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CN102623986A - Power collection and transmission system - Google Patents

Power collection and transmission system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102623986A
CN102623986A CN2011100339178A CN201110033917A CN102623986A CN 102623986 A CN102623986 A CN 102623986A CN 2011100339178 A CN2011100339178 A CN 2011100339178A CN 201110033917 A CN201110033917 A CN 201110033917A CN 102623986 A CN102623986 A CN 102623986A
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China
Prior art keywords
direct current
converter
electric power
transmission system
sequence
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CN2011100339178A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
詹长江
安德鲁·詹姆斯·布洛克
克里斯托弗·史密斯
艾伦·戴维·克兰
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GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd
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Converteam Technology Ltd
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Priority to CN2011100339178A priority Critical patent/CN102623986A/en
Publication of CN102623986A publication Critical patent/CN102623986A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a power collection and transmission system for a plurality of energy devices. The plurality of energy devices are grouped into two or a plurality of clusters. The system comprises: direct current collection networks (N1, N2 ... Nm) for all clusters; primary direct current/direct current converters (8), which are arranged at all the energy devices and are connected with the direct current collection networks; a first direct current transmission line and a second direct current transmission line (20, 22); and secondary direct current/direct current converter assemblies (12), which are connected among the direct current collection networks and the first and second direct current transmission lines. Besides, the secondary direct current/direct current converter assemblies include sequences of direct current/direct current converter modules (14) that are interconnected; and each of the direct current/direct current converter modules has a first direct current terminal (16a) and a second direct current terminal (16b) as well as a third direct current terminal (18a) and a fourth direct current terminal (18b), wherein the first direct current terminal (16a) and the second direct current terminal (16b) are connected with direct current lines of all the direct current collection networks and the third direct current terminal (18a) and the fourth direct current terminal (18b) are connected with one of the first direct current transmission line and the second direct current transmission line or connected with the adjacent direct current/direct current converter modules in the sequences.

Description

Electric power acquisition and transmission system
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power acquisition and transmission system, relate in particular to electric power acquisition and transmission system in energy device that is used in wind turbine, seabed turbine and so on and other renewable energy resources equipment that for example from wave or tidal current, obtain energy.
Background technology
Rotor through using the wind turbine machine driving generator can be electric energy with wind energy transformation.Can a plurality of wind turbines be connected into cluster and form the wind turbine airport.
Because environmental problem reaches relevant consideration, more and more tend to the wind turbine airport is placed the place of offshore.In this case, the electric power that is produced by wind turbine must be transferred to seashore, and this will use submarine cable to realize usually.Submarine cable can use HVDC (HVDC) electric power transfer.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of electric power acquisition and transmission system, it is used to be grouped into a plurality of energy devices (for example, wind turbine) of two or more clusters, and this electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise: to the direct current collection network of each cluster; Elementary DC-DC converter, it is placed in each energy device and is connected with the direct current collection network; First and second DC links; And secondary DC-DC converter assembly, it comprises the one or more secondary DC-DC converter that is connected between the direct current collection network and first and second DC links.
Secondary DC-DC converter can comprise the DC-DC converter sequence of modules of an interconnection.The DC-DC converter module is not together to be placed in single platform, but the DC-DC converter module (even those are arranged in the module of physically separated position) of interconnection can define a secondary DC-DC converter jointly arbitrarily.
Each DC-DC converter module can have first and second direct current terminals, and they optionally are connected to the ac line of each direct current collection network through the mode of public direct-current distribution bus or handover network.Public direct-current distribution bus or handover network preferably include switch between each direct current collection network and their relevant direct current/dc converter modules and the switch that the direct current collection network is isolated from each other; Wherein, public direct-current distribution bus or handover network can be configured to provide at least one in the following operator scheme: (a) when the direct current collection network is isolated from each other, allow arbitrarily or the point-to-point flow of power between all direct current collection networks and the DC-DC converter module; (b) flow of power of permission from least one direct current collection network at least one DC-DC converter module; (c), at least one direct current collection network allows the flow of power between a plurality of direct current collection networks and a plurality of DC-DC converter module when being isolated; (d), at least one DC-DC converter module allows the flow of power between a plurality of direct current collection networks and a plurality of DC-DC converter module when being isolated; And (e) allow flow of power between direct current collection network and their the relevant direct current/dc converter modules, wherein these DC-DC converter modules will be electrically connected as single island or a plurality of electric isolated island.
Several direct current collection networks can be connected to single secondary DC-DC converter, and perhaps each direct current collection network can be connected to independent secondary DC-DC converter, and secondary DC-DC converter is parallel to first and second transmission lines usually.Secondary DC-DC converter can together be placed on the single platform or be distributed in the whole energy device field (as, place a relevant cluster).
This electric power acquisition and transmission system are particularly suitable for the offshore energy device, but equally also can be applied on the bank or the land energy device.
According to the specific operation needs, each cluster comprises the energy device of any suitable number.Specifically, each cluster has the rated power of any appropriate.The energy device field will comprise the energy device of any suitable number, and they are arranged in the cluster of any suitable number.Cluster preferably is parallel-connected to secondary DC-DC converter; Each direct current collection network is connected to the DC-DC converter module of each interconnection in the sequence or is connected to public direct-current distribution bus or handover network through the mode of dc switch or circuit breaker alternatively, perhaps in the replacement configuration, is connected to each the secondary DC-DC converter in a plurality of secondary DC-DC converters.
Voltage (typical case but be not limited to high pressure (HV) or middle pressure (MV) gather voltage) be will suitably gather to the energy device of direct current collection network from cluster of each cluster and relevant direct current/dc converter modules or secondary DC-DC converter will be sent to.Each direct current collection network can be the form of suitable bus or cable, for example has at least one pair of ac line.(for example have first and second ac line at each direct current collection network; First ac line transmits plus or minus and gathers voltage; And second ac line transmits the voltage near zero) situation under, these ac line can be provided by a twin-core MVDC cable or two single core MVDC cables.Similarly; Each direct current gather networking have first, second with the 3rd ac line (for example; First ac line transmits is just gathering voltage; Second ac line transmits negatively gathers voltage, and the 3rd ac line transmits the voltage near zero) situation under, these ac line can be provided by one three core MVDC cable or three single core MVDC cables.The elementary DC-DC converter that is used for the energy device of each specified cluster preferably is parallel-connected to relevant direct current collection network.Therefore each direct current collection network collection also is provided to relevant direct current/dc converter modules or secondary DC-DC converter with this electric power by the electric power that energy device produced in the specified cluster, to be transferred to externally fed network or electrical network forward through first and second DC links.
Each elementary DC-DC converter is positioned at an energy device.In other words, elementary DC-DC converter is not one to be located on single platform but to be distributed in whole energy device field.If energy device is a wind turbine, then elementary DC-DC converter can be positioned at the pylon of supporting the wind turbine cabin.Elementary DC-DC converter also can be configured to any appropriate voltage level electric power is provided to relevant direct current collection network from energy device preferably as the boost converter operation.
Elementary DC-DC converter can have the structure or the layout of any appropriate, for example transless type or have the isolated form of transformer.
Have in the configuration of two ac line at the direct current collection network; Each elementary DC-DC converter will have asymmetric layout usually; And only the output of plus or minus direct current is provided to its first direct current outlet terminal, and its second direct current outlet terminal has the voltage near zero.Two direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter will be parallel to the ac line of relevant direct current collection network.Replacedly, can use the elementary DC-DC converter of symmetric configuration.Each elementary DC-DC converter is provided to its first direct current outlet terminal with positive direct-current output and will bears direct current output and is provided to its second direct current outlet terminal in this case, and the mid point of bipolar output has the voltage near zero.Two direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter will be parallel to the ac line of relevant direct current collection network.The ground connection and the earth fault protection strategy that will adopt depended in the selection of right title and symmetric configuration.
Have in the configuration of three ac line at the direct current collection network, each elementary DC-DC converter can have asymmetric or symmetric configuration according to the ground connection that will adopt and earth fault protection strategy.Elementary DC-DC converter with asymmetric layout will only provide the output of plus or minus direct current.This means that a part of elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster will be configured to provide positive direct-current output, and a part of elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster will be configured to provide negative direct current output.Provide two direct current outlet terminals of the elementary DC-DC converter of positive direct-current output will be parallel to first ac line and the 3rd ac line that transmits near zero voltage that voltage is just being gathered in transmission.Provide two direct current outlet terminals of the elementary DC-DC converter of negative direct current output will be parallel to negative second ac line and the 3rd ac line that transmits approaching zero voltage of gathering voltage of transmission.Elementary DC-DC converter with symmetric configuration will provide positive and negative direct current output.Three of elementary DC-DC converter direct current outlet terminals are parallel to first, second and the 3rd ac line in each cluster.
First and second DC links are sent to externally fed network or electrical network with suitable transmission voltage (typical case but be not limited to the HV transmission voltage) from secondary DC-DC converter.First and second DC links can be connected to supply network or electrical network through the transducer with any suitable architecture or layout.Said electric power acquisition and transmission system can be used for a little the multiple terminals direct current transmission net of direct current transmission or working voltage source converter on the bank.First and second DC links can have any suitable structure, comprise that being particularly suitable for secondary DC-DC converter assembly is positioned at employed submarine cable under the offshore situation (that is the single core HVDC submarine cable that, has copper or aluminium conductor).
Usually all DC-DC converter modules will have identical topology, make secondary DC-DC converter assembly assemble, from as modular system, be benefited during maintenance and repair.Modular system makes secondary DC-DC converter assembly and each secondary DC-DC converter thereof match required voltage in energy device field and specified common ratio easily; And the improvement of other redundant aspect is provided, thereby the improvement of the reliability aspect of whole system is provided.
Each DC-DC converter module of secondary DC-DC converter or each secondary DC-DC converter come work preferably as boost converter, and can be configured to any appropriate voltage level electric power is provided to direct current transmission cable from the direct current collection network.When as whole consideration, secondary DC-DC converter is preferably as boost converter work.
Make all DC-DC converter modules one be located on single platform secondary DC-DC converter is configured to a transducer station.Yet for the energy device field of rated power relatively low (for example less than 200MW), the DC-DC converter module can be distributed on whole energy device field and be positioned at the energy device place.More specifically, can be positioned at an energy device of relevant cluster, normally be positioned at the end energy device of relevant cluster to the DC-DC converter module of each direct current collection network.(in context, " end energy device " is meant the energy device that is connected to direct current collection network downstream in the cluster, on its electricity near the DC-DC converter module.) if energy device is wind turbine, then the DC-DC converter module can be positioned at the pylon of supporting the wind turbine cabin and perhaps is positioned on center (hub) structure that pylon closes on.The configuration that each DC-DC converter module is positioned at an energy device can be called as " centre type (hub-type) " and can have one pole or bipole arrangement according to specific environment.In monopolar configuration; Each the DC-DC converter module (or " center (hub) ") that has formed secondary DC-DC converter together by suitable cable or bus (for example; Single core HVDC cable) links together; Make the first DC-DC converter module in the calling sequence be connected to supply network or electrical network, and make that last DC-DC converter module is connected to second DC link that has defined the line of return in the calling sequence through first DC link that transmits the plus or minus transmission voltage.In bipole arrangement, a part of DC-DC converter module links together through first DC link positive transmission voltage being provided, and a part of DC-DC converter module links together through second DC link negative transmission voltage to be provided.
Generally speaking, transducer site type and centre type configuration all are attainable, and the DC-DC converter module preferably is cascaded at transmission equipment side, will do specifying below.
The first DC-DC converter module in the sequence preferably has the 3rd direct current terminal that is connected to first DC link and the 4th direct current terminal that is connected to the 3rd direct current terminal of next DC-DC converter module in the sequence.Each DC-DC converter module in the sequence except that last DC-DC converter module all preferably has the 4th direct current terminal that is connected with the 3rd direct current terminal of next DC-DC converter module in the sequence.Last DC-DC converter module preferably has the 4th direct current terminal that is connected with second DC link in the sequence.
In monopolar configuration, first DC link transmits the first plus or minus transmission voltage (typical case but be not limited to the HV transmission voltage), and second DC link transmits the direct voltage near zero.
In bipole arrangement, first DC link transmits positive transmission voltage, and second DC link transmits negative transmission voltage, and is perhaps opposite.For bipole arrangement is provided, a part of DC-DC converter module is configured to provide positive transmission voltage, and a part of DC-DC converter module is configured to provide negative transmission voltage.In typical configuration, basic identical with selecting a part of DC-DC converter module to make by the positive and negative transmission voltage of first and second DC links transmission.In some configurations, bipole arrangement can be through realizing adjacent a pair of direct current/dc converter modules with being connected to.More specifically; If the 4th terminal of the first DC-DC converter module is connected to the 3rd terminal of the second DC-DC converter module as stated, then can this interconnection (it can provide through suitable arbitrarily cable, bus etc.) be connected to ground so that the 4th and the 3rd terminal of the first and second DC-DC converter modules is connected respectively to ground.Sometimes it is necessary being used as the voltage potential reference point at place, transducer station interpolation earth point.Be free of attachment to ground; Then can adjacent a pair of direct current/dc converter modules be connected to three DC link of common transmission near zero voltage; Yet said the 3rd DC link is used in the situation that in the part of secondary DC-DC converter or in each secondary DC-DC converter, produces mistake or fault, thereby under the situation that only some DC-DC converter module of secondary DC-DC converter can be used, transmits suitable transmission voltage.
In direct current collection network side, first and second terminals of each DC-DC converter module are connected to the ac line of relevant direct current collection network alternatively through above-mentioned public distribution bus or handover network.Be connected in the replacement configuration of relevant secondary DC-DC converter at each direct current collection network, the DC-DC converter module can interconnect at direct current collection network side series, parallel or the mode that combines with series connection and parallel connection.Each secondary DC-DC converter can have first and second direct current terminals of the ac line that is connected to one or more direct current collection networks.
The DC-DC converter module of each interconnection preferably includes the sequence of the DC-DC converter unit of an interconnection.Therefore DC-DC converter module itself also is benefited from modular system.The AC/DC converter piece that the DC-DC converter unit of each interconnection preferably includes transformer, is connected to the AC/DC converter piece of transformer and is connected to the transformer secondary output coil.Transformer provides electricity to isolate, and for example can be the intermediate frequency or the high frequency transformer of unipolar type or three facies patterns.The DC-DC converter module can be unipolar type or three facies patterns.Under the situation with same nominal power, said transformer generally wants physics much fine and close than employed line frequency transformer in traditional HVDC electric power transfer scheme.If the use intermediate frequency transformer, because its frequency of operation is approximately 400Hz-20kHz, then the DC-DC converter module will have very high power density.
Flow of power through electric power acquisition and transmission system can be unidirectional, makes the electric power that is produced by energy device be provided to supply network or electrical network along first and second DC links.Yet, in some cases, for example electrification collection and transmission system come for energy device power supply, or control the flow of power in the interconnection between several offshore wind turbines field, or to be connected to a plurality of HVDC electrical networks be useful.Therefore flow of power can be two-way, and the layout of primary and secondary DC-DC converter can be by correspondingly design.
The AC/DC of each DC-DC converter module and AC/DC converter piece can have the layout of any appropriate; For example use the full H of tradition or the half H bridge of the power semiconductor switch (like IGBT, ETO, GCT) of any appropriate, the conventional diode bridge of inactive rectification perhaps is provided.
The DC-DC converter unit of each DC-DC converter module links together, and will specifically describe below.
The AC/DC converter piece is cascaded and realizes higher output voltage, or is connected in parallel and increases output current, or links together through series connection and the mode that parallel connection combines, and required MV level and rated power are depended in method of attachment.
Under situation about being connected in series, second direct current terminal that the AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit preferably has first direct current terminal that is connected with first ac line of each direct current collection network and is connected with first direct current terminal of AC/DC converter piece of next DC-DC converter unit in the sequence in the sequence.The AC/DC converter piece of each the DC-DC converter unit in the sequence except that last DC-DC converter unit preferably all has second direct current terminal that is connected with first direct current terminal of AC/DC converter piece of next DC-DC converter unit in the sequence.The AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit preferably has second direct current terminal that is connected with second ac line of each direct current collection network in the sequence.
Under situation about being connected in parallel, the AC/DC converter piece of each DC-DC converter unit preferably has first direct current terminal that connects with first ac line of each direct current collection network and second direct current terminal that is connected with second ac line of identical direct current collection network in the sequence.
The AC/DC converter piece also can be cascaded and realize higher output voltage; Or be connected in parallel and increase output current; Or link together through series connection and the mode that parallel connection combines, described HV transmission voltage level and rated power are depended in method of attachment.
Under situation about being connected in series, the AC/DC converter piece of each the DC-DC converter unit in the sequence except that last DC-DC converter unit preferably has second direct current terminal that is connected with first direct current terminal of AC/DC converter piece of next DC-DC converter unit in the sequence.
In the DC-DC converter module is that the AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit has first direct current terminal that preferably is connected with first DC link in the sequence under first the situation in the sequence.In the DC-DC converter module is that the AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit has second direct current terminal that preferably is connected with second DC link in the sequence under last the situation in the sequence.
For all the intermediate dc/dc converter modules in the sequence (promptly; In the sequence except first and last other all module the DC-DC converter module), the AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit has preferably first direct current terminal that is connected with second direct current terminal of AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit of last DC-DC converter module in the sequence in the sequence.Similarly, the AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit has preferably second direct current terminal that is connected with first direct current terminal of AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit of next DC-DC converter module in the sequence in the sequence.In other words, first of adjacent intermediate dc/dc converter modules links together with last AC/DC converter piece, makes each DC-DC converter module interconnected in series.
Under situation about being connected in parallel, the AC/DC converter piece of each DC-DC converter unit preferably has first direct current terminal that is connected with the 3rd direct current terminal of each DC-DC converter module and second direct current terminal that is connected with the 4th direct current terminal of each DC-DC converter module in the sequence.
First direct current terminal of the AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit has defined first direct current terminal of DC-DC converter module effectively in the sequence, and can be connected to first ac line of relevant direct current collection network through the mode of no load switch.Second direct current terminal of the AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit has defined second terminal of DC-DC converter module effectively in the sequence, and can be connected to second ac line of relevant direct current collection network through the mode of no load switch.Interconnection in the sequence between the adjacent AC/DC converter unit can be connected to the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network through the mode of no load switch.
First direct current terminal of the AC/DC converter piece of the first DC-DC converter unit has defined the 3rd direct current terminal of DC-DC converter module effectively in the sequence.Second direct current terminal of the AC/DC converter piece of last DC-DC converter unit has defined the 4th terminal of DC-DC converter module effectively in the sequence.Third and fourth terminal of DC-DC converter module can be connected to a DC link or direct current terminal of adjacent direct current/dc converter modules in the sequence.Can use the interconnection between the cable of any appropriate or the AC/DC converter piece that bus (for example, single core HVDC cable) is realized adjacent direct current/dc converter modules.Understand easily; Have at secondary DC-DC converter under the situation of centre type configuration; The AC/DC converter piece of adjacent direct current/dc converter modules can separate relatively large distance, and must correspondingly select to be used to connect their cable or bus.For example, under the situation of offshore wind power installation field, external cable can have the structure that is particularly suitable for the seabed use.For the configuration of transducer site type, the AC/DC converter piece of adjacent direct current/dc converter modules is physically closer to each other and can simplify connection.
In the reality, all connections to the direct current terminal of each DC-DC converter module can comprise no load switch or circuit breaker.The intrinsic error current limitation capability in DC-DC converter unit can help the interruption and the isolation of any network failure.
Each DC-DC converter module also can comprise a by-pass switch between its third and fourth direct current terminal so that the DC-DC converter module in fault or repair procedures by integral bypass.
Energy device can be to be combined with motor (for example, generator) electric power is provided to the wind turbine of electric power acquisition and transmission system.Each motor can provide direct current, and the terminal of each motor can be directly connected to relevant elementary DC-DC converter.Replacedly, motor can provide alternating current (for example, they can be configured to traditional permanent-magnet type or induction type generator).In this case, between the terminal of motor and relevant elementary DC-DC converter, additional AC/DC converter be provided usually.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map that illustrates according to first electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is asymmetric type; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses a twin-core MVDC cable or two single core MVDC cables to be connected to a specific DC-DC converter module in the transducer station, and wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is connected in series to the bipolar transmission network;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map that illustrates the complete wind turbine airport of using first electric power acquisition and transmission system;
Fig. 3 illustrates to can be used for first electric power acquisition and the transmission system sketch map with the layout of the DC-DC converter unit of each DC-DC converter module that bi-directional electric power stream is provided;
Fig. 4 is the sketch map that illustrates according to second electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is asymmetric type; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses one three core MVDC cable or three single core MVDC cables to be connected to a specific DC-DC converter module in the transducer station, and wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is connected in series to the bipolar transmission network;
Fig. 5 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 3rd electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is a symmetry class; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses one three core MVDC cable or three single core MVDC cables to be connected to a specific DC-DC converter module in the transducer station, and wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is connected in series to the bipolar transmission network;
Fig. 6 illustrates to can be used for the second and the 3rd electric power acquisition and the transmission system sketch map with the layout of the DC-DC converter unit of each DC-DC converter module that bi-directional electric power stream is provided;
Fig. 7 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 4th electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is asymmetric type; Secondary DC-DC converter has the centre type structure that each cluster wherein all has a local DC-DC converter module; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses a twin-core MVDC cable or two single core MVDC cables to be connected to relevant center, and the output of wherein local DC-DC converter module is connected in series with the bipolar output that provides to be connected to the bipolar transmission network;
Fig. 8 is the sketch map that illustrates the complete wind turbine airport of using the 4th electric power acquisition and transmission system;
Fig. 9 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 5th electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is a symmetry class; Secondary DC-DC converter has the centre type structure that each cluster wherein all has a local DC-DC converter module; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses one three core MVDC cable or three single core MVDC cables to be connected to relevant center, and the output of wherein local DC-DC converter module is connected in series with the bipolar output that provides to be connected to the bipolar transmission network;
Figure 10 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 6th electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is asymmetric type; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses a twin-core MVDC cable or two single core MVDC cables to be connected to a specific DC-DC converter module in the transducer station, and wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is parallel to the one pole transmission network;
Figure 11 illustrates to can be used for the 6th electric power acquisition and the transmission system sketch map with the layout of the DC-DC converter unit of each DC-DC converter module that bi-directional electric power stream is provided;
Figure 12 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 7th electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is a symmetry class; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses one three core MVDC cable or three single core MVDC cables to be connected to the secondary DC-DC converter of a pair of interconnection in the transducer station; And wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is connected in series so that a bipolar output to be provided, and wherein each bipolar output all is parallel to the bipolar transmission network;
Figure 13 is the sketch map that illustrates according to the 8th electric power acquisition of the present invention and transmission system; Wherein elementary DC-DC converter is asymmetric type; Secondary DC-DC converter has the transducer station structure; Elementary DC-DC converter in each cluster all uses a twin-core MVDC cable or two single core MVDC cables to be connected to a specific DC-DC converter module in the transducer station through the mode of plug-in type DC distribution bus or handover network, and wherein the output of DC-DC converter module is connected in series to the bipolar transmission network; And
Figure 14 is the sketch map that the DC distribution bus of Figure 13 is shown.
Embodiment
Explanation for ease, AC/DC converter piece of mentioning here and AC/DC converter piece all are to be directed against from the energy device to the supply network or the flow of power of electrical network.In other words, to from the energy device to the supply network or the flow of power of electrical network, the AC/DC converter piece converts the direct current input to and exchanges output, and the AC/DC converter piece will exchange input and convert direct current to and export.
In short, understand each electric power acquisition and transmission system easily and all designed to be used a plurality of energy devices that are grouped into two or more clusters.The quantity n of energy device depends on the global design and the action need of energy device field in the quantity m of cluster and each cluster.Can select suitable rated power thus to the DC-DC converter module of elementary DC-DC converter and secondary DC-DC converter.Following all electric power acquisition and transmission system have some common ground, and wherein suitable be to use identical reference number to refer to identical technological member or characteristic.
With reference now to Fig. 1, first electric power acquisition and the transmission system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 504MW are described to Fig. 3.
14 cluster C1 altogether that a plurality of wind turbines 2 are grouped into that parallel connection arranges, C2...C14 are (that is, m=14).Each cluster comprises that 6 wind turbines (that is, n=6), this means that the wind turbine airport comprises 84 wind turbines altogether.The layout on wind turbine airport is as shown in Figure 2, and wherein each wind turbine is represented by a point.
Shown in arrange that the rated power of each wind turbine is 6MW, so each cluster provides 36MW.
Each wind turbine comprises the turbine blade assembly that is installed in the rotating shaft, thereby the spacing of this turbine blade assembly can be optimized and/or limit through the wind energy that the space regulator (not shown) is controlled capturing in the generator 4.Generator 4 can provide the direct transmission permanent magnetism of tradition or the induction type generator of alternating current.In this case, an additional AC/DC converter 6 is provided between generator terminal and elementary DC-DC converter 8.The generator 4 ' of optional type can be configured to provide direct current, the AC/DC converter that need not add in this case but the generator terminal is directly connected to elementary DC-DC converter 8.Each generator 4 ' can comprise " active " stator, and it has the electronic commutator circuits that uses the static power electronic equipment, thereby provides bigger flexibility to strengthen the property for the designer.Power electronic equipment is by modularization and all be integrated in the motor with shared cooling system, auxiliary system, structure and encapsulation, thereby realizes high power density.
The wind turbine that from Fig. 1, can understand in each cluster can have the difference configuration that comprises different generator types.Yet, in practice usually preferably in the wind turbine airport all wind turbines of (perhaps possibly be in each cluster) have the identical configuration that comprises identical generator type, thereby be easy to install and maintenance.
Elementary DC-DC converter 8 is positioned at each wind turbine 2.Therefore the wind turbine airport comprises 84 elementary DC-DC converters altogether.Elementary DC-DC converter can be in other additional member be installed in the pylon of each wind turbine.Elementary DC-DC converter has asymmetric layout as boost converter and in this configuration.The direct current that is input to each elementary DC-DC converter is input as 5kV and direct current output (or gathering voltage) is+24kV (1600A), but also can use other direct current input to export with direct current.Elementary DC-DC converter 8 has the function of online tap changer alternatively, thereby substantially invariable direct current output is provided when wind speed changes.
Elementary DC-DC converter 8 has the rated power of 6MW and can have any suitable structure or layout.
For each cluster C1, C2...C14 provide a direct current collection network N.Each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 are made up of a twin cable (or two single-core cables), and this cable has first (just) ac line and second ac line (being designated as GND) that transmits near zero direct voltage that pressure (MV) is gathered voltage among transmission+24kV.It also is possible understanding other collection voltages easily.Elementary DC-DC converter 8 to each wind turbine in the cluster all is parallel to the direct current collection network.In other words, be parallel to the first direct current collection network N1 to 6 elementary DC-DC converters 8 of the first cluster C1, by the parallelly connected second direct current collection network N2, the rest may be inferred to 6 elementary DC-DC converters of the second cluster C2.All respectively by the fine rule signal, each fine rule all is connected to transducer station 10 with each wind turbine 2 in the specified cluster for each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 in Fig. 2.Two direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter 8 are parallel to first and second ac line of relevant direct current collection network.
Although do not illustrate; The direct current outlet terminal of each elementary DC-DC converter 8 can be connected to direct current collection network N through the mode of no load switch or dc circuit breaker, thus allow wind turbine 2 break down safeguard or when repairing can with electric power acquisition and transmission system isolation.
Electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise secondary DC-DC converter 12.This secondary DC-DC converter 12 comprises that one is located on the sequence of DC-DC converter module 14 of an interconnection at transducer station 10.14 DC-DC converter modules 14 are provided 1, 14 2... 14 14(that is, k=14) and the rated power of each be 36MW or with the rated power of relevant cluster equity.
Each DC-DC converter module 14 all has first and second direct current terminal 16a and the 16b.The first and second direct current terminal 16a and 16b are connected to the ac line of relevant direct current collection network.In other words, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The first and second direct current terminal 16a 1And 16b 1Be connected to the ac line of the first direct current collection network N1, the second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The first and second direct current terminal 16a 2And 16b 2Be connected to the ac line of the second direct current collection network N2, the rest may be inferred.The electric power that is produced by the wind turbine among each cluster C1, the C2...C14 2 is through relevant direct current collection network N1, relevant direct current/dc converter modules 14 that N2...N14 is provided to secondary DC- DC converter 12 1, 14 2... 14 14
Each DC-DC converter module 14 also has third and fourth direct current terminal 18a and the 18b.The first DC-DC converter module 14 1The 3rd terminal 18a 1Be connected to first (just) DC link 20.Last DC-DC converter module 14 14The 4th terminal 18b 14Be connected to second (bearing) DC link 22.DC link 20 and 22 can have the structure (for example, single core HVDC cable) of any appropriate and high pressure (HV) transmission voltage of transmission ± 200kV (1250A) in this bipole arrangement.DC link 20 and 22 selectively is connected to the supply network on the bank or the electrical network (not shown) of any suitable type through the transducer station.
Part DC-DC converter module 14 1, 14 2... 14 7Be configured to provide positive transmission voltage, and a part of DC-DC converter module 14 8, 14 9... 14 14Be configured to provide negative transmission voltage.Adjacent direct current/dc converter modules 14 in the sequence 7With 14 8Be connected to earth terminal.Specifically, DC-DC converter 14 7The 4th direct current terminal 18b 7According to the DC-DC converter 14 that is connected to shown in Figure 1 8The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 8And also be connected to earth terminal.But earth terminal can be replaced by the 3rd DC link in unshowned arrangement.Under the normal running of electric power acquisition and transmission system, the 3rd DC link will transmit no-voltage.Yet if in one or more DC-DC converter modules 14, break down, secondary DC-DC converter 12 possibly also can use the 3rd DC link that transmits transmission voltage to come work.For example, if in any one the DC-DC converter module 14 that is configured to provide positive transmission voltage 1, 14 2... 14 7In have fault, then can they be isolated, and provide through second DC link 22 secondary DC-DC converter 12 is worked on through positive transmission voltage being provided through the 3rd DC link and will bearing transmission voltage.Can the DC-DC converter module that break down 14 be isolated to keep in repair although described, also can they be stayed in the circuit according to the redundant principle of known sequences.In either case, the contribution of the output voltage of 14 pairs of whole secondary DC-DC converters 12 of fault DC-DC converter module is zero.Understanding is merely able to provide the transmission voltage that reduces in these cases easily.Alternatively, secondary DC-DC converter 12 is designed with enough output voltage surplus and adjusting, when at least one fault DC-DC converter module 14 is not contributed output voltage, can also realizes the output voltage of expecting with permission.
Electric power acquisition and transmission system also have monopolar configuration, and wherein first DC link 20 is just transmitting (or negative) HV transmission voltage, and second DC link 22 transmits return voltage, and be perhaps opposite.In this case, adjacent direct current/dc converter modules 14 7With 14 8Between earth terminal can omit.
Like following detailed, DC-DC converter module 14 interconnected in series of secondary DC-DC converter.Although Fig. 1 shows 14 DC- DC converter modules 14 1, 14 2... 14 14, can have the DC-DC converter module of any suitable quantity according to the quantity of cluster and the global design needs on wind turbine airport but understand secondary DC-DC converter 12 easily.
Remove last the DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 14, the 4th direct current terminal 18b of each DC-DC converter module is connected to the 3rd direct current terminal 18a of next the DC-DC converter module in the sequence.In other words, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The 4th direct current terminal 18b 1Be connected to the second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 2, the second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The 4th direct current terminal 18b 2Be connected to the 3rd DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 3The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 3, the rest may be inferred.
Can use the interconnected in series of 14 of adjacent direct current/dc converter modules that any suitable bus or direct current cables realize HVDC transmission line side.
DC-DC converter module 14 is as boost converter, now through coming it is elaborated with reference to figure 3.
Each DC-DC converter module 14 all comprises the sequence of a DC-DC converter unit 24.In configuration shown in Figure 3, each DC-DC converter module comprises that all (that is, p=12), but easy understanding can provide the DC-DC converter unit of any suitable number according to design demand in 12 DC-DC converter unit.
Each DC-DC converter unit 24 can be made up of full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 26 of the tradition of having used suitable power semiconductor switch and the full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 28 of the tradition of having used suitable power semiconductor switch.Such configuration is suitable for bi-directional electric power stream, so that in some environment, can electric power be provided to the generator 4 of each wind turbine from the supply network (not shown).In the replacement configuration, can AC/DC converter piece 28 be configured to the diode bridge as passive rectifier work.This replacement configuration is suitable for the unidirectional flow of power from the wind turbine to the supply network, and wherein there is no need to let AC/DC converter piece 28 that inverter function is provided.
AC/DC converter piece 26 and AC/DC converter piece 28 are provided at each side of intermediate frequency or high frequency transformer 30, and this transformer 30 provides electric isolation.
Each DC-DC converter unit 24 comprises first couple of direct current terminal 32a and 32b and the second couple of direct current terminal 34a and 34b.The first couple of direct current terminal 32a and 32b are defined by the direct current terminal of each AC/DC converter piece 26, and the second couple of direct current terminal 34a and 34b are defined by the direct current terminal of each AC/DC converter piece 28.The interchange terminal of each AC/DC converter piece 26 is connected to the primary coil of transformer 30.The interchange terminal of each AC/DC converter piece 28 is connected to the secondary coil of transformer 30.
As will be discussed later in detail, the DC-DC converter unit 24 of each DC-DC converter module 14 is interconnected.
Although AC/DC converter piece 26 has been shown by interconnected in series in Fig. 3, they also can be interconnected by parallel connection, and perhaps the mode through parallel connection and series combination interconnects.More specifically, each AC/DC converter piece 26 1, 26 2... 26 PThe first direct current terminal 32a 1, 32a 2... 32a PCan be connected to first ac line of the direct current collection network relevant with the DC-DC converter module, and each AC/DC converter piece 26 1, 26 2... 26 PThe second direct current terminal 32b 1, 32b 2... 32b PCan be connected to second ac line of same direct current collection network.
The first AC/DC converter piece 26 1The first direct current terminal 32a 1Defined first ac line that is directed against the first direct current terminal 16a of DC-DC converter module 14 and is connected to the direct current collection network relevant with this DC-DC converter module.Except forming last DC-DC converter unit 24 PThe AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part PIn addition, the second direct current terminal 32b of each AC/DC converter piece 26 all interconnected in series form the first direct current terminal 32a of the AC/DC converter piece of next DC-DC converter unit part in the sequence.In other words, formed the first DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 1The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part 1The second direct current terminal 32b 1Be connected to and form the second DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 2The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part 2The first direct current terminal 32a 2, formed the second DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 2The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part 2The second direct current terminal 32b 2Be connected to and form the 3rd DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 3The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part 3The first direct current terminal 32a 3, the rest may be inferred.Formed DC-DC converter second from the bottom unit 24 in the sequence (P-1)The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part (P-1)The second direct current terminal 32b (P-1)Be connected to and form last DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence PThe AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part PThe first direct current terminal 32a P
Form last DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence PThe AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part PThe second direct current terminal 32b PDefined the second direct current terminal 16b of DC-DC converter module 14 and be connected to second ac line of the direct current collection network relevant with this DC-DC converter module.
AC/DC converter piece 28 is also by interconnected in series.Yet understanding the AC/DC converter piece easily also can perhaps be interconnected through the mode of parallel connection and series combination by the parallel connection interconnection.
The first AC/DC converter piece 28 1The first direct current terminal 34a 1Defined the 3rd direct current terminal 18a to DC-DC converter module 14.If this DC-DC converter module is first (that is DC-DC converter module 14 shown in Fig. 1, in the sequence 1), the first AC/DC converter piece 28 then 1The first direct current terminal 34a 1Be connected to first DC link 20.Otherwise, the first AC/DC converter piece 28 1The first direct current terminal 34a 1Be connected to last AC/DC converter piece 28 of last DC-DC converter module in the sequence PThe second direct current terminal 34b P
Except forming last DC-DC converter unit 24 PThe AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part PIn addition, the second direct current terminal 34b of each AC/DC converter piece 28 all interconnected in series form the first direct current terminal 34a of the AC/DC converter piece of next DC-DC converter unit part in the sequence.In other words, formed the first DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 1The AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part 1The second direct current terminal 34b 1Be connected to and form the second DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 2The AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part 2The first direct current terminal 34a 2, formed the second DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 2The AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part 2The second direct current terminal 34b 2Be connected to and form the 3rd DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 3The AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part 3The first direct current terminal 34a 3, the rest may be inferred.Formed DC-DC converter second from the bottom unit 24 in the sequence (P-1)The AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part (P-1)The second direct current terminal 34b (P-1)Be connected to and form last DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence PThe AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part PThe first direct current terminal 34a P
Form last DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence PThe AC/DC converter piece 28 of a part PThe second direct current terminal 34b PDefined the 4th direct current terminal 18b of DC-DC converter module 14.If this DC-DC converter module is last (that is DC-DC converter module 14 shown in Fig. 1, in the sequence 14), last AC/DC converter piece 28 then PThe second direct current terminal 34b PBe connected to second DC link 22.Otherwise, last AC/DC converter piece 28 PThe second direct current terminal 34b PBe connected to the first AC/DC converter piece 28 of next DC-DC converter module in the sequence 1The first direct current terminal 34a 1
By-pass switch 36 can be connected between the third and fourth direct current terminal 18a and the 18b so that remaining DC-DC converter module is kept apart in each DC-DC converter module 14 and the secondary DC-DC converter.
Can be undertaken being connected by no load switch 38 with the outside of the first, second, third and the 4th direct current terminal 16a, 16b, 18a and the 18b of each DC-DC converter module 14.
With reference now to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the second and the 3rd electric power acquisition and transmission system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 504MW described.
Second with the 3rd electric power acquisition first electric power acquisition and the transmission system with above-mentioned is identical to a great extent with transmission system; But difference is each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 and all is made up of a three-core cable (or three single-core cables) that this cable has the 3rd (bearing) ac line of pressing collection voltage among first (just) ac line of pressing (MV) collection voltage among transmission+24kV, second ac line (being designated as GND) that transmits approaching zero direct voltage and the transmission-24kV.It also is possible understanding other collection voltages easily.
In second electric power acquisition and transmission system shown in Figure 4, elementary DC-DC converter 8 has asymmetric layout.Some elementary DC-DC converters 8 provide+and the output of 24kV (1600A) direct current and their two direct current outlet terminals are parallel-connected to first and second ac line of relevant direct current collection network.Other elementary DC-DC converters 8 provide-and the output of 24kV (1600A) direct current and their two direct current outlet terminals are parallel-connected to the second and the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network.
In the 3rd electric power acquisition and transmission system shown in Figure 5, elementary DC-DC converter 9 has symmetric configuration and provides ± output of 24kV (800A) direct current.Therefore, three of each elementary DC-DC converter 9 direct current outlet terminals are parallel-connected to first, second and the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network.
In the second and the 3rd electric power acquisition and transmission system, each DC-DC converter module 14 all has first, second and the 3rd direct current terminal 40a, 40b and 40c.They are connected to the ac line of relevant direct current collection network.In other words, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The first direct current terminal 40a 1Be connected to first (just) ac line of the first direct current collection network N1, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The second direct current terminal 40b 1Be connected to second ac line of the first direct current collection network N1, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The 3rd direct current terminal 40c1 be connected to the 3rd (bearing) ac line of the first direct current collection network N1.
As shown in Figure 6, AC/DC converter piece of the second and the 3rd electric power acquisition and transmission system 26 and AC/DC converter piece 28 interconnected in series, and their description is as above about the description of first electric power acquisition and transmission system.Yet, defined the second direct current terminal 40b to DC-DC converter module 14 thereby easy understanding connects AC/DC converter piece 26 in this way.Specifically, the second direct current terminal 40b is connected to and has formed the 6th DC-DC converter unit 24 in the sequence 6The AC/DC converter piece 26 of a part 6The second direct current terminal 32b 6With formed the 7th DC-DC converter unit 24 7AC/DC converter piece 26 7The first direct current terminal 32a 7Between in the already present interconnection.
Each DC-DC converter unit 24 can be made up of the full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 28 of tradition of full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 26 of the tradition of having used suitable power semiconductor switch and the suitable power semiconductor switch of utilization rate.Such configuration is suitable for bi-directional electric power stream, so that in some environment, can electric power be provided to the generator 4 of each wind turbine from the supply network (not shown).In the replacement configuration, can AC/DC converter piece 28 be configured to the diode bridge as passive rectifier work.This replacement configuration is suitable for the unidirectional flow of power from the wind turbine to the supply network, and wherein there is no need to let AC/DC converter piece 28 that inverter function is provided.
The 4th electric power acquisition and the transfer system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 144MW are described referring now to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
First to the 3rd electric power acquisition with above-mentioned is identical with transmission system to a great extent with transmission system for the 4th electric power acquisition, has different configurations but difference is secondary DC-DC converter 12.DC-DC converter module 14 is not together placed transducer station 10, they are distributed in (that is, secondary DC-DC converter has the centre type structure) in the whole wind turbine field and make.From foregoing description, understand to the direct current collection network of each cluster relevant easily with specific DC-DC converter module 14.In the 4th electric power acquisition and transmission system, be positioned at a wind turbine place to the DC-DC converter module 14 of each direct current collection network N, more specifically be positioned at the wind turbine place of cluster medial end portions.The wind turbine of end is the wind turbine that is in the downstream of direct current collection network N.Each DC-DC converter module 14 can be arranged in a suitable division center, and this division center is closed on wind turbine or is in the pylon of the wind turbine of supporting the cabin.
A plurality of wind turbines 2 are grouped into four cluster C1 that parallel connection arranges, C2...C4 (that is, m=4) in illustrated arrangement.Each cluster comprises that 6 wind turbines (that is, n=6), this means that the wind turbine airport comprises 24 wind turbines altogether.The layout on wind turbine airport schematically shows in Fig. 8, and wherein each wind turbine is represented with a point.
In illustrated arrangement, the rated power of each wind turbine 2 is 6MW, and therefore each cluster can provide 36MW.
In Fig. 8, all respectively by the fine rule signal, each fine rule all is connected to the center 42 that has comprised relevant direct current/dc converter modules 14 with each wind turbine 2 in the specified cluster for each direct current collection network N1, N2...N4.
DC-DC converter module 14 interconnected in series as stated.In illustrated arrangement, first (just) DC link 44 (for example, single core HVDC cable) is connected to the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N1 1The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 1, and second (bearing) DC link 46 (for example, single core HVDC cable) is connected to the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N4 4The 4th direct current terminal 18b 4This is a bipole arrangement that is transmitted voltage by the HV of DC link 44 and 46 transmission ± 100kV.Therefore with the first and second DC-DC converter modules 14 1With 14 2Be configured to provide positive transmission voltage, and with the third and fourth DC-DC converter module 14 3With 14 4Be configured to provide negative transmission voltage.
The DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N1 1The 4th direct current terminal 18b 1Be connected to the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N2 2The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 2This connection is to be accomplished by other DC link 48 (for example, single core HVDC cable).The DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N2 2The 4th direct current terminal 18b 2Be connected to the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N3 3The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 3This connection is to be accomplished by other DC link 50 (for example, single core HVDC cable).At last, the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N3 3The 4th direct current terminal 18b 3Be connected to the DC-DC converter module 14 relevant with direct current collection network N4 4The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 4This connection is to be accomplished by other DC link 52 (for example, single core HVDC cable).DC-DC converter module 14 2The 4th direct current terminal 18b 2Be connected to DC-DC converter module 14 3The 3rd direct current terminal 18a 3, and be connected to ground.
In this system and correspondingly in the system of other centre type, the area of the loop that DC link 44,48,50,52 and 46 forms possibly be enough to cause and generates a unacceptable large radiation magnetic field.Thereby path that for example can be through forcing DC link 46 is remedied this problem near the counteracting that DC link 44,48,50 and 52 causes.
(not shown) in an alternative monopolar configuration, DC-DC converter module 14 links together with the DC link (for example, single core HVDC cable) of the HV transmission voltage of transmission+100kV.Second DC link that is connected to end DC-DC converter module can be used as the line of return.
Each elementary DC-DC converter 8 has asymmetric layout, and direct current is output as+24kV (1600A).Each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 also are made up of a twin cable (or two single-core cables), and this cable has first (just) ac line and second ac line (being designated as GND) that transmits near zero direct voltage that pressure (MV) is gathered voltage among transmission+24kV.Two direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter 8 are parallel to first and second ac line of relevant direct current collection network.Therefore easily it is consistent to understand in the layout of the input side of secondary DC-DC converter and first electric power acquisition shown in Figure 1 and transmission system employed layout.
The 5th electric power acquisition and the transfer system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 144MW are described referring now to Fig. 9.
The 4th electric power acquisition and the transmission system with above-mentioned is identical to a great extent with transmission system for the 5th electric power acquisition, but difference is that each elementary DC-DC converter 9 has symmetric configuration and direct current is output as ± 24kV (800A).Each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 are made up of a three-core cable (or three single-core cables), and this cable has the 3rd ac line of pressing collection voltage among first (just) ac line of pressing (MV) collection voltage among transmission+24kV, second ac line (being designated as GND) that transmits approaching zero voltage and the transmission-24kV.Three direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter 9 are parallel to first, second and the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network.Therefore easily it is consistent to understand in the layout of the input side of secondary DC-DC converter and the 3rd electric power acquisition shown in Figure 5 and transmission system employed layout.Can also have asymmetric layout for each elementary DC-DC converter; The direct current of the elementary DC-DC converter of some of them is output as+and 24kV (1600A) and their two direct current outlet terminals are parallel to first and second ac line of relevant direct current collection network, and and the direct current of other elementary DC-DC converters is output as-and 24kV (1600A) and their two direct current outlet terminals are parallel to the second and the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network.Consistent to employed layout in the layout of the input side of secondary DC-DC converter and second electric power acquisition shown in Figure 4 and the transmission system.
The DC-DC converter module is positioned at the end wind turbine of each cluster in the 4th and the 5th electric power acquisition and the transmission system, and this is particularly suitable for having the wind turbine airport of lower total specified power (for example, less than 200MW).
The 6th electric power acquisition and the transfer system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 240MW are described referring now to Figure 10 and Figure 11.First electric power acquisition and the transmission system referring to figs. 1 to 3 descriptions with above-mentioned is identical to a great extent with transmission system for the 6th electric power acquisition, and their relevant difference will describe as follows.
A plurality of wind turbines 2 are grouped into ten cluster C1 that parallel connection arranges, C2...C10 (that is, m=10).Each cluster comprises that 4 wind turbines (that is, n=4), this means that the wind turbine airport comprises 40 wind turbines altogether.
Electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise a plurality of secondary DC-DC converters 60, and they are parallel to DC link 20 and 21.
The electric power that is produced by the wind turbine among each cluster C1, the C2...C10 2 is provided to relevant secondary DC-DC converter 60 by relevant direct current collection network N1, N2...N10.
Each secondary DC-DC converter 60 comprises the sequence of the DC-DC converter module 14 of an interconnection, and these parallelly connected DC-DC converter modules 14 1 are located on transducer station 10.5 DC-DC converter modules 14 are provided 1, 14 2... 14 5, and they each rated power is 4.8MW.Therefore the rated power of each secondary DC-DC converter 60 is 24MW or reciprocity with the rated power of relevant cluster.
Each DC-DC converter module 14 has first and second terminal 62a and the 62b.The first and second terminal 62a and 62b are parallel to the ac line of a relevant direct current collection network N1, N2...N10.In other words, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The first and second terminal 62a 1And 62b 1Be connected to first and second ac line of the first direct current collection network N1; The second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The first and second terminal 62a 2And 62b 2Be connected to first and second ac line of the second direct current collection network N2, the rest may be inferred.
Each DC-DC converter module 14 also has third and fourth terminal 64a and the 64b.The first DC-DC converter module 14 1The 3rd terminal 64a 1Be connected to first (just) DC link 20.Last DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 5The 4th terminal 64b 5Be connected to second (neutrality) DC link 21.DC link 20 and 21 has the structure (for example, single core, integrated twin-core HVDC cable) of any appropriate and the HV transmission voltage of transmission+150kV (1600A) in this monopolar configuration.DC link 20 and 21 selectively is connected to the supply network on the bank or the electrical network (not shown) of any type through the AC/DC converter station.
A part of DC-DC converter module 14 in each secondary DC- DC converter 60 1, 14 2... 14 5Be configured to the transmission voltage that provides positive.Adjacent DC-DC converter module 14 is in the series connection of HVDC transmission line one side and in the parallel connection of direct current collection network one side.
Remove last the DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 5In addition, the 4th terminal 64b of each DC-DC converter module is connected to the 3rd direct current terminal 64a of next the DC-DC converter module in the sequence.In other words, the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 1The 4th direct current terminal 64b 1Be connected to the second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The 3rd direct current terminal 64a 2, the second DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 2The 4th direct current terminal 64b 2Be connected to the 3rd DC-DC converter module 14 in the sequence 3The 3rd direct current terminal 64a 3, the rest may be inferred.Can using arbitrarily, suitable bus or direct current cables is implemented in the interconnected in series between the adjacent direct current/dc converter modules 14 of HVDC transmission line one side.
In direct current collection network one side, the first DC-DC converter module 14 1The first direct current terminal 62a 1Be parallel to the second DC-DC converter module 14 2The first direct current terminal 62a 2And the 3rd DC-DC converter module 14 3The first direct current terminal 62a 3, the rest may be inferred; The first DC-DC converter module 14 1The second direct current terminal 62b 1Be parallel to the second DC-DC converter module 14 2The second direct current terminal 62b 2And the 3rd DC-DC converter module 14 3The second direct current terminal 62b 3, the rest may be inferred.Can use arbitrarily suitable bus or direct current cables to realize that the parallel connection between first and second ac line of adjacent direct current/dc converter modules 14 and relevant direct current collection network N1, N2...N10 interconnects.
DC-DC converter module 14 also will come it is elaborated as boost converter with reference to Figure 11.
Each DC-DC converter module 14 comprises the sequence of a DC-DC converter unit 24.In configuration shown in Figure 11, each DC-DC converter module 14 comprises that (that is, p=10), but easy understanding can provide the DC-DC converter unit of any suitable number according to design demand in 10 DC-DC converter unit.
Each DC-DC converter unit 24 can be made up of full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 26 of the tradition of having used suitable power semiconductor switch and the full H bridge AC/DC converter piece 28 of the tradition of having used suitable power semiconductor switch.Such configuration is suitable for bi-directional electric power stream, so that in some environment, can electric power be provided to the generator 4 of each wind turbine from the supply network (not shown).In the replacement configuration, can AC/DC converter piece 28 be configured to the diode bridge as passive rectifier work.This replacement configuration is suitable for the unidirectional flow of power from the wind turbine to the supply network, and wherein there is no need to let AC/DC converter piece 28 that inverter function is provided.
AC/DC converter piece 26 and AC/DC converter piece 28 are provided at each side of intermediate frequency or high frequency transformer 30, and this transformer 30 provides electric isolation.
DC-DC converter unit 24 series, parallel of each DC-DC converter module 14 or the mode that combines with series connection and parallel connection interconnect, and be as above said with reference to figure 3.
The 7th electric power acquisition and the transfer system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 504MW are described referring now to Figure 12.The 7th electric power acquisition and transmission system are identical with the 6th electric power acquisition and the transmission system that above-mentioned reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 describe to a great extent, and their relevant difference will describe as follows.
A plurality of wind turbines 2 are grouped into 14 cluster C1 that parallel connection arranges, C2...C14 (that is, m=14).Each cluster comprises that 4 wind turbines (that is, n=4), this means that the wind turbine airport comprises 56 wind turbines altogether.
Electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise a plurality of secondary DC-DC converters 60, and they are parallel to DC link 20 and 22.
Each direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 are made up of a three-core cable (or three single-core cables), and this cable has the 3rd (bearing) ac line of pressing collection voltage among first (just) ac line of pressing (MV) collection voltage among transmission+20kV, second ac line (being designated as GND) that transmits approaching zero voltage and the transmission-20kV.It also is possible understanding other collection voltages easily.In Figure 12, elementary DC-DC converter 9 has symmetric configuration and provide ± the direct current output of 20kV (900A).Therefore three direct current outlet terminals of each elementary DC-DC converter 9 are parallel to first, second and the 3rd ac line of relevant direct current collection network.
The electric power that is produced by the wind turbine among two cluster C1 and the C2 is provided to as above the secondary DC-DC converter 60 with reference to Figure 10 and the described a pair of interconnection of Figure 11 through direct current collection network N1 and N2 1With 60 2
Secondary DC-DC converter 60 1The 3rd direct current terminal be connected to first (just) DC link 20, and secondary DC-DC converter 60 1The 4th direct current terminal and secondary DC-DC converter 60 2The 3rd direct current terminal series connection.Secondary DC-DC converter 60 1The 4th direct current terminal and secondary DC-DC converter 60 2The 3rd direct current terminal be connected to neutrality or earth connection, perhaps be connected to the 3rd DC link or cable.Secondary DC-DC converter 60 2The 4th direct current terminal be connected to second (bearing) DC link 22.DC link 20 and 22 can have any suitable structure (for example, single core, integrated twin-core HVDC cable), and in this bipole arrangement the HV transmission voltage of transmission ± 200kV (1260A).DC link 20 and 22 selectively is connected to the supply network on the bank or the electrical network (not shown) of any type through the mode at AC/DC converter station.
Secondary DC-DC converter 60 1First direct current terminal be connected to first ac line of direct current collection network N1 and N2.Secondary DC-DC converter 60 1Second direct current terminal be connected to secondary DC-DC converter 60 2First direct current terminal.Secondary DC-DC converter 60 1Second direct current terminal and secondary DC-DC converter 60 2First direct current terminal be connected to second ac line of direct current collection network N1 and N2.Secondary DC-DC converter 60 2Second direct current terminal be connected to the 3rd ac line of direct current collection network N1 and N2.
Although do not illustrate; First and second direct current terminals of each secondary DC-DC converter 60 can be connected to direct current collection network N1 and N2 through the mode of no load switch or dc circuit breaker, thereby allow cluster C1 and C2 breaking down or safeguarding or can between direct current collection network and HVDC transmission line, break off when repairing.
The interconnection of remaining cluster C3, C4...C14 and relevant secondary DC-DC converter thereof is to arrange in the same manner.Each secondary DC-DC converter 60 is all worked under parallel way and is separate.This customized configuration is usually preferably suitable for the interconnection of many HVDC terminal applies or several wind energy turbine set.
The 8th electric power acquisition and the transfer system of the offshore wind turbine field that is used for 504MW are described referring now to Figure 13 and Figure 14.
The 8th electric power acquisition is identical with transmission system with above-mentioned first electric power acquisition to a great extent with transmission system, and their difference is that direct current collection network N1, N2...N14 are connected to common DC bus 100 through dc circuit breaker.The detailed configuration of common DC bus 100 has been shown in Figure 14.First and second ac line of the first direct current collection network N1 are connected to first and second ac line a and the b of dc bus 100 through circuit breaker 102, with the first DC-DC converter module 14 in the time series 1First and second direct current terminals be connected to first and second line a and the b of dc bus 100 through circuit breaker 104.Each direct current collection network and DC-DC converter module all are connected to first and second ac line a and the b of dc bus 100 in the same manner.
Dc bus 100 is gone into a link bus or a ring bus through dc circuit breaker 106 interconnection.
Similarly common DC bus for example can be used for Fig. 4 and interchangeable direct current collection network and DC-DC converter module shown in Figure 5 through adding an other ac line.
Above-mentioned various optional electric power acquisition and transmission system may be summarized as follows:
Cluster:
System can have cluster C1, the C2...Cm of any suitable number, and each cluster has the wind turbine 2 of any suitable number, and this wind turbine 2 has the insertion electric power converter 6 under relevant generator 4 and the appropriate.
Elementary DC-DC converter:
Elementary DC-DC converter can be the DC-DC converter with asymmetric or symmetry class of suitable layout, rated power etc.
The direct current collection network:
Can use two or three ac line (for example, the single-core cable of twin-core or three-core cable or suitable quantity) to realize direct current collection network N1, N2...Nm according to the type of elementary DC-DC converter.The wind turbine 2 of each direct current collection network from relevant cluster C1, C2...Cm receives electric power, and is connected to secondary DC-DC converter and is connected to special DC/dc converter modules alternatively.
Secondary DC-DC converter:
Each secondary DC-DC converter comprises the sequence of a DC-DC converter module 14; As required, these DC-DC converter modules 14 can interconnect at their direct current transmission side and direct current collection network side series, parallel or the mode that combines with series connection and parallel connection.
Like Fig. 1,2,4,5,10, shown in 12 and 13, DC-DC converter module 14 can one be located on single platform and arranges to define a transducer station.Alternately, like Fig. 7, shown in 8 and 9, DC-DC converter module 14 can be distributed in the whole wind turbine field to define a center arrangement.
Being connected between the direct current collection network that is used for arranging at the transducer station and the secondary DC-DC converter:
In Fig. 1, first, second and the tertiary system system shown in 4 and 5, each direct current collection network N1, N2...Nm are directly connected to the special DC/dc converter modules 14 of secondary DC-DC converter 12 respectively.In the 8th system shown in Figure 13, each direct current collection network N1, N2...Nm are connected to the special DC/dc converter modules 14 of secondary DC-DC converter 12 through common DC bus 100.
Respectively in the 6th and the 7th system shown in Figure 10 and 12, (or in pairs) (or the interconnection of secondary DC-DC converter is to 60 to be connected to special-purpose secondary DC-DC converter 60 separately for direct current collection network N1, N2...Nm 1, 60 2).
Being connected between the direct current collection network that is used for center arrangement and the secondary DC-DC converter:
Respectively in the 4th and the 5th system shown in Fig. 7 and 9; Each direct current collection network N1, N2...Nm are directly connected to the special DC/dc converter modules 14 of secondary DC-DC converter, and this special DC/dc converter modules 14 is positioned at the wind turbine 2 of relevant cluster C1, C2...Cm.
The DC-DC converter module:
Each DC-DC converter module comprises the sequence (each DC-DC converter unit is made up of AC/DC converter piece 26, AC/DC converter piece 28 and insertion transformer 30) of a DC-DC converter unit 24; As required, these DC-DC converter unit 24 can interconnect at their direct current transmission side and direct current collection network side series, parallel or the mode that combines with series connection and parallel connection.
The various technical characterictics of understanding easily in each electric power acquisition and the transmission system all can make up according to the mode of design demand according to any appropriate.

Claims (17)

1. electric power acquisition and transmission system; It is used to be grouped into a plurality of energy devices (2) of two or more clusters (C1, C2...Cm), and this electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise: to the direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) of each cluster (C1, C2...Cm);
Elementary DC-DC converter (8), it is placed in each energy device (2) and is connected with direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm);
First and second DC links (20,22); And
Secondary DC-DC converter assembly, it comprises the one or more secondary DC-DC converter (12 that is connected between direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) and first and second DC links (20,22); 60).
2. electric power acquisition according to claim 1 and transmission system, wherein one or more secondary DC-DC converters (12; 60) each comprises the DC-DC converter module (14 of an interconnection 1, 14 2... 14 k) sequence.
3. electric power acquisition according to claim 2 and transmission system, wherein each DC-DC converter module (14 1, 14 2... 14 k) have first and second direct current terminals that are connected with the ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) (16a, 16b).
4. electric power acquisition according to claim 2 and transmission system, wherein each DC-DC converter module (14 1, 14 2... 14 k) have first and second direct current terminals that the mode through public direct-current distribution bus or handover network is connected with the ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) (16a, 16b).
5. electric power acquisition according to claim 1 and transmission system; Wherein each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) is connected to the independent secondary DC-DC converter (60) of secondary DC-DC converter assembly; This secondary DC-DC converter (60) is parallel to first and second DC links (20,22).
6. electric power acquisition according to claim 2 and transmission system, the wherein first DC-DC converter module (14 in the sequence 1) have the 3rd a direct current terminal (18a that is connected with first DC link (20) 1) and with sequence in next DC-DC converter module (14 2) the 3rd direct current terminal (18a 2) the 4th direct current terminal (18b that connects 1).
7. electric power acquisition according to claim 6 and transmission system are wherein removed last DC-DC converter module (14 in the sequence k) outside each DC-DC converter module (14 1, 14 2... 14 (k-1)) all have with sequence in the 3rd direct current terminal (18a of next DC-DC converter module 2, 18a 3... 18a k) the 4th direct current terminal (18b that connects 1, 18b 2... 18b (k-1)); And
Last DC-DC converter module (14 in the sequence wherein k) have the 4th a direct current terminal (18b that is connected with second DC link (22) k).
8. electric power acquisition according to claim 6 and transmission system, wherein the DC-DC converter module (14 of interconnection 1, 14 2... 14 k) each comprise the DC-DC converter unit (24 of an interconnection 1, 24 2... 24 P) sequence.
9. electric power acquisition according to claim 8 and transmission system, wherein the DC-DC converter unit (24 of each interconnection 1, 24 2... 24 P) comprising: transformer (30); The AC/DC converter piece (26) that is connected with the primary coil of transformer (30); And the AC/DC converter piece (28) that is connected with the secondary coil of transformer (30).
10. electric power acquisition according to claim 9 and transmission system, the wherein first DC-DC converter unit (24 in the sequence 1) AC/DC converter piece (26 1) have first a direct current terminal (32a that is connected with first ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) 1) and with sequence in next DC-DC converter unit (24 2) AC/DC converter piece (26 2) the first direct current terminal (32a 2) the second direct current terminal (32b that connects 1).
11. electric power acquisition according to claim 10 and transmission system are wherein removed last DC-DC converter unit (24 in the sequence P) outside each DC-DC converter unit (24 1, 24 2... 24 (P-1)) AC/DC converter piece (26 1, 26 2... 26 (p-1)) all have with sequence in next DC-DC converter unit (24 2, 24 3... 24 P) AC/DC converter piece (26 2, 26 3... 26 p) the first direct current terminal (32a 2, 32a 3... 32a P) the second direct current terminal (32b that connects 1, 32b 2... 32b (P-1)); And
A DC-DC converter unit (24 is wherein arranged most in the sequence P) AC/DC converter piece (26 P) have second a direct current terminal (32b that is connected with second ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) P).
12. electric power acquisition according to claim 9 and transmission system, wherein each DC-DC converter unit (24 in the sequence 1, 24 2... 24 P) AC/DC converter piece (26 1, 26 2... 26 p) all have first a direct current terminal (32a that is connected with first ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) 1, 32a 2... 32a P) and the second direct current terminal (32b that connects with second ac line of identical direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) 1, 32b 2... 32b P).
13. electric power acquisition according to claim 9 and transmission system are wherein removed last DC-DC converter unit (24 in the sequence P) outside each DC-DC converter unit (24 1, 24 2... 24 (P-1)) AC/DC converter piece (28 1, 28 2... 28 (p-1)) all have with sequence in next DC-DC converter unit (24 2, 24 3... 24 P) AC/DC converter piece (28 2, 28 3... 28 p) the first direct current terminal (34a 2, 34a 3... 34a P) the second direct current terminal (34b that connects 1, 34b 2... 324 (P-1)).
14. electric power acquisition according to claim 9 and transmission system, wherein each DC-DC converter unit (24 1, 24 2... 24 P) AC/DC converter piece (28 1, 28 2... 28 p) all have first a direct current terminal (34a that is connected with the 3rd direct current terminal (18a) of each DC-DC converter module (14) 1, 34a 2... 34a P) and the second direct current terminal (34b that is connected with the 4th direct current terminal (18b) of each DC-DC converter module (14) 1, 34b 2... 34b P).
15. electric power acquisition according to claim 2 and transmission system, wherein DC-DC converter module (14) is located on single platform.
16. electric power acquisition according to claim 2 and transmission system, wherein each DC-DC converter module (14) is positioned at an energy device (2) separately.
17. the method for electrical power for operation collection and transmission system; This electric power acquisition and transmission system are used to be grouped into a plurality of energy devices (2) of two or more clusters (C1, C2...Cm), and this electric power acquisition and transmission system comprise: to the direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) of each cluster (C1, C2...Cm); Elementary DC-DC converter (8), it is placed in each energy device (2) and is connected with direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm); First and second DC links (20,22); And secondary DC-DC converter assembly, it comprises the one or more secondary DC-DC converter (12 that is connected between direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) and first and second DC links (20,22); 60), wherein one or more secondary DC-DC converters (12; 60) each comprises the DC-DC converter module (14 of an interconnection 1, 14 2... 14 k) sequence, each DC-DC converter module (14 1, 14 2... 14 k) have first and second direct current terminal (16a that the mode through public direct-current distribution bus or handover network is connected with the ac line of each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm); 16b), this public direct-current distribution bus or handover network comprise the relevant direct current/dc converter modules (14 that is positioned at each direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) and direct current collection network 1, 14 2... 14 k) between switch (102,104) and the switch (106) that direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) is isolated from each other, wherein, public direct-current distribution bus or handover network can be configured to provide at least one in the following operator scheme:
(a) allow when being isolated from each other arbitrarily or all direct current collection networks (N1, N2...Nm) and DC-DC converter module (14 at direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) 1, 14 2... 14 k) between point-to-point flow of power;
(b) allow from least one direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) at least one DC-DC converter module (14 1, 14 2... 14 k) flow of power;
(c), at least one direct current collection network allows a plurality of direct current collection networks (N1, N2...Nm) and a plurality of DC-DC converter modules (14 when being isolated 1, 14 2... 14 k) between flow of power;
(d), at least one DC-DC converter module allows a plurality of direct current collection networks (N1, N2...Nm) and a plurality of DC-DC converter modules (14 when being isolated 1, 14 2... 14 k) between flow of power; And
(e) allow direct current collection network (N1, N2...Nm) and their relevant direct current/dc converter modules (14 1, 14 2... 14 k) between flow of power, these DC-DC converter modules (14 wherein 1, 14 2... 14 k) will be electrically connected as single island or a plurality of electric isolated island.
CN2011100339178A 2011-01-28 2011-01-28 Power collection and transmission system Pending CN102623986A (en)

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