CN102650319A - Fluid static pressure bearing - Google Patents
Fluid static pressure bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102650319A CN102650319A CN2012100656134A CN201210065613A CN102650319A CN 102650319 A CN102650319 A CN 102650319A CN 2012100656134 A CN2012100656134 A CN 2012100656134A CN 201210065613 A CN201210065613 A CN 201210065613A CN 102650319 A CN102650319 A CN 102650319A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a closed fluid static pressure guide rail, which comprises a first fluid input opening, a second fluid input opening, a locking surface, a component to be locked, a first flow passage, a second flow passage, a throttler, a first surface of the component to be locked, a second surface of the component to be locked, a first carrying or guide surface, a second carrying or guide surface and a base body, wherein the first fluid input opening is connected with the first flow passage, the second fluid input opening is connected with the second flow passage, the first surface of the component to be locked and the first carrying or guide surface form a lubricating gap in opposite directions, the second surface of the component to be locked and the second carrying or guide surface form a lubricating gap in opposite directions, the base body comprises a locking surface, a first carrying or guide surface and a second carrying or guide surface, and the second surface of the component to be locked and the locking surface can be separated, can be in contact or can be tightly pressed and locked.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrostatic bearing.
Background technique
Hydrostatic bearing is a kind of non-contact type bearing, and it utilizes for example air of flowing medium, lubricant oil, or other fluid obtains bearing capacity through throttling action.Hydrostatic bearing has advantages such as precision height, little, the good stability of vibration, therefore is widely used in accurate and fields such as ultraprecise processing, detection.The radial support of the hydrostatic pressure shaft bearing main shaft that can be used to rotate for example, the axially mounting of the main shaft that the hydrostatic pressure thrust bearing can be used to rotate; Hydrostatic bearing can also be used to do the supporting of the guide rail of straight line or curvilinear motion.The practical application that has is for reliable operation; The main shaft of assembling hydrostatic bearing is accurately needing first locking to carry out follow-up operation again behind the calibration; The guide rail of assembling hydrostatic bearing is accurately needing first locking to carry out follow-up operation again behind the location; When locking, need hydrostatic bearing can not change original Location accuracy, this has just proposed very high requirement to the hydrostatic bearing that had been suspension effect originally.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of when locking, can compressing in case the enclosed hydrostatic bearing that fastening position precision changes.
A kind of technological scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is: a kind of enclosed hydrostatic pressure Locking Device comprises and treats locking component, base body, first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening, first flow, second runner;
Base body comprises locking face, carrying or guide surface one, carrying or guide surface two;
Treat that locking component comprises and treat locking component surface one, treat locking component surface two;
The said first flow or second runner can lay respectively at treats locking component or base body;
The said first fluid inlet opening or the second fluid inlet opening can lay respectively at treats locking component or base body;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Carry or guide surface two and locking face can be same of same parts, or the locking face is surfaces of different parts with said carrying or guide surface two, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two;
The locking face can adopt the high material of friction factor, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two, can protect and carry or guide surface two;
The locking face with treat locking component surface two lockings after, the mechanical device that can increase other is given and is treated that locking component is exerted pressure and satisfy the locking required pressure;
The present invention adopts the fluid lubrication film pressure to drive and treats that the locking component surface two of locking component compresses with the locking face, and the increase process of locking strength is steadily balanced, treats that the possibility of the occurrence positions error of locking component in the locking process reduces greatly.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be the rotating shaft that rotates, and its base body can comprise shaft bearing, thrust bearing, overcoat, pressure-bearing gasket ring;
The pressure-bearing gasket ring comprises the locking face, and thrust bearing comprises and carrying or guide surface one, shaft bearing comprise and carrying or guide surface two
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can lay respectively on overcoat or the thrust bearing;
Base body comprises first flow, second runner;
Rotating shaft comprises to be treated locking component surface one and treats locking component surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Shaft bearing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Shaft bearing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be the H type rotating shaft that rotates, and base body comprises bearing housing, overcoat, pressure-bearing gasket ring;
Said rotating shaft comprises thrust plate, lower thrust plate, axle journal, and said upward thrust plate and axle journal can be integrated designs, and perhaps lower thrust plate and axle journal can be integrated designs;
The pressure-bearing gasket ring comprises the locking face, and bearing housing comprises carrying or guide surface one and carrying or guide surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can be positioned on overcoat or the bearing housing;
Base body comprises first flow, second runner, and said first flow, second runner can lay respectively on overcoat or the bearing housing;
Rotating shaft comprises to be treated locking component surface one and treats locking component surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Bearing housing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Bearing housing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a T type slide carriage of doing straight line or curvilinear motion, and base body can comprise guide rail body, pedestal, pressure-bearing cushion block;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage, and said side slide carriage can be two different parts with said slide carriage down, also can be the same parts of one processing;
The pressure-bearing cushion block comprises the locking face, the guide rail body lower surface for carry or guide surface one, guide rail body upper surface for carrying or guide surface two
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can be positioned on slide carriage or side slide carriage or the following slide carriage;
Said first flow, second runner are positioned on the slide carriage;
The said locking component surface one of treating is slide carriage upper surface down, treats that locking component surface two is last slide carriage lower surface;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
The said slide carriage lower surface of going up can separate or contact with the locking face, or compresses locking;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a V-type slide carriage of doing straight line or curvilinear motion, and base body can comprise guide rail body, pedestal;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage, and the two ends that said side slide carriage is connected in slide carriage form the V-type groove;
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a slide carriage of doing straight line or curvilinear motion, and its base body can comprise guide rail body, pedestal, pressure-bearing cushion block;
The pressure-bearing cushion block comprises the locking face, the guide rail body inclined side for carry or guide surface one, guide rail body upper surface for carrying or guide surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can be positioned at slide carriage or side slide carriage;
Said first flow, second runner are positioned on the slide carriage;
The said locking component surface one of treating is side slide carriage inner side surface, treats that locking component surface two is last slide carriage lower surface;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
The said slide carriage lower surface of going up can separate or contact with the locking face, or compresses locking;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing cushion block locking face are same of same parts;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a T type slide carriage of doing straight line or curvilinear motion, and base body can comprise guide rail body, pedestal;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage, and said side slide carriage can be two different parts with said slide carriage down, also can be the same parts of one processing;
The guide rail body lower surface for carry or guide surface one, pedestal upper surface for carrying or guide surface two also is the locking face simultaneously;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can be positioned on slide carriage or side slide carriage or the following slide carriage;
Said first flow, second runner are positioned on the slide carriage;
The said locking component surface one of treating is slide carriage upper surface down, treats that locking component surface two is slide carriage lower surface down;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Said slide carriage lower surface down can separate or contact with pedestal upper surface, or compresses locking.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a V-type slide carriage of doing straight line or curvilinear motion, and base body can comprise guide rail body, pedestal;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage, and the two ends that said side slide carriage is connected in slide carriage form the V-type groove;
The guide rail body inclined side for carry or guide surface one, pedestal upper surface for carrying or guide surface two also is the locking face simultaneously;
The said locking component surface one of treating is side slide carriage inner side surface, treats that locking component surface two is side slide carriage lower surface;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening can be positioned at slide carriage or side slide carriage;
Said first flow, second runner are positioned on the slide carriage;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Said side slide carriage lower surface can separate or contact with pedestal upper surface, or compresses locking.
A kind of method that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked:
Open the first fluid inlet opening, high-pressure fluid medium gets into the lubrication gap of treating that locking component surface one and carrying or guide surface one form in opposite directions through said fluid inlet opening, runner and flow controller, forms the fluid lubrication film;
Opening the second fluid inlet opening, high-pressure fluid medium gets into through said fluid inlet opening, runner and flow controller and treats that locking component surface two and carrying or guide surface two-phase to forming the lubrication gap, form the fluid lubrication film;
Treat to float under the effect of locking component by said fluid lubrication film pressure;
Close the second fluid inlet opening; Treat that the fluid lubrication film pressure reduces between locking component surface two and carrying or the guide surface two; Treat that locking component surface two contacts and compresses with the locking face, treats that the frictional force between locking component surperficial two and the locking face will be treated the locking component locking.
Above-mentioned treating comprises the locking face between locking component surface two and carrying or the guide surface two, treats that the frictional force between locking component surface two and the locking face will be treated the locking component locking.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be rotating shaft, and base body comprises shaft bearing, thrust bearing, overcoat.
The above-mentioned locking component of treating can be a slide carriage, and said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage; Said slide carriage comprises first fluid inlet opening, first flow, treats locking component surface one, the second fluid inlet opening, second runner, treats locking component surface two, flow controller; Base body comprises guide rail body and pedestal.
Flow controller of the present invention can be orifice restriction device, slit flow controller, porous matter flow controller, capillary restrictor and film feedback-throttling device etc.Lubrication gap of the present invention is generally more than 2 microns, below 100 microns, according to the different lubrication gap of the different choice of throttle style and lubricant medium to reach high bearing capacity and rigidity.Flowing medium of the present invention can be gas or liquid, and for example air, lubricated wet goods if lubricant medium is a gas, can be provided with balancing slit in the flow controller outlet port; If lubricant medium is a liquid, then toward contact oil pocket need be set in the flow controller outlet port, also oil-return groove need be set in case of necessity.
In the apparatus and method that the present invention proposes; When needing accurately to locate locking; The locking direction is set to and main shaft or the perpendicular direction of guide rail movement direction, utilizes the change of the fluid lubrication film pressure difference between the different fluid lubricating film, drives to treat that locking component is in and float or the different conditions of locking; Treat that the displacement of locking component from the float state to the lockup state is very little; The variation of fluid lubrication film pressure difference is evenly with level and smooth, treat locking component float or the different conditions conversion process of locking in the possibility of occurrence positions error just reduce greatly, in the state conversion process, do not change original Location accuracy.
The present invention can be used for accurate ultra working machine tool and detection facility field, also can be used for electronics manufacturing and encapsulation field, but is not limited to above-mentioned field.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A shows the floating structure figure of the locking enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Figure 1B shows the keying structure figure of the locking enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 A shows the floating structure figure of the locking T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 B shows the keying structure figure of the locking T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 A shows the floating structure figure of the locking V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 B shows the keying structure figure of the locking V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 A shows the floating structure figure of the locking T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 B shows the keying structure figure of the locking T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 A shows the floating structure figure of the locking V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 B shows the keying structure figure of the locking V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 A shows the floating structure figure of the locking H type enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of one of specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 B shows the keying structure figure of the locking H type enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of one of specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, Figure 1A, Figure 1B show a kind of mode of execution that has the enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of lock function based on of the present invention; Said main shaft comprises parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10, base body comprise shaft bearing 11, overcoat 12, pressure-bearing gasket ring 13, thrust gasket ring 14, thrust bearing 15, attachment screw 16, attachment screw 17; Described shaft bearing 11 has the inner columniform bearing surface 11a that is; The respective external cylindrical shaft bearing surface 10a of this bearing surface 11a and parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 in opposite directions, said main shaft is provided with lubrication gap between bearing surface 11a and 10a provides the flow controller 111 of flowing medium, fluid inlet opening 121 and corresponding runner L3; Said shaft bearing 11 has carrying or guide surface two 11b; Parts surface two 10b corresponding to be locked of this carrying or guide surface two 11b and parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, said main shaft be provided with to carry or guide surface two 11b and parts surface to be locked two 10b between the lubrication gap flow controller 112, the second fluid inlet opening 122 and the corresponding runner L2 of flowing medium are provided; Said main shaft is provided with thrust bearing 15; Said thrust bearing 15 is provided with and carries or guide surface one 15c; Parts surface one 10c corresponding to be locked of this carrying or guide surface one 15c and parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, said main shaft be provided with to carry or guide surface one 15c and parts surface to be locked one 10c between the lubrication gap flow controller 151, first fluid inlet opening 152 and the corresponding runner L1 of flowing medium are provided; Thrust bearing 15 was opened by the thrust gasket ring with shaft bearing 11 in 14 minutes; Said main shaft is provided with pressure-bearing gasket ring 13; This pressure-bearing gasket ring 13 is fixed on the shaft bearing 11 through screw 17; The lock face 13b of pressure-bearing gasket ring 13 exceeds the carrying or the guide surface two 11b certain distances of shaft bearing 11, but when parts to be locked--when rotating shaft 10 is in the hydrostatic pressure state of suspension lock face 13b can not with parts to be locked--, and parts surface to be locked two 10b of-rotating shaft 10 contact; Thrust bearing 15, thrust gasket ring 14, shaft bearing 11 and overcoat 12 are fixed together through screw 16.
Parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 can link to each other with driving elements such as motors.When parts to be locked--when-rotating shaft 10 needs rotation; All open fluid inlet opening 121, the second fluid inlet opening 122 and first fluid inlet opening 152; The external high pressure flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through fluid inlet opening, corresponding runner and flow controller 111,112 and 151 and forms the fluid lubrication film with certain pressure; Under the effect of fluid lubrication film pressure with parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 is floated, and parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 can be rotated under the driving element effect; When parts to be locked--when-rotating shaft 10 needs locking; Can the second fluid inlet opening 122 be closed; Parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 moves downward under the fluid lubrication film pressure effect between carrying or guide surface one 15c and parts surface to be locked one 10c;--parts surface to be locked two 10b of-rotating shaft 10 contact and compress with the lock face 13b of pressure-bearing gasket ring 13, rely on frictional force between parts surface two 10b to be locked and the lock face 13b with parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 lockings that make parts to be locked.When the fluid lubrication film pressure between carrying or guide surface one 15c and parts surface to be locked one 10c does not satisfy the locking required pressure; The mechanical device that can increase other is given parts to be locked--and-rotating shaft 10 is exerted pressure and is satisfied the locking required pressure; This moment is because parts to be locked--and-rotating shaft 10 is compressed by the fluid lubrication film pressure with pressure-bearing gasket ring 13; Therefore utilize other mechanical device to give parts to be locked--when-rotating shaft 10 was exerted pressure, the possibility of the generation angular errors of parts to be locked---rotating shaft 10 just reduced greatly.
In the present embodiment, thrust gasket ring 14 can be integrated design with thrust bearing 15; Perhaps thrust gasket ring 14 can be integrated design with overcoat 12; Or thrust gasket ring 14, shaft bearing 11 and overcoat 12 can be the integrated design.
Embodiment two, Fig. 2 A and 2B provide and adopt a kind of T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of the present invention; In this mode of execution; Parts to be locked comprise slide carriage 2; Base body comprises guide rail body 21, pedestal 20 and pressure-bearing cushion block 25, and described slide carriage 2 comprises slide carriage 24, two side slide carriages 23 and two following slide carriages 22, thereby wherein two side slide carriages 23 are connected in the two ends of slide carriage 24 respectively, two following slide carriages 22 are connected with two side slide carriages 23 respectively and form T type groove 26; Described guide rail body 21 is arranged in this T type groove 26; Guide rail body 21 is connected through attachment face 21d and pedestal 20, can be provided with the space 211 that is used to install linear electric motor or feed screw nut in the guide rail body 21, and pressure-bearing cushion block 25 is connected with guide rail body 21.
In this embodiment, guide rail body lower surface 21a is for carrying or guide surface one, and following slide carriage upper surface 22a is a parts surface one to be locked; Guide rail body upper surface 21c is for carrying or guide surface two, and pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 25c is a lock face, and last slide carriage lower surface 24c is a parts surface two to be locked.
Guide rail body lower surface 21a and following slide carriage upper surface 22a form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and following slide carriage 22 is provided with the flow controller 221 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap; Guide rail body upper surface 21c and last slide carriage lower surface 24c form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and last slide carriage 24 is provided with the flow controller 241 that flowing medium is provided to this gap; Guide rail body side 21b and side slide carriage inner side surface 23b form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and side slide carriage 23 is provided with the flow controller 231 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap.
In this mode of execution; Being provided with and to flow controller 231 and flow controller 221 the fluid inlet opening 232 of flowing medium being provided is first fluid inlet opening and corresponding first flow P1, also is provided with 242 second fluid inlet openings, fluid inlet opening and the corresponding second runner P2 that flowing medium is provided to flow controller 241.When slide carriage 2 needed motion, all opened with fluid inlet opening 242 fluid inlet opening 232, and flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through flow controller 231,221 and 241, slide carriage 2 is floated, thereby slide carriage 2 is moved under the effect of driving element.When slide carriage 2 needed locking, fluid inlet opening 242 was closed, and stops to flow controller 241 accommodating fluid media, and the fluid medium pressure in the lubrication gap between slide carriage lower surface 24c and the guide rail body upper surface 21c is reduced; Open fluid inlet opening 232; To flow controller 231 and 221 accommodating fluid media; Make the lubrication gap between the lubrication gap between side slide carriage inner side surface 23b and the guide rail body side 21b, following slide carriage upper surface 22a and the guide rail body lower surface 21a all be full of the flowing medium that pressure is arranged; Thereby slide carriage 2 is moved downward, make slide carriage lower surface 24c contact and compress, rely on the frictional force between the two that slide carriage 2 is locked with pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 25c.
When the fluid lubrication film pressure between carrying or guide surface one 21a and parts surface to be locked one 22a does not satisfy the locking required pressure; The mechanical device that can increase other is given parts to be locked--and-slide carriage 2 is exerted pressure and is satisfied the locking required pressure; This moment is because parts to be locked--and-slide carriage 2 is compressed by the fluid lubrication film pressure with pressure-bearing cushion block 25; Therefore utilize other mechanical device to give parts to be locked--when-slide carriage 2 was exerted pressure, the possibility of the occurrence positions error of parts to be locked---slide carriage 2 just reduced greatly.
If desired; Also can make guide rail body upper surface 21c and pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 25c is same; Through design make slide carriage 2 be in state of suspension at present the gap between slide carriage lower surface 22d and the pedestal upper surface 20d less than the distance between last slide carriage lower surface 24c and the guide rail body upper surface 21c; Thereby make and move downward at present by slide carriage 2 slide carriage lower surface 22d contacts and compresses with pedestal upper surface 20d; Thereby make slide carriage 2 lockings, but this moment processing and the assembly precision of slide carriage 2, guide rail body 21 and pedestal upper surface 20d are had higher requirement.
Embodiment three, Fig. 3 A and 3B provide and adopt a kind of V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of the present invention, and in this mode of execution, parts to be locked comprise slide carriage 3; Base body comprises pedestal 30, guide rail body 31, pressure-bearing cushion block 35;
Described slide carriage 3 comprises slide carriage 34 and two side slide carriages 33; Wherein thereby two side slide carriages 33 two ends of being connected in slide carriage 34 respectively form V-type groove 36; Described guide rail body 31 is arranged in this V-type groove 36; Guide rail body 31 is connected through attachment face 31d and pedestal 30, can be provided with the space 311 that is used to install linear electric motor or feed screw nut in the guide rail body 31, and pressure-bearing cushion block 35 is connected with guide rail body 31.
In this mode of execution, guide rail body inclined side 31b is for carrying or guide surface one, and side slide carriage inner side surface 33b is a parts surface one to be locked; Guide rail body upper surface 31c is as carrying or guide surface two, and last slide carriage lower surface 34c is a parts surface two to be locked; Pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c is a lock face.Said pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c and guide rail body upper surface 31c can be different surfaces, also can be similar face; If said pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c and said guide rail body upper surface 31c are not same surfaces; Said pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c is higher than guide rail body upper surface 31c, and pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c can not contact with last slide carriage lower surface 34c when slide carriage 3 is in the hydrostatic pressure state of suspension.
Guide rail body upper surface 31c and last slide carriage lower surface 34c form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and last slide carriage 34 is provided with the flow controller 341 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap; Guide rail body inclined side 31b and side slide carriage inner side surface 33b form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and side slide carriage 33 is provided with the flow controller 331 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap.
In this mode of execution; Being provided with and to flow controller 341 the fluid inlet opening 342 of fluid being provided is the second fluid inlet opening and the corresponding second runner Q2, and also being provided with to flow controller 331 provides the fluid inlet opening 332 of fluid to be first fluid inlet opening and corresponding first flow Q1.When slide carriage 3 needed motion, all opened with fluid inlet opening 332 fluid inlet opening 342, and flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through flow controller 341 and flow controller 331, slide carriage 3 is floated, thereby slide carriage 3 is moved under the effect of driving element.When slide carriage 3 needed locking, fluid inlet opening 342 was closed, and stops to flow controller 341 accommodating fluid media, and the fluid medium pressure in the lubrication gap between slide carriage lower surface 34c and the guide rail body upper surface 31c is reduced; Open fluid inlet opening 332; To flow controller 331 accommodating fluid media; Make the lubrication gap between side slide carriage inner side surface 33b and the guide rail body inclined side 31b be full of the flowing medium that pressure is arranged; Thereby slide carriage 3 is moved downward, make slide carriage lower surface 34c contact and compress, rely on the frictional force between the two that slide carriage 3 is locked with pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface 35c.
Embodiment four, Fig. 4 A and 4B provide and adopt another kind of T type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of the present invention, and in this mode of execution, parts to be locked comprise slide carriage 4; Base body comprises pedestal 40, guide rail body 41.
Said slide carriage 4 comprises slide carriage 44, two side slide carriages 43 and two following slide carriages 42; Wherein two side slide carriages 43 are connected in the two ends of slide carriage 44 respectively, two following slide carriages 42 are connected in respectively and form T type groove 46 on two side slide carriages 43; Said guide rail body 41 is arranged in this T type groove 46; Guide rail body 41 is connected through attachment face 41d and pedestal 40, can be provided with the space 411 that is used to install linear electric motor or feed screw nut in the guide rail body 41.
In this embodiment, guide rail body lower surface 41a is for carrying or guide surface one, and following slide carriage upper surface 42a is a parts surface one to be locked; Pedestal upper surface 40d also is a lock face for carrying or guide surface two simultaneously, and following slide carriage lower surface 42d is a parts surface two to be locked.
Guide rail body lower surface 41a and following slide carriage upper surface 42a form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and following slide carriage 42 is provided with the flow controller 422 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap; Pedestal upper surface 40d and following slide carriage lower surface 42d form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and following slide carriage 42 is provided with the flow controller 421 that fluid is provided to this lubrication gap; Guide rail body side 41b and side slide carriage inner side surface 43b form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and side slide carriage 43 is provided with the flow controller 431 that fluid is provided to this lubrication gap.
In this mode of execution; Being provided with to flow controller 431 and flow controller 422 provides the fluid inlet opening 432 of fluid to be first fluid inlet opening and corresponding first flow R1, and also being provided with and to flow controller 421 the fluid inlet opening 423 of fluid being provided is the second fluid inlet opening and the corresponding second runner R2.When slide carriage 4 needed motion, all opened fluid inlet opening 432 and 423, and flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through flow controller 431,422 and 421, slide carriage 4 is floated, thereby slide carriage 4 is moved under the effect of driving element.When slide carriage 4 needed locking, fluid inlet opening 423 was closed, and stops to flow controller 421 accommodating fluid media the hydrodynamic pressure in the lubrication gap between slide carriage lower surface 42d and the pedestal upper surface 40d being reduced; Open fluid inlet opening 432; To flow controller 431 and 422 accommodating fluid media; Make the lubrication gap between the lubrication gap between side slide carriage inner side surface 43b and the guide rail body side 41b, following slide carriage upper surface 42a and the guide rail body lower surface 41a all be full of the fluid that pressure is arranged; Thereby slide carriage 4 is moved downward, make down slide carriage lower surface 42d contact and compress, rely on the frictional force between the two that slide carriage 4 is locked with pedestal upper surface 40d.
When slide carriage 4 is in state of suspension; Lubrication gap two between following slide carriage lower surface 42d and the pedestal upper surface 40d is preferably less than the lubrication gap one between following slide carriage upper surface 42a and the guide rail body lower surface 41a; Thereby make slide carriage 4 from state of suspension when locking state changes; Fluid medium pressure between following slide carriage upper surface 42a and the guide rail body lower surface 41a still can keep higher value, thereby guarantees the locking power of slide carriage 4, and gap two has also reduced state of suspension in the lock state change procedure less than gap one; The displacement of slide carriage 4 has improved precision.
For realizing that said gap two is less than gap one; If flow controller 422 and 421 is orifice restriction devices; The throttle orifice diameter of flow controller 422 is all bigger than the throttle orifice diameter and the quantity of flow controller 421 greater than the throttle orifice diameter and the quantity of the quantity of flow controller 421 or flow controller 422 greater than the quantity of the throttle orifice diameter of flow controller 421 or flow controller 422; Through this set, under the situation of same load and identical confession flowing pressure, realize that gap two is less than gap one.Change if act on the load of slide carriage 4, can realize that gap two is less than gap one through hydrodynamic pressure that increases fluid inlet opening 432 or the hydrodynamic pressure that reduces fluid inlet opening 423.Other specific embodiments also need be considered gap two less than gap one, and said method also is applicable to other specific embodiments.
Embodiment five, Fig. 5 A and 5B provide and adopt another kind of V-type enclosed hydrostatic pressure guide rail of the present invention, and in this mode of execution, parts to be locked comprise slide carriage 5; Base body comprises pedestal 50, guide rail body 51.
Described slide carriage 5 comprises slide carriage 54 and two side slide carriages 53; Wherein thereby two side slide carriages 53 two ends of being connected in slide carriage 54 respectively form V-type groove 56; Described guide rail body 51 is arranged in this V-type groove 56; Guide rail body 51 is connected through attachment face 51d and pedestal 50, can be provided with the space 511 that is used to install linear electric motor or feed screw nut in the guide rail body 51.
In this mode of execution, guide rail body inclined side 51b is for carrying or guide surface one, and side slide carriage inner side surface 53b is a parts surface one to be locked; Pedestal upper surface 50d is as carrying or guide surface two, and side slide carriage lower surface 53d is a parts surface two to be locked, is lock face simultaneously.
Guide rail body inclined side 51b and side slide carriage inner side surface 53b form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and side slide carriage 53 is provided with the flow controller 532 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap; Pedestal upper surface 50d and side slide carriage lower surface 53d form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and side slide carriage 53 is provided with the flow controller 531 that flowing medium is provided to this lubrication gap.
In this mode of execution; Being provided with to flow controller 532 provides the fluid inlet opening 533 of flowing medium to be first fluid inlet opening and corresponding first flow S1, and also being provided with and to flow controller 531 the fluid inlet opening 534 of fluid being provided is the second fluid inlet opening and the corresponding second runner S2.When slide carriage 5 needed motion, all opened fluid inlet opening 533 and 534, and flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through flow controller 531 and 532, slide carriage 5 is floated, thereby slide carriage 5 is moved under the effect of driving element.When slide carriage 5 needed locking, fluid inlet opening 534 was closed, and stops to flow controller 531 accommodating fluid media the hydrodynamic pressure in the lubrication gap between side slide carriage lower surface 53d and the pedestal upper surface 50d being reduced; Open fluid inlet opening 533; To flow controller 532 accommodating fluids; Make the lubrication gap between side slide carriage inner side surface 53b and the guide rail body inclined side 51b be full of the fluid that pressure is arranged; Thereby slide carriage 5 is moved downward, make side slide carriage lower surface 53d contact and compress, rely on the frictional force between the two that slide carriage 5 is locked with pedestal upper surface 50d.
Embodiment six, Figure 1A, Figure 1B show a kind of mode of execution that has the enclosed hydrostatic pressure main shaft of lock function based on of the present invention, and said main shaft comprises that parts rotating shaft to be locked 60, base body comprise bearing housing 61, overcoat 62, pressure-bearing gasket ring 63;
Said parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked comprises thrust plate 602, lower thrust plate 601, axle journal 603, and said upward thrust plate 602 or lower thrust plate 601 can be parts with axle journal 603 respectively, perhaps are connected.
Described bearing housing 61 has the inner columniform bearing surface 61a that is; The respective external cylindrical shaft bearing surface 60a of this bearing surface 61a and axle journal 603 in opposite directions, said bearing housing 61 is provided with the flow controller 611 that lubrication gap between bearing surface 61a and 60a provides flowing medium; Said bearing housing 61 has carrying or guide surface two 61b; Parts surface two 602b corresponding to be locked of this carrying or guide surface two 61b and last thrust plate 602 form the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the lubrication gap that said main shaft is provided with between carrying or guide surface two 61b and parts surface to be locked two 602b provides flow controller 612, the second fluid inlet opening 614 of flowing medium and the runner T2 that is connected; Said bearing housing 61 is provided with and carries or guide surface one 61c; Parts surface one 601c corresponding to be locked of this carrying or guide surface one 61c and lower thrust plate 601 forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the lubrication gap that said main shaft is provided with between carrying or guide surface one 61c and parts surface to be locked one 601c provides flow controller 613, the first fluid inlet opening 621 of flowing medium and the runner T1 that is connected; Said main shaft is provided with pressure-bearing gasket ring 63; This pressure-bearing gasket ring 63 is fixed on the bearing housing 61; The lock face 63b of pressure-bearing gasket ring 63 exceeds the carrying or the guide surface two 61b certain distances of bearing housing 61, but lock face 63b can not contact with parts surface to be locked two 602b of last thrust plate 602 when parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked is in the hydrostatic pressure state of suspension;
Parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked can link to each other with driving elements such as motors.When parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked needs rotation; All open with first fluid inlet opening 621 the second fluid inlet opening 614; The external high pressure flowing medium gets into all lubrication gaps through said fluid inlet opening, corresponding runner and flow controller 611,612 and 613 and forms the fluid lubrication film with certain pressure; Under the effect of fluid lubrication film pressure, parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked is floated, parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked can be rotated under the driving element effect; When parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked needs locking; Can the second fluid inlet opening 614 be closed; The fluid lubrication film pressure effect downward motion of parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked between carrying or guide surface one 61c and parts surface to be locked one 601c; Make parts surface to be locked two 602b of parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked contact and compress, rely on the frictional force between parts surface two 602b to be locked and the lock face 63b that parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked is locked with the lock face 63b of pressure-bearing gasket ring 63.When the fluid lubrication film pressure between carrying or guide surface one 61c and parts surface to be locked one 601c does not satisfy the locking required pressure; The mechanical device that can increase other exerts pressure for parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked to satisfy the locking required pressure; This moment is owing to parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked is compressed by the fluid lubrication film pressure with pressure-bearing gasket ring 63; Therefore when utilizing other mechanical device to exert pressure for parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked, the possibility of the generation angular errors of parts rotating shaft 60 to be locked just reduces greatly.
The foregoing description is not a limitation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art draw various mode of executions through the present invention, dimensional changes for example, and outer shape structure, the variation of arranging, material replacement etc. all belong to protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an enclosed hydrostatic pressure Locking Device is characterized in that, comprises treating locking component, base body, first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening, first flow, second runner;
Base body comprises locking face, carrying or guide surface one, carrying or guide surface two;
Treat that locking component comprises and treat locking component surface one, treat locking component surface two;
The said first flow or second runner are positioned at treats locking component or base body;
The said first fluid inlet opening or the second fluid inlet opening are positioned at treats locking component or base body;
Said first fluid inlet opening is connected with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening is connected with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Carry or guide surface two and locking face can be same of same parts, or the locking face is surfaces of different parts with said carrying or guide surface two, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises rotating shaft, and base body comprises shaft bearing, thrust bearing, overcoat, pressure-bearing gasket ring;
The pressure-bearing gasket ring comprises the locking face, and thrust bearing comprises carrying or guide surface one, and shaft bearing comprises carrying or guide surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening are positioned on overcoat or the thrust bearing;
Base body comprises first flow, second runner;
Rotating shaft comprises to be treated locking component surface one and treats locking component surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Shaft bearing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Shaft bearing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises rotating shaft, and base body comprises bearing housing, overcoat, pressure-bearing gasket ring;
Saidly treat that the locking component rotating shaft comprises thrust plate, lower thrust plate, axle journal, saidly go up thrust plate or lower thrust plate can be parts with axle journal respectively, perhaps be connected;
The pressure-bearing gasket ring comprises the locking face, and bearing housing comprises carrying or guide surface one and carrying or guide surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening are positioned on overcoat or the bearing housing;
Base body comprises first flow, second runner;
Rotating shaft comprises to be treated locking component surface one and treats locking component surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
Can separate or contact with the locking face on the said locking component surface two of treating, or compress locking;
Bearing housing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be parts in this way, and carrying or guide surface two and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Bearing housing and pressure-bearing gasket ring be two parts in this way, and locking face and said carrying or guide surface two are different surface, and the locking face is higher than carrying or guide surface two.
4. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises slide carriage, and base body comprises guide rail body, pedestal, pressure-bearing cushion block;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage;
The pressure-bearing cushion block comprises the locking face, the guide rail body lower surface for carry or guide surface one, guide rail body upper surface for carrying or guide surface two;
Said first fluid inlet opening, the second fluid inlet opening are positioned on slide carriage or side slide carriage or the following slide carriage;
Said first flow, second runner are positioned on the slide carriage;
The said locking component surface one of treating is slide carriage upper surface down, treats that locking component surface two is last slide carriage lower surface;
Said first fluid inlet opening links to each other with said first flow, and the said second fluid inlet opening links to each other with said second runner;
Said locking component surface one and said carrying or the guide surface one treated forms the lubrication gap in opposite directions, and the said locking component surface two and said carrying or guide surface two-phase of treating is to forming the lubrication gap;
The said slide carriage lower surface of going up can separate or contact with the locking face, or compresses locking;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be parts in this way, and guide rail body upper surface and pressure-bearing gasket ring locking face are same of same parts;
Guide rail body and pressure-bearing cushion block be two parts in this way, and locking face and said guide rail body upper surface are different surface, and the locking face is higher than the guide rail body upper surface.
5. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises slide carriage, and base body comprises guide rail body, pedestal;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage;
The said locking component surface one of treating is slide carriage upper surface down, treats that locking component surface two is slide carriage lower surface down;
The guide rail body lower surface for carry or guide surface one, pedestal upper surface for carrying or guide surface two also is the locking face simultaneously;
Said slide carriage lower surface down can separate or contact with pedestal upper surface, or compresses locking.
6. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises slide carriage, and base body comprises guide rail body, pedestal, pressure-bearing cushion block;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage and side slide carriage, and the two ends that said side slide carriage is connected in slide carriage form the V-type groove;
The guide rail body inclined side is for carrying or guide surface one, and said side slide carriage inner side surface is for treating locking component surface one; The guide rail body upper surface is for carrying or guide surface two, and last slide carriage lower surface is for treating locking component surface two; Pressure-bearing cushion block upper surface is the locking face.
7. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said locking component of treating comprises slide carriage, and base body comprises guide rail body, pedestal;
Said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage, and the two ends that the side slide carriage is connected in slide carriage form the V-type groove;
The guide rail body inclined side for carry or guide surface one, pedestal upper surface for carrying or guide surface two also is the locking face simultaneously;
The said locking component surface one of treating is side slide carriage inner side surface, treats that locking component surface two is side slide carriage lower surface;
Said side slide carriage lower surface and pedestal upper surface with can separate or contact, or compress locking.
8. enclosed hydrostatic pressure locking method is characterized in that:
Open the first fluid inlet opening, high-pressure fluid medium gets into the lubrication gap of treating that locking component surface one and carrying or guide surface one form in opposite directions through said fluid inlet opening, runner and flow controller, forms the fluid lubrication film;
Opening the second fluid inlet opening, high-pressure fluid medium gets into through said fluid inlet opening, runner and flow controller and treats that locking component surface two and carrying or guide surface two-phase to the lubrication gap that forms, form the fluid lubrication film;
Treat to float under the effect of locking component by said fluid lubrication film pressure;
Close the second fluid inlet opening; Treat that the fluid lubrication film pressure reduces between locking component surface two and carrying or the guide surface two; Treat that locking component surface two contacts and compresses with carrying or guide surface two, treats that the frictional force between locking component surperficial two and carrying or the guide surface two will be treated the locking component locking.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, treats that locking component comprises rotating shaft, and base body comprises shaft bearing, thrust bearing, overcoat.
10. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, treats that locking component comprises slide carriage, and said slide carriage comprises slide carriage, side slide carriage and following slide carriage; Said slide carriage comprises first fluid inlet opening, first flow, treats locking component surface one, the second fluid inlet opening, second runner, treats locking component surface two, flow controller; Base body comprises guide rail body and pedestal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100656134A CN102650319A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Fluid static pressure bearing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100656134A CN102650319A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Fluid static pressure bearing |
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| CN102650319A true CN102650319A (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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| CN104500569A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 天津尚吉液压设备有限公司 | T-shaped hydraulic bearing of single restraint DOF |
| CN104533951A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 天津尚吉液压设备有限公司 | T-shaped hydraulic bearing with double-restraint degree of freedom |
| CN106640814A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 湖大海捷(湖南)工程技术研究有限公司 | Compound throttling device for micro-pore capillary tube used for static-pressure guide rail |
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| CN109630780A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | A kind of air bearing rotary joint |
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| CN110030270A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-19 | 南京艾提瑞精密机械有限公司 | A kind of sectional air track |
| CN109968049A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-05 | 南京艾提瑞精密机械有限公司 | A kind of air-float guide rail of ultraprecise dovetail groove configuration |
| CN112443577A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-05 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Hydraulic control film feedback throttling device and test method thereof |
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