CN102606339A - Efficient hot-air engine - Google Patents
Efficient hot-air engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102606339A CN102606339A CN2011101487459A CN201110148745A CN102606339A CN 102606339 A CN102606339 A CN 102606339A CN 2011101487459 A CN2011101487459 A CN 2011101487459A CN 201110148745 A CN201110148745 A CN 201110148745A CN 102606339 A CN102606339 A CN 102606339A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient hot-air engine, which comprises an air compressor, a heater, an explosion-exhaust engine and a cooler. Gas medium inlets and gas medium outlets are arranged on the air compressor, the heater, the explosion-exhaust engine and the cooler respectively, the gas medium outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the gas medium inlet of the heater, the gas medium outlet of the heater is communicated with the gas medium inlet of the explosion-exhaust engine, the gas medium outlet of the explosion-exhaust engine is communicated with the gas medium inlet of the cooler, and the gas medium outlet of the cooler is communicated with the gas medium inlet of the air compressor, so that a single-power unit joint closed channel is formed in the communicated manner. Gas media are filled into the single-power unit joint closed channel, the explosion-exhaust engine outputs power for the air compressor or outputs power in a tortuous manner, and the explosion-exhaust engine is directly or indirectly connected with a power output shaft. The efficient hot-air engine is simple in structure, high in efficiency and low in noise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat energy and power field, especially a kind of motor.
Background technique
The tradition hot-air engine; The application that is Stirling engine is extensive day by day, but its mechanism is complicated, and the area of heating-up zone and cooling zone and heating and cool time are all limited; For this reason; It is a kind of simple in structure to be badly in need of invention, and heating and cooling efficient is high, the new and effective hot-air engine that the ratio of power and volume is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the technological scheme that the present invention proposes is following:
A kind of efficient hot-air engine; Comprise gas compressor, heater, burst emission engine and cooler; Gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet are set respectively on said gas compressor, said heater, said burst emission engine and said cooler; The gas working medium outlet of said gas compressor is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater; The gas working medium outlet of said heater is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said burst emission engine, and the gas working medium outlet of said burst emission engine is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said cooler, and the gas working medium outlet of said cooler is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said gas compressor; So be communicated with and constitute single action power unit joint close passage; In said single action power unit joint close passage, charge into gas working medium, said burst emission engine is to said gas compressor outputting power or circuitous outputting power, and said burst emission engine directly or indirectly is connected with pto;
Or gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet be set respectively on said gas compressor, said heater, said burst emission engine and said cooler; The gas working medium outlet of said gas compressor is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater; The gas working medium outlet of said heater is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said burst emission engine; The gas working medium outlet of said burst emission engine is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said cooler; So be communicated with and constitute a power unit joint; N said gas compressor, a n said heater, a n said burst emission engine and n said cooler constitute n said power unit joint; The gas working medium outlet that the said cooler that will be in an end after series connection is communicated with is again saved in n >=2, n said power unit is communicated with formation multiple units joint close passage with the gas working medium inlet of the said gas compressor that is in the other end, in said multiple units joint close passage, charge into gas working medium; Said burst emission engine is to said gas compressor outputting power or circuitous outputting power, and said burst emission engine directly or indirectly is connected with pto.
Said gas compressor is made as the impeller type gas compressor, or said gas compressor is made as piston compressor.
Said burst emission engine is made as the power turbine machine, or said burst emission engine is made as the piston type burst emission engine.
Said heater is made as convection heater, or said heater is made as ceramic heater.
Said cooler is made as convection cooler.
Said gas compressor is made as the impeller type gas compressor; Said burst emission engine is made as the power turbine machine; Said impeller type gas compressor and the coaxial setting of said power turbine machine, the rotor shaft that connects said impeller type gas compressor and said power turbine machine is arranged in the said heater or is arranged in the said cooler.
Said efficient hot-air engine also comprises regenerator; Said regenerator is arranged between said burst emission engine and the said cooler; The outlet of the gas working medium of said gas compressor is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater behind said regenerator, and entering the mouth through the gas working medium that the heat absorption back gets into said heater from the gas working medium that the gas working medium outlet stream from said burst emission engine comes in said regenerator of the gas working medium after the said gas compressor supercharging further is heated.
Said efficient hot-air engine also comprises generator; Said gas compressor is made as the impeller type gas compressor; Said burst emission engine is made as the power turbine machine; Said generator, said impeller type gas compressor and the coaxial setting of said power turbine machine, said generator are arranged in the said single action power unit joint close passage or said generator is arranged in the said multiple units joint close passage.
Said efficient hot-air engine also comprises starter, and said starter is connected with said gas compressor, and said starter promotes said gas compressor work when said efficient hot-air engine starts.
Between said gas compressor and said heater, establish hybrid cooler; On said hybrid cooler, establish high pressure dilatant introducing port; On said cooler, establish the liquid swelling agent export mouth, said liquid swelling agent export mouth is communicated with said high pressure dilatant introducing port through high-pressure service pump.
On said gas compressor, establish the constant temperature compression cooler, said constant temperature compression cooler makes said gas working medium in said gas compressor, keep constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state in the compressed process, realizes the constant temperature compression or the nearly constant temperature compression process of said gas working medium.
On said burst emission engine, establish constent temperature heater; Said constent temperature heater makes said gas working medium keep constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state for the said gas working medium of expansion working in said burst emission engine provides heat, realizes the thermostatic expansion or the nearly thermostatic expansion process of said gas working medium.
Between said gas compressor and the said heater, between said heater and the said burst emission engine, between said burst emission engine and the said cooler, and/or between said cooler and said gas compressor, establish control valve.
A kind of method that improves the said efficient hot-air engine efficient and the feature of environmental protection is about to begin the adiabatic relation of temperature and pressure type of meeting of the gas working medium of work done.
Though the present invention is a hot-air engine; But different with traditional hot-air engine (being Stirling engine), in Stirling engine, working medium is in single passage, back and forth to flow; This brings suitable restriction just for heating-up zone and cooling zone, makes the efficiency of heating surface and cooling effectiveness all influenced.Moreover; In Stirling engine, because working medium is back and forth mobile, so be that heat transfer by convection all can not be carried out in heating-up zone or cooling zone; Therefore maximum temperature and the cooled minimum temperature after heat transfer efficiency and the heating is all influenced, and then influences the efficient and the power level of motor.And the mobile of working medium undertaken by single direction in the disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention, forms the closed-loop path of a single flow direction, so just overcome the above-mentioned defective of Stirling engine.
Principle of the present invention is to absorb in heater through the pressurized gas working medium that produces after the gas compressor compression to get into burst emission engine after heat improves temperature; In burst emission engine, get into cooler behind the expansion working, in cooler, get into gas compressor again after the heat release cooling and get into next work cycle.
Power turbine machine among the present invention can coaxially be provided with the impeller type gas compressor, also can non-coaxial setting, and the power turbine machine is to the direct outputting power of impeller type gas compressor, also outputting power indirectly.
The disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention is because gas working medium is to be in the closed circulation state, so can adopt higher working medium of efficient such as helium etc.; Because heating is to adopt the heating of external combustion form, thus various fuel can be used, and also owing to belong to continuous burning, so burning control more easily, combustion efficiency and exhaust meeting are better.
The disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention is because heating-up zone and cooling zone all are continuous operations, and the heat transfer area of heating-up zone and cooling zone is unrestricted, so heat transfer load and efficient can be improved largely.
The so-called constant temperature of the present invention is meant the process that temperature remains unchanged, and compression is meant and the compression process that temperature remains unchanged is meant the inflation process that temperature remains unchanged for thermostatic expansion for constant temperature; So-called nearly constant temperature is meant that temperature is tending towards constant process, is meant that for nearly constant temperature compression temperature is tending towards constant compression process, is meant that for nearly thermostatic expansion temperature is tending towards constant inflation process.
Gas compressor among the present invention is meant that all that have gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet respectively can make the device of gas working medium supercharging, for example impeller type gas compressor, piston compressor, screw type, gear type and rotator type gas compressor etc.; So-called gas working medium is meant uncondensable gas that does not undergo phase transition in cooler, like helium, hydrogen, argon gas etc.; So-called heater is meant that all can carry out the device of external heat to gas working medium, can be the device of the external heat of directly carrying out with flame, also can be the device that gas working medium is heated with heat exchanger; So-called burst emission engine is meant the work done mechanism that has only work done process and exhaust process; This work done working process of mechanism is that preprepared gas working medium (being mostly high temperature and high pressure gas or pressurized gas) is charged in the work done mechanism; In mechanism, no longer compress and just carry out expansion working; The work done mechanism that behind expansion working, gas working medium is discharged for example only carries out piston type work done mechanism and the impeller type work done mechanism (like power turbine etc.) etc. of power stroke and exhaust stroke; So-called cooler is meant the device that all can cool off gas working medium, can be radiator or heat exchanger; Said dilatant is meant does not participate in the working medium that combustion chemistry has been reacted the effect of intensification or cooling and adjustment work done working medium molal quantity and participated in expansion working; So-called impeller type gas compressor be meant can pressurized gas working medium impeller type or turbo type gas compressor, comprise axial flow, radial-flow type, mixed-flow; So-called power turbine machine is meant the impeller type device or the turbo type device that under the gas working medium effect, can the pressure of gas working medium can be become power with thermal power transfer; So-called regenerator is meant and can utilizes the device that the gas working medium that gets into before the heater is heated through the gas working medium behind the burst emission engine; So-called single action power unit joint close passage is meant to be connected successively by a gas compressor, heater, burst emission engine and cooler and is communicated with and close passage that the head and the tail butt joint is constituted; So-called power unit joint is meant to be connected successively by a gas compressor, a heater, a burst emission engine and a cooler and is communicated with the open channel that is constituted; So-called multiple units joint close passage is meant by a plurality of power unit joint close passage that series connection is communicated with and the head and the tail butt joint is constituted successively; So-called ceramic heater is meant the device of processing with pottery that gas working medium is heated, and utilizes ceramic heater can make gas working medium be heated to higher temperature; So-called convection cooler is meant to be cooled to the counter-flow heat exchanger of purpose; So-called convection heater is meant to be heated to be the counter-flow heat exchanger of purpose; So-called hybrid cooler is meant the device that can dilatant and compressed gas working medium be carried out hybrid cooling; So-called liquid swelling agent export mouth is meant the export mouth of the dilatant that is condensed in the said cooler; So-called " said burst emission engine is to said gas compressor outputting power " is meant that said burst emission engine is to the direct outputting power of said gas compressor or through the indirect outputting power of mechanisms such as gear; So-called " said burst emission engine is to the circuitous outputting power of said gas compressor " is meant that said burst emission engine outputs power in the power source, again by this power source to said gas compressor outputting power.
Velocity ratio described in the disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention between gas compressor and the said burst emission engine can be made as adjustable, so that said efficient hot-air engine all can keep the efficient operation state under the different rotating speeds situation.
The disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention; Particularly (like Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 8) has quite high seal among some embodiment of the disclosed efficient hot-air engine of the present invention, so can in close passage, charge into pressurized gas working medium (be motor when being in off working state, the pressure of the gas working medium in the passage is in higher or quite high level); Increase the density of gas working medium; Thereby increase heat transfer efficiency and specific power, and the circulation pressure ratio is increased, raise the efficiency.
Among the present invention, Figure 16 is the graph of a relation of the temperature T and the pressure P of gas working medium, and curve shown in the O-A-H is to be the adiabatic relation curve of 0 gas working medium of 298K and 0.1MPa through status parameter; The B point is the virtual condition point of gas working medium, and curve shown in the E-B-D is the adiabatic relation curve of ordering through B, and the A point is identical with the pressure that B is ordered; Curve shown in the F-G is the adiabatic relation curve of working medium through 2800K and 10MPa (being the state point that is about to begin the gas working medium of work done in the present internal-combustion engine).
Among the present invention; K in
among Figure 16 is the gas working medium adiabatic index; P is the pressure of gas working medium; T is the temperature of gas working medium, and C is a constant.
Among the present invention, so-called type adiabatic relation comprises following three kinds of situation: 1. the status parameter of gas working medium (being the temperature and pressure of working medium) point is on said working medium thermal insulation relation curve, and promptly the status parameter point of gas working medium is in Figure 16 shown in the O-A-H on the curve; 2. the status parameter of gas working medium (being the temperature and pressure of working medium) point is in the adiabatic relation curve of said working medium left side, the i.e. left side of the status parameter point of gas working medium curve shown in the O-A-H in Figure 16; 3. the status parameter of gas working medium (being the temperature and pressure of working medium) point is on the adiabatic relation curve of said working medium right side; It is the right side of status parameter point curve shown in the O-A-H in Figure 16 of gas working medium; But the pressure that the temperature of gas working medium is not higher than gas working medium thus by the thermal insulation relation calculate the gained temperature add 1000K with, add 950K's and, add 900K's and, add 850K's and, add 800K's and, add 750K's and, add 700K's and, add 650K's and, add 600K's and, add 550K's and, add 500K's and, add 450K's and, add 400K's and, add 350K's and, add 300K's and, add 250K's and, add 200K's and, add 190K's and, add 180K's and, add 170K's and, add 160K's and, add 150K's and, add 140K's and, add 130K's and, add 120K's and, add 110K's and, add 100K's and, add 90K's and, add 80K's and, add 70K's and, add 60K's and, add 50K's and, add 40K's and, add 30K's and or be not higher than add 20K's and; Promptly shown in figure 16; The virtual condition point of said gas working medium is the B point; The A point is the point on the pressure adiabatic relation curve identical with the B point, and the temperature difference between A point and the B point should be less than 1000K, 900K, 850K, 800K, 750K, 700K, 650K, 600K, 550K, 500K, 450K, 400K, 350K, 300K, 250K, 200K, 190K, 180K, 170K, 160K, 150K, 140K, 130K, 120K, 110K, 100K, 90K, 80K, 70K, 60K, 50K, 40K, 30K or less than 20K.
Among the present invention; So-called type of adiabatic relation can be any in above-mentioned three kinds of situation, just refers to: status parameter (being the temperature and pressure of the gas working medium) point of gas working medium that is about to begin work done is in the left field of passing through adiabatic process curve E-B-D that B orders shown in figure 16.
Among the present invention, the so-called gas working medium that is about to begin work done is meant the gas working medium that is about to get into said burst emission engine through heater heats.
Among the present invention, the engine system (being thermal power system) of the adiabatic relation of status parameter (being the temperature and pressure of gas working medium) type of meeting of the gas working medium that is about to begin work done is defined as low entropy motor.
Among the present invention, adjust the intensity of cooling of said cooler, adjust the gas pressure of the gas outlet of said gas compressor, the heating intensity of adjusting said heater makes the adiabatic relation of temperature and pressure type of meeting of the gas working medium that is about to begin work done; In the structure that is provided with said constant temperature compression cooler; Adjust the intensity of cooling of said cooler; Adjust the intensity of cooling of said constant temperature compression cooler; Adjust the gas pressure of the gas outlet of said gas compressor, the heating intensity of adjusting said heater makes the adiabatic relation of temperature and pressure type of meeting of the gas working medium that is about to begin work done.
The purpose that in hybrid cooler, imports dilatant among the present invention in the gas working medium after being compressed is in order to reduce the temperature of gas working medium; Gas working medium (the containing dilatant) temperature that gets into heater is hanged down to absorb more low-grade heats, improve the efficient of motor.The dilatant that imports can be a liquid, also can be gas, but before getting into burst emission engine, should be in gaseous state or threshold state, to improve the efficient of motor.Among the present invention so-called be communicated be meant direct connection, through the indirect communication of several processes (comprise with other material mixing etc.) or through controlled connections such as pump, control valves.Heater among the present invention also can be the device that utilizes solar energy that gas working medium is heated.The setting of starter is to have the gas working medium of certain pressure so that motor reaches normal working at short notice in order before engine start, motor to be imported power, to make gas compressor work, forming among the present invention.
The purpose that among the present invention generator is arranged in the close passage is in order to improve the seal of close passage, so that the gas working medium in the close passage can have higher pressure, and is unlikely to leak.
Gas compressor among the present invention comprises multistage compressor and is with intercooled multistage compressor.
Among the present invention in order to improve heating and cooling efficient; Cooling unit can be set on gas compressor; Heating equipment is set on burst emission engine; Can also be made as piston compressor and burst emission engine is made as in the structure of piston type burst emission engine at gas compressor, piston compressor and piston type burst emission engine all adopt the form of a plurality of path cylinders.In order to realize thermostatic expansion or the nearly thermostatic expansion process of said gas working medium in said power turbine machine, can establish the heated fluid passage on the shell of said power turbine machine and/or in the stator blade, said constent temperature heater is made as said heated fluid passage; In order to realize constant temperature compression or the nearly constant temperature compression process of said gas working medium in said impeller type gas compressor; Can on the shell of said impeller type gas compressor and/or in the stator blade, establish cooling channels, said constant temperature compression cooler is made as said cooling channels.
The present invention is made as piston compressor and burst emission engine is made as in the structure of piston type burst emission engine at gas compressor, need on the passage that gas working medium flows, establish control valve and/or check valve, and is mobile to realize that gas working medium press design direction.Control valve and check valve gas working medium ingress, the gas working medium outlet port that the position can be a piston compressor be set, the gas working medium ingress of piston compressor, gas working medium outlet port, and on the passage that flows of gas working medium.
Generator among the present invention can be used as starter, is used for starting said efficient hot-air engine.
In the structure that power turbine machine or impeller type gas compressor are set,,, can adopt the magnetic gear reducer in order to effectively reduce rotating speed because the rotating speed of power turbine machine and gas compressor possibly reach quite high level; In this structure,, can adopt magnetic suspension bearing or gas suspension bearing for high-speed rotating shaft.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
The present invention is simple in structure, efficient is high, noise is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 8;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 9;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 10;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 11;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 12;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 13;
Figure 14 and Figure 15 are the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 14;
Figure 16 is the graph of a relation of the temperature T and the pressure P of gas working medium.
Among the figure:
1 gas compressor; 2 heaters; 3 burst emission engines; 4 coolers; 5 ptos; 6 power units joint; 8 generators; 9 starters; 10 hybrid coolers; 13 high-pressure service pumps; 11 high pressure dilatant introducing ports; 12 liquid swelling agent export mouths; 101 impeller type gas compressors; 102 piston compressors; 301 power turbine machines; 302 piston type burst emission engines; 201 convection heaters; 202 ceramic heaters; 401 convection coolers; 120 regenerators; 1111 constant temperature compression coolers; 3333 constent temperature heaters; 12345 control valves; 1236 multiple units joint close passage; 1234 single action power unit joint close passage
Embodiment
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 1; Comprise gas compressor 1, heater 2, burst emission engine 3 and cooler 4; Gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet are set respectively on gas compressor 1, heater 2, burst emission engine 3 and cooler 4; The gas working medium outlet of gas compressor 1 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of heater 2; The gas working medium outlet of heater 2 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of burst emission engine 3, and the gas working medium outlet of burst emission engine 3 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of cooler 4, and the gas working medium outlet of cooler 4 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of gas compressor 1; So be communicated with and constitute single action power unit joint close passage 1234; In single action power unit joint close passage 1234, charge into gas working medium, 3 pairs of gas compressor 1 outputting powers of burst emission engine or circuitous outputting power, burst emission engine 3 directly or indirectly is connected with pto 5.The principle of present embodiment is to get into burst emission engine 3 with absorbing in heater 2 through the pressurized gas working medium that produces after gas compressor 1 compression after heat improves temperature; In burst emission engine 3, get into cooler 4 behind the expansion working; In cooler 4, get into gas compressor 1 after the heat release cooling again and get into next work cycle; So just can realize that the mobile of gas working medium undertaken by single direction; Form the closed-loop path of a single flow direction, overcome the back and forth mobile defective of working medium of traditional Stirling engine.
For the adiabatic relation of temperature and pressure type of meeting that improves the method for the said efficient hot-air engine efficient and the feature of environmental protection, make the gas working medium that is about to begin work done.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 2; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet are set respectively on gas compressor 1, heater 2, burst emission engine 3 and cooler 4; The gas working medium outlet of gas compressor 1 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of heater 2; The gas working medium outlet of heater 2 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of burst emission engine 3; The gas working medium outlet of burst emission engine 3 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of cooler 4; So be communicated with and constitute a power unit joint 6, n gas compressor 1, a n heater 2, a n burst emission engine 3 and n power unit joint 6 of n cooler 4 formations, n=4; The gas working medium outlet that will be in the cooler 4 of an end after n power unit joint 6 series connection are communicated with again enters the mouth to be communicated with the gas working medium of the gas compressor that is in the other end 1 and constitutes multiple units joint close passage 1236; In multiple units joint close passage 1236, charge into gas working medium, 3 pairs of gas compressor 1 outputting powers of burst emission engine or circuitous outputting power, burst emission engine 3 directly or indirectly is connected with pto 5.The series connection that has realized multistage hot-air engine is set like this, has improved the utilization ratio of gas working medium, realized hot-air engine more efficiently.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 3, itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: gas compressor 1 is made as impeller type gas compressor 101, and burst emission engine 3 is made as power turbine machine 301.The purpose that is provided with like this is in order to make full use of the advantage that high rotating speed, volume are little, flow is big of impeller type gas compressor 101 and power turbine machine 301.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 4; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: gas compressor 1 is made as piston compressor 102; Burst emission engine 3 is made as piston type burst emission engine 302; Gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet place at piston compressor 102 establish two control valves 12345, after the gas working medium inlet and the gas sender property outlet place of piston type burst emission engine 302 also establish two control valves 12345, get into the cylinder of piston type burst emission engine 302 when a certain amount of pressurized gas working medium; The gas working medium inlet and the gas sender property outlet of piston type burst emission engine 302 all are in closed condition; Pressurized gas working medium expands and promotes the piston work done, and the relation in correct time can be arranged between piston compressor 102 and the piston type burst emission engine 302, also can not have the relation in correct time; And on single action power unit joint close passage 1234, can also establish a gas working medium storage tank, be used for stored-gas working medium.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 5; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: heater 2 is made as ceramic heater 202, and gas compressor 1 is made as impeller type gas compressor 101, and burst emission engine 3 is made as power turbine machine 301; Impeller type gas compressor 101 and the 301 coaxial settings of power turbine machine; The rotor shaft 340 that connects impeller type gas compressor 101 and power turbine machine 301 is arranged in the ceramic heater 202, and pto 5 is arranged on power turbine machine 301 ends, i.e. pressurized gas working medium end.
Embodiment 6
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 6; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: heater 2 is made as ceramic heater 202, and gas compressor 1 is made as impeller type gas compressor 101, and burst emission engine 3 is made as power turbine machine 301; Impeller type gas compressor 101 and the 301 coaxial settings of power turbine machine; The rotor shaft 340 that connects impeller type gas compressor 101 and power turbine machine 301 is arranged in the cooler 4, and the purpose that is provided with like this is that rotor shaft 340 is worked under low-temperature condition, reduces the requirement to the rotor shaft material property; And the lubricity of rotor shaft is good, long working life; Pto 5 is arranged on impeller type gas compressor 101 ends, and promptly low-pressure gas working medium end can more effectively prevent the leakage of gas working medium like this, improves the seal of close passage, so that the gas working medium in the close passage can have higher pressure.
Embodiment 7
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 7; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: efficient hot-air engine also comprises regenerator 120; Regenerator 120 is arranged between burst emission engine 3 and the cooler 4; The outlet of the gas working medium of gas compressor 1 is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of heater 2 through regenerator 120 after, and the gas working medium of entering heater 2 entered the mouth and further is heated after the gas working medium after gas compressor 1 supercharging absorbed heat from the gas working medium that the gas working medium outlet stream of self-destruction row motor 3 comes regenerator 120 in.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 8; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: efficient hot-air engine also comprises generator 8; Gas compressor 1 is made as impeller type gas compressor 101; Burst emission engine 3 is made as power turbine machine 301, generator 8, impeller type gas compressor 101 and the 301 coaxial settings of power turbine machine, and generator 8 is arranged in the single action power unit joint close passage 1234.Such setting makes the better tightness of whole system, has prevented the leakage of pressurized gas working medium, has improved the efficient of system.
Efficient hot-air engine as shown in Figure 9, itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: efficient hot-air engine also comprises starter 9, and starter 9 is connected with gas compressor 1, promotion gas compressor 1 was worked when starter 9 started at efficient hot-air engine.The purpose of starter setting is to have the gas working medium of certain pressure so that motor reaches normal working at short notice in order before engine start, motor to be imported power, to make gas compressor work, forming.
Efficient hot-air engine shown in figure 10; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: heater 2 is made as convection heater 201; Cooler 4 is made as convection cooler 401, between gas compressor 1 and convection heater 201, establishes hybrid cooler 10, on hybrid cooler 10, establishes high pressure dilatant introducing port 11; On convection cooler 401, establish liquid swelling agent export mouth 12, liquid swelling agent export mouth 12 is communicated with high pressure dilatant introducing port 11 through high-pressure service pump 13.The purpose that imports dilatant in the gas working medium in hybrid cooler 10 after being compressed is in order to reduce the temperature of gas working medium; Gas working medium (the containing dilatant) temperature that gets into convection heater 201 is hanged down to absorb more heats, improve the efficient of motor.The dilatant that imports can be a liquid, also can be gas, but before getting into burst emission engine, should be in gaseous state or threshold state, to improve the efficient of motor.
Efficient hot-air engine shown in figure 11; Itself and embodiment's 4 difference is: only establish a control valve 12345 in the gas working medium outlet port of piston compressor 102; In piston type burst emission engine 302, do not establish control valve; The relation in correct time is arranged between piston compressor 102 and the piston type burst emission engine 302, and gas working medium is back and forth mobile thereby the spatial volume between the assurance two-piston top changes (being similar to traditional Stirling engine), only circulates by a direction orientation.
Efficient hot-air engine shown in figure 12; Itself and embodiment's 4 difference is: in piston compressor 102, do not establish control valve; In piston type burst emission engine 302, do not establish control valve; Only in single action power unit joint close passage 1234, establish a control valve 12345; The relation in correct time is arranged between piston compressor 102 and the piston type burst emission engine 302, and gas working medium is back and forth mobile thereby the spatial volume between the assurance two-piston top changes (being similar to traditional Stirling engine), only circulates by a direction orientation.
Efficient hot-air engine shown in figure 13; Itself and embodiment's 1 difference is: on gas compressor 1, establish constant temperature compression cooler 1111; Constant temperature compression cooler 1111 makes gas working medium in gas compressor 1, keep constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state in the compressed process, realizes the constant temperature compression or the nearly constant temperature compression process of gas working medium; On burst emission engine 3, establish constent temperature heater 3333; Constent temperature heater 3333 makes gas working medium keep constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state for the gas working medium of expansion working in burst emission engine 3 provides heat, realizes the thermostatic expansion or the nearly thermostatic expansion process of gas working medium; Gas compressor 1 is made as impeller type gas compressor 101, and burst emission engine 3 is made as power turbine machine 301, and the work phase place of gas compressor 1 and burst emission engine 3 is different, and/or discharge capacity is different.The purpose that is provided with like this is in order to improve the efficient of heating and cooling, and then improves the efficient of motor.
Embodiment 14
Like Figure 14 or efficient hot-air engine shown in Figure 15; Itself and embodiment's 13 difference is: gas compressor 1 is made as piston compressor 102; Burst emission engine 3 is made as piston type burst emission engine 302; Gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet place at piston compressor 102 establish two control valves 12345; Also establish two control valves 12345 at the gas working medium of piston type burst emission engine 302 inlet with gas sender property outlet place, through controlling four control valves 12345, realize waiting hold heating and etc. the appearance cooling procedure; Realize constant temperature compression or nearly constant temperature compression process through constant temperature compression cooler 1111, realize thermostatic expansion or nearly thermostatic expansion process through constent temperature heater 3333.In other words, through the setting of four control valves 12345, constant temperature compression cooler 1111 and constent temperature heater 3333, make the circulation of gas working medium more approach the Stirling circulation.
Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, according to the known technology and the disclosed technological scheme of the present invention of related domain, can derive or association goes out many flexible programs, all these flexible programs also should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. efficient hot-air engine; Comprise gas compressor (1), heater (2), burst emission engine (3) and cooler (4); It is characterized in that: gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet are set respectively on said gas compressor (1), said heater (2), said burst emission engine (3) and said cooler (4); The gas working medium outlet of said gas compressor (1) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater (2); The gas working medium outlet of said heater (2) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said burst emission engine (3); The gas working medium outlet of said burst emission engine (3) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said cooler (4); The gas working medium outlet of said cooler (4) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said gas compressor (1), so is communicated with to constitute single action power unit joint close passage (1234), in said single action power unit joint close passage (1234), charges into gas working medium; Said burst emission engine (3) is to said gas compressor (1) outputting power or circuitous outputting power, and said burst emission engine (3) directly or indirectly is connected with pto (5);
Or gas working medium inlet and gas sender property outlet be set respectively on said gas compressor (1), said heater (2), said burst emission engine (3) and said cooler (4); The gas working medium outlet of said gas compressor (1) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater (2); The gas working medium outlet of said heater (2) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said burst emission engine (3); The gas working medium outlet of said burst emission engine (3) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said cooler (4); So be communicated with and constitute a power unit joint (6); N said gas compressor (1), a n said heater (2), a n said burst emission engine (3) and n said cooler (4) constitute n said power unit joint (6); N >=2; The gas working medium outlet that n said power unit saves the said cooler (4) that will be in an end after (6) series connection is communicated with again is communicated with formation multiple units joint close passage (1236) with the gas working medium inlet of the said gas compressor (1) that is in the other end; In said multiple units joint close passage (1236), charge into gas working medium, said burst emission engine (3) is to said gas compressor (1) outputting power or circuitous outputting power, and said burst emission engine (3) directly or indirectly is connected with pto (5).
2. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said gas compressor (1) is made as impeller type gas compressor (101), or said gas compressor (1) is made as piston compressor (102).
3. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said burst emission engine (3) is made as power turbine machine (301), or said burst emission engine (3) is made as piston type burst emission engine (302).
4. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said heater (2) is made as convection heater (201), or said heater (2) is made as ceramic heater (202).
5. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said cooler (4) is made as convection cooler (401).
6. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said gas compressor (1) is made as impeller type gas compressor (101); Said burst emission engine (3) is made as power turbine machine (301); Said impeller type gas compressor (101) and the coaxial setting of said power turbine machine (301), the rotor shaft (340) that connects said impeller type gas compressor (101) and said power turbine machine (301) is arranged in the said heater (2) or is arranged in the said cooler (4).
7. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said efficient hot-air engine also comprises regenerator (120); Said regenerator (120) is arranged between said burst emission engine (3) and the said cooler (4); The outlet of the gas working medium of said gas compressor (1) is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of said heater (2) through said regenerator (120) after, and the gas working medium of the said heater of entering (2) enters the mouth and further is heated after the gas working medium after said gas compressor (1) supercharging absorbs heat from the gas working medium that the gas working medium outlet stream from said burst emission engine (3) comes said regenerator (120) in.
8. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said efficient hot-air engine also comprises generator (8); Said gas compressor (1) is made as impeller type gas compressor (101); Said burst emission engine (3) is made as power turbine machine (301); Said generator (8), said impeller type gas compressor (101) and the coaxial setting of said power turbine machine (301), said generator (8) are arranged in the said single action power unit joint close passage (1234) or said generator (8) is arranged in the said multiple units joint close passage (1236).
9. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: said efficient hot-air engine also comprises starter (9); Said starter (9) is connected with said gas compressor (1), and said starter (9) promotes said gas compressor (1) work when said efficient hot-air engine starts.
10. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: between said gas compressor (1) and said heater (2), establish hybrid cooler (10); On said hybrid cooler (10), establish high pressure dilatant introducing port (11); On said cooler (4), establish liquid swelling agent export mouth (12), said liquid swelling agent export mouth (12) is communicated with said high pressure dilatant introducing port (11) through high-pressure service pump (13).
11. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: on said gas compressor (1), establish constant temperature compression cooler (1111); Said constant temperature compression cooler (1111) makes said gas working medium in said gas compressor (1), discharge heat maintenance constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state in the compressed process, realizes the constant temperature compression or the nearly constant temperature compression process of said gas working medium.
12. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that: on said burst emission engine (3), establish constent temperature heater (3333); Said constent temperature heater (3333) makes said gas working medium keep constant temperature or nearly temperature constant state for the said gas working medium of expansion working in said burst emission engine (3) provides heat, realizes the thermostatic expansion or the nearly thermostatic expansion process of said gas working medium.
13. according to the said efficient hot-air engine of claim 1; It is characterized in that:, and/or between said cooler (4) and said gas compressor (1), establish control valve (12345) between said gas compressor (1) and the said heater (2), between said heater (2) and the said burst emission engine (3), between said burst emission engine (3) and the said cooler (4).
14. a method that improves one of any said efficient hot-air engine efficient of claim 1 to 13 and the feature of environmental protection is characterized in that: the adiabatic relation of temperature and pressure type of meeting that is about to begin the gas working medium of work done.
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| CN2011101487459A CN102606339A (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2011-06-03 | Efficient hot-air engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010290332 | 2010-09-25 | ||
| CN201010290332.X | 2010-09-25 | ||
| CN201010294816.1 | 2010-09-28 | ||
| CN201010294816 | 2010-09-28 | ||
| CN2010105196617A CN102032068A (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2010-10-26 | Efficient hot-air engine |
| CN201010519661.7 | 2010-10-26 | ||
| CN201110101872.3 | 2011-04-22 | ||
| CN201110101872 | 2011-04-22 | ||
| CN2011101487459A CN102606339A (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2011-06-03 | Efficient hot-air engine |
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| CN102606339A true CN102606339A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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| CN113565839A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-29 | 北京交通大学 | Device and method for enhancing fluid flowing and mixing in closed cavity by utilizing natural convection |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |