CN102606664B - Self-adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology - Google Patents

Abstract

An adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology, which includes a magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a piston rod, a piston, a working cylinder, a coil, an acceleration sensor and a controller module; The upper and lower ends of the variable elastomer rubber airbag are respectively connected with the upper and lower cover plates, and the inner cavity is filled with compressible gas; the piston rod, piston and working cylinder are located inside the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag; the upper end of the piston rod is connected with the upper cover plate, and the lower end It is integrated with the piston and slides up and down in the working cylinder; the inside of the piston is wound with a coil; the lower end of the working cylinder is connected with the lower cover, and its inner cavity is filled with magnetorheological elastic liquid, which passes through the gap between the piston and the working cylinder. The gap between them flows back and forth; the two acceleration sensors are respectively connected to the controller module through signal lines, and the controller module is connected to the coil through control lines. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, short response time, automatic adjustment of stiffness and damping value, and improvement of riding comfort and operation stability of the carrier.

Description

An adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology

(1) Technical field

The invention relates to an air spring, in particular to an adaptive air spring based on magneto-rheological technology; the air spring can automatically adjust its stiffness and damping value in real time according to the load of the vehicle body and the excitation condition of the actual working road surface, so as to improve the performance of the vehicle. Vibration and noise reduction performance improves ride comfort and operational stability. This system can also be applied to heavy machinery to reduce the impact and vibration of external loads on the mechanical structure. The utility model belongs to the technical field of carrying tools and engineering machinery.

(2) Background technology

During the normal driving process of the car, the force on the vehicle is often impact, and the road conditions are complex and changeable, so the excitation amplitude and frequency of the external load will be different. In practical applications, heavy mechanical structures will also be impacted by various external loads. In order to improve the anti-shock and vibration-resistance performance of vehicles and heavy machinery, an adaptive system is needed that can adjust its stiffness and damping values in real time according to different external stimuli.

At present, the existing air spring can realize the adjustability of height and stiffness through the compressibility of gas, and play the role of cushioning. However, the adjustment response time of height and stiffness is mechanical response time, non-intelligent suspension system. In addition, the air spring will vibrate during the process of absorbing the external impact load, but it does not have damping characteristics and cannot attenuate the vibration. In actual use, air springs usually need to be used in conjunction with shock absorbers so that they can act as springs and dampers respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of shock resistance and vibration reduction.

Magnetorheological elastomers and magnetorheological elastic liquids are new smart materials that have emerged in recent years. Under the action of an external magnetic field, they can automatically change their mechanical properties in real time. Based on the two materials, the present invention designs an adaptive air spring that can adjust and control stiffness and damping in real time. This kind of air spring integrates two components of spring and shock absorber at the same time, which can effectively alleviate impact and damp vibration, and has important engineering application significance.

(3) Contents of the invention

1. Purpose:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive air spring based on magneto-rheological technology. Based on magnetorheological technology, the device has the advantages of short response time and compact structure. It can automatically adjust its stiffness and damping value in real time according to the continuous changes of external loads, and improve the ride comfort and operation stability of the vehicle. It can also Used to improve the shock resistance and vibration damping performance of heavy machinery structures.

2. Technical solution:

See Fig. 1, a kind of self-adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology of the present invention, it comprises: magnetorheological elastomer rubber air bag, upper cover plate, lower cover plate, piston rod, piston, working cylinder, coil, acceleration sensor and controller modules. The position connection relationship between them is: the upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag is connected with the upper cover, and the lower end is connected with the lower cover, and its inner cavity is filled with compressible gas; the piston rod, piston and working cylinder are located in the magnetic flow Inside the variable elastomer rubber airbag; the upper end of the piston rod is connected with the upper cover plate, and the lower end is connected with the piston as a whole, which can slide up and down in the working cylinder; the coil is wound inside the piston; the lower end of the working cylinder is connected with the lower end of the working cylinder. The cover plate is connected, and its inner cavity is filled with magnetorheological elastic liquid, which can flow back and forth through the gap between the piston and the working cylinder; two acceleration sensors are respectively fixed on the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and they pass through the The signal line is connected to the controller module; the controller module is connected to the coil through the control line.

The magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag is composed of magnetorheological elastomer smart material, and its shape is similar to that of an ordinary air spring airbag. By changing the current of the coil in this adaptive air spring, the stiffness value of the magneto-rheological elastomer rubber airbag can be changed continuously and in real time to buffer external excitations of different amplitudes and frequencies.

The upper cover plate is a cylindrical structure cover plate for sealing the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The lower cover plate is a cylindrical structure cover plate for sealing the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The piston rod is a solid rod with a cylindrical structure, which can reciprocate along its axis. It is a connecting and moving part, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The piston is a cylindrical structural component that can perform reciprocating linear motion along its axis, and is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The coil is a circular helical wire winding, which is made of enamelled copper wire. After electrification, a magnetic field will be formed around it under the action of current. The strength of the magnetic field generated by it can be adjusted and controlled by changing the magnitude of the current in the coil.

The working cylinder is a cylindrical container made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The acceleration sensor can sense the acceleration and convert it into a usable output signal, which is transmitted to the controller module. It is available as an optional off-the-shelf item.

The controller module can realize signal processing and control through programming. It is available as an optional off-the-shelf item.

The compressible gas is an inert gas, and the compressibility of the gas is used to realize the spring action.

Wherein, the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag is composed of magnetorheological elastomer. The material is a polymer composite material that is cured under the action of a magnetic field after mixing the rubber matrix and magnetic micron or nanoscale particles. Its mechanical properties (such as Young's modulus, shear modulus and compression modulus, etc.) can be determined by External magnetic field adjustment is a new type of smart material.

Wherein, the magnetorheological elastic liquid filled in the inner chamber of the working cylinder is a suspension of magnetic particles. Its rheological properties will be affected by the strength of the magnetic field and will change in real time to produce controllable damping force, which belongs to a new type of intelligent material.

The working process of the present invention is as follows:

According to the signal difference sensed by the acceleration sensors located on the upper and lower covers respectively, the controller module adaptively adjusts the magnitude of the output current signal of the coil, thereby changing the strength of the magnetic field in the air spring, and changing the magnetorheological elastomer continuously and in real time The stiffness and damping value of magnetorheological elastic fluid improves its shock resistance and vibration damping characteristics. In addition, the magneto-rheological elastomer rubber airbag will also adjust the height of the air spring by raising or lowering the pressure of the compressible gas in the cavity according to the signal difference.

3. The advantages of an adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology in the present invention:

①The air spring can automatically adjust its stiffness and damping value in real time according to the change of external load, realizing the design of intelligent air spring.

②Integrate two components of spring and shock absorber at the same time, with compact structure, economical and practical, and small volume.

③Improve the vibration damping performance of vehicles, especially motor vehicles and special vehicles, and improve the ride comfort and operation stability of the occupants.

④The safety and reliability of the overall system have been effectively improved.

(4) Description of drawings

Fig. 1 three-dimensional isometric schematic diagram of adaptive air spring of the present invention

Fig. 2 section view of self-adaptive air spring of the present invention

The symbols in the figure are explained as follows:

1 Magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag; 2 Upper cover plate; 3 Lower cover plate; 4 Piston rod; 5 Piston; 6 Working cylinder; 7 Coil; 8 Acceleration sensor; 9 Controller module.

(5) Specific implementation methods

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of self-adaptive air spring based on magnetorheological technology of the present invention, it comprises: magnetorheological elastomer rubber air bag 1; Upper cover plate 2; Lower cover plate 3; Piston rod 4; Piston 5 ; cylinder 6; coil 7; acceleration sensor 8; and controller module 9. The position connection relationship between them is:

The upper end of the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag 1 is connected with the upper cover plate 2, and the lower end is connected with the lower cover plate 3, and its inner cavity is filled with compressible gas; the piston rod 4, piston 5 and working cylinder 6 are located in the magnetorheological elastomer rubber Inside the airbag 1; the upper end of the piston rod 4 is connected with the upper cover plate 2, and its lower end is connected with the piston 5 to form a whole, which can slide up and down in the working cylinder 6; the coil 7 is wound inside the piston 5; the working cylinder 6 The lower end is connected to the lower cover plate 3, and its inner cavity is filled with magnetorheological elastic liquid, which can flow back and forth through the gap between the piston 5 and the working cylinder 6; two acceleration sensors 8 are respectively fixed on the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3, they are respectively connected to the controller module 9 through the signal line; the controller module 9 is connected to the coil 7 on the piston rod 4 through the control line.

The magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag 1 is composed of magnetorheological elastomer smart material, and its shape is similar to that of an ordinary air spring airbag. Magnetorheological elastomer is a polymer composite material that is cured under the action of a magnetic field after mixing rubber matrix and magnetic micron or nanoscale particles. Its mechanical properties (such as Young's modulus, shear modulus and compression modulus etc.) can be adjusted by an external magnetic field and is a new type of smart material.

The upper cover plate 2 is a cylindrical structure cover plate for sealing the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The lower cover plate 3 is a cylindrical structure cover plate for sealing the magnetorheological elastomer rubber airbag, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The piston rod 4 is a solid rod of cylindrical structure, which can reciprocate along its axial direction, and is a connecting and moving part, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The piston 5 is a cylindrical structural component, which can perform linear reciprocating motion along its axis, and is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The coil 7 is an annular helical wire winding, which is made of enamelled copper wire. After electrification, a magnetic field will be formed around it under the action of current. The strength of the magnetic field generated by it can be adjusted and controlled by changing the magnitude of the current in the coil.

The working cylinder 6 is a cylindrical container, which is made of alloy steel or other high-strength and high-permeability materials.

The acceleration sensor 8 can sense the acceleration and convert it into an available output signal, which is transmitted to the controller module 9 . It is available as an optional off-the-shelf item.

The controller module 9 realizes signal processing and control through programming. It is available as an optional off-the-shelf item.

The compressible gas is an inert gas, and the compressibility of the gas is used to realize the spring action.

Wherein, the magnetorheological elastic liquid filled in the cavity of the working cylinder 6 is a suspension of magnetic particles. Its rheological properties will be affected by the strength of the magnetic field and will change in real time to produce a controllable damping force. The response time is the electronic response time, which belongs to a new type of intelligent material.

In the present invention, according to the load signal difference sensed by the acceleration sensors 8 located on the upper and lower cover plates, the controller module 9 adaptively adjusts the size of the output current signal of the coil 7, and then changes the strength of the magnetic field in the air spring, continuously and in real time Change the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer and the damping value of the magnetorheological elastic liquid to improve its anti-shock and vibration-absorbing properties. In addition, the magneto-rheological elastomer rubber airbag will also adjust and control the height of the air spring by increasing or decreasing the air pressure received by the compressible gas in the cavity according to the signal difference.

Claims (2)

1. the adaptive space air spring based on magnetic converting technique, it comprises: magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag, upper cover plate, lower cover plate, coil and controller module; Magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag upper end is connected with upper cover plate, and its lower end is connected with lower cover plate, and its inner chamber is filled with compressible gas; Controller module is connected with coil by guide line;

It is characterized in that: should also comprise piston rod, piston, clutch release slave cylinder and acceleration transducer by the adaptive space air spring based on magnetic converting technique; It is inner that piston rod, piston and clutch release slave cylinder are positioned at magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag; Piston rod upper end is connected with upper cover plate, and its lower end and piston link into an integrated entity, and this piston rod and piston be upper and lower slip in clutch release slave cylinder; The inside coiling of piston coil; Clutch release slave cylinder lower end is connected with lower cover plate, and its inner chamber is filled with magnetorheological elastic liquid, and this liquid flows back and forth by the gap between piston and clutch release slave cylinder; Two acceleration transducers are fixed on respectively on upper cover plate and lower cover plate, and they connect controller module by signaling line respectively;

Described magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag is comprised of magneto-rheological elastomer intelligent material, this material is by after rubber matrix and magnetic micrometer or nano-scale particle mixing, under magnetic fields, solidify the polymer composites forming, the mechanical characteristic of this material is regulated by external magnetic field, its shape is similar to normal air spring air bag, by changing the size of current of this kind of adaptive space air spring coil, change in real time continuously the rigidity value of magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag, cushion the dynamic excitation of different amplitudes and frequency;

Described upper cover plate is the cover plate of cylindrical structure, and for airtight magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag, it selects the material of alloyed steel or other high strength and high permeability to make;

Described lower cover plate is the cover plate of cylindrical structure, and for airtight magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag, it selects the material of alloyed steel or other high strength and high permeability to make;

Described piston rod is the solid rod member of cylindrical structure, reciprocating along its axial direction, and it is a connection and moving element, and it selects the material of alloyed steel or other high strength and high permeability to make;

Described piston is cylindrical structure part, along its axial direction, does linear reciprocating motion, and it selects the material of alloyed steel or other high strength and high permeability to make;

Described coil is spiral helicine wire winding ringwise, is that enamel-cover copper conductor is made, and after energising, under the effect of electric current, will form magnetic field around at it, by changing the size adjustment of electric current in coil and controlling the power that it produces magnetic field;

Described clutch release slave cylinder is cylindrical container, and it selects the material of alloyed steel or other high strength and high permeability to make; The magnetorheological elastic liquid that clutch release slave cylinder inner chamber is full of is a kind of magnetic-particle suspension, and its rheological properties will be subject to the impact of magnetic field power and occurs to change in real time, produces controlled damping force;

Described acceleration transducer can be experienced acceleration and convert usable output signal to, reaches controller module;

Described controller module is realized signal by programming and is processed and control.

2. a kind of adaptive space air spring based on magnetic converting technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the compressible gas that this magnetic rheology elastic body rubber pneumatic bag inner chamber is filled with is inert gas, utilizes the compressibility of inert gas, realizes spring action.

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