CN102609626A - Intelligent medical service system based on RFID (radio frequency identification devices) and CDM (code division multiplex) technologies - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an intelligent medical service system based on RFID and CDM technology. The system includes the sensory data collection layer, the medical resource management layer and the intelligent medical service provision layer; among them, each module of the sensory data collection layer is integrated into the inside of the smart medicine box as a whole, becoming a family-style smart The terminal, which combines RFID sensing technology and CDM material technology, supports various sensor networks, wireless networks, and 3G/4G networks; one end of the intelligent terminal is connected to the upper intelligent medical service provider layer, and the other end of the intelligent terminal realizes private self-service , including: medication reminders and records, intelligent drug packaging control, physical sign parameter collection and recording, emergency alerts, and remote acquisition of physician opinions; The "centered" nursing model can significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of patient self-care, and greatly save medical resources.

Description

An intelligent medical service system based on RFID and CDM technology

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular relates to an intelligent medical service system based on RFID and CDM technology.

Background technique

1. The traditional medical model and its waste of resources

At present, most domestic hospitals adopt the traditional medical model, and the nursing and recuperation of patients is carried out in the hospital, which requires a lot of manpower and financial resources. Especially for patients with chronic diseases, in the absence of a professional and effective "family-hospital" communication method, they often cannot rest assured to recuperate at home, resulting in the occupation of a large number of medical resources and the low effectiveness of medical care.

At the same time, non-compliance with doctor's advice to take medicine also occurs frequently. The main reasons are untimely communication between doctors and patients, deviations in understanding, memory loss of the elderly, and young people ignoring doctor's orders and illnesses. It can lead to a large amount of waste of medicines, and it can affect the treatment effect and increase the unnecessary recurrence of the disease and the number of follow-up visits. It is an important factor leading to the waste of medical resources.

Statistics show that the waste of medical resources in China has accounted for 30%-40% of the total hospital expenses and 165%-170% of the government's financial medical investment. If we find a way to effectively avoid the waste of resources, we can save medical costs, improve the allocation of medical resources, and alleviate the increasingly serious contradiction between doctors and patients.

2. Current technology and its limitations

General communication technology has played a huge role in saving medical resources, such as the HIS and PCS systems adopted by a large number of tertiary hospitals. The system carries out informatization management of basic medical data, so that medical staff can inquire about patients' diagnosis and treatment records in a timely manner, and store and archive them conveniently. Another example is RFID positioning technology, which affixes unified electronic tags to equipment, personnel, and places inside the hospital to facilitate positioning, searching, distribution, and management.

Although this type of technology has improved the management efficiency of hospitals to a certain extent, they all have serious limitations in the use environment-centered on the hospital. For individual patients, how to ensure that medication is taken on time and daily monitoring is maintained in a home environment is also critical. At present, there is still a lack of a reliable technology that can control the packaging of medicines by analyzing prescriptions, so as to strictly limit the time of taking medicines and standardize the process of taking medicines for patients. Communication technology should fundamentally change the way of communication between "patients" and "hospitals", establish a humanized and reliable means of communication, extend part of the diagnosis, treatment, nursing, monitoring and observation from the hospital to the family, and solve the patient's problems from the source. The over-occupancy of medical staff and the serious waste of a large amount of medicines.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent medical service system capable of saving medical resources, optimizing medical management, and facilitating patient treatment. the

The intelligent medical service system proposed by the present invention is based on a brand-new concept of "patient self-care" and is realized by relying on a three-layer network communication system. The intelligent medical service system can be divided into sensory data acquisition layer, medical resource management layer and intelligent medical service provision layer. in:

The sensing data acquisition layer is composed of modules with different functions such as data acquisition equipment, data computing equipment, data storage equipment, data transmission equipment and drug control equipment. Among them, the data acquisition equipment not only includes existing conventional medical data acquisition equipment, such as blood pressure detectors and heart rate detectors, but also includes new data acquisition equipment combined with new technologies, such as the first invention for collecting patient medication Recordable readable and writable RFID tags. Data computing equipment and data storage equipment are responsible for performing a series of scientific calculations on the collected data, extracting, retaining and integrating effective data to improve the simplicity, readability and professionalism of the data. The data transmission equipment uses a variety of network technologies as the medium to transmit the integrated data to the management of medical resources, which is the basis for effective interaction between doctors and patients.

In the present invention, each module of the sensing data acquisition layer is integrated in the interior of the intelligent medicine box as a whole to become a home-style intelligent terminal, which combines RFID sensing technology and CDM material technology to support various Sensor network, wireless network, 3G/4G network; one end of the smart terminal can be connected to the upper public service platform (such as hospitals, clinics, emergency centers, pharmaceutical production chains, etc.), and the other end of the smart terminal can realize private self-service (such as medication reminder and recording, intelligent drug packaging control, physical sign parameter collection and recording, emergency alarm, remote acquisition of doctor's opinion, etc.), which is equivalent to a small health care station in the patient's home.

The intelligent medical service provider layer serves as the network background of the intelligent medicine box, mainly including professional medical institutions such as hospitals, emergency centers, and drug supply chains. As service providers, these medical institutions need extensive and rich software support to ensure the realization of system functions. Among them, the hospital can provide sign parameter monitoring service, prescription download service, health report push service, medical appointment service, remote diagnosis and treatment service, etc.; emergency center can provide emergency alarm monitoring service, etc.; drug supply chain can provide drug authenticity inquiry service, drug Describe query services, etc. The service provider can set, change, and expand the service content according to actual needs, and the smart medicine box terminal can automatically complete the service synchronization work.

As the transition auxiliary layer between the sensing data collection layer and the medical service provider layer, the medical resource management layer is mainly responsible for the unified monitoring and control of the system, manages and allocates medical resources in a scientific way, and improves its operational efficiency. Since the professional support provided by each institution is different, the management of medical resources needs to identify, count, screen, and classify the information submitted by the data collection layer, and transmit it to the corresponding medical service provider according to the different needs of patients Party, in order to improve the information processing efficiency and feedback efficiency of the service provider. For example, general sign parameter information will be sent to the monitoring room of the hospital. When the doctor finds that the patient's condition has improved significantly by analyzing the sign parameters, a new version of the prescription will be issued and pushed to the smart medicine box. After the smart medicine box receives the prescription information Patients are immediately alerted to content updates. However, when the patient's sign parameters fluctuate sharply and exceed the preset alarm value, it means that the patient has an emergency situation and urgently needs assistance. The smart medicine box will immediately send an alarm data packet with geographic location information and physical sign information, and the resource management will send it to the emergency center for quick medical assistance.

The above-mentioned three-tier platforms perform their own duties, and cooperate to realize specific functions, forming a complete intelligent medical service system, which makes the connection between patients and hospitals closer and the interaction more frequent, which helps to improve the efficiency of treatment.

The intelligent medicine box is located in the data acquisition layer of the intelligent medical service system, and integrates sensing equipment, computing equipment, storage equipment, transmission equipment and medicine control equipment. Its exterior design is a 25cm X 20cm X 15 cm white box with a handle on the outside of the top cover and a red cross logo printed on the box. There are 1 switch button (ON/OFF), 2 RS232 interfaces, 1 USB interface, 1 SD socket, 1 SIM card slot, 1 Ethernet interface, 1 infrared scanner and 1 Three-pin AC plug. The space in the medicine box is column-style, which is convenient for classifying and storing medicines. A 10.1-inch touch-screen LCD screen and a stereo speaker are embedded inside the top cover of the medicine box. The hardware devices in the smart medicine box include 32bit XscaleCPU, WAN adapter, UHF RFID antenna and reader, Zigbee single-chip converter, WIFI antenna, WIFI unit, LCD touch screen, speaker and corresponding application software written in C#. The medicine box supports GSM/GPRS communication and 3G network communication (domestic: TD-SCDMA; European: WCDMA), the specific standards are:

WCDMA:

1.HSDPA (7.2Mbps downlink), HSUPA (5.76Mbps uplink)

2. UMTS (384kbps up/down)

3. EDGE (236.8kbps up/down) 800/1700/2100MHz bandwidth

TD-SCDMA:

1. TD-HSDPA (2.8Mbps downlink) 1900/2100MHz bandwidth

Due to the special function of the smart medicine box, the RFID signal must be strictly bound inside the box. Here, a metal electromagnetic shielding method is adopted: that is, the three sides of the smart medicine box are covered with metal shielding layers to prevent signal leakage. , leaving only one side to communicate with the outside world. At the same time, the antenna of the RFID reader is U-shaped and evenly distributed on the bottom of the box, so that it can evenly read the drug RFID tag signal at any position in the box. the

The hardware architecture of the smart medicine box is a mesh multi-core architecture (multi-core system based on 2D-Mesh-NoC) integrated on the chip, which is mainly composed of two parts, namely the main system (smart medicine box) and the slave systems (smart sensor labels, smart drug packaging). Among them, the backbone system supports nine functions: audio, video, WAN, WSN, real-time ECG, real-time pre-diagnosis, task management, RFID management and other real-time items. Each function has its own dedicated CPU processor, converter and hardware unit, which together build a multi-node interconnection structure. The slave system is divided into two parts: "smart sensor label" and "smart drug packaging". "Smart sensor label" is composed of sensor, microprocessor MCU, battery, radio frequency RF converter and antenna, "smart drug packaging" is composed of CDM array, battery, DC-DC converter, energy harvester, FSM, radio frequency RF conversion device and antenna. The slave subsystem communicates wirelessly with the main system (that is, the intelligent medicine box) through the antenna, and accepts unified distribution management.

The smart medicine box has a matching RFID magnetic card, which records the user's personal information, and the user can log in to the medicine box system by swiping the card. After the medicine box reads the patient's ID number, it communicates with the server through the 3G network, retrieves and downloads the patient information, doctor information, and prescription information from the corresponding hospital SQL database (located at the medical service provider layer), and stores them in the memory , keep it updated regularly.

In the electronic prescription provided by the doctor, the following data should be included: the ID of the medicine that the patient should take, the quantity of the medicine to be taken, and the schedule of taking the medicine. When a complete prescription needs to be generated for patients to download, the system will automatically query the drug database and match the name, model, code, specification and other information of the drug according to the drug ID. This information should be exactly the same as the data provided by the drug manufacturer, so that when the medicine is put into the smart medicine box, the medicine box can compare the data and accurately identify the medicine purchased by the patient.

When the medicine is put into the smart medicine box, the distributed U-shaped RFID reader antenna at the bottom of the box will read the RFID tag on the package through a fixed frequency refresh method, record the pre-stored medicine information, and issue a The electronic prescription is verified and compared. When the comparison results show that the same drug exists in the electronic prescription, the smart medicine box will complete a series of registration, recording, query, and analysis tasks in the background to realize intelligent, automated, and systematic drug management. ``

At the same time, the smart medicine box can also communicate with the drug manufacturer to obtain the complete production process information of the drug, so as to effectively identify counterfeit drugs and ensure the personal safety of patients.

When the smart medicine box completes the correspondence, confirmation, and input operations of medicines and prescriptions, it will switch to the medicine reminder function. First, the LCD screen will display detailed medication information. The main interface adopts bright colors and simple design, which makes it clear to patients at a glance, and the colors and fonts can be reset according to patients' preferences. The title bar of the interface includes three items of information, namely "patient name", "date (left and right arrows are used to turn the page)" and "time", and the bottom column includes the doctor's name, doctor's contact information and doctor's order. The main table in the middle of the interface lists all the medicines and medication notes that the patient needs to take that day in descending order of time. Each medicine occupies one row, and each row contains three columns, which are the name of the medicine, the time of taking the medicine, and the dosage for a single dose. There is a smiley face mark before the line of the medicine that has been taken, and there is no mark for the medicine that has not been taken, and the next medicine to be taken will be enlarged and displayed in the form of a highlighted line.

When the system time of the smart medicine box reaches the prescribed time for taking the medicine in the electronic prescription, the medicine box will actively remind the patient to take the medicine. The reminder function is designed to fully consider the physiological defects of some of the patients, such as the hearing and vision deficiencies of the elderly, blind and deaf-mute. Flashing screens, flashing lights, beeping or playing music from speakers, vibrating smart tags on patients, etc.

After taking the medicine, the patient can feed back information to the medicine box through the interactive button on the screen (YES means it has been taken, NO means it has not been taken), and the smart medicine box can record the details of taking the medicine and feed it back to the doctor.

In addition, for drugs used to treat severe chronic diseases that require strict limits on the time and quantity of medication taken, the drug packaging adopts CDM technology and RFID technology, that is, intelligent drug packaging is used, so that the smart medicine box can control the drug packaging , and record in detail the time, type and amount of medicine taken by the patient.

The intelligent pharmaceutical packaging, that is, the intelligent pharmaceutical packaging system based on CDM technology and RFID technology, is composed of CDM materials, RFID tags, RFID readers, near-field coils, DC converters, batteries, medical cards and microcircuits, and can accept RFID command control, automatic detection and recording of various medication behaviors of patients (including correct steps and illegal operations), including opening the package, taking the medicine, forgetting to take the medicine, destroying the medicine, discarding the medicine, etc., and ensuring the time of taking the medicine The dosage and dose are strictly controlled, which can effectively prevent the phenomenon of taking medicine in advance or overdosing.

As a key part of intelligent pharmaceutical packaging, CDM (Controlled Delamination Material) presents a three-layer structure of "aluminum foil-epoxy adhesive-aluminum foil". The upper and lower layers of aluminum foil are respectively connected to the voltage output terminal and ground of the monitor At the end, the epoxy adhesive is super viscous and can withstand a pressure of 211 kg/cm2 (21Gpa) at room temperature. The entire three-layer material is tightly adhered and is difficult to be peeled off. It is used to replace traditional single-layer aluminum foil packaging and is attached to the edge of traditional packaging, such as the aluminum foil of capsule closures. Only when the voltage between the two layers of aluminum foil exceeds the threshold Vd and lasts longer than the threshold Td, the epoxy adhesive will undergo an electrochemical reaction to soften. If the opening instruction is not received, the patient will not be able to open it with external force without authorization.

There is also an RFID label printed on the drug packaging, which stores the detailed information of the drug. Under normal conditions, the medicine is placed in the smart medicine box, and the RFID reader antenna at the bottom of the box will read the tag repeatedly at a fixed frequency to confirm the presence of the medicine. The tag technology combines a CMOS integrated circuit and a coil antenna. The way to get power is to place the antenna in an electromagnetic field and obtain the master clock from the electromagnetic field in the same area. By switching the modulating current on and off, the chip will send back an 8-bit Manchester encoded ID number stored in a pre-programmed memory array. In order to meet the two-way communication requirements of the system, the present invention adopts the second generation RFID.

The RFID reader is a CMOS integrated RFID transceiver circuit. The RFID reader does not have any external crystal oscillator, and obtains the resonant frequency suitable for the antenna through the internal phase-locked loop PLL. Like a base station, it makes the antenna work at the carrier frequency, modulates and demodulates the antenna signal synchronously, and communicates with the microprocessor through a simple interface. It is driven by a 5V DC supply and operates at a low frequency of 100 kHz to 150 kHz.

Charge Pump Current Mode Pulse Width Modulated Step-Up DC-DC Converter with an input voltage range from 2.5V to 10V and an adjustable output voltage up to 30V. Because the output voltage from the microcontroller is only 3V, usually more than 20V DC is needed to open a controlled layering material, if the charge pump is enabled, it will boost the voltage from 3V to 30V and send it to the package.

The medical card is a large-capacity, programmable second-generation RFID tag. Medical cards are inactive until information is received in medical packaging. When a read signal is received from the RFID reader, the medical card is activated and an ID number is sent out. If the ID numbers match, the medical package sends another read command to the medical card, which then sends all of the patient's medication information to the package. Finally, when the information stored in the package changes, the medical card can be approached to obtain the updated information in the package.

Since the medicine package is equipped with an RFID chip, and the RFID reader antenna at the bottom of the box will repeatedly read all the labels in the medicine box at a fixed frequency, so when the medicine is taken out by the patient, the RFID reader can immediately find out which one is missing. and check the pre-stored medication information and current time in the medicine cabinet. If the feedback information shows that the patient should take the drug currently, the system will select which pill to open on the tablet package according to certain rules, and display it in the form of a simulated graphic on the main screen to inform the patient, and then through the RFID reader Send an opening command to the pharmaceutical packaging. The resonant coil on the medicine package receives the opening command and transfers it to the MCU to complete the information processing. The MCU then controls the DC-DC converter to convert the 3V voltage provided by the battery to 30V or higher (greater than the turn-on threshold voltage Vd) and maintain it for a threshold time Td. The epoxy adhesive dissolves under the action of the voltage, so that the patient can take out the medicine by himself, avoiding the phenomenon of overdose and taking medicine in advance.

The CDM drug packaging has tiny printed circuits and selectors printed on it. The selector enables the drug to be granulated and controlled, and the printing circuit can confirm the current state of the drug. The specific method is: when the drug has not been taken out, the CDM material is intact, the printing circuit is all connected, and the current signal exists. When a certain drug is taken out, the CDM material in this area is damaged, so the printed circuit in this area is also cut off, and the current disappears. The missing current signal can mark the number and location of the pills that the patient has taken, and feed back to the medicine box through the transmitting antenna on the package, as a reference for choosing which pill to open next time, and can also be fed back to the doctor as the patient’s Proof of taking medication on time and in the right amount.

In addition, when making intelligent pharmaceutical packaging, RFID tags need to be attached to the aluminum foil, and the standard EPC C1G2 tag will be shielded from the original signal by the electromagnetic waves reflected by the aluminum foil without strengthening the anti-metal interference capability. A solution is adopted here, that is, to print a bare antenna on the edge of the package that does not touch the aluminum foil, so that the signal can be transmitted and received normally. This method is also applicable to wireless powered CDM packaging with aluminum foil outer layer.

In addition to intelligent drug packaging, combined with smart label technology, the smart medicine box also has the function of daily monitoring. The patient wears a professional smart label iTag, which communicates with the smart medicine box through the wireless sensor network WSN, and can monitor the patient's daily behavior and physical parameters at any time, such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure, blood oxygen content, respiratory oxygen content, blood sugar content, body weight, etc. table temperature etc. All sensory information will be regularly pushed to the monitoring room of the hospital for real-time monitoring by medical staff. If the patient feels unwell, he can also press the convenient button to activate the human voice recognizer, speak out his subjective feelings and send the audio information to the hospital for help from the doctor.

In addition, the smart medicine box has a built-in reliable real-time data processing algorithm that has been proved by experiments, and can perform basic pre-diagnosis for patients at the first time and at the first place based on the collected physical signs and health parameters, give reasonable suggestions, and Provide valuable reference for follow-up medical treatment. The efficiency and quality of traditional real-time pre-diagnosis is relatively low due to the lack of medical facilities or insufficient allocation of medical personnel. The emergence of intelligent real-time pre-diagnosis will greatly improve this situation. The smart medicine box can also integrate a series of illegal operation records, body parameter monitoring data, patients' subjective feelings and instant pre-diagnosis results, and send them to the public service platform to obtain timely professional feedback and guidance from doctors. At the same time, the smart medicine box keeps in communication with the service platform of the emergency center. Once the smart label worn by the patient detects an emergency, such as acute allergic reaction, myocardial infarction, etc., the smart medicine box will send out a help alarm at the first time (or by The patient controls the alarm by himself). The alert includes patient location and condition type information, which can assist the emergency center to carry out targeted and efficient rescue. This function can effectively prevent patients who are alone at home from missing the opportunity to call the police and delay treatment. At the same time, emergency doctors only need to query the smart medicine box to obtain the patient's past medication records and physical parameter records as precious information for rescue.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows the three-layer network communication structure of the smart medicine box.

Figure 2 shows the specific functions of the smart medicine box.

Figure 3 shows the appearance design of the smart medicine box.

Figure 4 shows the internal structure of the smart medicine box.

Figure 5 is the main user interface of the smart medicine box.

Figure 6 shows the multi-core network architecture (trunk part) of the smart medicine box.

Figure 7 shows the three-layer structure of the CDM material.

Figure 8-9-10 shows the structure of intelligent pharmaceutical packaging.

Figure 11 shows the hardware structure of the smart label.

Figure 12 shows the structure of the second generation RFID tag.

Figure 13 shows the card reading and opening process of intelligent pharmaceutical packaging.

Figure 14 is the SQL primary key and generation table of the electronic prescription.

Numbers in the figure: 1 is RFID antenna; 2 is RFID card reader; 3 is WIFI unit; 4 is WIFI antenna; 5 is speaker; 6 is LCD backlight; 7 is CPU; 8 is 2.4G antenna, Zigbee unit; 9 10 is a metal shielding layer; 11 is an LCD display.

Detailed ways

Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.

Figure 1 shows the three-layer network communication structure of the smart medicine box.

Among them, the data acquisition layer is composed of data acquisition equipment, data calculation and storage equipment, data transmission equipment, etc., integrated in the smart medicine box device, which is equivalent to a home-style smart terminal; the medical resource management layer is the first and third layers The transition auxiliary layer is mainly responsible for the unified monitoring and control of the system, manages and allocates medical resources in a scientific way, and improves its operational efficiency; the medical service provider layer is the network background of the smart medicine box, which is the basis for realizing all functions If necessary, this layer will be provided by hospitals, emergency centers, drug supply chains, etc. respectively.

Figure 2 shows the specific functions of the smart medicine box. The smart medicine box stores medicines and prescriptions, completes medication reminders and records; smart labels are worn on patients to monitor health parameters; smart packaging is controlled by medicine box instructions to standardize the medication process; The connection to the service platform, the tracking of the drug production chain can prevent counterfeit drugs, the automatic alarm to the emergency center can replace manual dialing 120, and the regular transmission to the hospital database to refresh the patient's physical parameters can facilitate doctors to monitor the patient's health status.

Figure 3 shows the appearance design of the smart medicine box. The box body is a white cuboid, equipped with handles and buckles, and a red cross mark is printed in the middle. The box is equipped with 1 switch button (ON/OFF), 2 RS232 interfaces, 1 USB interface, 1 SD socket, 1 SIM card slot, 1 Ethernet interface, 1 infrared scanner and 1 tripod AC plug.

Figure 4 is an unpacked internal structure diagram of the smart medicine box. The lower part of the box is composed of a drug storage column, a metal shielding layer (3 sides) and a U-shaped RFID antenna. The upper part of the box is composed of 32bit XscaleCPU, WAN adapter, UHF RFID antenna and reader, Zigbee single-chip converter, WIFI antenna, WIFI unit, LCD touch screen, speaker and built-in application software. The icon labels are as follows: 1. RFID antenna; 2. RFID card reader; 3. WIFI unit; 4. WIFI antenna; 5. Speaker; 6. LCD backlight; 7. CPU; 8. 2.4G antenna, Zigbee unit; 9. Drug storage column; 10. Metal shielding layer; 11. LCD display.

Figure 5 is the main user interface of the medication reminder of the smart medicine box. The font, background color, and word color can be adjusted independently. The patient's name is displayed in the upper left corner, the current year, month, and day are displayed directly above, and the current time is displayed in the upper right corner; the doctor's name, contact information, and doctor's order are displayed in the lower left corner. In the middle is the medication form for the day, which is divided into three columns: time, drug name, and dosage. Those with a smiley face in front of the column are medications that have been taken, those without a smiley face in front of the column are untaken medications, and the highlighted black column with a yellow background in the middle is the current medication that needs to be taken.

Figure 6 shows the multi-core network architecture (trunk part) of the smart medicine box. A total of nine functions are completed, and each function is composed of its own dedicated CPU processor, converter and hardware unit to jointly build a multi-node interconnection structure.

Figure 7 shows the three-layer structure of the CDM material, namely "aluminum foil - epoxy adhesive - aluminum foil". The left side is the state before electrification, the three layers of materials are tightly adhered together, and the patient cannot tear the package. The right side is the state after energizing Vd and duration Vt, the aluminum foil can be peeled off from the epoxy adhesive, and the patient can tear open the package.

Figure 8-9-10 is a structural diagram of smart drug packaging. Figure 8 shows the front of the drug, with the exposed printed antenna and RFID label on the aluminum foil. The tablets are connected by microcircuits, which is convenient for positioning, opening, and positioning recording. The diagrams are numbered as follows: 1. Pill; 2. Microcircuit; 3. RFID label; 4. Printing antenna; 5. Aluminum foil. Figure 9 shows the reverse side of the tablet, which consists of a near-field coil (to sense the open signal), a driver chip, an MCU (to process the open command), a battery, and a DC converter. The edge of the tablet is encapsulated by CDM material, connected to a DC converter, which can only be turned on when the output voltage is higher than 30V. The diagrams are labeled as follows: 1. battery; 2. tablet package; 3. DC-DC converter; 4. MCU microprocessor; 5. aluminum foil; 6. drive chip; 7. near-field coil. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hardware.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the smart label iTag, which is composed of a sensor, MCU, battery, and RF transceiver. The sensor is worn on the patient and is responsible for collecting and recording various health parameters, which are processed by the MCU and then sent to the smart medicine box for storage by the RF transceiver.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the 2nd generation RFID tag. EPC Gen2 RFID Tag has strong scalability for many high-performance system applications. Compared with the first generation of RFID tags, the second generation has greatly improved in terms of data capacity, transmission rate, and information security. The reading speed is nearly 4 times that of the first generation; it supports multiple reading and writing; there are 4 reading modules so that it can communicate with multiple readers in parallel. In terms of security, the second-generation tag uses a 32bit key. In terms of scalability, the user memory space is very flexible, as small as 0-64bit, as large as 2048bit or more.

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of another method for opening a smart package. That is, an RFID reader is installed on the drug package, and an RFID tag is installed on the medical card. When the two are close, the reader will read the ID number on the tag and compare it with the key stored in the MCU. If it matches, the package is allowed to be opened.

Figure 14 is the SQL primary key and generation table of the electronic prescription. Electronic prescriptions include patient information, doctor information, doctor's orders, medication schedules, drug information, etc., which are automatically generated by the hospital database for download and update by the smart medicine box. The reminding, recording, and feedback functions provided by the smart medicine box in taking medicine are completely based on electronic prescriptions.

The smart medicine box has a matching magnetic card for recording the patient's personal information, with a second-generation RFID tag, which can be logged into the smart medicine box by infrared scanning. After logging in to the system, the main screen of the smart medicine box will display the patient's name, current date, current time, current weather, doctor's name, doctor's order, and the list of daily drug intake (sorted in descending order of time).

Every time it is time for the doctor to take the medicine, the smart medicine box will remind the patient to take the medicine through various multimedia means. When the medicine is taken out, the RFID reader can sense the action in time to detect whether the medicine is taken correctly, and if it is correct, it will send the tablet opening signal at the corresponding position. After taking the medicine, the patient can manually feed back the information through the interactive button, or automatically monitor and feed back the information through the micro-loop circuit on the drug packaging. Once there is a wrong operation, such as missing a dose, taking more than one dose, discarding, etc., it will also be recorded in time.

The smart label iTag worn on the patient can assist in monitoring body parameters (such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure, blood oxygen content, respiratory oxygen content, blood sugar content, body surface temperature, etc.). The tag is equivalent to a sensor, which can transmit the patient's daily behavior and body parameters to the smart medicine box through the wireless sensor network, which is convenient for doctors to observe and continuously record the development trend of the disease for a long time.

Once the patient has an emergency situation, such as acute allergic reaction, myocardial infarction, etc., the smart medicine box monitors that the physical parameters exceed the warning value, and will send an alarm to the emergency center as soon as possible.

Claims (8)

1. the intelligent medical service system based on RFID and CDM technology is characterized in that: comprise that sensing data acquisition layer, medical resource administration and supervision authorities and intelligent medical service provide layer; Wherein:

Said sensing data acquisition layer is made up of a plurality of modules such as data acquisition equipment, data counting device, data storage device, data transmission set and medicine opertaing devices; Wherein, data acquisition equipment comprises existing conventional medical data acquisition equipment, also comprises the read-write RFID label that is used to gather patient's MAR; Data counting device and Data Holding Equipment are responsible for that image data is carried out a series of science and are calculated, and extract, keep and integrate valid data, to improve terseness, the readability and professional of data; Data transmission set is a media with the multiple network technology, and the data after integrating are sent to the medical resource administration and supervision authorities;

Each module of said sensing data acquisition layer is done the as a whole inside that is integrated in intelligent medicine box; Become a kind of family intelligent terminal; It has combined RFID sensing technology, CDM material technology, supports various kinds of sensors network, wireless network, 3G/4G network; One end of intelligent terminal connects the upper strata public service platform, and the other end of intelligent terminal is realized private Self-Service, comprising: medication alert and record, intelligent drug packaging control, sign parameter acquisition record, emergency situations alarm, doctor's suggestion is long-range obtains;

Said intelligent medical service provides the net background of layer as intelligent medicine box, comprises hospital, first-aid centre, a plurality of medical mechanisms of medicine supply chain; These medical mechanisms have extensive and abundant software support as serving the provider, to guarantee to realize systemic-function; Wherein, hospital provides the service of sign parameter monitoring, prescription download service, healthy newspaper Push Service, the subscription services of seeking medical advice, remote diagnosis service; First-aid centre provides the service of first aid alarm monitoring; The medicine supply chain provides medicine true and false inquiry service, medicine explanation inquiry service; Service provider border factually needs to set, changes, expands service content, and the intelligent medicine box terminal can be accomplished service synchronization work automatically;

Said medical resource administration and supervision authorities provide the transition auxiliary layer of layer as sensing data acquisition layer and medical services, mainly are responsible for the unified monitoring and control of system, manage the distribution medical resource with the science mode, promote its operational paradigm; The specialty support that provides to each tame medical institutions has nothing in common with each other; The medical resource administration and supervision authorities need be discerned the information that the data acquisition layer is submitted, add up, screening, classification processing; And according to patient's different demands; Be sent to corresponding medical services provider, the information processing efficiency and the feedback efficiency of serving the provider with raising.

2. intelligent medical service system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described intelligent medicine box is a rectangular parallelepiped chest, and supporting with it intelligent label and intelligent packaging;

1 shift knob, 2 RS232 interfaces, 1 USB interface, 1 SD socket, 1 sim card slot, 1 Ethernet interface, 1 infrared scanner and 1 tripod ac plug are housed on the intelligent medicine box casing;

Intelligent medicine box top cover inside is embedded with 1 10.1 inches touch LCD display screen, 1 boombox; The built-in 32bit XscaleCPU of medicine-chest, WAN adapter, UHF RFID antenna and reader, Zigbee monolithic converter, WIFI antenna, WIFI unit, lcd touch display screen, loudspeaker and corresponding application software; Medicine-chest supports GSM/GPRS communication to communicate by letter with 3G network;

Intelligent medicine box takes metal electric magnetic shielding mode that the strictness of RFID signal is strapped in box house, and simultaneously, the antenna of rfid interrogator is the U type and is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the case, makes it can evenly read the medicine RFID label signal of any position in the case.

3. intelligent medical service system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the hardware structure of said intelligent medicine box is a kind of netted multicore architecture that is integrated on the chip, is made up of two parts, is respectively trunk system and from the part system; Wherein:

Said trunk system is that intelligent medicine box is supported nine big functions: audio frequency, video, WAN, WSN, instant ECG, examine in advance immediately, task management, RFID manage and other instant projects; Each function all has dedicated cpu processor, converter and hardware cell separately, builds the interconnect architecture of multinode jointly;

Saidly comprise intelligent sensing label and intelligent drug packaging two parts from the part system; Wherein, the intelligent sensing label is made up of sensor, microprocessor MCU, battery, radio frequency converter and antenna; The intelligence drug packaging is made up of CDM array, battery, DC-DC converter, energy harvester, FSM, radio frequency converter and antenna; Carry out radio communication from the part system through antenna and trunk system, accept the unified distribution management.

4. intelligent medical service system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said intelligent medicine box has a supporting RFID magnetic card, is writing down user's personal information, and the user can be through the operation login medicine-chest system that swipes the card; Medicine-chest is after the ID that has read the patient number; Communicate through 3G network and server; The electronics prescription information that retrieval and downloading patient information, information about doctor, doctor provide from hospital's SQL database of correspondence, and store in the storer, keep regular update;

In the electronics prescription that the doctor provides, comprise following data: patient should take medicine article ID, the quantity of taking medicine and the time set table of taking medicine; When needs generate complete prescription and supply the patient to download; System will inquire about drug data bank automatically; According to title, model, coding, the specification information of medicine ID coupling medicine, and the data that these information and pharmaceutical production manufacturer provide are identical, like this after medicine is placed into intelligent medicine box; Medicine-chest just can carry out the data comparison, accurately identifies the medicine that the patient buys.

5. intelligent medical service system according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: after said intelligent medicine box is put into medicine; The distributed U type rfid interrogator antenna of bottom half refreshes mode through fixed frequency and reads the RFID label in the drug packaging; Note the medicine information that is pre-stored in wherein, and verify comparison with the electronics prescription that the doctor provides; When having medicine of the same race in the comparison result shows electronics prescription, intelligent medicine box can be accomplished a series of registrations, record, inquiry, analytical work on the backstage, realizes drug control intellectuality, robotization, systematization;

Simultaneously, intelligent medicine box can also communicate with the pharmaceutical production merchant, obtains the complete production procedure information of this medicine, thereby effectively discerns counterfeit drug, guarantees patient's personal safety;

After the intelligent medicine box completion is operated correspondence, affirmation, the typing of medicine and prescription, just change over to and carry out the medication alert function; At first, LCDs shows the detailed information of taking medicine; Bright color, succinct design are adopted in main interface, and the interface title block comprises three information, is respectively patient's name, date and time, sinks to the bottom the hurdle and comprises doctor's name, doctor's contact method and doctor's advice; The master meter lattice of interface center according to the time descending sort patient all medicines and the medication remarks that need take the same day, every kind of medicine occupies delegation, every row comprises three row, is respectively medicine name, medicine time and single and takes deal; Having taken medicine has smiling face's mark before capable, does not take medicine and does not mark, and the next item down waits to take medicine then with the bright capable form enlarged and displayed of height.

6. intelligent medical service system according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said medicine adopts intelligent packaging; Be that drug packaging adopts CDM technology and RFID technological, intelligent medicine box can be controlled drug packaging, and detail record patient time, kind and the deal of taking medicine;

Said intelligent packaging; Constitute by CDM material, RFID label, rfid interrogator, near field coil, charge pump, direct current transducer, battery, medical card, microprinting circuit and selector switch; Can accept the RFID instruction control; Various drug taking behaviors to the patient detect automatically, record; Comprise open packing, clothes down medicine, forget and take medicine, damage medicine, abandon medicine, can also guarantee that the medicine time of medicine and deal all receive strict control, phenomenon that effective prevention is taken medicine in advance or excess is taken medicine;

In the intelligent packaging, the CDM material is aluminium foil, epoxy adhesive, aluminium foil three-decker, and two-layer up and down aluminium foil is connected to the voltage output end and the earth terminal of monitor respectively, and epoxy adhesive has superstrong adhesive, the tightly adhesion of whole trilaminate material;

A RFID label is arranged on the intelligent packaging, and the inside stores the details of medicine; Medicine is placed in the intelligent medicine box, and the rfid interrogator antenna at the bottom of the case reads this label repeatedly with fixed frequency, to confirm that medicine exists; This RFID label adopts CMOS integrated circuit and coil antenna, and way to take power is that antenna is placed in the electromagnetic field, and from the electromagnetic field of the same area, obtains major clock; Through opening and closing modulating current, chip will send it back ID number of 8 Manchester's cdes and be stored in the preprogrammed memory array;

Rfid interrogator is the integrated RFID transceiver circuit of CMOS; Rfid interrogator obtains to be suitable for the resonant frequency of antenna through inner phase-locked loop pll; It makes antenna be operated in carrier frequency, and aerial signal is carried out amplitude modulation synchronous modulation and demodulation, and realizes and microprocessor communication through interface;

The input voltage range of charge pump current mode pulse width modulated step-up DC-DC converter is from 2.5V to 10V, and adjustable output voltage is up to 30V;

Medical card is a big capacity, programmable two generation RFID labels, and before receiving the information of medical package, medical card is in off working state; When receive from rfid interrogator read signal the time, medical card is activated, and sends out ID number; If ID number meets, medical package sends another reading command to medical card, and medical card sends to packing with all medication information of patient subsequently; At last, when the information that stores in the packing changes with medical card near, to obtain the interior lastest imformation of packing;

Be printed on microprinting circuit and selector switch in the drug packaging; Selector switch makes medicine can gradation controlled, and the microprinting circuit is used to confirm the current state of medicine, and concrete mode is: when medicine did not take out as yet, the CDM material was perfect, and the microprinting circuit all is communicated with, and current signal exists; After certain medicine was removed, this regional CDM material was damaged, so microprinting circuit that should the zone also cuts off current vanishes thereupon; The current signal of disappearance marks amount of pills and the position that the patient had taken; And the transmit antenna feedback of passing through on the packing is given medicine-chest; As choose the reference of opening which pill next time, also feed back to the doctor simultaneously, the proof of on time taking medicine according to quantity as the patient.

7. intelligent medical service system according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: the patient wears the intelligent label iTag of specialty on one's body; Communicate by letter with intelligent medicine box with radio sensing network WSN; At any time monitor patient's daily behavior, body parameter, body parameter comprises cardiogram, blood pressure, the oxygen content of blood, breathing oxygen content, blood-sugar content, shell temperature; All heat transfer agents are regularly pushed to the Control Room of hospital, are monitored in real time by medical personnel; If the patient does not feel well, can press convenient pushbutton enable voice recognizer, say the subjective feeling of oneself and send to hospital to audio-frequency information, seek doctor's help.

8. intelligent medical service system according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: said intelligent medicine box is built-in with the reliable instant data processing algorithm through experimental demonstration; Can be according to collecting the sign health parameters; Examine in advance for the patient carries out the basis in the very first time, first place, provide reasonable suggestions, and valuable advisory opinion is provided for follow-up seeking medical advice; Intelligent medicine box is also integrated a series of violation operation records, body parameter Monitoring Data, patient's subjective feeling and is examined the result immediately in advance, is sent to public service platform, to obtain doctor specialty feedback and guidance timely; Simultaneously; Intelligent medicine box remains with the service platform of first-aid centre and communicates by letter; In case the intelligent label that the patient wears on one's body monitors emergency condition, intelligent medicine box can the very first time send the alarm of seeking help, or is controlled by patient oneself and to give the alarm; This alarm comprises patient position, state of an illness type information, assists first-aid centre to launch targetedly efficiently relief.

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