CN102601389A - CNC lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, and specifically discloses a CNC lathe that can control the processing of both ends of shaft parts at the same time. The CNC lathe includes a spindle box device arranged in the middle of the bed, left and right slide devices arranged on both sides of the spindle box device, a servo drive device, a CNC tool installed on the slide device for processing workpieces, and a dual CNC numerical control device. The present invention can not only reduce the number of workpiece clamping times and improve work efficiency; at the same time, it can also reduce secondary clamping errors, ensure the consistency of workpiece processing, and improve workpiece accuracy.

Description

CNC lathe

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a cutting machine tool, in particular to a numerically controlled lathe which can separately control and process the two ends of a shaft part at the same time.

Background technique

At present, lathes for processing shaft parts first clamp the processed shaft parts once, and can only process one end of the workpiece. If two ends of a shaft are to be processed on a common lathe, one end must be processed first, then the shaft is removed and turned around, and after the second clamping, the other end of the shaft is processed. Such processing machine tools not only have low processing efficiency and high labor intensity for workers, but also have poor consistency, and it is difficult to guarantee processing accuracy. At the same time, when clamping, it is difficult to control the clamping force to be consistent with the clamping position, which makes the radial positioning of the workpiece inaccurate, resulting in very poor coaxiality after processing, which does not meet the requirements of precision shafts.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the existing lathe can only process one end of the workpiece at a time, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a numerically controlled lathe that can separately process two ends of the same workpiece without the need for a second clamping.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is:

A numerically controlled lathe, comprising a bed part; the numerically controlled lathe also comprises a spindle box device, a left slide plate device, a right slide plate device, a servo drive device, a numerically controlled tool, and a dual CNC numerical control device; the spindle box device is arranged on the bed The middle part of the body part, the headstock device includes spring collets arranged at both ends of the headstock, and a pneumatic and spring device arranged in the middle of the headstock; the CNC tool is installed on the left and right slide devices; the left and right slide devices respectively installed on the left and right sides of the spindle box device; the servo drive device drives the left and right slide plate devices to move on the X-axis and Y-axis; the dual CNC numerical control device controls the servo drive device according to a predetermined program , and the action of the spindle box device completes the processing of the workpiece.

In the numerical control lathe, the servo drive device includes an X-axis servo drive device and a Y-axis servo drive device.

Said CNC lathe, said headstock device includes collet chucks arranged at both ends of the headstock, and a pneumatic and spring device arranged in the middle of the headstock; specifically: said headstock device includes a headstock body, a left piston, Right piston, dial pin, collet, spring, sliding sleeve, taper sleeve, and main shaft; Described left piston, right piston are respectively symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of described main shaft housing; Described dial pin is close to described The outer sides of the left and right pistons; the collets are located at the left and right ends of the main shaft; the spring is located between the sliding sleeve and the taper sleeve; the taper sleeve is located at the left and right ends of the main shaft; the sliding sleeve It is arranged on the main shaft and connects the collets on the left and right sides; the main shaft is arranged in the main shaft housing.

In the numerical control lathe, a wear-resistant ring is arranged between the left and right pistons and the dial pin.

In the numerical control lathe, a synchronous wheel is connected to the left and right of the main shaft.

In the numerical control lathe, a left bearing seat is arranged on the left side of the left piston; a right bearing seat is arranged on the right side of the right piston; and a bearing is respectively installed on the left and right bearing seats.

The numerically controlled lathe is equipped with an end cover on the left and right bearing seats.

The numerical control lathe is provided with a waterproof cover on the end cover.

In the numerical control lathe, a sealing ring is provided between the end cover and the left and right bearing seats.

When the present invention is used, the workpiece is installed in the spindle box device in the middle of the bed, and the spindle box device relies on the pneumatic and spring devices inside it to drive the collets at both ends to clamp and loosen the workpiece. The end head structure allows the left and right ends of the workpiece to be exposed on the left and right sides respectively, and the left and right sliding plate devices move on the preset track driven by the servo drive device, driving the tool to process the workpiece.

The invention processes workpieces, which can realize simultaneous processing of both ends in one clamping, and the coaxiality of processed workpieces can be less than 0.005mm.

The present invention utilizes a double CNC system, which can simultaneously control the tools on the left and right sides to turn the workpiece, has high working efficiency and is easy to control.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the spindle device of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Spindle box device 21. Right top part

22. Right skateboard part 23. Left top part

24. Left skateboard part 31. The first X-axis servo drive device

32. The first Y-axis servo drive device 33. The second X-axis servo drive device

4. Bed part

101. Spindle case 102. Left piston

103. Right piston 104. Shift pin

105. Spring collet 106. Spring

107. Sliding sleeve 108. Taper sleeve

109. Main shaft 110. Wear ring

111. Synchronous wheel 112. Left bearing seat

113. Right bearing seat 114. Bearing

115. End cover 116. Waterproof cover

117. Sealing ring

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, where the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment discloses a numerically controlled lathe, which includes: a bed part 4; Front structure; a sliding device composed of the right top part 21, the right skateboard part 22, the left top part 23, and the left skateboard part 24. The right top part 21 and the right skateboard part 22 are installed on the right side of the spindle device 1, and the left top part 23, and the left slide part 24 are installed on the left side of the spindle device 1; the cutters for processing workpieces are installed on the left and right slide parts (22, 24), including tool holders and tool holders; the first X-axis servo drive 31. The first Y-axis servo drive device 32, the second X-axis servo drive device 33, and the second Y-axis servo drive device (not shown in the figure, it has the same function as the first Y-axis servo drive device 32 and is symmetrical in position) A servo drive device is formed; a dual CNC numerical control device controls the servo drive device and the headstock device to operate according to a predetermined program to complete the processing of the workpiece.

Double CNC numerical control device, pre-set the processing route of the part, process parameters, tool trajectory, displacement, cutting parameters (spindle revolutions, feed rate, tool engagement, etc.) and auxiliary functions (tool change, spindle forward rotation) , reversing, cutting fluid on, off, etc.), according to the instruction code and program format specified by the CNC lathe, write a processing program list, and then record the contents of the program list on the control medium (such as punched paper tape, tape, disk, etc.) , magnetic bubble memory), and then input into the numerical control device of the CNC lathe, thereby controlling the action of the spindle box device and the servo drive device, the servo drive device drives the slide plate device, and the tool installed on the slide plate device completes the processing of the workpiece. The dual CNC numerical control device of the present invention can respectively control the first X-axis servo drive device 31, the first Y-axis servo drive device 32, the second X-axis servo drive device 33, and the second Y-axis servo drive device on the left and right sides according to a predetermined program. The driving device operates and the headstock device operates, but the purpose of simultaneous processing of the left and right ends is realized.

As shown in Figure 2, the spindle box device comprises a spindle box body 101, a left piston 102, a right piston 103, a dial pin 104, a collet 105, a spring 106, a sliding sleeve 107, a taper sleeve 108, and a main shaft 109; the left piston 102 1. The right piston 103 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main shaft housing 101 respectively; the dial pin 104 is close to the outside of the left piston 102 and the right piston 103; the spring collet 105 is arranged on the left and right ends of the main shaft 109; 106 is located in the middle of the sliding sleeve 107 and the taper sleeve 108; the taper sleeve 108 is mounted on the left and right ends of the main shaft 109; the sliding sleeve 107 is located on the main shaft 109 and connects the collets 105 on the left and right sides; the main shaft 109 is arranged in the spindle housing 101 .

As shown in Figure 2, a wear ring 110 is provided between the left piston 102, the right piston 103 and the dial pin 104; a synchronous wheel 111 is connected to the left and right of the main shaft 109; Bearing block 112 is provided with a right bearing block 113 on the right side of the right piston 103, and a bearing 114 is respectively installed on the left and right bearing blocks (112, 113); Cover 115; a waterproof cover 116 is installed on the end cover 115; a sealing ring 117 is arranged between the end cover 115 and the left and right bearing seats (112, 113).

When the present invention works, the air source and the power supply are first connected, and the feeding cylinder is controlled by the function key, and the shaft workpiece passes through the feeding channel, and is clamped to the spindle box device 1 under the action of the pneumatic system, and the pneumatic clamping structure of the spindle box device 1 After the shaft workpiece is fixed, ensure that the shaft workpiece and the left top part 23 and the right top part 21 are on the same axis. Write the processing program according to the processing requirements of both ends of the workpiece, input the dual CNC control system, and then start the cycle button. The X2-axis servo drive part 33 and the Y2-axis servo part control the right top part 21 to slide on the left slide part 24 and the right slide part 22 at the same time, so as to realize cutting the right end of the shaft workpiece. The X1-axis servo drive part 31 and the Y1-axis servo part 32 simultaneously control the right top part 21 to slide on the left slide part 24 and the right slide part 22, so as to realize cutting the left end of the shaft workpiece. After the cutting process, the shaft workpiece, under the action of the pneumatic system, passes through the unloading device (not shown, which is a common device unit) and comes out of the discharge channel. At the same time, a cutting system (not shown) is installed inside the machine tool out, it is a common device unit). Such an implementation method can not only reduce the number of times of workpiece clamping and improve work efficiency; at the same time, it can also reduce secondary clamping errors, ensure the consistency of workpiece processing, and improve the accuracy of workpieces.

The spindle box part of the present invention is mainly that the double CNC numerical control device issues instructions, and the air pressure is passed into, and the left piston 102 and the right piston 103 are moved outward from the middle to the two ends under the action of the air pressure, thereby pushing the dial pins 104 on both sides to move outwards, dialing When the pin 104 moves outwards, it drives the sliding sleeve 107 to move outwards, and pushes the spring 106 to shrink inward and is in a compressed state. After overcoming the spring pressure, the collets 105 on both sides are pushed outward, so that the collets 105 are opened. The shaft workpiece can be smoothly entered into the collet. After the air pressure is turned on, the left piston 102 and the right piston 103 are moved inward from both ends to the middle under the action of air pressure, thereby pushing the dial pins 104 on both sides to move inward, and the dial pin 104 drives the sliding sleeve 107 while moving inward Move inwardly, and the tension force of spring release pushes collet 105 to move inwardly at the same time, thereby makes collet 105 clamp shaft workpiece, so just can process shaft workpiece. Because, for the left and right pistons, the dial pins on both sides are finally disengaged from the pull pins, and the dial pins on both sides act on the sliding sleeves on both sides, and the sliding sleeves are connected with the collets and springs on both sides, and the workpiece is clamped by the force of the spring. Clamping can realize and guarantee that two collets are clamped and released at the same time.

By processing shaft workpieces in the present invention, both ends can be processed at the same time by clamping once, and the coaxiality of the processed products is less than 0.005mm. The invention has good rigidity, and the pneumatic clamping structure of the spindle box ensures high precision. The present invention adopts double CNC system, which can control the turning process of both ends at the same time. The invention has high working efficiency, saves manpower and is easy to operate.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been introduced in detail above, and the principles and implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention have been explained by using specific examples in this paper. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only applicable to help understand the embodiments of the present invention At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A numerically controlled lathe, comprising a bed part, is characterized in that: The CNC lathe also includes a spindle box device, a left slide device, a right slide device, a servo drive device, a CNC tool, and a dual CNC device; The headstock device is arranged in the middle of the bed part, and the headstock device includes collets arranged at both ends of the headstock, and a pneumatic and spring device arranged in the middle of the headstock; The numerical control tool is installed on the left and right slide device; The left and right sliding plate devices are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the headstock device; The servo drive device drives the left and right slider devices to move on the X-axis and the Y-axis; The dual CNC numerical control device controls the action of the servo drive device and the headstock device according to a predetermined program to complete the processing of the workpiece. 2. CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo drive device includes an X-axis servo drive device and a Y-axis servo drive device. 3. CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The headstock device includes collet chucks arranged at both ends of the headstock, and a pneumatic and spring device arranged in the middle of the headstock; specifically: The spindle box device includes a spindle box (101), a left piston (102), a right piston (103), a dial pin (104), a collet (105), a spring (106), a sliding sleeve (107), a cone Cover (108), and main shaft (109); The left piston (102) and the right piston (103) are respectively symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the spindle housing (101); The dial pin (104) is close to the outside of the left and right pistons (102, 103); The collet chuck (105) is arranged at the left and right ends of the main shaft (109); The spring (106) is arranged between the sliding sleeve (107) and the taper sleeve (108); The taper sleeve (108) is mounted on the left and right ends of the main shaft (109); The sliding sleeve (107) is arranged on the main shaft (109), and connects the collets (105) on the left and right sides; The main shaft (109) is arranged in the main shaft housing (101). 4. CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wear ring (110) is arranged between the left and right pistons (102, 103) and the dial pin (104). 5. CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A synchronous wheel (111) is connected to the left and right of the main shaft (109). 6. CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A left bearing seat (112) is arranged on the left side of the left piston (102); A right bearing seat (113) is arranged on the right side of the right piston (103); A bearing (114) is respectively installed on the left and right bearing seats (112, 113). 7. CNC lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: An end cover (115) is housed in the left and right bearing seats (112, 113). 8. CNC lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: A waterproof cover (116) is installed on the end cover (115). 9. CNC lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing ring (117) is arranged between the end cover (115) and the left and right bearing seats (112, 113).

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