CN102599884A - Laser early cancer diagnosis instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser early cancer diagnosis instrument. A frequency multiplier (2), a frequency mixer (3), a frequency divider (4) and an optical filter (5) are sequentially placed on the optical path between its laser (1) and the fiber coupler (6); The optical path of the frequency converter (4) is equipped with a photoelectric converter (11) that provides an acquisition trigger signal; the conduction optical fiber (7) is made up of an incident optical fiber (71) and a receiving optical fiber (72); the receiving optical fiber (72) is connected to the computer (12 ) are provided with a band-pass filter (9) and a photodetector (10) for receiving fluorescent signals; It is electrically connected with the output device (13), used to control the laser (1), integrate the collected fluorescence signal using the time domain method, and send the result of comparison with the fluorescence signal of normal tissue to the output device (13 )show. It can effectively diagnose many kinds of early cancers.

Description

Laser early cancer diagnosis instrument

technical field

The invention relates to a diagnostic instrument, in particular to a laser early cancer diagnostic instrument.

Background technique

Since Alfano et al. discovered in 1984 that low-power lasers could induce autofluorescence in breast and lung tissues, and Richards et al. used lasers with a wavelength of 290-600 nm to induce autofluorescence in colonic mucosal tissue, many scholars have begun to study the use of laser-induced fluorescence (laser-induced fluorescence). inducedfluorescence (LIF) technology for spectral analysis to diagnose early colorectal malignancies. LIF technology has proposed a new and effective diagnostic approach and method in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and has made great progress in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions, and created a new tumor detection method-light biopsy. At present, LIF diagnostic instruments are mostly composed of excitation light source, conductive optical fiber, optical coupler, polychromator, optical multi-channel analysis system (OMA) and computer. It is 100% and the negative coincidence rate is 94%. It provides a relatively reliable means for early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer, but there are also insurmountable deficiencies. secondly, because the detected fluorescence spectrum line is too weak and unclear, so the professional technical level of the operator is very high; thirdly, the whole set of equipment is expensive, more than 1 million yuan, which makes its popularization and application and industry It is difficult to carry out the transformation, resulting in the lack of competitiveness of products in the market.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a laser early cancer diagnostic instrument with a large diagnostic range, easy operation, low price and good quality.

In order to solve the technical problems of the present invention, the technical solution adopted is: the laser early cancer diagnostic instrument comprises a laser, an optical fiber coupler, a conducting optical fiber and a computer, especially,

A frequency multiplier, a frequency mixer, a frequency divider and an optical filter are sequentially arranged on the emission optical path between the laser and the fiber coupler, for outputting laser light with a wavelength of 350-380nm;

A photoelectric converter is placed on the emission optical path of the frequency divider, which is used to provide a trigger signal for fluorescence signal collection;

The guide fiber is composed of an incident fiber and a receiving fiber;

A band-pass filter and a photodetector are placed on the receiving optical path between the receiving optical fiber and the computer for receiving the fluorescent signal emitted by the measured object after being irradiated by laser light;

The computer is electrically connected to the laser, the photoelectric converter, the photodetector and the output device respectively, and is used to control the laser, integrate and process the collected fluorescence signal using the time domain method, and compare it with the fluorescence signal of normal tissue. The results are sent to the output device for display.

As a further improvement of the laser early cancer diagnostic instrument, the laser is composed of a total reflection mirror, a Q-switched crystal, a polarizer, a laser crystal, and an output mirror that are sequentially placed on the oscillating optical path, and the output laser wavelength is 1064nm; The first reflector and the second reflector arranged at an angle of 45 degrees to the incident light are arranged successively on the emission optical path between the laser output mirror and the frequency multiplier; the frequency multiplier is a BBO crystal; The frequency mixer is a BBO crystal; the emission light path between the frequency divider and the optical filter is sequentially provided with a light barrier and a third reflector arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the incident light; the third reflector The mirror is coated with a total reflection film for 355nm wavelength light, and an optical anti-reflection film for 532nm and 1064nm wavelength; the photoelectric converter is located on the emission light path with a wavelength of 532nm or 1064nm separated by the frequency divider; There are more than two receiving optical fibers and they are arranged symmetrically around the incident optical fiber; the optical filter filters other wavelength light and only passes 350-380nm wavelength light.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect is that a frequency multiplier, a frequency mixer, a frequency divider and an optical filter are sequentially arranged on the emission optical path between the laser and the fiber coupler, and the emission optical path of the frequency divider is equipped with The photoelectric converter, the transmission fiber is composed of the incident fiber and the receiving fiber, and the receiving optical path between the receiving fiber and the computer is equipped with a bandpass filter and a photodetector, and the computer is connected with the laser, the photoelectric converter, and the photodetector respectively. The technical scheme of electrical connection with the output device is based on the applicant's normalization of a large number of experimental results: different human normal tissues and corresponding cancer tissues have similar spectral distributions, and the two are only in the There is a difference in the intensity of the spectrum. For this reason, the applicant irradiates the measured object--human tissue with a laser that is ahead of the appropriate wavelength band, and at the same time integrates the autofluorescence signal generated by it using the time-domain method, so that the extremely weak fluorescence signal is integrated and processed. A clear and unambiguous fluorescent waveform intensity signal is integrated, which is then compared with the fluorescent signal of known normal tissues to obtain accurate diagnostic results. Therefore, the scope of diagnosis of the present invention is greatly expanded, and the technical level of operators is greatly reduced, and the operation is extremely simple, and the price is cheap. The total cost of the whole machine is only about 200,000 yuan.

As a further embodiment of the beneficial effect, one is that the laser is preferably composed of a total reflection mirror, a Q-switched crystal, a polarizer, a laser crystal, and an output mirror that are sequentially placed on the oscillating optical path. Cancer provides a laser source with a suitable wavelength band; the second is that the first reflector and the second reflector that are set at an angle of 45 degrees to the incident light are preferably arranged in sequence on the emission light path between the laser output mirror and the frequency multiplier, which greatly improves the The volume of the diagnostic instrument is reduced; the third is that the frequency multiplier is preferably BBO crystal, and the mixer is preferably BBO crystal, which not only works stably and reliably, but also has the advantage of strong versatility; fourth is the gap between the frequency divider and the filter. It is preferable to place a light barrier and a third mirror set at an angle of 45 degrees to the incident light in sequence on the emission light path of the light emission, which not only greatly reduces the influence of light with a wavelength of 532nm or 1064nm, but also further reduces the diagnostic equipment. The fifth is that the third reflector is preferably coated with a total reflection film for light with a wavelength of 355nm, and an anti-reflection film for light with a wavelength of 532nm and 1064nm, which is beneficial to only light with a wavelength of 355nm as a laser source for irradiating human tissue; six is The photoelectric converter is preferably located on the optical path with a wavelength of 532nm or 1064nm separated by the frequency divider, which is convenient for controlling the acquisition of the starting time of the autofluorescent signal emitted by the measured object after being irradiated by laser light; seven is that the receiving optical fiber is preferably two The above and the symmetrical arrangement around the incident optical fiber are conducive to the collection of autofluorescence signals more fully and completely; eighth, the filter is preferably used to filter other wavelengths of light, and only passes through the filter of 350-380nm wavelength light to ensure that the laser light irradiating human tissues in the appropriate band.

Description of drawings

The preferred modes of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a kind of basic structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser and related optical components on the optical path before the optical fiber in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of the guiding fiber in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a fluorescence contrast diagram between human normal intestinal tissue and intestinal cancer tissue; the abscissa in the figure is time, and the ordinate is voltage.

Fig. 5 is a fluorescence contrast diagram between human normal gastric tissue and gastric cancer tissue; the abscissa in the figure is time, and the ordinate is voltage.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the laser early cancer diagnostic instrument consists of a laser 1, a frequency multiplier 2, a frequency mixer 3, a frequency divider 4, an optical filter 5, and a fiber coupler 6 arranged in sequence on the emission optical path. And conduction optical fiber 7 and photoelectric converter 11, the band-pass filter 9 and photodetector 10 that are provided with on the receiving optical path, and the laser 1 that is electrically connected with computer 12, photoelectric converter 11, photodetector 10 and output device 13 poses. in:

The laser 1 is composed of a total reflection mirror 101, a Q-switching crystal 102, a polarizer 103, a laser crystal 104 and an output mirror 105 arranged in sequence on the oscillating optical path, and the output laser wavelength is 1064nm.

A frequency multiplier 2, a frequency mixer 3, a frequency divider 4 and an optical filter 5 arranged in sequence on the emission optical path between the above-mentioned laser 1 and the fiber coupler 6 are used to output laser light with a wavelength of 350-380nm. .

The photoelectric converter 11 disposed on the emission optical path of the frequency divider 4 is used to provide a trigger signal for fluorescence signal collection.

The guide fiber 7 is composed of an incident fiber 71 and a receiving fiber 72 .

The band-pass filter 9 and the photodetector 10 placed on the receiving optical path between the receiving optical fiber 72 and the computer 12 are used to receive the fluorescent signal emitted by the measured object 8 after being irradiated by laser light.

The computer 12 is electrically connected to the laser 1, the photoelectric converter 11, the photodetector 10, and the output device 13, respectively, and is used to control the laser 1, integrate the collected fluorescent signal using the time domain method, and compare it with normal tissue The results of the comparison of the fluorescent signals are sent to the output device 13 for display.

In order to further optimize the performance of the present invention and reduce its volume, the first reflection mirror 14 and the second reflector 14 which are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees to the incident light are sequentially placed on the emission optical path between the output mirror 105 of the laser 1 and the frequency multiplier 2. Two reflecting mirrors 15; the frequency multiplier 2 and the frequency mixer 3 are selected as BBO crystals; the light bar 16 is arranged successively on the emission light path between the frequency divider 4 and the optical filter 5 and is set at an angle of 45 degrees with the incident light The third reflector 17; the third reflector 17 is coated with a total reflection film to the light of 355nm wavelength, and an anti-reflection film to the light of 532nm and 1064nm wavelength; 532nm or 1064nm on the emission light path; the receiving optical fiber 72 is two and is arranged symmetrically around the incident optical fiber 71; the optical filter 5 is for filtering other wavelengths of light, and only passes through the optical filter of 350～380nm wavelength light, and the computer 12 is a microcomputer ; The output device 13 is a display or a printer.

When in use, only need to irradiate the laser light derived from the incident fiber 71 on the measured object 8 - human tissue, and the output device 13 can obtain the diagnosis result as or similar to that shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 .

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the laser early cancer diagnostic instrument of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A laser early cancer diagnostic instrument, comprising laser (1), fiber coupler (6), conduction fiber (7) and computer (12), is characterized in that: A frequency multiplier (2), a frequency mixer (3), a frequency divider (4) and an optical filter (5) are sequentially arranged on the emission optical path between the laser (1) and the fiber coupler (6), It is used to output laser with a wavelength of 350-380nm; A photoelectric converter (11) is placed on the emission optical path of the frequency divider (4), which is used to provide a trigger signal for fluorescent signal acquisition; The guide optical fiber (7) is composed of an incident optical fiber (71) and a receiving optical fiber (72); A bandpass filter (9) and a photodetector (10) are installed on the receiving optical path between the receiving optical fiber (72) and the computer (12), for receiving the light emitted by the measured object (8) after being irradiated by laser light. the fluorescent signal; The computer (12) is electrically connected to the laser (1), the photoelectric converter (11), the photodetector (10) and the output device (13) respectively, and is used to control the laser (1) and use the collected fluorescence signal The time-domain method carries out integral processing, and the result after comparing it with the fluorescence signal of normal tissue is sent to the output device (13) for display. 2. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser (1) is sequentially provided with a total reflection mirror (101), a Q-switched crystal (102), and a polarizer (103) on the oscillating optical path. , a laser crystal (104) and an output mirror (105), the output laser wavelength is 1064nm. 3. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitting light path between the laser (1) output mirror (105) and the frequency multiplier (2) is sequentially provided with an angle of 45 degrees to the incident light. A first reflector (14) and a second reflector (15) are provided. 4. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency doubler (2) is a BBO crystal. 5. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixer (3) is a BBO crystal. 6. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that on the emission light path between the frequency divider (4) and the optical filter (5), a light barrier (16) and an optical barrier (16) are arranged successively with the incident light. The third reflection mirror (17) that 45 degree angles are arranged. 7. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that the third reflector (17) is coated with a total reflection film for light with a wavelength of 355nm, and an anti-reflection film for light with a wavelength of 532nm and 1064nm. 8. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the photoelectric converter (11) is located on the emission light path with a wavelength of 532nm or 1064nm separated by the frequency divider (4). 9. The laser early cancer diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that there are more than two receiving optical fibers (72) and are arranged symmetrically around the incident optical fiber (71). 10. The laser early cancer diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical filter (5) is an optical filter for filtering light of other wavelengths and only passing light of 350-380nm wavelength.

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