CN102630782A - Processing method of chrysanthemum nankingense H.M. tea - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明开发了一种菊花脑(Chysanthemum nankingense H.M.)茶加工方法。选用菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶，通过CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司特制)快速灭酶、脱水，经揉搓、精制得到菊花脑茶(也称菊叶茶)。冲泡后的茶水呈碧绿色，清澈透明，清香怡人。本发明的特点，一是选用菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶，通过微波快速灭酶，抑制了菊花脑的酶促褐变；二是采用微波干燥脱水，能耗低、效率高、有利于连续化生产；三是制得的菊花脑茶为深绿色，具有浓郁的菊花脑清香味，保持了其特有的营养与活性功能，加工贮藏过程中不需添加任何防腐剂，其耐储藏性能与安全性能良好。The present invention develops a processing method of Chrysanthemum nankingense H.M. tea. The fresh tender stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain are selected, and the CM-10S microwave dryer (specially made by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.) is used to quickly inactivate enzymes, dehydrate, knead and refine to obtain chrysanthemum brain tea (also called chrysanthemum leaf tea). The brewed tea is emerald green, clear and transparent, with a pleasant fragrance. The characteristics of the present invention are as follows: one is to select fresh and tender stems and leaves of chrysanthemum cerebroides, and to quickly inactivate enzymes through microwaves, which inhibits the enzymatic browning of chrysanthemum cerebellum; the other is to adopt microwave drying and dehydration, which has low energy consumption, high efficiency, and is conducive to continuous production The third is that the prepared chrysanthemum brain tea is dark green, has a strong chrysanthemum brain fragrance, maintains its unique nutritional and active functions, does not need to add any preservatives during processing and storage, and has good storage resistance and safety performance .
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明提供一种以新鲜菊花脑茎叶为原料的菊花脑茶加工方法，属于食品加工技术领域。The invention provides a processing method of chrysanthemum brain tea using fresh chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves as raw materials, belonging to the technical field of food processing.
背景技术 Background technique
菊花脑(chrysanthemum nanjingense)又称菊花涝、菊花头、菊花菜、菊花叶等，为菊科菊属草本野菊花的近缘植物，在贵州、江苏、湖南等省有野生种。我国南北各地均有少量栽培，以南京市人工栽培历史较久。菊花脑与枸杞头、马兰头并称为南京三宝，是南京具有地方特色的夏季食用蔬菜，其栽培和食用历史已有100多年。菊花脑营养丰富，除含有蛋白质、脂肪、纤维素和维生素等营养物质外，还含有黄酮类和挥发油，有特殊芳香味，食之凉爽清口，可以炒食、凉拌或煮汤。菊花脑茎、叶性苦、辛、凉，夏季食用有清热凉血、调中开胃和降血压之功效。可治疗便秘、高血压、头痛和目赤等疾病。Chrysanthemum brain (chrysanthemum nanjingense), also known as chrysanthemum waterlogging, chrysanthemum head, chrysanthemum dish, chrysanthemum leaf, etc., is a close relative of the herbaceous wild chrysanthemum in the genus Chrysanthemum of the family Asteraceae, and there are wild species in Guizhou, Jiangsu, Hunan and other provinces. There is a small amount of cultivation in various places in the north and south of my country, and the history of artificial cultivation in Nanjing is relatively long. Chrysanthemum brain, wolfberry head and Malan head are also called Nanjing Three Treasures. It is a summer edible vegetable with local characteristics in Nanjing. Its cultivation and consumption history has been more than 100 years. Chrysanthemum brain is rich in nutrients. In addition to protein, fat, cellulose and vitamins, it also contains flavonoids and volatile oils. It has a special aroma and tastes cool and refreshing. It can be fried, cold or boiled. The stems and leaves of chrysanthemum are bitter, pungent, and cool. Eating in summer has the effects of clearing away heat and cooling blood, regulating the appetite and lowering blood pressure. It can treat diseases such as constipation, high blood pressure, headache and red eyes.
古代有言“茶为万病之药”，饮茶有很多益处。经过现代科学的分离和鉴定，菊花脑茎叶中含有机化学成分达四百五十多种，无机矿物元素达四十多种，其中有机化学成分如黄酮、多酚、植物碱、有机酸等具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抑制血压上升等功效，而菊花脑茎叶中丰富的矿物质元素还可以帮助人体维持碱性体液环境，有助于身体健康。There is a saying in ancient times that "tea is the medicine for all diseases". Drinking tea has many benefits. After modern scientific separation and identification, there are more than 450 kinds of organic chemical components and more than 40 kinds of inorganic mineral elements in chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves, among which organic chemical components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, plant alkaloids, organic acids, etc. It has the effects of anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and inhibition of blood pressure rise, and the rich mineral elements in the chrysanthemum brain stem and leaves can also help the human body maintain an alkaline body fluid environment and contribute to good health.
目前，菊花脑茶的研制和生产鲜见报道，采用微波快速干燥技术生产菊花脑营养保健茶，可以有效钝化菊花脑茎叶中的各种氧化酶(多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶等)，减少加工过程中的酶促氧化和非酶促氧化反应，避免氧化酶、高温、氧化对菊花脑茎叶中的活性营养成分的损害和不良影响，提高菊花脑茶的其生物活性功能及其保健作用，为我国菊花脑资源的开发利用提供一条新途径。At present, there are few reports on the development and production of chrysanthemum brain tea. Using microwave rapid drying technology to produce chrysanthemum brain nutrition and health tea can effectively passivate various oxidases (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, Catalase, etc.), reduce enzymatic oxidation and non-enzymatic oxidation reactions in the process, avoid the damage and adverse effects of oxidase, high temperature, and oxidation on the active nutrients in the stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain tea, and improve the efficacy of chrysanthemum brain tea. Its bioactive function and its health care function provide a new way for the development and utilization of chrysanthemum brain resources in my country.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明主要开发一种菊花脑茶生产方法。选用菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶，通过微波干燥机快速灭酶，在烘房中迅速脱水，最后揉搓精制得到菊花脑营养保健茶(也称菊叶茶)。The present invention mainly develops a production method of chrysanthemum brain tea. The fresh and tender stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain are selected, and the enzyme is quickly inactivated by a microwave dryer, quickly dehydrated in a drying room, and finally kneaded and refined to obtain chrysanthemum brain nutrition and health tea (also called chrysanthemum leaf tea).
本发明的技术方案：选取菊花脑的新鲜嫩茎叶，清洗，切段，CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司制造)快速灭酶，烘房脱水，揉搓，干燥，冷却，称量，包装，封袋。其工艺如下：The technical scheme of the present invention: select the fresh tender stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum chinensis, clean, cut into sections, CM-10S microwave dryer (manufactured by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.) quickly eliminate enzymes, dehydrate in the drying room, knead, dry, cool, Weighing, packaging, sealing bags. The process is as follows:
A、采摘新鲜菊花脑茎叶、清洗、去杂、切段后，通过CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司制造)快速灭酶；A. After picking fresh chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves, cleaning, removing impurities, and cutting into sections, use a CM-10S microwave dryer (manufactured by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.) to quickly inactivate enzymes;
B、将灭酶后的菊花脑茎叶放置在烘房中干燥脱水，温度控制在40-80℃，直至水分含量小于80％；B. Place the chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves after deactivation in a drying room for drying and dehydration, and the temperature is controlled at 40-80°C until the moisture content is less than 80%;
C、取出菊花脑茎叶，在铁锅中炒制5-20分钟，然后进行揉搓成型，干燥至水分含量在15-30％，在密闭容器内匀湿10-24h；C. Take out the chrysanthemum brain stem and leaves, fry in an iron pan for 5-20 minutes, then knead and shape, dry until the moisture content is 15-30%, and evenly wet it in an airtight container for 10-24h;
D、将匀湿后的菊花脑茎叶送至CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司特制)，干燥至水分含量低于8％。冷却后，称量、定量包装，封袋。D. Send the chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves after uniform wetness to a CM-10S microwave dryer (specially made by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.), and dry until the moisture content is lower than 8%. After cooling, weigh, quantitatively pack, and seal the bag.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、选用菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶为原料，采微波干燥机快速灭酶，避免了氧化酶对菊花脑茶的色泽、营养与风味的影响，保持了菊花脑的原有风味、营养及其活性功能。1. The fresh tender stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain are selected as raw materials, and the enzyme is quickly deactivated by microwave dryer, which avoids the influence of oxidase on the color, nutrition and flavor of chrysanthemum brain tea, and maintains the original flavor, nutrition and activity of chrysanthemum brain tea Function.
2、本发明采用微波干燥机脱水，热效率高、无污染、噪音小、能耗低、设备占地面积少，有利于实现连续化生产。2. The present invention uses a microwave dryer for dehydration, which has high thermal efficiency, no pollution, low noise, low energy consumption, and a small equipment footprint, which is conducive to realizing continuous production.
3、加工后的菊花脑茶水分含量低，贮藏过程中不需添加任何防腐剂，安全性能好，属于纯天然绿色食品。3. The processed chrysanthemum brain tea has low moisture content, no need to add any preservatives during storage, good safety performance, and belongs to pure natural green food.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
实施例1Example 1
以菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶为原料，清洗、去杂、切断，称取2kg，通过CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司制造)快速灭酶，将灭酶后的菊花脑茎叶放置在烘房中干燥脱水，温度控制在40℃，直至水分含量为60％，取出菊花脑茎叶，在铁锅中炒制5分钟，然后进行揉搓成型，干燥至水分含量在20％，在密闭容器内匀湿10h，将匀湿后的菊花脑茎叶送至CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司特制)，干燥至水分含量为6％。冷却后，称量、定量包装，封袋。Use the fresh young stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain as raw material, wash, remove impurities, cut off, weigh 2kg, and quickly inactivate the enzyme through a CM-10S microwave dryer (manufactured by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.). The leaves are dried and dehydrated in a drying room, the temperature is controlled at 40°C until the moisture content is 60%, the chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves are taken out, fried in an iron pan for 5 minutes, then kneaded and shaped, and dried until the moisture content is 20%. Evenly wet in a closed container for 10 hours, and then send the evenly wetted chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves to a CM-10S microwave dryer (specially produced by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.), and dry to a moisture content of 6%. After cooling, weigh, quantitatively pack, and seal the bag.
实施例2Example 2
以菊花脑新鲜嫩茎叶为原料，清洗、去杂、切断，称取10kg，通过CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司制造)快速灭酶，将灭酶后的菊花脑茎叶放置在烘房中干燥脱水，温度控制在60℃，直至水分含量为40％，取出菊花脑茎叶，在铁锅中炒制15分钟，然后进行揉搓成型，干燥至水分含量在15％，在密闭容器内匀湿20h；将匀湿后的菊花脑茎叶送至CM-10S微波干燥机(南京策木微波科技有限公司特制)，干燥至水分含量为3％。冷却后，称量、定量包装，封袋。Use the fresh young stems and leaves of chrysanthemum brain as raw material, wash, remove impurities, cut off, weigh 10kg, and quickly inactivate the enzyme through a CM-10S microwave dryer (manufactured by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.). The leaves are dried and dehydrated in a drying room, the temperature is controlled at 60°C until the moisture content is 40%, the chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves are taken out, fried in an iron pan for 15 minutes, then kneaded and shaped, and dried until the moisture content is 15%. Wet in an airtight container for 20 hours; send the evenly wetted chrysanthemum brain stems and leaves to a CM-10S microwave dryer (specially produced by Nanjing Cemu Microwave Technology Co., Ltd.), and dry until the moisture content is 3%. After cooling, weigh, quantitatively pack, and seal the bag.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103283905A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-11 | 河南省武陟县永盛药材加工厂 | Chrysanthemum processing technology and production method |
| CN103535800A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江市丹徒区上党墅农茶叶专业合作社 | Production method of chrysanthemum nankingense soup base |
| CN103907720A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-09 | 朱晓光 | Chrysanthemum nankingense (chrysanthemum leaf) instant tea (powder) production technology |
| CN104473085A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-01 | 安徽农业大学 | Preparation method of instant chrysanthemum nankingense |
| CN104940333A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-30 | 桂林土耘农业有限公司 | Chrysanthemum tea for effectively removing halitosis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104964518A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 宜春学院 | Chrysanthemum drying method with shape keeping and brown stain preventing functions |
| CN110169478A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-27 | 宋刚 | A kind of compound health tea granule and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103907720A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-09 | 朱晓光 | Chrysanthemum nankingense (chrysanthemum leaf) instant tea (powder) production technology |
| CN103283905A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-11 | 河南省武陟县永盛药材加工厂 | Chrysanthemum processing technology and production method |
| CN103535800A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-29 | 镇江市丹徒区上党墅农茶叶专业合作社 | Production method of chrysanthemum nankingense soup base |
| CN104473085A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-01 | 安徽农业大学 | Preparation method of instant chrysanthemum nankingense |
| CN104940333A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-30 | 桂林土耘农业有限公司 | Chrysanthemum tea for effectively removing halitosis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104964518A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-07 | 宜春学院 | Chrysanthemum drying method with shape keeping and brown stain preventing functions |
| CN110169478A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-08-27 | 宋刚 | A kind of compound health tea granule and preparation method thereof |
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