CN102605288A - Economical double-phase stainless steel with good welding property and manufacturing method for stainless steel - Google Patents
Economical double-phase stainless steel with good welding property and manufacturing method for stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses economical double-phase stainless steel with good welding property. The stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01 to 0.04 percent of C, 0.2 to 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 to 2.5 percent of Mn, 21.5 to 22.5 percent of Cr, 3.8 to 4.5 percent of Ni, 0.05 to 0.6 percent of Cu, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Mo, 0.16 to 0.23 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the chromium-nickel equivalent ratio Creq/Nieq is 2.3 to 2.8, Creq is %Cr+%Mo+1.5*%Si, and Nieq is %Ni+30*%C+20*%N+0.33*%Cu+0.1*%Mn. In the solidification or welding cooling process of the material, the temperature interval of a single-phase zone of ferrite is less than 5 DEG C till the single-phase temperature zone of the ferrite does not exist. After the material is welded by a conventional electric arc welding method, the austenite content in a heat affected zone is more than 35 percent, and the critical pitting temperature of a welded seam reaches over 20 DEG C and is higher than the critical pitting temperature (the typical value is 16 DEG C) of the conventional austenitic stainless steel series 316; and the steel can be used for replacing the series 316, and is particularly applied in the field of welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to duplex stainless steel and make the field; Especially a kind of economical diphase stainless steel and method of manufacture thereof with good welds property; Material solidification perhaps welds in the process of cooling, and the temperature range of ferritic single phase region is less than 5 ℃, until there not being the single-phase warm area of ferritic.Material is after conventional arc-welding method welding, and the heat affected zone austenite content is greater than 35%, and the critical pitting temperature of weld seam reaches more than 20 ℃.
Background technology
Duplex stainless steel is made up of ferritic and austenite two-phase, and wherein every phase ratio is no less than 30%.Because the characteristic of two-phase structure makes duplex stainless steel have the advantage of ferritic stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel concurrently, with the ferritic stainless steel ratio, its toughness height, brittle transition temperature are low, intergranular corrosion resistance and good welding performance.Kept the advantage that the ferritic steel thermal conductivity is high, the coefficient of expansion is little simultaneously.Its ys is compared with austenitic stainless steel and is significantly improved, and anti-chloride stress cracking corrosion cracking ability has the excellent anti-pitting and the ability of crevice corrosion simultaneously apparently higher than the austenitic stainless steel of 300 series.
Nineteen sixty-eight the stainless steel precision sweetening process--the invention of argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) makes the generation of a series of new type of stainless steel become possibility.One of many progress that AOD brought are the interpolations of alloying element nitrogen.Duplex stainless steel adds nitrogen can make the toughness of heat affected zone under the welded condition and the performance that erosion resistance approaches matrix metal, and nitrogen has also reduced the formation speed of phase between poisonous metal.Nitrogenous duplex stainless steel is called as s-generation duplex stainless steel.The 2205th, the representative steel grade of s-generation dual phase steel also is widely used in a plurality of fields such as offshore oil platform, chemical industry, papermaking.In s-generation duplex stainless steel, typical composition is that the duplex stainless steel 2304 of 23Cr-4Ni-0.12N-0.3Mo also obtains widespread use in industries such as sea water desaltination, petrochemical industry, papermaking, replaces expensive austenitic stainless steel 316 (nickeliferous 10%, contain molybdenum 2%).Since contain molybdenum less than 0.3% in 2304, nickeliferous less than 4%, therefore often be included into economical diphase stainless steel.
Economical diphase stainless steel refers in particular to one type of Cr content about 22%, and nickel content is low, contains the duplex stainless steel of a spot of molybdenum, tungsten simultaneously, owing to adopt Mn, N for Ni, so cost is lower, is the ideal material that replaces traditional austenitic stainless steel.In fact, got into since 2000, the development of duplex stainless steel presents two kinds of trend.Further improve steel interalloy constituent content on the one hand to obtain more HS and better solidity to corrosion, like Chinese patent ZL03806936.9, CN101057002 and CN1768156.Turn to exploitation to contain Cr amount about 22% on the other hand, low nickel amount and only contain the economical diphase stainless steel of a small amount of molybdenum reducing the cost and the price of duplex stainless steel, thereby increases duplex stainless steel and the stainless competitive edge of other types.
Chinese patent CN101090988 discloses a kind of duplex stainless steel that contains the low relatively Ni of content; Limit the Cr-Mo-Mn-N component so that the volume(tric)fraction of α and γ had about 50: 50; Thereby the incidence that the limit is split minimizes to improve and produces yield and reduce the processing load; Wherein, Alloy compositions comprises 19.5%～22.5% Cr, 0.5%～2.5% Mo, 1.0%～3.0% Ni, 1.5%～4.5% Mn, 0.15%～0.25% N, Fe and inevitable element, adjusts the compositing range of said alloy compositions so that said CPT is higher than 20 ℃ according to the compositing range of alloy compositions.Therefore, reduce the content of Cr, Mo and Ni and improve the content of Mn slightly, make the production cost of steel reduce; Ensure that corrosion resisting property is superior to SUS 304 steel and 316L steel; The minimizing incidence that the limit is split during by hot rolling, thus the load on the ensuing process reduced; Reduce surface imperfection, thereby improved the production yield.This patent does not relate to material welding performance.Chinese patent CN102002646A then discloses the high N duplex stainless steel of low Mo, and high N content makes mother metal have higher mechanical property and good solidity to corrosion, is used to replace 304, austenitic stainless steel such as 316L.This patent does not relate to material welding performance equally.
European patent EP 2258885 discloses a kind of V of adding and Mo content less than 1% economical diphase stainless steel, and this material weld heat-affected zone has good solidity to corrosion and plasticity and toughness.Its composition range is C≤0.06%, and Si 0.1%～1.5%, and Mn 2.0%～4.0%, P≤0.05%; S≤0.005%, Cr19.0%～23.0%, Ni 1.0%～4.0%, Mo≤1.0%; Cu 0.1%～3.0%, and V 0.05%～0.5%, and Al 0.003%～0.05%, O≤0.007%; N 0.1%～0.25%, Ti≤0.05%, and remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities.This patent is pointed out economical diphase stainless steel (is example with S32101) owing to Ni, Mo are lower, and nitrogen content is higher, and nitride appears in weld heat-affected zone separates out, because local poor chromium appears in separating out of nitride, causes weld seam solidity to corrosion and toughness to descend simultaneously.This patent of invention is through to a certain degree improving Ni and Cu content; Corresponding raising ferritic phase impelling strength especially through adding a certain amount of V, utilizes V to suppress the activity of N; Thereby avoid the nitride of weld heat-affected zone Cr to separate out, can effectively improve the solidity to corrosion and the impelling strength of weld seam.In this patent, the interpolation of V is that the nitride that suppresses Cr is separated out, and improves the corrosion proof key method of weld seam.
Patent WO2010/070202 discloses a kind of duplex stainless steel, and its composition characteristic is a Cr content 23%～27%, and Ni content 2.5%～5.0% contains a certain amount of Mo and Cu simultaneously.The spot corrosion equivalent PREN of this invention steel grade is mainly used in replacement 317 or more high-grade austenitic stainless steel greater than 28%.
The weldableness of duplex stainless steel is one of decision duplex stainless steel key in application factor.In the practical application, the use defective of duplex stainless steel joint is presented as that mainly joint fragility and solidity to corrosion descend, and concrete reason has weld seam and the imbalance of heat affected zone two-phase proportion, two second phases to separate out (intermetallic phase, nitride etc.), the embrittlement of α ' phase etc.Welded seam area mainly is made up of three parts: weld seam (welding melting area), the high-temperature heat-affected zone and the low-temperature heat zone of influence; Wherein, the commissure metal melts under hot input action, in temperature-fall period, solidifies then; High-temperature heat-affected zone and low-temperature heat zone of influence metal do not melt, and cool down then but will be heated to comparatively high temps.Wherein high-temperature heat-affected zone is because more near weld seam, so temperature is higher.In welding process; The process that the welded seam area experience heats up and lowers the temperature; (near solidifying finishing temperature) duplex stainless steel is organized as the pure ferrite phase during high temperature; The phase transformation of ferritic phase to the austenite phase takes place in temperature-fall period, and the degree of austenite phase transformation will determine cooling seam organization afterwards in the temperature-fall period, with and key property such as solidity to corrosion.If in process of cooling; The temperature that austenite begins to change mutually is lower; In other words; If begin the interval that there is broad in transition temperature from solidifying finishing temperature mutually to austenite, material can keep single-phase ferritic zone in this interval, will occur the thick coarse grain zone of crystal grain, the less problem of while austenite phase ratio so after the cooling.
In fact, S32304 is as standard prod, and its solidity to corrosion and austenitic stainless steel 316 (316L) are suitable, therefore is widely used in to replace 316 (316L).But; After typical economical diphase stainless steel 2304 welding; The thick district of crystal grain (becoming the coarse grain zone) of certain width will appear in the high-temperature heat-affected zone of weld seam, and simultaneously high-temperature heat-affected zone exists that ferrite content is higher than 65%, the austenite phase content is lower than 35% phase ratio imbalance.This tissue abnormalities causes the solidity to corrosion of economical diphase stainless steel 2304 weld heat-affected zones significantly to reduce; Corrosion such as spot corrosion occurs in the heat affected zone; Cause the solidity to corrosion of welded seam area not only to be lower than 2304 mother metals; Also be lower than 316 or the weld seam solidity to corrosion of 316L, cause needing welding field 2304 can not reach 316 performance requriements, influence it and promote the use of at some.Find that through analyzing complete ferritic phase region will appear in typical 2304 (N content 0.14%, Ni content 4%) more than 1325 ℃, this temperature to the temperature difference of solidifying finishing temperature reaches 85 ℃.Weld seam and heat affected zone temperature all will be higher than 1325 ℃ in the welding process, cause weld seam and heat affected zone must pass through single-phase ferrite area, thereby produce above-mentioned two problems: (1) ferrite crystal grain is very easily grown up, and therefore causes occurring the coarse grain zone; (2) the heat affected zone ferrite content is too high.The result causes weld seam and heat affected zone solidity to corrosion significantly to descend.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of economical diphase stainless steel and method of manufacture thereof of excellent weldability, can improve or avoid weld heat-affected zone to have coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion, guarantee that weld seam and heat affected zone have good solidity to corrosion; The equivalent of anti-spot corrosion PREN of mother metal is greater than 28, than traditional 2304 high by 2, further improves the solidity to corrosion of mother metal and weld seam.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of economical diphase stainless steel with good welds property, its composition weight percent is: C0.01%～0.04%, Si 0.2%～1.0%; Mn 1.0%～2.5%, and Cr 21.5%～22.5%, Ni3.8%～4.5%; Cu 0.05%～0.6%; Mo 1.0%～1.5%, and N 0.16%～0.23%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Wherein, Creq/Nieq=2.3～2.8, Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn.
Method of manufacture with economical diphase stainless steel of good welds property of the present invention, it comprises the steps:
1) smelts
Duplex stainless steel, its composition weight percent is: C 0.01%～0.04%, and Si 0.2%～1.0%; Mn 1.0%～2.5%, and Cr 21.5%～22.5%, and Ni 3.8%～4.5%; Cu 0.05%～0.6%; Mo 1.0%～1.5%, and N 0.16%～0.23%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Wherein, Creq/Nieq=2.3～2.8, Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn;
Vacuum induction is smelted, and the outer concise LF stove of electric furnace-argon oxygen decarburization AOD or electric furnace-argon oxygen decarburization AOD-stove is smelted;
2) die casting or continuous casting
The control superheating temperature is 30～50 ℃ during die casting, or adopts continuous casting process, and the control superheating temperature is 30～50 ℃ during continuous casting, and the slab pulling rate is 0.8～2.0m/min during continuous casting;
3) forging or hot rolling
Die casting base or continuous casting steel billet are put into process furnace be heated to 1180～1250 ℃ and insulation, on forging line or hot rolling unit, be machined to desired thickness then;
4) annealing or pickling annealing
Annealing temperature is controlled at 1020～1120 ℃, after the anneal in the duplex stainless steel austenite phase content between 40～60%.
In two-phase stainless composition of steel design of the present invention:
C, strong austenite former can replace Ni to a certain extent, promotes austenite to form, and the stable austenite tissue, can improve stainless intensity simultaneously.But when carbon content was too high, carbon combined the back to form rich chromium carbide at crystal boundary with chromium, cause intergranular corrosion.Carbide is prone to separate out in the duplex stainless steel, therefore need carbon content be controlled at lower level.In addition, the rich chromium carbide of formation also reduces the impelling strength of steel.Therefore, the design carbon content is 0.01%～0.04% in the steel of the present invention.
Si, the element that contains usually in the Manufacture Of Iron And Steel By Melting.In duplex stainless steel, silicon is that ferritic forms and stable element.Silicon is used for deoxidation in fusion process, silicon can improve the hot strength of ferritic phase simultaneously, contains the silicon more than 0.2% in the therefore general dual phase steel.Will reduce the solubleness of nitrogen when but silicone content is too high, and quicken separating out of intermetallic phase.Therefore, design of Si content is 0.2%～1.0% in the steel of the present invention.
Mn, austenite forms and stable element, can utilize manganese to replace nickel to a certain extent, obtains austenite structure, and the interpolation of manganese simultaneously can significantly improve the solubleness of nitrogen.But manganese all is negative to the influence of stainless erosion resistance basically.Therefore control Mn content is 1.0%～2.5% in the steel of the present invention, and purpose is suitably to improve the solubleness of alloy nitrogen, controls it again to corrosion proof disadvantageous effect simultaneously.
Cr is the most important element that steel obtains corrosion resistance nature.The minimum chromium content that usually obtains erosion resistance is 12%.But when chromium content is low; The Fe-Cr binary phase diagram shows martensitic phase will occur; The raising of Cr content simultaneously can significantly strengthen corrosion resistance nature, so Cr content is controlled at more than 21.5～22.5% in the steel of the present invention, has good solidity to corrosion to guarantee alloy.But when the Cr too high levels, will increase intermetallic phase and separate out, because Cr is main ferrite former, therefore too high Cr will need corresponding high Ni equivalent to cooperate with it simultaneously, to guarantee obtaining duplex structure, will cause cost of alloy significantly to rise.Therefore, chromium content is controlled at 21.5%～22.5% in the steel of the present invention.
Ni, basic austenite former is an austenizer main in austenitic stainless steel and the duplex stainless steel.And can improve the impelling strength of steel; Reduce the tough-crisp transition temperature (Ductile-brittle transition temperature is called for short DBTT) of steel, at nickel content less than 4～5% o'clock; Along with nickel content increases, impelling strength especially low-temperature impact toughness significantly improves.But, be a crucial difficult problem that reduces the Stainless Steel Production cost, so nickel content is controlled at 3.8%～4.5% in the steel of the present invention because nickel costs an arm and a leg.
N, strong austenite former.Nitrogen is to form and stable austenite key factor mutually in the dual phase steel.The adding of nitrogen simultaneously helps improving the intensity and the corrosion resistance nature of steel, especially anti-pitting attack performance and slit and corrosion resistant performance.The raising of nitrogen content can also promote the forming core and the phase transformation of austenite phase, reduces the single-phase ferritic temperature range of high temperature, helps improving welding property.When but nitrogen content is too high, with increasing the risk that forms mutually between nitrogen containing metal in the welding process, the raising that improves melting and hot worked difficulty, especially nitrogen content simultaneously will cause serious hot rolling limit to split rate, cause being difficult to producing existing producing on the line.Therefore, nitrogen in steel content of the present invention is controlled at 0.16%～0.23%.
Mo, molybdenum are very beneficial for improving the corrosion resistance nature of steel, and its mechanism is to stablize passive film and promote the enrichment of chromium element in passive film, and the main effect of adding molybdenum is to improve erosion resistance.But the molybdenum too high levels will cause fragility to quicken mutually to separate out, and increase cost of alloy simultaneously, so the molybdenum content in the steel of the present invention is controlled at 1.0～1.5%.
Cu, copper are a kind of austenite formers, and the adding of copper can improve the erosion resistance of dual phase steel in reductive acid, help improving the slit and corrosion resistant performance simultaneously.But be unfavorable for hot workability during the copper too high levels.Therefore copper content is controlled at 0.05～0.6% in the steel of the present invention.
Ni, N, Mn, Cu etc. are austenite formers, and Cr, Mo, Si etc. are ferrite formers.Usually, adopt chromium equivalent and nickel equivalent to come reference, Creq=%Cr+1.5%Mo+1.5%Si, Ni
Eq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn.Through calculating Creq and Nieq, control that the ratio (Creq/Nieq) of Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent is 2.3～2.8 in this duplex stainless steel, can guarantee that alloy obtains 40～60% austenite phase ratio after anneal on the one hand; On the other hand, guarantee the single-phase ferritic phase temperature range of alloy high-temp, until there not being the single-phase ferritic phase region of high temperature, thereby improving or avoid weld seam coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion from the high temperature cooling process, to occur less than 5 ℃.
Control that the ratio (Creq/Nieq) of Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent is 2.3～2.8 in this duplex stainless steel; Guarantee in material solidification or welding process; The temperature range of the single-phase temperature of ferritic is less than 5 ℃; Until there not being the single-phase warm area of ferritic, therefore can improve or avoid weld heat-affected zone to have coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion, guarantee that weld seam and heat affected zone have good solidity to corrosion; Through adding the Mo of high level, further improve the solidity to corrosion of mother metal and weld seam simultaneously.After the material welding; The heat affected zone austenite content is greater than 35%; The critical pitting temperature of weld seam (Critical PittingTemperature is called for short CPT) reaches more than 20 ℃, is higher than the CPT (16 ℃ of representative values) of traditional austenitic stainless steel 316 (316L); Therefore can be used to replace 316 (316L), be particularly useful for the field of needs welding.
The present invention is controlled at 3.8～4.5% with Ni content on composition; N content 0.16～0.23%; Mo content 1.0～1.5%; Wherein the Cr equivalent is 2.3～2.8 with the ratio (Creq/Nieq) of Ni equivalent, and Creq and Nieq press following formula and confirm: Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn.This Cr equivalent and Ni equivalence ratio can guarantee that the single-phase ferritic temperature of material is less than 5 ℃; Until there not being the single-phase warm area of ferritic; Therefore can improve or avoid weld heat-affected zone to have coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion, guarantee that weld seam and heat affected zone have good solidity to corrosion; Through adding the Mo of high level, further improve the solidity to corrosion of mother metal and weld seam simultaneously.This material can replace cost higher 316 and 317, especially in the field of needs welding.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) controls that the ratio (Creq/Nieq) of Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent is 2.3～2.8 in this duplex stainless steel; Through adjustment Cr equivalent and Ni equivalent; Guarantee that from solidify the finishing temperature process of cooling single-phase ferritic phase region temperature range is less than 5 ℃, until there not being the single-phase ferritic phase region of high temperature.Therefore, avoided welded seam area coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion to occur.
(2) Mo content further improves in the duplex stainless steel; The mother metal PREN that guarantees material is higher more than 2 than traditional 2304; The increase of Mo simultaneously can further improve the solidity to corrosion of weld seam; The solidity to corrosion of guaranteeing mother metal and welded seam area all is higher than 316 (316L), therefore can replace existing austenitic stainless steel 316 (316L), in particular for the field of needs welding.
(3) duplex stainless steel existing stainless steel capable of using produces the line batch process; Concrete preparation method is through vacuum induction furnace; Electric furnace-AOD stove smelting or electric furnace-AOD-LF stove are smelted the back casting, carry out hot-work then, owing to eliminate or reduced the generation of thermal crack after the hot workability improvement; Therefore improve lumber recovery, saved the processing and manufacturing cost.
(4) mother metal has suitable ratio mutually and good anti-pitting attack performance with weld seam: PREN=Cr%+3.3%Mo+16N% is greater than 28 for mother metal pitting attack equivalent value, 28 ℃～34 ℃ of critical pitting temperatures; The welded seam area critical pitting temperature is higher than 20 ℃.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that typical case 2304 calculates phasor, and single-phase ferritic warm area is interval 95 ℃ in the process of setting.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the invention 1 is calculated phasor, and single-phase ferritic warm area is interval 0 ℃ in the process of setting.
Fig. 3 is typical 2304 a welding rod arcs welding after heat zone of influence metallograph, and the high-temperature heat-affected zone ferrite crystal grain is thick, and austenite is few mutually.
Fig. 4 is typical case's 2304 welding high-temperature heat-affected zone metallographs, austenite phase content 29%.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the invention 1 a welding high-temperature heat-affected zone metallograph, austenite phase content 44%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment is an example with the Production Flow Chart that electric furnace-AOD smelts:
Adding electric furnaces such as ferrochrome, ferronickel and steel scrap are melted; After molten clear with molten steel to going into the AOD stove, in the AOD stove, take off C, take off S and increase the blowing of N, control N, when smelting composition and reach requirement; Molten steel to going into tundish, and is cast on vertical-bending caster; The superheating temperature of continuous casting is 30～50 ℃, and the slab pulling rate is 0.8～2.0m/min; Continuous casting steel billet put into roll bottom-type heating furnace and be heated to 1180～1250 ℃, after being rolled down to desired thickness on the hot continuous rolling unit, batch; Carry out the successive annealing and pickling then, annealing temperature is 1020～1120 ℃, obtains to have the tissue of ferritic-austenitic double structure.
Table 1 is depicted as the chemical ingredients of steel embodiment of the present invention, and table 1 has provided the routine as a comparison at present typical economical diphase stainless steel S32304 and the chemical ingredients of the substituted object 316L of steel plan of the present invention austenitic stainless steel simultaneously.
Table 1 gives the anti-spot corrosion equivalent value of the embodiment of the invention and contrast steel grade, calculates according to general formula PREN=Cr%+3.3Mo%+16N%.
Table 1 gives chromium equivalent Creq and the nickel equivalent Nieq and the ratio thereof of steel of the present invention and contrast steel grade, and its calculation formula is respectively Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn.
Welding process is: plasma arc welding (PAW) does not fill silk.Table 1 gives the embodiment of the invention and the mother metal of contrast steel grade and the critical pitting temperature (CPT) of weld seam; Testing method is with reference to the ASTM-G150 standard; Specific procedure is: constant externally-applied potential 750mV; Scanning material corrosion electric current is with the variation of temperature curve, and rate of rise in temperature is 1 ℃/min, to corrosion electric current density be 100 μ A/cm
2Stablize after 1 minute and finish.The definition corrosion electric current density is 100 μ A/cm
2The time pairing temperature be critical pitting temperature.Continue logical high-purity N in solution before the test and in the process of the test
2Deoxygenation.
Visible by result in the table 1, typical economical diphase stainless steel 2304 mother metal PREN are greater than 25, and CPT is higher than 26 ℃; All be higher than austenitic stainless steel 316L; But after the also visible welding of table 1, the CPT of 2304 welded seam areas significantly drops to 10～12 ℃, is lower than the CPT of 316L.The PREN of the embodiment of the invention compares with 2304 and improves more than 2, compare more with 316L to significantly improve, so the CPT of mother metal all is higher than 28 ℃.Especially after the welding, the CPT of welded seam area is higher than 20 ℃, compares with mother metal to change not quite, and its reason is as shown in Figure 5, and steel of the present invention can obtain suitable austenite phase ratio, does not have the coarse-grain zone simultaneously, has therefore kept excellent corrosion resisting performance.
In sum; The present invention is through rationally controlling Creq/Nieq ratio; The single-phase ferritic temperature range of high temperature that guarantees material to improve or to avoid weld heat-affected zone to have coarse grain zone and problem mutually out of proportion, guarantees that weld seam and heat affected zone have good solidity to corrosion less than 5 ℃ or to 0; Add the Mo of high level simultaneously, further improve the solidity to corrosion of mother metal and weld seam.
Compare with existing economical diphase stainless steel 2304, steel of the present invention has higher solidity to corrosion, and especially after the soldering, weld seam has excellent corrosion resisting performance, and particularly the solidity to corrosion of weld seam is compared with mother metal and reduced not quite.Compare with 316 series austenitic stainless steel (containing 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum); Nickel in the steel of the present invention and molybdenum content are lower; Therefore material cost is lower, and the mother metal of steel of the present invention has higher corrosion resistance nature and intensity simultaneously, and the solidity to corrosion of weld seam also is higher than the mother metal and the weld seam of 316 series austenitic stainless steel; Therefore can replace 316 expensive series austenitic stainless steel, in particular for the field of needs welding.
Claims (2)
1. economical diphase stainless steel with good welds property, its composition weight percent is: C0.01%～0.04%, Si 0.2%～1.0%; Mn 1.0%～2.5%, and Cr 21.5%～22.5%, Ni3.8%～4.5%; Cu 0.05%～0.6%; Mo 1.0%～1.5%, and N 0.16%～0.23%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Wherein, Creq/Nieq=2.3～2.8, Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn.
2. have the method for manufacture of the economical diphase stainless steel of good welds property, it comprises the steps:
1) smelt,
Duplex stainless steel, its composition weight percent is: C 0.01%～0.04%, and Si 0.2%～1.0%; Mn 1.0%～2.5%, and Cr 21.5%～22.5%, and Ni 3.8%～4.5%; Cu 0.05%～0.6%; Mo 1.0%～1.5%, and N 0.16%～0.23%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; Wherein, Creq/Nieq=2.3～2.8, Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1.5 * %Si, Nieq=%Ni+30 * %C+20 * %N+0.33 * %Cu+0.1 * %Mn;
Vacuum induction is smelted, and the outer concise LF stove of electric furnace-argon oxygen decarburization AOD or electric furnace-argon oxygen decarburization AOD-stove is smelted;
2) die casting or continuous casting
The control superheating temperature is 30～50 ℃ during die casting, or adopts continuous casting process, and the control superheating temperature is 30～50 ℃ during continuous casting, and the slab pulling rate is 0.8～2.0m/min during continuous casting;
3) forging or hot rolling
Die casting base or continuous casting steel billet are put into process furnace be heated to 1180～1250 ℃ and insulation, on forging line or hot rolling unit, be machined to desired thickness then;
4) annealing or pickling annealing,
Annealing temperature is controlled at 1020～1120 ℃, after the anneal in the duplex stainless steel austenite phase content between 40～60%.
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