downward, the CPU unit sends the coil (8) of the electromagnet (7) above the cylinder (1) through the coil drive circuit Provide current in the corresponding direction so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet (7) is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) moves in the cylinder (1) due to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet (7). ) to accelerate down; If it is measured that the piston (5) in a cylinder (1) is positively displaced, the CPU unit supplies the coil (8) of the electromagnet (7) above the cylinder (1) through the coil drive circuit. The current in the corresponding direction, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet (7) is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) moves in the cylinder (1) due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet (7). Inner acceleration moves up; After the coils (8) of each electromagnet (7) are energized, disconnect the starting system and keep the current direction in each coil (8) unchanged; At the same time, when the CPU unit detects that the piston (5) in a cylinder (1) is about to reach the bottom dead center of the cylinder (1) through the downstroke switch (14), the CPU unit passes the overturn The mechanism controls the electromagnet (7) above the cylinder (1) to rotate 180° around the height center line of the electromagnet (7), and at this time the piston (5) has reached the bottom dead center, because the electromagnet at this time (7) The magnetic polarity at the bottom is opposite to that at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) begins to move upward in the cylinder (1) due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet (7); when the CPU unit When it is detected by the upstroke switch (13) that the piston (5) in a cylinder (1) is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder (1), the CPU unit controls the cylinder (1) through the turning mechanism ) above the electromagnet (7) reversely rotates 180° around the center line of the height of the electromagnet (7), and the piston (5) at this time has reached the top dead center, because the bottom of the electromagnet (7) at this time The magnetic polarity is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) starts to move downward due to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet (7); so repeated, so that each piston (5) passes through the corresponding connecting rod (3) ) drives the crankshaft (2) to run and drives the flywheel to output positive torque, and the flywheel drives the vehicle transmission system through the clutch (21) and gearbox (22), thereby driving the electric vehicle; When the CPU unit detects that the brake pedal is stepped on through the brake pedal sensor, that is, when the brake system performs braking, the CPU unit starts the motor braking program, namely: The CPU unit first controls the coil drive circuit to stop supplying power to each coil (8), and then the CPU unit detects the displacement direction of each piston (5) through the Hall sensor (15). ) is moving downward, the CPU unit provides current in the corresponding direction to the corresponding coil (8) through the coil drive circuit, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet (7) is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5) On the contrary, the crankshaft (2) is braked by reducing the downward movement rate of the piston (5); if a positive upward displacement of a piston (5) is detected, the CPU unit sends the corresponding coil (8) to the corresponding coil (8) through the coil drive circuit. ) to provide current in the corresponding direction, so that the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the corresponding electromagnet (7) is the same as that at the top of the piston (5), so as to reduce the upward movement rate of the piston (5), thereby braking the crankshaft (2 ); When the crankshaft (2) is not stopped, if the CPU unit detects that the piston (5) is about to reach the bottom dead center of the cylinder (1) through the downstroke switch (14), the CPU unit will pass the The overturning mechanism controls the electromagnet (7) above the cylinder (1) to rotate 180° around the height center line of the electromagnet (7). At this time, the magnetic polarity at the bottom of the electromagnet (7) is the same as the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) is subjected to the downward repulsion from the electromagnet (7) at the same time as it begins to move upwards to brake the crankshaft ( 2); if the CPU unit detects that the piston (5) is about to reach the top dead center of the cylinder (1) through the upstroke switch (13), the CPU unit controls the cylinder (1) through the turning mechanism The upper electromagnet (7) reversely rotates 180° around the center line of the height of the electromagnet (7), if the piston (5) at this time has reached the top dead center and starts to move downward, because the electromagnet ( 7) The magnetic polarity at the bottom is opposite to the magnetic polarity at the top of the piston (5), and the piston (5) brakes the crankshaft (2) due to the upward suction force from the electromagnet (7); so repeated, so that the flywheel Output negative torque until the crankshaft (2) is about to stop running, stop supplying power to each coil (8); or until the CPU unit detects that the brake pedal is released through the brake pedal sensor, that is, the brake system stops During braking, power supply to each coil (8) is stopped. 3. The working method of the electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the CPU unit detects the position of the piston (5) through the Hall sensor (15) to obtain the position of the piston (5) in the same cylinder (1). the distance between the piston (5) and the electromagnet (7), and adjust the current in the coil (8) through the coil drive circuit in real time according to the distance, so that the piston (5) is on the , During the downward displacement process, keep the force between the piston (5) and the electromagnet (7) stable. 4. The working method of the electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the CPU unit detects that the displacement rate of each piston (5) is lower than the preset value through the Hall sensor (15), it judges that the The crankshaft (2) is about to stop. 5. The electric piston-driven electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Hall sensor (15) is set in a metal tube of non-magnetic material, and the metal tube is connected to the piston (5) Concentric line.

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