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CN102639246B - 用于光度测量装置的测试组件和用于样品液体的光度测量方法 - Google Patents

用于光度测量装置的测试组件和用于样品液体的光度测量方法 Download PDF

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CN102639246B
CN102639246B CN201080047928.5A CN201080047928A CN102639246B CN 102639246 B CN102639246 B CN 102639246B CN 201080047928 A CN201080047928 A CN 201080047928A CN 102639246 B CN102639246 B CN 102639246B
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measuring container
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CN102639246A (zh
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吉哈德·波耐科
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于光度测量装置的测试组件,其具有:混合容器(1),该混合容器在其内部(4)接纳第一液体(5)并且具有从其充填孔口(3)可取下的封闭元件;计量容器(8),其在封闭的空腔(9)中包含第二液体(13),其中该空腔(9)在一侧通过可移动的封闭活塞(11),并在相对侧通过活动的塞子(10)封闭,并且其中该计量容器(8)密封地插入混合容器(1)的充填孔口(3)中。为了简化样品的添加,该计量容器(8)具有集成的取样装置(21),其在计量容器(8)插入混合容器(1)的充填孔口(3)之后,与在混合容器(1)中存在的第一液体(5)相接触。

Description

用于光度测量装置的测试组件和用于样品液体的光度测量方法
本发明涉及用于光度测量装置的测试组件,其由下述组成:混合容器,该混合容器在其内部接纳第一液体并且具有从其充填孔口可取下的封闭元件;以及计量容器,其在封闭的空腔中包含第二液体,其中该计量容器密封地插入混合容器的充填孔口中,其中通过在计量容器的封闭活塞上施压,可以将第二液体运送入混合容器的内部并与之相混合。此外,本发明涉及用于样品液体的光度测量方法,所述样品液体与第一和第二液体相混合。
在许多医学测试中,必须使待测量的样品首先与第一液体接触,以使样品具有一定湿度,为测量做准备,或者引起第一化学或生物学反应。然后,在第二个步骤中,添加第二液体,以使样品的待测定的分析物处于适合于光度测量的状态或者引起第二化学或生物学反应。例如,在用于区分病毒性或细菌性炎症的、所谓的CRP(C反应蛋白)测量的情况下,将血液样品与溶解试剂混合,然后添加胶乳试剂并混合,其中借助于光度计来测量化学反应。
开头所提及类型的测试组件例如从WO 2007/053870 A2获知。该测试组件包括混合容器以及可插入在混合容器中的计量容器。混合容器配备有从充填孔口可取下的封闭元件并且包含有第一液体,其中可以在取下封闭元件和将样品液体添加入第一液体后,将计量容器插入混合容器的充填孔口中。计量容器在封闭的空腔中具有第二液体,其中该空腔在一侧通过封闭活塞并在相对侧通过活动的塞子封闭,在对所述封闭活塞施压后,计量容器将第二液体与活动的塞子一起运送到混合容器的内部。在样品与第一液体和第二液体混合后,将混合容器插入光度分析器中,样品内含物质据此以光度法得以测量。已知的方法是易于出错的,这是因为必须供给准确的样品量,这对于各个测试组件和各个医学测试是精确规定的。
从WO 2005/071388 A1知道了取样元件和测量元件,其由多个圆柱形隔间构成,这些隔间轴向可移动地相互插入,其中内腔在其初始位置通过可穿透的膜封闭。两个元件包含试剂,在第三个元件中,可以使样品与药签接触。然后,通过向两个在外面的元件上施压,使隔间相互滑动,由此膜在连接位置处撕开,同时两个试剂液体与样品相混合。分析通过光学检查或者通过采用测量仪器来进行。
DE 2441724 A1描述了用于光谱测量的分析取样器(Analysenpatrone),其具有接纳第一液体的容器,其中该容器先通过封闭元件封闭。在取下封闭元件后,将待分析的样品置于该容器中,然后放上容器插入件,其在辅助室中具有试剂液体。辅助室配备有在初始位置突出超过容器插入件的圆柱形杵该杵在向下按压时借助于正面的刀刃撕开辅助室的膜,并因此使第二液体从辅助室释放入具有第一液体的容器中。在液体完全溶解并混合后,将该容器以该分析方法所必需的方式加热并以光度法测量样品。
本发明的任务是,提出在操作方面最简单的用于样品液体的光度测量方法,其中应使用经改善的测试组件,借助于这种测试组件,应在相当大的程度上避免在准确的样品测量的情况下的错误。特别是,可以简单的方式精确地计量样品液体。
根据本发明,该任务以此来解决:计量容器具有集成的取样装置,该取样装置在计量容器插入混合容器的充填孔口之后,与在混合容器中存在的第一液体相接触。
特别地,根据本发明这样来设计:取样装置具有两侧开口的毛细管,其体积优选地在5μl至50μl之间。
通过应用具有在两侧开口的毛细管(端-对-端毛细管)的集成取样系统,测试组件变得对于使用者明显地更使用友好。毛细管在以通过毛细管的内直径和长度所预先确定的(例如在5μl至50μl之间)体积与样品接触之后自动填充,因此使用者不必进行单独的吸移步骤。使用者必须只用毛细小管的末端接触样品液体的表面,其中所述小管通过毛细作用填充并准确地吸取对于各样品测量所预先确定的样品体积。
根据本发明的测量方法(其中第一液体存在于先封闭的混合容器中,而第二液体存在于计量容器中,计量容器的空腔通过塞子封闭)的特征在于以下步骤:
-用固定在计量容器处的取样装置接纳样品液体;
-打开混合容器;
-将计量容器插入混合容器中,其中在取样装置中存在的样品液体被引入混合容器中;
-通过摇动混合容器使第一液体与样品液体混合;
-将第二液体从计量容器引入混合容器中,其中向第二液体施加压力且第二液体与塞子一起释放入第一液体中;
-混合第一液体、样品液体和第二液体;
-以光度法测量分析器中的化学反应,并且
-计算至少一种样品内含物质的浓度。
下面根据附图更详细地描述本发明。附图示出:
图1以剖视图示出根据本发明的测试组件的混合容器;
图2以剖视图示出根据本发明的测试组件的计量容器;
图3示出在第一测量位置的、插入混合容器的根据图2的计量容器;
图4示出在第二测量位置的、插入混合容器的根据图2的计量容器;
图5以根据图2的剖视图示出计量容器的三维图示。
在图1至图5中所描绘的测试组件用于光度测量装置或分析器,如在WO2007/053380 A2中所描述的那样。组件的混合容器1具有封闭元件2,例如可取下的塑料塞子,该塞子封闭孔口3。在混合容器1的内部4中,存在第一液体5以及磁力搅拌棒或钢球6。在第一液体5上面存在一个空气空间,其中液体表面用7表示。
可插入混合容器1的计量容器8具有圆柱形空腔9,该空腔在一端(出口侧)用塞子10封闭。轴向可移动的封闭活塞11设置在空腔9内的相对侧上,该活塞被手动向下推移,或者在此未示出的分析器的致动柱塞(Stempel)向该活塞施加压力。
取样装置21具有两侧开口的毛细管22,该毛细管的体积根据各测量方法的要求精确地进行调整并且优选地在5μl至50μl之间。使用者必须使优选地从侧面固定在计量容器8处的和突出超过计量容器8的末端区域的毛细管22仅与待测量的样品液体接触,据此借助于毛细作用自动地并以通过毛细管的体积所预先确定的量将样品液体P吸入取样装置21中。图2中示出填充有样品液体P的毛细管22。
根据本发明,毛细管22可以通过共挤出来制备并且模制在计量容器8处。因此,可以应用最佳地适于毛细管的塑料,其区别于计量容器的塑料材料。
根据一变型,可以将毛细管22保持于模制在计量容器8的末端区域处的接纳装置(Aufnahme)23中。
为了密封地插入混合容器1中,计量容器8具有圆柱形的密封面12,其与环状凸缘14一起模制在计量容器8处并形成环形空间15,其中在环形凸缘14中布置有至少一个排气孔口16。在将计量容器8插入混合容器1的情况下(参见图3),从计量容器8排出的空气可以从内部4通过透气的、近乎液滴密封的排气孔口16漏出。通过摇动混合容器1,现在可以使样品液体与第一液体5相混合了。
根据本发明,随后在计量容器8的圆柱形密封面12处模制圆柱形或工效学方面最佳的把柄元件17,该把柄元件限定环形空间18并且由环状防溅元件19来与外部封闭开。通过防溅元件19,可以有效地阻止液体从测试组件流出。
在混合了第一液体5和样品液体P后,就可以在分析器中进行光度校准测量(在组件的第一测量位置)。
然后,根据图4,将第二液体借助于活塞11从计量容器8转移到混合容器1的内部4,其中塞子10离开计量容器8并漂浮在混合容器1中。此外,可以致动分析器的对钢球6起作用的磁力搅拌子,混合物据此被均匀化,然后进行光度测量(组件的第二测量位置),如例如在WO 2007/053380 A2中所描述的那样。
第一实例:INR/PT测试
INR测定是这样一种为了确定人的血液多快凝结而进行的测试。INR的正常值是1,在例如4的INR值的情况下,血液凝结慢四倍。因此,较高的INR值意味着,血液凝结不像健康人的那样良好地工作。
为了进行研究,使用直接从患者获取的全血并引入毛细管中,或者使用来自掺有柠檬酸盐的取样小管的血浆。
在混合容器1中存在第一INR测试试剂,在计量容器8中存在第二INR试剂。
INR测试的测试过程:
-血液样品与计量容器8的毛细管22接触,并吸取确定的样品体积;
-先用封闭元件2封闭混合容器1并填充有溶解试剂(80μl-150μl);
-移走封闭元件2,将计量容器(包含胶乳试剂)连同集成的毛细管密封地插入混合容器1中;
-在封闭的状态下摇动混合容器1和计量容器8,直至液体样品从端-对-端毛细管22流入混合容器1中;
-将混合容器1和计量容器8插入测量装置(例如来自WO 2007/053380 A2的分析器)中;
-通过测量装置进行测试识别(通过包装中或混合容器上的RFID-芯片);
-借助于测量装置的磁力搅拌子混合溶解试剂和样品液体(可选的);
-测量校准值(可选的);
-借助于测量装置的柱塞或手动地通过封闭活塞11上的压力来量取胶乳试剂(50μl-200μl);
-借助于磁力搅拌子混合溶解试剂、样品液体和胶乳试剂;
-借助于光度仪测量化学反应;
-测定凝结时间。
光度测量装置的测量范围在例如INR 0.5-INR 5。
第二实例:HCY-测试
从化学角度看,高半胱氨酸(HCY)属于所谓的氨基酸。在身体内,高半胱氨酸由甲硫氨酸(另一种氨基酸)形成,甲硫氨酸提供营养。通常,高半胱氨酸很快地重又降解,其中需要维生素B6(吡哆醇)、维生素B12(钴胺素)和叶酸。
可以将高半胱氨酸确定为动脉粥样硬化或血栓栓塞事件(外周动脉闭塞血管病、中风、冠心病(心绞痛、心肌梗塞)、颈动脉的闭塞改变)的独立的危险因素。一系列进一步的疾病例如老年痴呆症、子宫(贫血)内的儿童神经管缺陷(脊柱裂)的产生和贫血,被确定与高的高半胱氨酸水平有关。
在混合容器1中存在第一HCY-试剂,在计量容器8中存在第二HCY-试剂。测试过程如在实施例1中那样来进行。
高半胱氨酸的目标范围为在血清中低于10μmol/l。
第三实例:CRP-测试
作为第三实例,描述了CRP-测试(C反应蛋白,主要用作区分病毒性或细菌性炎症)的测量过程。
在混合容器1中,存在溶解试剂(1000μl)作为第一液体。用计量容器8的毛细管22吸取5μl全血。计量容器8包含胶乳试剂(250μl)。首先将溶解试剂与全血样品混合并测量校准值。然后,量取胶乳试剂并在化学反应后以光度法测定浓度值。测试过程如在实施例1中那样来进行。
光度测量装置的测量范围例如在0.2mg/dl至6mg/dl(毫克/分升)。
可以特别地提及根据本发明的测试组件的优点:
-使用者不必进行单独的吸移步骤;
-所获得的样品体积的高精确度;
-取样时大大节省时间;
-由于取消单独的取样装置而节省成本。

Claims (10)

1.用于光度测量装置的测试组件,所述测试组件具有:
-混合容器(1),所述混合容器在其内部(4)接纳第一液体(5)并且具有从其充填孔口(3)可取下的封闭元件,
-计量容器(8),所述计量容器在封闭的空腔(9)中包含第二液体(13),其中所述空腔(9)在一侧通过可移动的封闭活塞(11)并在相对侧通过可动的塞子(10)封闭,并且其中所述计量容器(8)密封地插入所述混合容器(1)的所述充填孔口(3)中,
其特征在于,所述计量容器(8)包括作为取样装置(21)的集成的毛细管(22),所述毛细管(22)在两侧开口,所述毛细管(22)在所述计量容器(8)插入所述混合容器(1)的所述充填孔口(3)之后,与在所述混合容器(1)中存在的第一液体(5)相接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的测试组件,其特征在于,所述取样装置(21)的所述毛细管(22)的体积在5μl至50μl之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的测试组件,其特征在于,将所述毛细管(22)保持于模制在所述计量容器(8)的末端区域处的接纳装置(23)中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的测试组件,其特征在于,所述毛细管(22)通过共挤出来制备并且模制在所述计量容器(8)处。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的测试组件,其特征在于,所述毛细管(22)从侧面固定在所述计量容器(8)处并突出超过所述计量容器(8)的所述末端区域。
6.根据权利要求1所述的测试组件,其特征在于,所述计量容器(8)具有用于插入所述混合容器(1)中的圆柱形密封面(12),所述密封面与环状凸缘(14)一起模制在所述计量容器(8)处并形成环形空间(15),在所述环形凸缘(14)中布置有至少一个排气孔口(16)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的测试组件,其特征在于,与所述圆柱形密封面(12)相邻地模制例如圆柱形或人体工程学方面优化的把柄元件(17),所述把柄元件限定环形空间(18)并且能由环状防溅元件(19)与外部封闭开。
8.用于样品液体(P)的光度测量方法,所述样品液体与第一液体(5)以及第二液体(13)混合,其中所述第一液体(5)存在于封闭的混合容器(1)中,而所述第二液体(13)存在于计量容器(8)中,所述计量容器的空腔(9)通过塞子(10)封闭,其特征在于下述步骤:
-用固定在所述计量容器(8)处的毛细管(22)获取所述样品液体(P),所述毛细管(22)是两侧开口的,所述样品流体(P)借助毛细作用被吸入所述毛细管(22);
-打开所述混合容器(1);
-将所述计量容器(8)插入所述混合容器(1),其中在所述毛细管(22)中存在的样品液体(P)被引入所述混合容器(1);
-通过摇动所述混合容器(1)使所述第一液体(5)与所述样品液体(P)混合;
-将所述第二液体(13)从所述计量容器(8)引入所述混合容器(1),其中对所述第二液体(13)施加压力并且将所述第二液体与所述塞子(10)一起释放到所述第一液体(5)中;
-混合所述第一液体(5)、所述样品液体(P)和所述第二液体(13);
-以光度法测量分析器中的化学反应,并且
-计算至少一种样品内含物质的浓度。
9.根据权利要求8所述的测量方法,其特征在于,在将所述第一液体(5)与所述样品液体(P)混合后,进行光度校准测量。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的测量方法,其特征在于,将第二液体(13)借助于活塞(11)从所述计量容器(8)传送到所述混合容器(1)的内部。
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