CN102645573B - Noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector - Google Patents

Abstract

Non-contact high-voltage electrometry device, including ultrasonic receiving unit, electromagnetic signal receiving unit, shielding shell and main control circuit board; ultrasonic receiving unit includes ultrasonic transducer and directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver, directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving The body is a non-metallic parabolic structure, and the ultrasonic transducer is installed on the focus position of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver through the mounting bracket and is electrically connected to the main control circuit board; the electromagnetic signal receiving unit includes an even number of The electromagnetic signal receiving antenna on the receiving body and close to the edge of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body is symmetrically distributed along the circumference and is electrically connected to the main control circuit board; the main control circuit board is provided with an ultrasonic signal processing module, a multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module, a data Display module, audio output module and processing chip. The invention combines signals with different properties and different forms to realize the location of the electric test of the high-voltage equipment, and has good directivity and high sensitivity.

Description

Non-contact ultra-high voltage electrometry device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric inspection of live equipment in electric power systems, and in particular relates to a non-contact ultra-high voltage electric inspection device for electric inspection and detection of live equipment based on the combination of ultrasonic wave and electromagnetic induction.

Background technique

High-voltage power lines are the lifeblood of the national economy. Live lines and live equipment are ubiquitous in the actual operating power system. The staff must identify and locate the live body before testing the line and equipment. After confirming that the line is not live In order to carry out maintenance work, so as to ensure personal safety and ensure the normal operation of the power system. The electroscope is one of the common tools used to detect whether there is voltage on the power equipment. At present, the ultra-high voltage charged body identification and positioning technology at home and abroad can be divided into two categories according to the electrical inspection method: one is the contact type charged body identification and positioning technology, and the other is non-contact electrified body identification and positioning technology. Among them, the contact electroscope has been practically applied in the power system, and relevant standards have regulated the design and manufacturing machine test methods of the contact electroscope; the non-contact electroscope is still in the development and test stage .

Existing contact electroscopes mainly include high-voltage capacitive electroscopes, spark gap method electroscopes, and voltage-dividing resistance electroscopes. Since the contact electroscope must be in direct contact with the high-voltage equipment during the electric test operation, it has the disadvantages of long operating rod, inconvenient to carry, and difficult to operate. Especially in the case of ultra-high voltage lines and equipment, the safety distance is long and the insulation requirements are high. If the insulation condition is high but the insulation conditions cannot be guaranteed, there will be certain safety hazards, which will easily affect personal safety and cause unnecessary economic losses and casualties; at the same time, with the maturity of ultra-high voltage and ultra-high The voltage level is getting higher and higher. According to the regulations on the height of high-voltage transmission lines from the ground, generally speaking, the higher the line voltage level, the higher the line safety distance requirements. The operation of the electroscope is inconvenient.

In view of the above shortcomings of the contact electroscope, the non-contact electroscope has received extensive attention. The existing non-contact charged body identification and positioning technology mainly uses the method of electromagnetic induction to measure the signal strength of the high-voltage power frequency electric field. Through the calculation results of electromagnetic theory, the voltage of the charged body and the identification of the charged body are detected. For example, the Chinese utility model patent No. 200720125147.9, the Chinese utility model patent No. 201020170413.1, and the Chinese utility model patent No. 201120035590.3 disclose several UHV electrical testing equipment, mainly including ultraviolet sensor circuits and photoelectric isolation circuits. , a microprocessor, a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a touch control circuit, an indicator circuit connected to the output of the microprocessor, a memory expansion circuit connected to the microprocessor, and an ultraviolet sensor circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit, a microprocessor, The power supply circuit connected to the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the touch control circuit; the ultraviolet sensor circuit is connected to the input end of the microprocessor through a photoelectric isolation circuit, and the output end of the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the output end of the touch control circuit are connected to the input end of the microprocessor. connected to the input. The discharge signal of the high-voltage system within the effective distance is obtained by the ultraviolet sensing circuit, and is transmitted to the processor for signal processing, and then the electrical equipment is tested for electric equipment by counting the value of the discharge pulse through the processor. Although the above-mentioned non-contact electroscopes can effectively avoid personal safety accidents and ensure safe production of the power system, they generally have the disadvantages of poor repeatability, low reliability, and poor directionality of the electroscope results, making it difficult to accurately judge which one to use on the spot. If the phase line or equipment is charged, accurate positioning cannot be effectively achieved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact ultrasonic electroscope device with good directionality and high sensitivity, which can accurately locate the specific position of live lines or equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:

The non-contact high-voltage electrometry device includes: an ultrasonic receiving unit, an electromagnetic signal receiving unit, a metal shielding case and a main control circuit board arranged in the shielding case; the ultrasonic receiving unit includes an ultrasonic transducer and is arranged in the shielding case The directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiver at the front end of the body, the directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiver is a parabolic structure made of non-metallic materials, and the ultrasonic transducer is installed on the focal point of the directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiver through the mounting bracket. The ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected to the main control circuit board; the electromagnetic signal receiving unit includes an even number of electromagnetic signal receiving antennas arranged on the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver and distributed symmetrically along the circumference near the edge of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver, The electromagnetic signal receiving unit is electrically connected with the main control circuit board; the main control circuit board is provided with an ultrasonic signal processing module connected with the ultrasonic receiving unit, a multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module connected with the electromagnetic signal receiving unit, a data display module, and an audio output module And the processing chip that is connected with the ultrasonic signal processing module, the electromagnetic signal processing module, the data display module and the audio output module respectively; After sampling conversion, digital narrow-band filtering processing and digital signal feature extraction and judgment are performed, and symmetrical channel differential processing and positioning operations are performed on electromagnetic signals, and the processing results are sent to the data display module and audio output module for output.

The ultrasonic signal processing module of the present invention includes an ultrasonic filter circuit, an ultrasonic amplification circuit, an ultrasonic frequency conversion demodulation circuit and an ultrasonic envelope detection circuit connected in sequence, and is used for filtering, amplifying, frequency conversion demodulation and detection processing of the received ultrasonic signal .

The multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module of the present invention includes an electromagnetic wave filter circuit and an electromagnetic wave amplification and detection circuit correspondingly connected to the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna, for filtering, amplifying and detecting the received electromagnetic wave signal.

The audio output module of the present invention includes a sequentially connected D/A conversion module and a driving amplifying circuit.

The electromagnetic signal receiving antenna of the present invention is a double-layer PBC structure.

The present invention is provided with an optical collimator on the top of the shielding case.

In the present invention, an observation hole is processed on the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body, and the observation hole is located on the horizontal optical axis of the optical collimator.

The invention adopts the method of combining ultrasonic wave and electromagnetic signal detection to receive the ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic radiation signal radiated by the corona discharge of the ultra-high voltage line in a directional manner, and performs envelope detection processing on the received ultrasonic signal and processes it in the back-end chip processing process. Extract the frequency feature of the power frequency signal from the envelope signal after detection, and judge the charging status of the live equipment by displaying and monitoring the power frequency signal image and sound, avoiding the direct sampling and monitoring of the received ultrasonic signal in the traditional ultrasonic detection method It may cause misjudgment, thereby improving the accuracy of the electrical inspection; at the same time, the receiving unit composed of multi-channel electromagnetic signal receiving antennas is used to perform differential processing on the received multi-channel signals to locate the horizontal and vertical positions of the equipment under test. , so as to realize the electric inspection and detection of high-voltage live equipment, and accurately locate a specific live single-phase line. The invention fully utilizes the characteristics of good directionality of ultrasonic detection, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability and high sensitivity of electromagnetic signals, adopts a non-contact method for detection, can operate at a long distance, and can ensure the safety of operators.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of circuit principle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of electrometric detection of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and various embodiments.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the ultra-high voltage electroscope of this embodiment includes an ultrasonic receiving unit 1 , an electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 , a shielding case 3 , a handle 4 and an optical sight 5 . Wherein, the ultrasonic receiving unit 1 includes an ultrasonic transducer 1a, a directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver 1b and a mounting bracket 1c.

The shielding case 3 is a metal cylindrical hollow structure, and a main control circuit board is arranged inside the shielding case 3, and the shielding case 3 can shield electromagnetic signals. The ultrasonic receiving unit 1 is arranged at the front of the shielding case 3, and the handle 4 is arranged at the rear of the shielding case 3, so as to be convenient for the operator to hold. The directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiving body 1b is fixedly installed on the front end of the shielding shell 3. The directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiving body 1b of the present invention is made of non-metallic materials, such as plexiglass, hard plastic, etc., and the directional ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal receiving The body 1b has a parabolic shape. The ultrasonic transducer 1a is installed on the focus position of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b through the mounting bracket 1c, and the ultrasonic transducer 1a is electrically connected to the main control circuit board installed in the shielding case 3 . The ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b of the present invention adopts a parabolic shape, which can reflect and focus the ultrasonic millimeter wave signal reaching its reflecting surface onto the ultrasonic transducer 1a, thereby enhancing the signal strength received by the ultrasonic transducer 1a, thereby increasing the ultrasonic signal detection sensitivity. Referring to Fig. 2 simultaneously, the electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 of the present invention is made up of an even number of rectangular electromagnetic signal receiving antennas, the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna of the present embodiment is a single-sided copper-clad PCB board, and the PCB board can be made of glass fiber board. In this embodiment, four electromagnetic signal receiving antennas distributed symmetrically along the circumference are arranged on the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b near its edge position, because the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b of the present invention is made of non-metallic material Therefore, the electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 can be directly arranged on the inner wall or outer wall of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver 1b. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna is installed on the inner wall of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver 1b. The electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 is electrically connected with the main control circuit board. The electromagnetic signal receiving antenna is arranged symmetrically up and down, left and right, so that the detection and positioning of the charged body can be realized by using the electromagnetic signal.

As a preferred embodiment, an optical collimator 5 is arranged on the top of the shielding case 3 , and an observation hole a is processed on the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1 b, and the observation hole a is located on the horizontal optical axis of the optical collimator 5 . With the optical aiming device and light-assisted positioning, the operator can more accurately locate the charged body within a safe distance during electrical testing, avoiding contact with high-voltage equipment, and has high safety. In addition, when the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b is made of transparent non-metallic material, there is no need to set the observation hole a on the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b, and the optical collimator 5 can directly pass through the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b. The signal receiver 1b performs observation and positioning.

As shown in Figure 3, the main control circuit board of the present invention is provided with ultrasonic signal processing module A, multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module B, processing chip C, data display module D and audio frequency output module E, and processing chip C is connected with ultrasonic wave respectively. The signal processing module A, the multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module B, the data display module D and the audio output module E are connected, and the model of the processing chip C in this embodiment is C8051F021. The ultrasonic signal processing module A includes an ultrasonic filter circuit, an ultrasonic amplifier circuit, an ultrasonic frequency conversion demodulation circuit and an ultrasonic envelope detection circuit connected in sequence. After the ultrasonic transducer 1a receives the ultrasonic millimeter wave signal, it sends the signal to the ultrasonic signal processing module. In A, the ultrasonic signal processing module A filters and amplifies the ultrasonic millimeter wave signal, performs frequency conversion demodulation and envelope detection processing, and then transmits it to the processing chip C. The multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module B includes an electromagnetic wave filter circuit and an electromagnetic wave amplification and detection circuit. The present invention is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic signal receiving antennas, and each electromagnetic signal receiving antenna is individually connected to one electromagnetic wave filtering circuit and an electromagnetic wave amplification and detection circuit. The channel electromagnetic signal processing module B filters, amplifies and detects the electromagnetic wave signals from the multi-channel electromagnetic signal receiving antennas, and then transmits them to the processing chip C. The electromagnetic signal of the present invention is received by a multi-channel electromagnetic signal receiving antenna, which can realize accurate positioning of charged high-voltage equipment. The processing chip C performs A/D sampling conversion on the received ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic signal, extracts the effective information of the electric test signal, and performs differential processing and positioning operation on the multi-channel electromagnetic signal. The processing chip C transmits the processing result to the data display module D, and displays it through the data display module D. The model of the data display module in this embodiment is DM100X; simultaneously, the processing result is also output through the audio output module E. The audio output module of this embodiment E includes a sequentially connected D/A conversion module and a driver amplifier circuit, and the processing result is amplified by D/A conversion and back-end to form an audio output.

The basic principle of the ultrasonic charged body identification and positioning technology of the present invention is: to detect whether the high-voltage line or equipment is charged by detecting the ultrasonic signal generated during corona discharge on the high-voltage line and the electromagnetic radiation signal when charged. First, the ultrasonic receiving unit and The electromagnetic signal receiving unit composed of multiple electromagnetic signal receiving antennas receives ultrasonic signals and electromagnetic signals respectively, and then transmits the received signals to their respective signal processing modules, and the corresponding signal processing modules first process the ultrasonic signals and electromagnetic signals respectively Filter processing, then amplify the ultrasonic signal, perform frequency conversion demodulation and envelope detection processing, and perform amplification and detection processing on the electromagnetic signal, and the processed ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic signal are sent to the processing chip together; the A/D conversion module inside the processing chip The ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic signal are sampled and converted into digital signals, and then digital narrowband filtering is performed on the converted ultrasonic signal and electromagnetic signal to enhance the anti-interference performance of the electrical inspection device and ensure the accuracy of the electrical inspection; then digital signals are used The processing technology extracts the power frequency characteristic frequency of the digital ultrasonic signal and the electromagnetic signal respectively, and judges whether the signal is the ultrasonic signal and the electromagnetic signal generated by the charged body. At the same time, it performs symmetrical channel differential processing on the multi-channel electromagnetic signal, and judges the reception of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal. Whether the object is aligned with the charged object under test, so as to determine the charged state of the equipment under test and the horizontal and vertical directions; then the processing results are output through the image and audio, respectively, to obtain the identification and positioning results of the charged object. The invention combines signals with different properties and different forms to realize accurate positioning of high-voltage lines and electrical testing of equipment.

As shown in Figure 4, in the actual detection, align the electroscope device with the ultra-high voltage power line or equipment that needs to be detected, and use earphones and monitors to monitor and observe whether there are corona discharge and electromagnetic signals generated by high voltage. When the signal is a power frequency characteristic signal and the corona detection signal monitored at the same time is also a power frequency characteristic sound, it means that the line is charged; move the electroscope to the line with the loudest sound and observe the strongest indicating signal is the detected line; in addition, When the present invention is combined with an optical aiming device, the corresponding detection line can be determined more accurately through the observation hole. This method fully combines the strong directivity of the ultrasonic millimeter wave detector and the high sensitivity of electromagnetic signal detection, and designs an electroscope with good directivity and high sensitivity, which can accurately locate the specific position of the live line.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna in the electromagnetic signal receiving unit of this embodiment has a double-layer structure with copper clad on both sides of the PCB. The receiving antenna with a double-layer structure is more conducive to the stability of the space receiving signal. The electromagnetic signal received by the receiving antenna is processed and compared in a differential manner through multiple channels, so as to realize the horizontal and vertical positioning of the received signal.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 5, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 of this embodiment includes two pieces arranged symmetrically along the circumference at the upper edge position of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b. An electromagnetic signal receiving antenna, the shape of the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna is a circular sheet.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 6, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the electromagnetic signal receiving unit 2 of this embodiment includes 8 pieces of circumferentially symmetrical arrays arranged at intervals on the upper edge of the directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiving body 1b. Distributed electromagnetic signal receiving antennas.

The present invention can be used for detecting, displaying and alarming the voltage of electrified bodies such as power supply lines, high-voltage equipment and high-voltage test devices with an AC 50Hz rated voltage of 220KV-1000KV, and has the following advantages compared with existing high-voltage electroscopes:

It can non-contact test whether the object under test is charged or not outside the electrical safety distance, with good directionality and high discrimination, avoiding contact with high-voltage equipment, and high safety.

Using directional ultrasonic transducer and multi-channel electromagnetic signal receiving unit, through the ultrasonic channel and electromagnetic multi-channel to filter the signal and signal feature extraction to filter out interference, extract effective information of the electrical test signal, and realize multi-channel signal positioning calculation and differential processing Compared with, realize the accurate positioning of the circuit or equipment under test in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The directional ultrasonic millimeter wave signal receiver is made of non-metallic materials, which is light in weight and easy to carry.

The structural design is easy to operate, and the handle design is humanized, which is convenient to use and carry.

The operation can be carried out on the ground, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of high-voltage line maintenance, saves labor and labor, and improves the work efficiency of electric power maintenance.

Claims (5)

1. noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector, comprising: the shield shell of ultrasonic wave receive unit, electromagnetic signal receiving element, metal and the main control board be arranged in described shield shell; It is characterized in that:

Described ultrasonic wave receive unit comprises ultrasonic transducer and is arranged at the directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body of described shield shell front end, described directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body is the parabolic configuration that nonmetallic materials are made, described ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the focal position of described directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body by mounting bracket, and described ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected with described main control board;

Described electromagnetic signal receiving element comprises even number and is arranged at intervals at the electromagnetic signal receiving antenna also circumferentially distributed symmetrically in described directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body and near described directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body edge, described electromagnetic signal receiving antenna adopts arrangement symmetrical up and down, and described electromagnetic signal receiving element is electrically connected with described main control board;

The process chip that described main control board is provided with the ultrasonic signal processing module be connected with ultrasonic wave receive unit, the multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module be connected with electromagnetic signal receiving element, data disaply moudle, dio Output Modules and is connected with dio Output Modules with described ultrasonic signal processing module, multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module, data disaply moudle respectively;

After ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasonic millimeter-wave signal, signal is sent in described ultrasonic signal processing module, described ultrasonic signal processing module comprises the ultrasound wave filtering circuit, ultrasonic amplifying circuit, ultrasound wave frequency conversion demodulator circuit and the ultrasound wave envelope detection circuit that connect successively, and the signal for receiving carries out filtering, amplification, frequency conversion demodulation and envelope detection process; Described multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module comprises connected electromagnetic wave filtering circuit corresponding to described electromagnetic signal receiving antenna and electromagnetic wave amplifies and detecting circuit, and the electromagnetic wave signal for receiving carries out filtering, amplification and detection process; Described process chip comprises A/D sample conversion module, narrow-band filtering module, characteristic extracting module and differential processing module, process chip carries out the narrow-band filtering process of sample conversion laggard line number word and digital signal feature extraction and judgement to the ultrasonic signal being received from ultrasonic signal processing module and the electromagnetic signal that is received from multi-channel electromagnetic signal processing module, and symmetric channel difference processing and positions calculations are carried out to electromagnetic signal, result is sent to data disaply moudle and dio Output Modules output.

2. noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dio Output Modules comprises the D/A modular converter and drive amplification circuit that connect successively.

3. noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electromagnetic signal receiving antenna is double-deck PCB structure.

4. noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shield shell top is provided with optical foresight.

5. noncontact ultrahigh voltage electricity detector according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described directional ultrasound millimeter-wave signal receiving body, be processed with observation port, described observation port is positioned on the horizontal optical axis of described optical foresight.