CN102611716B - Method, device and system for transmitting media file - Google Patents
Method, device and system for transmitting media file Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供一种媒体呈现描述文件的生成方法，其包括以下步骤：确定在媒体呈现过程中需要重复呈现的媒体内容；生成第一数据单元，所述第一数据单元包括媒体内容的元数据，用以描述首次呈现的媒体内容；所述媒体内容包括所述需要重复呈现的媒体内容；生成第二数据单元，所述第二数据单元包括媒体索引标识，用以描述重复呈现的所述媒体内容；所述媒体索引标识用于索引所述第一数据单元中的媒体内容以获取所述重复呈现的媒体内容；将所述的第一数据单元和第二数据单元组成媒体呈现描述文件。本发明实施例通过第二数据单元中的媒体索引标识来索引第一数据单元中的媒体内容从而获得需要重复出现的媒体内容，从而较小媒体呈现描述文件的大小。
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a media presentation description file, which includes the following steps: determining the media content that needs to be presented repeatedly during the media presentation process; generating a first data unit, the first data unit including the metadata of the media content Data, used to describe the media content presented for the first time; the media content includes the media content that needs to be presented repeatedly; generate a second data unit, the second data unit includes a media index identifier, used to describe the repeatedly presented media content Media content: the media index identifier is used to index the media content in the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content; the first data unit and the second data unit are combined into a media presentation description file. In the embodiment of the present invention, the media content in the first data unit is indexed by the media index identifier in the second data unit to obtain the media content that needs to appear repeatedly, thereby reducing the size of the media presentation description file.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to network media transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting media files.
Background
In an adaptive media delivery system, in order to accommodate changes in network bandwidth and flexibly add additional media segments, a media file is typically divided into temporally contiguous and non-overlapping media segments. The media segments are stored on a server and can be independently accessed by the receiving end. The receiving end can select media segments with different versions (rate, resolution, view angle, etc.) according to the actual condition of the network or the receiving end, and can switch transmission among different media segments according to the change of network bandwidth or the condition of the receiving end. A media segment may belong to a meta-original media file or may be a new media segment added during media transmission, such as an advertisement segment added by a service provider after the meta-original file is generated. These added advertising media segments may be reused multiple times during a complete media service. In addition, in the news broadcast, some media segments of hot news and emergencies can be played again within a certain period of time. These repeated media segments are reused and transmitted on the network, which occupies limited network resources and reduces the system performance of the adaptive media and the experience quality of the user.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for generating a media presentation description file, a method and a device for acquiring the media file, a media file transmission system and a data structure of the media presentation description file.
A method of generating a media presentation description file, comprising the steps of:
determining media content which needs to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process;
generating a first data unit comprising metadata of media content to describe the first presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
generating a second data unit, the second data unit including a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content;
and forming the first data unit and the second data unit into a media presentation description file.
A method for acquiring a media file comprises the following steps:
receiving a media presentation description file;
the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
and acquiring the media contents needing to be repeatedly presented in the media contents described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit.
A media presentation description file generation apparatus, comprising:
a media presentation description file generation apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a content identification module to determine media content repeatedly presented during a media presentation;
the data unit generating module is used for generating a first data unit, wherein the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
the data unit generating module is further configured to generate a second data unit, where the second data unit includes a media index identifier, and is used to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content;
and the file generation module is used for forming the first data unit and the second data unit into a media presentation description file.
A media file acquisition device, comprising:
a receiving module for receiving a media presentation description file; the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; and
and the media content acquisition module is used for acquiring the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit.
A transmission system of media files, comprising:
the receiving end is used for receiving the media presentation description file; the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; acquiring the media contents which need to be repeatedly presented in the media contents described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit;
the server is used for determining the media content needing to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process; generating a first data unit comprising metadata of media content to describe the first presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; generating a second data unit, the second data unit including a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content; and forming a media presentation description file by the first data unit and the second data unit, and sending the media presentation description file.
A data structure of a media presentation description file used for establishing a transmission relationship between a receiving end and a server end, wherein the data structure comprises a first data unit and a second data unit, the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the second data unit comprises a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index mark is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented, and the receiving end of the media file can obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented through the media index mark in the second data unit.
According to the method and the device for generating the media presentation description file, the method and the device for acquiring the media file, the media file transmission system and the data structure of the media presentation description file, the media content in the first data unit is indexed through the media index identifier in the second data unit so as to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented, so that the metadata of the media content needing to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit, the integrity of the media presentation description file can be ensured, the size of the media presentation description file can be reduced, and network resources occupied by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be further saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a data structure of a media presentation description file according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a media presentation description file according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for generating a media presentation description file according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a media file acquiring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a media file retrieving method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a media presentation description file generation apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a media presentation description file generation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a media file retrieving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a media file retrieving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a media file delivery system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a media presentation description file which is used for establishing a transmission relation between a receiving end and a server end, wherein a data structure comprises a first data unit and a second data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the second data unit comprises a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index mark is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented, and the receiving end of the media file can obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented through the media index mark in the second data unit.
According to the media presentation description file provided by the embodiment of the invention, the media content in the first data unit is indexed through the media index identifier in the second data unit so as to obtain the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented, so that the metadata of the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit, the integrity of the media presentation description file can be ensured, the size of the media presentation description file can be reduced, and the network resources occupied by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be further saved.
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a data structure of a media presentation description file 100 is a schematic diagram, where the media presentation description file 100 is an information list for describing a plurality of media content segments constituting a complete media program, and the media presentation description file 100 provides a receiving end to select media content segments meeting requirements, such as media file segments with specific bit rate, resolution or language and audio, by defining information related to a media program. The media presentation description file 100 also typically contains information for accessing media content segments, and with such information for accessing media content segments, a receiving end can access a certain media content segment through the uniform resource locator. Since the meta start data of the media program file is very large in volume, directly transmitting the meta start data of the media program file through the network occupies a large amount of storage space and requires a high transmission bandwidth, resulting in a huge resource consumption. In order to transmit a media program file to a receiving end in real time by using reasonable resources under the existing network resource condition, the media program file is compressed, segmented and transmitted in the prior art; the main purpose of compression is to reduce the data volume of the media program file, which is convenient for transmission; the compressed media file is divided into a plurality of compressed media content segments, thus dividing the whole media program file into a plurality of small-sized compressed media content segments, the compressed media content packets can be continuously transmitted to a receiving end through a traditional network in a streaming way, after the receiving end receives the compressed media content packets, the compressed media content packets are temporarily stored in a buffer, when the compressed media content packets are buffered for a certain time or the data in the buffer reach a certain amount, the receiving end/the receiving end can decompress the received compressed media content packets, extract the corresponding media content segments, use a proper decoding tool to decode the media content and then display/play the media, the viewed media content segments can be deleted from the buffer, thereby releasing the buffer space to obtain new compressed media content packets, in this way, online real-time viewing of media programs can be achieved. The streaming of the media file needs to establish a correct file transmission relationship between a receiving end and a server end (a server for compressing the media file and distributing the compressed packet), which needs to provide a media presentation description file 100, where the media presentation description file 100 usually includes a plurality of data units, and the metadata units include some common attributes, such as compression mode, encoding mode, copyright information, etc., and some specific attributes, such as start-stop time, location, etc., and these common attributes and specific attributes are all used to enable the receiving end to obtain the corresponding media content, and to decompress, decode, and play the obtained media content by adopting a correct decompression and decoding mode. Although various attributes defined in the existing media presentation description file 100 can enable a compressed packet of media content to be transmitted to a receiving end correctly and orderly, with the development of network media and the diversification of media programs, it is found that the existing media presentation description file 100 often includes some redundant information, such as the same media content that is repeatedly presented, since the same media content that is reused cannot be identified through the attributes included in the existing media presentation description file 100, this not only causes the data size of the media presentation description file 100 itself to be large, causes the buffering time when the receiving end watches a streaming media program to be long, but also needs to repeatedly transmit the same media content through a network, thereby causing the waste of network resources and the reduction of transmission efficiency. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention provide a media presentation description file 100 to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In the media presentation description file 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the media presentation description file 100 includes a plurality of data units 110, the data units 110 are used to describe media contents in different time ranges, and the data units 110 are recorded in the media presentation description file 100 according to the sequence of the described media contents in the media presentation process.
Each of the data units 110 includes:
a selectively configurable data description part 112, configured to store media metadata of the described media content, so that a receiving end obtains the media content described by the data description part according to the content in the data description part, thereby implementing presentation of the media content; and
a media content identifier 114 for storing a media content identifier for uniquely identifying the media content described by the data unit. It should be understood that the data description part 112 and the media content identification part 114 are only the name of a certain data segment virtualized for facilitating understanding of the specific structure of the media presentation description file 100, and do not represent that the data segments in the media presentation description file 100 necessarily have the names of the data description part 112 or the media content identification part 114, for example, or that the data segments included in the data description part 112 and the media content identification part 114 may be arranged in a specific order without being given a name.
The data description portion 112 is used to store the characteristics of the media content, such as metadata, storage location, and playing time of the media content. The media content stored in the data description part 112 is characterized by data describing the media content and its environment, and provides a standard and universal description method and a search tool for distributed and various media file contents and media content segment sets. Specifically, the characteristics of the media content may describe attributes of the storage location, playing time, compression ratio, resolution, code rate composition, and the like of the corresponding media file. In order to meet different customer requirements and adapt to different bandwidth limitations in a media transmission system, a complete media program is compressed and cut into a plurality of media content compression packets along a presenting/playing time axis of the complete media program, each media content compression packet is endowed with certain attributes, the attributes are used for being identified by a server and a receiving end and being obtained, and the media content compression packets are transmitted to the receiving end through a continuous transmission mode on the network; meanwhile, each content compression packet can also prepare a plurality of versions according to different resolutions and code rates to adapt to different user requirements; the plurality of media content compression packages form a media content resource library; when a user sends a media program request, a server side dynamically configures media content meeting the requirements of the client according to the requirements of the client, the media content is a set of a plurality of media content segments, the server extracts the characteristics/attributes of the plurality of media content segments and combines the characteristics/attributes into a media presentation description file to be sent to a receiving side, and the receiving side can acquire required media metadata according to the content in a data description part of the media presentation description file.
The media content identifier 114 is used to store the media content identifier. The media content identifier in the media content identifier 114 is used to uniquely identify the media content described by the data unit containing the media content identifier 116, i.e. the data units describing different media contents have different media content identifiers. It should be noted that, since the media contents described by different data units are presented in different timing sequences or order during the media presentation process, the media contents described by the data units in the embodiments of the present invention do not include descriptions of the media content presentation/playing time or order for the sake of no distinction.
In the media presentation description file provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the data unit 110 is divided into a first data unit 130 and a second data unit 150. Wherein,
wherein the first data unit 130 includes metadata of media content, which is stored in the data description part 132 of the first data unit 130 to describe the first-presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
the second data unit 150 comprises a media index identifier, which may be stored in the data description portion 152 of the second data unit 150 to describe the media content that is repeatedly presented; the media index mark is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented, and the receiving end of the media file can obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented through the media index mark in the second data unit.
The media content identifiers are set in the media content identifiers 134 and 154 of the first data unit 130 and the second data unit 150, wherein it is understood that the media content identifiers can be used as key values in the index identifiers of the second data unit 150 to establish the corresponding relationship between the second data unit 150 and the first data unit 130. Furthermore, it should be noted that the first data unit 130 and the second data unit 150 described herein should be understood as representing a media data unit describing a first presented media content and a data unit describing a second presented same media content, and the above description should not be understood as being limited to the media presentation description file including only one data unit describing a repeatedly presented media content and one data unit describing a repeatedly presented media content.
According to the media presentation description file 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the media content in the first data unit 130 is indexed by the media index identifier in the second data unit 150 to obtain the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented, so that metadata of the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit 150, the integrity of the media presentation description file 100 can be ensured, and the size of the media presentation description file 100 can be reduced, thereby further saving network resources occupied by the media presentation description file 100 in the transmission process.
Furthermore, after the transmission relationship is established between the receiving end and the server through the media presentation description file 100, in order to enable the receiving end to identify which data unit describes the media content segment to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process, the media content segment to be repeatedly presented is stored so as to reduce the resources occupied in the media content presentation process; the data unit 110 of the media presentation description file 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a selectively added repeat identifier, and the selectively added repeat identifier described in this embodiment may be stored in a reuse identification portion 116, and the reuse identifier is used to identify whether the media content described by the data unit including the reuse identifier is repeatedly presented in the media presentation process, i.e., is reused. For example, if the reuse identifier is False/Null, it indicates that the media content described by the data unit 110 is not repeatedly presented in the media presentation process; if the reuse identifier in the reuse identifier 116 is True, it indicates that the media content described by the data unit 110 will be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process.
Specifically, the first data unit 130 further includes a reuse identifier 136, where the reuse identifier 136 is used to store a reuse identifier, and the reuse identifier is used to identify the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented in the first data unit, so that the receiving end stores the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented according to the reuse identifier. By setting the reuse identifier, the media content described by the first data unit 130 can be identified from the media presentation description file 100 to be reused, so that the receiving end can store the media content described by the first data unit to a position where the receiving end can quickly access, such as a local disk, a cache, or a memory card, according to the reuse identifier, so as to directly access the stored media content when the same media content needs to be presented in the subsequent media presentation process, and no download from the media server end through a network is needed, so as to save network resources. For example, during the playing process of the media program, the media program provider will insert the same advertisement in the program for a plurality of times, the content of the advertisement is identical, but the time of the advertisement is different, in this case, a reuse identifier indicating reuse is set in the reuse identification portion 136 in the first data unit 130 describing the advertisement portion that appears for the first time, for example, in the following format: true, the receiving end will store the advertisement content to be reused according to the reuse identifier, and directly call the stored advertisement content in the subsequent reuse, so as to avoid the need of obtaining the advertisement with the same content through the media server again.
The attribute indicating that the media content described by the first data unit 130 is to be reused, that is, the reuse identifier, is added to the media presentation description file 100, the media content to be reused can be identified through the reuse identifier, the reused media content can be stored when the media content to be reused is acquired, and the reused and stored media content is directly called in a subsequent reuse process, so that the waste of network resources caused by the repeated transmission of the same media content through a network is avoided, the network transmission efficiency is improved, and the client experience quality of a receiving end is improved.
Furthermore, a data unit describing repeated presentation may also be considered to be presented for the first time in some cases, in which case, in the second data unit 150 in the embodiment of the present invention, the reuse identifier is also required to be set to let the receiving end know that the media content described in the second data unit 150 will be presented, and the reuse identifier is set in a reuse identification portion 156. Furthermore, the reuse identifier in the second data unit 150 can also enable the receiving end to know that the same media content will be presented several times in the whole media presentation process to decide whether to delete the media content stored locally to release the local storage space, specifically, with reference to the media presentation time, the reuse identifier of the second data unit 150 that last describes the repeatedly presented media content indicates that the described media content of the second data unit 150 will not be repeatedly presented, and the reuse identifiers of the second data units 150 that describe the same repeatedly presented media content except the second data unit 150 that last describes the repeatedly presented media content all indicate that the described media content of the second data unit 150 will be repeatedly presented.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for generating the media presentation description file, which comprises the following steps:
determining media content which needs to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process;
generating a first data unit comprising metadata of media content to describe the first presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
generating a second data unit, the second data unit including a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content;
and forming the first data unit and the second data unit into a media presentation description file.
According to the method for generating the media presentation description file provided by the embodiment of the invention, the media content in the first data unit is indexed through the media index identifier in the second data unit so as to obtain the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented, so that the metadata of the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit, the integrity of the media presentation description file can be ensured, the size of the media presentation description file can be reduced, and the network resources occupied by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be further saved.
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method 200 for generating a media presentation description file, which includes the following steps:
201. determining media content which needs to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process;
in this step, since the media program provider inserts the same media content, such as an advertisement, for a plurality of times in the same media program while making the media program, the periodically inserted media content and other parts of the media program are continuously distributed on the time axis to form a complete program content with a certain duration. The complete program content is often stored in a plurality of different addresses under the current distributed storage architecture, when the server receives the requirement of acquiring the corresponding media program, a plurality of media program segments, namely position information of the content of the media content segments and various attribute information of the media content are collected from the plurality of different storage addresses to be the media metadata, and the media presentation description file is produced in the next step on the basis of the media metadata. When the media presentation description file is made, the server needs to identify the media contents to be repeatedly presented in the media program presentation process according to the contents of the media program or the contents of the media metadata, so as to decide how to organize the original data describing the media contents into one media presentation description file.
202. Generating a first data unit comprising metadata of media content to describe the first presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
in this step, the original data of the media content presented for the first time is recorded according to a certain format, so as to generate a first data unit, and the first data unit includes metadata of the media content. The media content comprises media content needing to be presented repeatedly and media content not needing to be presented repeatedly.
203. Generating a second data unit, the second data unit including a media index identification to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content;
in this step, a second data unit is generated, where the second data unit includes a media index identifier, and the media index identifier is mainly used to identify what the media content described in the second data unit corresponds to which first data unit, so that the index identifier is used to describe the repeatedly presented media content and can index the media content in the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content.
Further, the server may set the same media content identifier in the content identifier of the first data unit and the content identifier of the second data unit describing the same media content, so as to indicate that the media content described in the first data unit and the media content described in the second data unit are the same, and the media content identifier may be used as a key value to construct the index identifier. Here, it should be noted that, when the server collects media metadata corresponding to media content segments, each corresponding media metadata has its own name, but names of media metadata corresponding to the same media content are not necessarily the same, because names of media programs are often changed when distributed storage is adopted, the first data unit and the second data unit describing the same media content need to be given the same media content identifier, so that a corresponding relationship is established between the first data unit and the second data unit through an index identifier constructed by the media content identifier; since the same media content is described, the metadata in the second data unit, that is, the metadata stored in the media description part of the second data unit, does not need to be recorded repeatedly, and the omitted content in the second media data unit can be obtained by identifying the media content as an index, so that the integrity of the media presentation description file is ensured, and the data volume of the media presentation description file is reduced.
204. And forming the first data unit and the second data unit into a media presentation description file.
In this step, the generated first data unit and second data unit are recorded in a file of a certain format, and the recording process may be to arrange the first data unit and second data unit in chronological order during the media presentation.
According to the method for generating the media presentation description file provided by the embodiment of the invention, the media content in the first data unit is indexed through the media index identifier in the second data unit so as to obtain the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented, so that the metadata of the media content which needs to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit, the integrity of the media presentation description file can be ensured, the size of the media presentation description file can be reduced, and the network resources occupied by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be further saved.
Referring to fig. 3, further, a method 200 for generating a media presentation description file according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:
205. setting a reuse identifier in the first data unit, wherein the reuse identifier is used for identifying the media content needing to be repeatedly presented in the first data unit, so that the receiving end stores the media content needing to be repeatedly presented according to the reuse identifier.
The purpose of this step is for the receiving end to recognize from the media presentation description file 100 that the media content described by the first data unit 130 is to be reused, so that the receiving end can store the media content described by the first data unit to a position where the receiving end can quickly retrieve according to the reuse identifier, and thus can quickly retrieve the stored position during the process of reusing the content of the endosome.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring a media file, including the following steps:
receiving a media presentation description file;
the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
and acquiring the media contents needing to be repeatedly presented in the media contents described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit.
In the method for acquiring a media file provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the media content in the first data unit is indexed through the media index identifier in the second data unit in the acquired media presentation description file to acquire the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented, so that metadata of the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented can be prevented from being repeatedly recorded in the second data unit, the integrity of the media presentation description file can be ensured, the size of the media presentation description file can be reduced, and network resources occupied by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be further saved.
Further, the obtaining of the media content required to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit includes: and acquiring metadata of the media content needing to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit, and acquiring the media content needing to be repeatedly presented according to the metadata.
Further, the first data unit includes a reuse identifier for identifying the media content in the first data unit that needs to be repeatedly presented; correspondingly, the media acquisition method further comprises the steps of;
correspondingly, the method for acquiring the media file provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
storing the repeatedly presented media content acquired according to the metadata of the media content in the first data unit in a corresponding storage address according to the reuse identifier of the first data unit, and establishing an index relationship between the storage address and the media index identifier;
correspondingly, the obtaining of the media content needing to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit comprises:
and indexing the storage address according to the media index identifier of the second data unit, and acquiring the media content needing to be repeatedly presented according to the storage address.
In the method for acquiring a media file provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reuse identifier is also set in the media presentation description file to enable the receiving end to identify the media content to be stored, so that when the media content repeatedly presented in the media presentation process is acquired, the corresponding media content does not need to be acquired through a network, and only the stored media content needs to be called, so that the data flow in the media file transmission process can be reduced, and the performance of the adaptive media system and the user experience quality are improved. The detailed description is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method 300 for acquiring a media file, where the method 300 is implemented in a media system including a server, a receiver and a transmission network.
301. Receiving a media presentation description file; the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
302. and acquiring the media contents needing to be repeatedly presented in the media contents described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit.
In this step, the receiving end can obtain the corresponding media content according to the content of the media presentation description file after obtaining the media presentation description file, and since the media presentation description file includes a plurality of data units suitable for different network conditions and user requirements, the receiving end can select an appropriate data unit to obtain the corresponding media content according to the network conditions and the user requirements of the receiving end. For example, when the network state is congested, in order to ensure that the receiving end can view continuous media programs, the receiving end may select a data unit with a large compression ratio and a small data content as a target to obtain corresponding media content, and when the network state is smooth, a data unit with a small compression ratio, a large data content and a clearer program content may be selected as a target to obtain corresponding media content. In the process of acquiring the media content described by the second data unit, the media content to be repeatedly presented in the content described by the first data unit can be acquired through the index mark in the second data unit, so that the metadata of the media content to be repeatedly presented does not need to be repeatedly recorded in the media presentation description file; the data volume of the media presentation description file is reduced, so that the buffering time in the media content presentation process is shortened, and meanwhile, the network resources required by the media presentation description file in the transmission process can be reduced.
Further, the first data unit comprises a reuse identifier for identifying the media content in the first data unit that needs to be repeatedly presented;
correspondingly, referring to fig. 5, the method for acquiring a media file according to the present invention further includes:
303. storing the repeatedly presented media content acquired according to the metadata of the media content in the first data unit in a corresponding storage address according to the reuse identifier of the first data unit, and establishing an index relationship between the storage address and the media index identifier;
in this step, while the media content described by the first data unit is stored, a corresponding relationship is established between the storage address of the media content to be stored and the index identifier of the second data unit, that is, a link relationship may be established between the storage address of the media content described by the first data unit and the index identifier in an index link manner;
accordingly, step 302 is: and indexing the storage address according to the media index identifier of the second data unit, and acquiring the media content needing to be repeatedly presented according to the storage address.
In this step, because the corresponding relationship has been established between the index identifier of the second data unit and the storage address of the media content of the first data unit, when the media content described by the second data unit is acquired, the storage address of the media content can be directly acquired according to the index identifier, and the media content required to be repeatedly presented is acquired from the storage address.
In the process, the receiving end stores the media content described by the first data unit according to the reuse identifier in the first data unit, and finds the stored media content by taking the index identifier as an index when the media content described by the second data unit is acquired, so that the data flow in the transmission process of the media file can be reduced, and the performance of the adaptive media system and the user experience quality are improved.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus 500 for generating a media presentation description file, where the apparatus 500 is configured to implement the method described above, and may be a network media server or a separate device working with the media server, and the apparatus 500 includes:
a content identification module 510 to determine media content that is repeatedly presented during a media presentation;
a data unit generating module 520, configured to generate a first data unit, where the first data unit includes metadata of media content, and is used to describe media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
the data unit generating module 520 is further configured to generate a second data unit, where the second data unit includes a media index identifier, and is used to describe the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content;
and a file generating module 530, configured to compose the first data unit and the second data unit into a media presentation description file.
Further, referring to fig. 7, the media presentation description file generating apparatus 500 further includes a sending module 540, configured to send the media presentation description file to a receiving end;
accordingly, the data unit generating module 520 is further configured to set a reuse identifier in the first data unit, where the reuse identifier is used to identify the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented in the first data unit, so that the receiving end stores the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented according to the reuse identifier.
The implementation mechanism of the apparatus 500 for generating a media presentation description file according to the embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the method for generating a media presentation description file according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 8, another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus 600 for acquiring a media file, where the apparatus 600 is used to implement the method described above, and may be a network media server or a separate device working with the media server, and the apparatus 600 includes:
a receiving module 610, configured to receive a media presentation description file; the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented;
and a media content obtaining module 620, configured to obtain, through the media index identifier of the second data unit, media content that needs to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit.
Further, the media content obtaining module 620 is configured to obtain, through the media index identifier of the second data unit, metadata of media content that needs to be repeatedly presented in the media content described by the first data unit, and obtain, according to the metadata, the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented.
Still further, the first data unit includes a reuse identifier for identifying the media content in the first data unit that needs to be repeatedly presented; correspondingly, referring to fig. 9, the media file acquiring apparatus further includes:
the storage module 630, according to the reuse identifier of the first data unit, stores the repeatedly presented media content obtained according to the metadata of the media content in the first data unit in a corresponding storage address, and establishes an index relationship between the storage address and the media index identifier; correspondingly, the media content acquiring module is configured to index the storage address according to the media index identifier of the second data unit, and acquire the media content that needs to be repeatedly presented according to the storage address.
The implementation mechanism of the apparatus 600 for acquiring a media file according to the embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the method for acquiring a media file according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 10, another embodiment of the present invention provides a system 800 for transmitting a media file, where the system 800 includes a receiving end 810 and a server 820 connected via a network, and the system is also used to implement the method described in the above method embodiments. Wherein,
the receiving end 810 is configured to receive a media presentation description file; the media presentation description file comprises a first data unit, and the first data unit comprises metadata of media content and is used for describing the media content presented for the first time; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; the media presentation description file further comprises a second data unit, and the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identification is used for indexing the media content in the first data unit to obtain the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; acquiring the media contents which need to be repeatedly presented in the media contents described by the first data unit through the media index identification of the second data unit;
the server 820 is used for determining the media content needing to be repeatedly presented in the media presentation process; generating a first data unit comprising metadata of media content to describe the first presented media content; the media content comprises the media content needing to be repeatedly presented; generating a second data unit, wherein the second data unit comprises a media index identifier for describing the repeatedly presented media content; the media index identifies media content used to index into the first data unit to obtain the repeatedly presented media content; and forming a media presentation description file by the first data unit and the second data unit, and sending the media presentation description file.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the present invention may be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware, and certainly may also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be substantially implemented or a part of the technical solutions contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or an optical disk of a computer, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
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| CN105933934A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-09-07 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Multimedia information transmission method and mobile terminal |
| CN109275007B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-11-20 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Processing method and electronic equipment |
| CN110941845A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-31 | 北京锐安科技有限公司 | File acquisition method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN1607832A (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-04-20 | 微软公司 | Inferring information about media stream objects |
| CN101075894A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for repeating multi-medium broadcasting/packet broadcasting service |
| CN101359996A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Media service presentation method, communication system and related equipment |
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| CN1607832A (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-04-20 | 微软公司 | Inferring information about media stream objects |
| CN101075894A (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2007-11-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for repeating multi-medium broadcasting/packet broadcasting service |
| CN101359996A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Media service presentation method, communication system and related equipment |
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