Embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Identical Reference numeral is represented identical parts.
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the plasma igniting rifle of long-life dual ignition provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1; Said burning torch comprises: the interior electrode 1 of column, the external electrode 2 of tubular, insulating sleeve 3, first high-voltage DC power supply 5, high-voltage radio-frequency power supply 16, high frequency coil 15, control system 6 and man-machine interface 14; Wherein, The interior electrode 1 of said column be fixed on the central through hole of insulating sleeve 3 with the interior electrode 1 with column be arranged on external electrode 2 central axis of tubular and with external electrode edge edge; Two outputs of described first high-voltage DC power supply 5 are connected to respectively on interior electrode 1 and the external electrode 2; Provide a high-voltage DC power supply to form plasma flow between interior electrode 1 and the external electrode 2 to give with the air in the cavity between electrode in the ionization 1 and the external electrode 2; Described high frequency coil is wrapped in external electrode, and two outputs of two termination high-voltage radio-frequency power supplys 16 of high frequency coil raise with the temperature that further makes plasma flow.Described external electrode lower end is provided with the nozzle of confession high-temperature plasma stream ejection high-temperature plasma is sprayed outside the chamber to light combustible, like coal, mist etc.Described high-voltage radio-frequency power supply 16 comprises frequency synthesizer 10, radio frequency amplifier 11, coupling tuner 12, coupling follower 13 and second high-voltage DC power supply; Wherein, Frequency synthesizer 10 is used to produce a high frequency small-signal; Radio frequency amplifier 11 is used for the high frequency small-signal is carried out power amplification; The coupling tuner is used for tuning and impedance conversion so that the operating frequency of the high-frequency high-power signal of radio frequency amplifier output equates with the operating frequency of high frequency small-signal and the impedance of the input impedance of the follower that will be coupled when being transformed to the radio frequency amplifier Maximum Power Output, and the follower that is coupled is coupled on the high frequency coil high-frequency high-power signal further to make the temperature rising of the plasma flow in the cavity between interior electrode 1 and the external electrode 2.Second high-voltage DC power supply is used for 10 electric energy being provided to growing up to be a useful person after radio frequency amplifier 11 and the frequency.The user is through man-machine interface 14 setting control systems 6.Control system 6 comprises that according to the high-voltage radio-frequency power supply of gathering 16 signal of frequency synthesizer 10, radio frequency amplifier 11, coupling tuner 12 or follower 13 outputs that are coupled controls their operating state.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of high-voltage DC power supply provided by the invention.With first high-voltage DC power supply is that example describes.As shown in Figure 2, said first high-voltage DC power supply 5 comprises n level direct voltage unit M
0, M
1, M
2M
N, each direct voltage unit is through N afterflow coil L
01, L
12, L
23... the break-make that cascade, control system 6 can each direct voltage unit of Long-distance Control applies required direct current energy to give interior electrode and external electrode, and said n is greater than or equal to 4 integer, and n=N+1.Said external electrode 2 is provided with ventilation duct 4, so that air etc. is injected in the cavity between the inside and outside electrode.
Described control system 6 comprises a controller and n optical transmitting set OT
0, OT
1, OT
2And OT
NDescribed first high voltage source 5 also comprises transformer and n optical receiver OR
0, OR
1, OR
2And OR
N, said transformer comprises a primary coil and n secondary coil, becomes needed voltage with the AC power frequency voltage transformation with 220V.Described optical transmitting set converts the control signal of controller output to light signal to arrive corresponding optical receiver through Optical Fiber Transmission.Described optical receiver receives the light signal that corresponding optical transmitting set emission comes, and the signal of telecommunication that the light signal that receives is converted to the controlling and driving level realizes being in the high voltage isolation of direct voltages at different levels unit and low level control section on the suspension voltage with this.
First direct voltage unit M
0First coil L that comprises transformer secondary output
0, a rectifier R
0, a sustained diode
0, an electronic switch and a driving stage P
0, electronic switch is CMOS pipe CMOS
0, said rectifier R
0Positive pole be connected in first coil L of transformer secondary output
0First end, rectifier R
0Negative pole be connected to the negative pole of fly-wheel diode; Sustained diode
0Positive pole be connected to CMOS pipe CMOS
0Drain electrode, CMOS manages CMOS
0Source electrode be connected to first coil L of transformer secondary output
0Second end, CMOS manages CMOS
0Grid be connected to driving stage P
0, by driving stage P
0According to optical receiver OR
0The control command control CMOS pipe CMOS that the controller 7 that is received is sent
0Break-make.CMOS manages CMOS
0Work on off state, as CMOS pipe CMOS
0High potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
0Conducting, first coil L
0Second end be equivalent to receive sustained diode
0Positive pole.Rectifier R
0With first coil L
0The alternating voltage u of output
0Rectification conversion dc voltage U
0Sustained diode
0The voltage at two ends is U
0, on just, down negative.As CMOS pipe CMOS
0Electronegative potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
0End.Sustained diode
0The voltage at two ends is diode junction voltage.
In like manner, second direct voltage unit M
1Second the coil L that comprises transformer secondary output
1, a rectifier R
1, a sustained diode
1, an electronic switch and a driving stage P
1, electronic switch is CMOS pipe CMOS
1, said rectifier R
1Positive pole be connected in second coil L of transformer secondary output
1First end, rectifier R
1Negative pole be connected to sustained diode
1Negative pole; Sustained diode
1Positive pole be connected to CMOS pipe CMOS
1Drain electrode, CMOS manages CMOS
1Source electrode be connected to second coil L of transformer secondary output
1Second end, CMOS manages CMOS
1Grid be connected to driving stage P
1, by driving stage P
1According to optical receiver OR
1The control command control CMOS pipe CMOS that the controller 7 that is received is sent
1Break-make.CMOS manages CMOS
1Work on off state, as CMOS pipe CMOS
1High potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
1Conducting, second coil L
1Second end be equivalent to receive sustained diode
1Positive pole.Rectifier R
1With second coil L
1The alternating voltage u of output
1Rectification conversion dc voltage U
1Sustained diode
1The voltage at two ends is U
1, on just, down negative.As CMOS pipe CMOS
1Electronegative potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
1End.Sustained diode
1The voltage at two ends is diode junction voltage.
The 3rd direct voltage unit M
2Second the coil L that comprises transformer secondary output
2, a rectifier R
2, a sustained diode
2, an electronic switch and a driving stage P
2, electronic switch is CMOS pipe CMOS
2, said rectifier R
2Positive pole be connected in the 3rd coil L of transformer secondary output
2First end, rectifier R
2Negative pole be connected to the negative pole of fly-wheel diode; Sustained diode
2Positive pole be connected to CMOS pipe CMOS
2Drain electrode, CMOS manages CMOS
2Source electrode be connected to the 3rd coil L of transformer secondary output
2Second end, CMOS manages CMOS
2Grid be connected to driving stage P
2, by driving stage P
2According to optical receiver OR
2The control command control CMOS pipe CMOS that the controller 7 that is received is sent
2Break-make.Metal-oxide-semiconductor CMOS
2Work on off state, as CMOS pipe CMOS
2High potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
2Conducting, the 3rd coil L
2Second end be equivalent to receive sustained diode
2Positive pole.Rectifier R
2With the 3rd coil L
2The alternating voltage u of output
2Conversion dc voltage U
2Sustained diode
2The voltage at two ends is U
2, on just, down negative.As CMOS pipe CMOS
2Electronegative potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
2End.Sustained diode
2The voltage at two ends is diode junction voltage.
And the like, n direct voltage unit M
NN the coil L that comprises transformer secondary output
N, a rectifier R
N, a sustained diode
N, an electronic switch and a driving stage P
N, electronic switch is CMOS pipe CMOS
N, said rectifier R
NPositive pole be connected in n coil L of transformer secondary output
NFirst end, rectifier R
NNegative pole be connected to the negative pole of fly-wheel diode; Sustained diode
NPositive pole be connected to CMOS pipe CMOS
NDrain electrode, CMOS manages CMOS
NSource electrode be connected to n coil L of transformer secondary output
NSecond end, CMOS manages CMOS
NGrid be connected to driving stage P
N, by driving stage P
NAccording to optical receiver OR
NThe control command control CMOS pipe CMOS that the controller 7 that is received is sent
NBreak-make.Metal-oxide-semiconductor CMOS
NWork on off state, as CMOS pipe CMOS
NHigh potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
NConducting, n coil L
NSecond end be equivalent to receive sustained diode
NPositive pole.Rectifier R
NWith n coil L
NThe alternating voltage u of output
NConversion dc voltage U
NVolt.Sustained diode
NThe voltage at two ends is U
N, on just, down negative.As CMOS pipe CMOS
NElectronegative potential of grid input the time, CMOS manages CMOS
NEnd.Sustained diode
NThe voltage at two ends is diode junction voltage.
The 1st direct voltage unit M
0With the 2nd direct voltage unit M
1Between with afterflow coil L
01Be connected the 2nd direct voltage unit M
1With the 3rd direct voltage unit M
2Between with afterflow coil L
12Be connected, and the like, the 3rd direct voltage unit M
2With the 4th direct voltage unit M
3Between with afterflow coil L
23Be connected.So, if each direct voltage unit M
0, M
1, M
2..., M
NElectronic switch all under the situation of conducting simultaneously, high voltage source 5 total output total voltages are U
Always=U
0+ U
1+ U
2+ ... + U
NFirst high voltage source 5 also comprises filter inductance L and filter capacitor C, with filtering U
AlwaysIn the switching frequency composition.
Isoionic point firelock provided by the invention; Under clock pulse control; The output voltage sample value that control system 6 obtains through sample circuits (electric resistance partial pressure) and the voltage of reference signal compare, and sampled voltage is during less than setting voltage, and controller sends instruction; Open a direct current unit, the high voltage source output voltage is raise; In the next clock cycle, if sampled voltage still less than reference signal voltage, controller sends instruction, opens a direct current unit again, continues to make the high voltage source output voltage to raise; Greater than setting voltage, controller sends instruction up to sampled voltage, closes a direct current unit, and the high voltage source output voltage is reduced, and equals setting voltage up to sampled voltage.
Isoionic point firelock provided by the invention can also be under clock pulse control, and control system 6 makes wherein part of direct current pressure unit (if total direct voltage unit is 12, promptly under the situation of n=12), as makes M
0, M
1And M
5At first time period of a clock cycle T [t
1, t
2] work, make wherein another part direct voltage unit M
5, M
6And M
11Second time period [t at a clock cycle T
2, t
3] work, wherein, t
3-t
2=t
2-t
1, t
3-t
1=T, then under all identical situation of the output voltage of each grade, the output voltage of high voltage source is about
As shown in Figure 3, isoionic point firelock provided by the invention can also be under clock pulse control, and control system 6 makes wherein part of direct current pressure unit, like M
0, M
1M
5First clock section [t at one-period T
1, t
2] preceding half section time service, at first time clock section [t
1, t
2] time second half section ends; Make wherein another part direct voltage unit M
5, M
6And M
11Second time period [t at one-period T
2, t
3] preceding half section time clock work, at second time period [t
2, t
3] the second half section time clock ends, wherein, t
3-t
2=t
2-t
1, t
3-t
1=T, then under all identical situation of the output voltage of each grade, the output voltage of high voltage source is about
If control system 6 makes wherein part of direct current pressure unit (if total direct voltage unit is 12, promptly under the situation of n=12), like M
0, M
1M
3At first time period of one-period T [t
1, t
2] work, make wherein second portion direct voltage unit M
4, M
5M
7Second time period [t at one-period
2, t
3] work, make wherein third part direct voltage unit M
8, M
9M
11The 3rd time period [t at one-period T
3, t
4] work, wherein, t
4-t
3=t
3-t
2=t
2-t
1, t
4-t
1=T, then under all identical situation of the output voltage of each grade, the output voltage of high voltage source is about
As shown in Figure 4, isoionic point firelock provided by the invention can also be under clock pulse control, and control system 6 makes wherein part of direct current pressure unit, like M
0, M
1M
3At first time period of one-period T [t
1, t
2] the interior work of preceding half time period, at first time period [t
1, t
2] end in the later half time period; Make wherein second portion direct voltage unit M
4, M
5M
7Second time period [t at one-period
2, t
3] preceding half time period in work, at second time period [t
2, t
3] the later half time period in end; Make wherein third part direct voltage unit M
8, M
9M
11The 3rd time period [t at one-period T
3, t
4] the interior work of preceding half time period, at the 3rd time period [t
3, t
4] end in the later half time period, wherein, t
4-t
3=t
3-t
2=t
2-t
1, t
4-t
1=T, then under all identical situation of the output voltage of each grade, the output voltage of high voltage source is about
Isoionic point firelock provided by the invention is followed following rule to the switch control of direct voltage unit: when needing to open a direct current unit, always open time that direct voltage unit at most that is in closed condition; In the time of need closing a direct voltage unit, always close time that direct voltage unit at most that is in opening.Such switch control law brings two benefits: (1) each switch module operating time zone is impartial, and equivalent load is balanced; (2) to certain clock pulse frequency, the switching frequency of the electronic switch of each direct voltage unit reduces significantly.With the dc reference signal is example, if clock pulse frequency is f, high voltage source is made up of n direct voltage unit, and then the actual switch frequency of each direct voltage unit electronic switch is f/n.
In high voltage source, introduce fly-wheel diode among the present invention, make the electronic switch of each direct voltage unit independently to control, need not conducting simultaneously or end.During the electronic switch conducting of certain direct current unit, its output voltage is that series connection inserts; When electronic switch ended, other direct current unit was through the outside circuit output voltage of fly-wheel diode (electric current), i.e. the effect of fly-wheel diode is the cut-off state at electronic switch, and current path is provided.The effect of afterflow coil is the transient state impulse disturbances that suppresses the electronic switch conducting or end moment; On the other hand, the equivalent coefficient of self-inductance of all afterflow coils also participates in constituting back level filter circuit.
The circuit structure of second high-voltage DC power supply in the high-voltage radio-frequency power supply 16 and the course of work and the one the second high-voltage DC power supplies are similar; Second high-voltage DC power supply comprises m level direct voltage unit; Each direct voltage unit is through the cascade of afterflow coil; Control system 6 can each direct voltage unit of Long-distance Control break-make apply required direct current energy to give interior electrode and external electrode, said m is greater than or equal to 4 integer.M can equate with n, according to design.
Because high-voltage DC power supply provided by the invention and high-voltage radio-frequency power supply can be through its output free voltage values of controller software programming, so the flame temperature of isoionic point firelock can be set as required.Form through multi-stage cascade and produce high-tension DC power supply, so can adopt the lower components and parts of withstand voltage to accomplish low-voltage to high-tension conversion.
In addition, the CMOS pipe can use electronic switches such as transistor, controllable silicon to replace.
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of the stripped burning torch cooling system of grade provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 5; Said cooling system comprises main pump 23, auxiliary pump 24, three-way valve 20 and heat-exchange system; Main pump 23 drives first end that cooling water flows into three-way valve 20, and after second end of three-way valve 20 flows into the water inlet pipe 17 of external electrode, cooling water heating in external electrode 2 is then flowed out from outlet pipe 18; Also through the 3rd end of three-way valve 20 heat-exchange system 19 of flowing through, said heat-exchange system 19 is a condenser to cooling water.Outlet pipe 18 is provided with leaving water temperature transducer 21 to detect coolant-temperature gage, if leaving water temperature is lower than lower limit, regulates three-way valve 20, and the heat-exchange system flow is reduced; Temperature is higher than the upper limit, regulates three-way valve, and the heat-exchange system flow is increased.Said lower limit and higher limit are artificially set according to the performance requirement of plasma electrode.The oral siphon place of said three-way valve 20 is provided with hydraulic pressure sensor 22 to detect cooling water flow, if flow is normal, keeps main pump 23 work; If flow is undesired, launch auxiliary pump 24.The oral siphon place of main pump 23 branch roads is provided with isolating valve 31 and the cleaner 29 that is used for the filtered water foreign material, and the outlet pipe place is provided with safety valve 25 and isolating valve 27, and the purpose that isolating valve 31 and 29 are set is cooling water unimpeded in the maintenance cooling system when maintenance main pump 23.Safety valve 25 is the pressure that is used for regulating cooling system water.The oral siphon place of auxiliary pump 24 branch roads is provided with isolating valve 32 and the cleaner 30 that is used for the filtered water foreign material, and the outlet pipe place is provided with safety valve 26 and isolating valve 28.The purpose that isolating valve 32 and 28 are set is to keep the unimpeded of cooling water in the cooling system during auxiliary pump 24 in maintenance.Safety valve 26 is the pressure that is used for regulating cooling system water.Also be provided with little hydraulic pressure in the cooling system and regulate branch road, little hydraulic pressure is regulated branch road and is comprised airtight container 36, water compensating valve 33 and 34 and safety valve 35, and the center of airtight container 36 is provided with swelling gasbag 37.The pressure of gas is set as required in the swelling gasbag 37, and when the pressure of water equated with the pressure of gas in the swelling gasbag 37 in the airtight container 36, the volume of swelling gasbag 37 remained unchanged; When the pressure of water reduced in the airtight container 36, swelling gasbag 37 expanded, and gas pressure reduces; Then add the injection cooling water to cooling system through water compensating valve 33 or 34; When the pressure of water increases in the airtight container 36, swelling gasbag 37 volume-diminished, gas pressure increases; Safety valve 35,25 and 26 discharges gas, and the pressure in the cooling system is reduced.The constant pressure that so keeps cooling system.
The present invention is illustrated with the cooling of external electrode, but the interior electrode of plasma igniting rifle also can be made the but logical hollow structure of current of cooling, to cool off with cooling system provided by the invention, with the useful life of electrode in improving.
Though below having combined accompanying drawing has done to elaborate to design and instance according to the object of the invention; But those skilled in the art will be appreciated that; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, any improvement and conversion of making based on the present invention still belongs to the content in the protection range of the present invention.