CN102595921B - Chewing gums having improved removability based on linear viscoelastic shear rheology - Google Patents

Abstract

A chewing gum, when chewed, produces a cud having improved removability from environmental surfaces by virtue of its linear viscoelastic shear rheology. The cud has a specified temperature dependent storage modulus differential ( logG'/ T) at 25 DEG C and 60 DEG C. Specifically, the cud has a temperature dependent storage modulus differential less than 0.050

Description

The chewing gum of erasability is improved based on linear viscoelasticity shear rheology

With the cross reference of related application

This application claims No. 61/241080, the U.S. Provisional Application submitted on September 10th, 2009, the rights and interests of No. 61/325542, U.S. Provisional Application that No. 61/325529, the U.S. Provisional Application that No. 61/263462, the U.S. Provisional Application that on November 23rd, 2009 submits to, on April 19th, 2010 submit to, on April 19th, 2010 submit to, all above-mentioned U.S. Provisional Applications are incorporated by reference at this.

Background of invention

The present invention relates to chewing gum and matrix.More particularly, the present invention relates to chewing gum and the matrix of improvement, its group of chewing formed relies on them to improve from the erasability of environmental surfaces the linear viscoelasticity shear rheology response of variations in temperature.

The solvent of chewing gum is typically water-insoluble base portion and common water soluble bulk portion.Typically, elastomeric polymer is that product provides distinctive Chewy quality.Matrix typically comprises other compositions that character or subsidiary products processing are chewed in amendment.These compositions comprise plasticizer, softening agent, filler, emulsifying agent, plastic resin and colouring agent and antioxidant.The usual water-soluble portion of chewing gum typically comprises extender and a small amount of accessory constituent, such as flavor enhancement, high intensity sweetner, colouring agent, water soluble emollient, colloid emulsifying agent, acidulant and sensitizer.Typically, period dissipation chewed by water soluble bulk portion, sensitizer and flavor enhancement, and matrix is retained in mouth in whole mastication processes.Although flavor enhancement and sensitizer are water-insoluble often, they discharge at least partly during chewing together with water-soluble bulk, and are taken as a part for water-soluble portion.

A problem of conventional gum base is that the group of chewing of chewing abandoned not at that time, the public hazards that colloid discarded object produces.Although the group of chewing of chewing can easily be discarded in dustbin by consumer, some consumers have a mind to or by mistake the group of chewing are discarded in pavement or other environmental surfaces.The character of conventional gum base can make the improper group of chewing abandoned attach to environmental surfaces, trampled into embedding jail subsequently by pedestrian flat piece, and it may extremely difficultly be removed.

The present invention relates to new chewing gum and matrix, its group of chewing produced when chewing relies on the linear rheological property of their uniquenesses, shows and improve from the erasability of environmental surfaces time compared with most of commercially available chewing gum.Specifically, the group of chewing that chewing gum of the present invention produces, because their storage modulus at 25 DEG C and 60 DEG C (G ') differ from minimum, thus shows the erasability of raising.

Invention summary

A kind of chewing gum, the group of chewing that generation temperature dependency storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) that it is formulated into (after chewing) is less than 0.050.Described chewing gum contains the water-insoluble base portion of Δ the logG '/Δ T of water-soluble portion and the primary responsibility impact group of chewing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the figure of storage modulus (G ') to temperature of selected embodiment.

Fig. 2 is to the figure of temperature dependency storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) from the removing residual quantity of the group of chewing that various of the present invention and comparative chewing gum formulations is formed.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

The invention provides chewing gum and the chewing gum base of improvement, and produce the method for chewing gum and chewing gum base.According to the present invention, provide new chewing gum base and chewing gum, its cause the group of chewing when use rotational rheometer measure and according to equation: abs [log G ' _{60 DEG C}– logG ' _{25 DEG C}]/(60 DEG C-25 DEG C) calculate time, show the temperature dependency storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) being less than 0.050.(method detailed is hereafter describing.）

Use matrix system described below, various matrix and the chewing gum of the requirement of satisfied declared invention can be formulated.In some embodiments, the invention provides the chewing gum containing matrix, described matrix is the content of wax or the conventional matrix without wax.In some embodiments, the invention provides the low or high-moisture chewing gum that can contain a small amount of or a large amount of moisture content syrup.Low moisture chewing gum contain lower than 1.5% or lower than 1% or even lower than 0.5% water.On the contrary, high-moisture chewing gum contain higher than 1.5% or higher than 2% or even higher than 2.5% water.Chewing gum can be usual sugar-containing chewing gum, or can be use the low sugar made of D-sorbite, mannitol, other polyalcohols and non-saccharide carbohydrate and sugarfree chewing gum formulations.

Although Δ logG '/Δ T determines primarily of water-insoluble rubber-based composition, the component in usual water miscible incremental portion also may apply at least minor effect to the rheological property of the group of chewing.Flavor enhancement and sensitizer (and forming other water-msoluble ingredients of a small amount of percentage of usual water soluble bulk portion) may affect (Δ logG '/Δ T) especially.

Chewing gum known is at present after chewing, and typically produce storage modulus is about 10 at 37 DEG C ⁵to about 10 ⁷group's of chewing (when measuring according to the carrying out described in the rheology method of testing provided herein) of Pa, chews character to provide gratifying under room temperature and oral temperature.But at relatively high temperatures, G ' declines fast, typically at 60 DEG C lower than 10 ⁵pa.Do not wish to be bound by theory, it is believed that group chewed by the chewing gum produced from such product relatively solid and do not flow under oral cavity or room temperature, but can flow into by the hole in coarse environmental surfaces such as concrete that summer, the sun heated and crack.When concrete cools afterwards, the group of chewing returns its more solid quality, and can machinery " locking " in rough concrete surface.After the circulation of repeatedly such hot/cold, chewing gum is chewed group and is become the concrete that may stick from it hardly and remove.On the contrary, chewing gum of the present invention chews group compared with the chewing gum of prior art, can have similar G ', but have higher G ' under room temperature with oral temperature at 60 DEG C.As a result, essence change does not occur in the viscoelastic properties temperature range that concrete experiences out of doors of the group of chewing, and the group of chewing does not show flowing and locking circulation, does not at least reach and chews the identical degree of group with the chewing gum of prior art.

Typically, matrix used in the present invention has enough chews cohesion, makes the chewing gum compositions containing this material form the independently chewing gum with the acceptable chew characteristics of consumer and chews group.

In some embodiments of the present invention, chew character to remain acceptable, the group of chewing that chewing gum produces, when measuring as described herein, has 10 at 37 DEG C ⁵pa to 10 ⁷the storage modulus of Pa (G ').

In some embodiments, the matrix that chewing gum comprises contains the food-grade triblock copolymer with soft mid-block and hard end-blocks of A-B-A or A-B-C form, wherein soft mid-block accounts at least 30 % by weight of triblock copolymer, and wherein hard end-blocks has the T lower than 70 DEG C separately _g, as disclosed in common US61/241080 pending application.

Utilize in the embodiment of triblock copolymer of the present invention, A-B-A or A-B-C that triblock copolymer has soft mid block polymers and two hard end-blocks polymer covalent bondings constructs.Soft mid-block refers to that centre or " B " block are significantly made up of lower than the polymer of oral temperature glass transition temperature.Specifically, the polymer of formation soft segment has the T lower than 20 DEG C _g.Preferably, the polymer of formation soft segment has the T lower than 10 DEG C _g.More preferably, the polymer of formation soft segment has the T lower than 0 DEG C _g.Flexible polymer also has 10 under 37 DEG C and 1 rad/sec ³to 10 ⁸complex shear modulus between Pascal.Preferably, 37 DEG C and 1 rad/sec down cut storage modulus 10 ⁴to 10 ⁷between, more preferably 5 × 10 ⁵to 5 × 10 ⁶between.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polyisoprene.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises poly-(6-methylcaprolactone).In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises poly-(6-butyl-6-caprolactone).In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises other polymer of the 6-caprolactone that alkyl or aryl replaces.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises dimethyl silicone polymer.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polybutadiene.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polycyclic octene.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polyvinyl laurate.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polyoxyethylene.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polyformaldehyde.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polymenthide.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises poly-farnesene.In embodiments, soft mid-block comprises polyoxyethylene lauryl alkene.In some embodiments, soft mid-block can be random or alternate copolymer.In general, soft mid-block is amorphous under typical storage or oral temperature.But for soft mid-block, it may be acceptable for having some semi-crystalline regions.

Hard end-blocks refers to that end or " A " and/or " C " block comprise T _ghigher than the substantially the same polymer of about 20 DEG C (when A-B-A form) or perhaps incompatible polymers (in A-B-C form) mutually.Preferably, the polymer forming hard end-blocks has higher than 30 DEG C or even higher than the T of 40 DEG C _g.The T of hard polymer _gso low that to be enough to allow convenient and effective processing, be also important, particularly when triblock copolymer or three block elastomer systems are used as the sole component in matrix.Therefore, hard polymer should have lower than 70 DEG C, preferably lower than the T of 60 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 20 DEG C to 70 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 20 DEG C to 60 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 30 DEG C to 70 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 30 DEG C to 60 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 40 DEG C to 70 DEG C _g.In embodiments, hard polymer has the T between 40 DEG C to 60 DEG C _g.Use has this T _gthe hard polymer of scope, allows to reduce processing temperature, reduce mixing moment of torsion and shorten incorporation time.This causes energy save and effectively increase mixed.Mixing in extruder continuously, alleviate the problem that excess calories gathers.In embodiments, hard end-blocks comprises polylactide (PLA).In embodiments, hard end-blocks comprises polyvinyl acetate.In embodiments, hard end-blocks comprises PET.In embodiments, hard end-blocks comprises polyglycolic acid.In embodiments, hard end-blocks comprises poly-(propyl methacrylate).In some embodiments, hard end-blocks can be random or alternate copolymer.Typically, hard end-blocks is storing and is being amorphous or hemicrystalline under chewing temperature.

Preferably, soft mid-block is incompatible each other with hard end-blocks, with the formation of maximum internal microcell, as mentioned below.The method of testing consistency is also hereafter describing.

Just as known in the art, glass transition temperature that is hard and soft segment can use means of differential scanning calorimetry art (DSC) general measure.The DSC thermal map of triblock copolymer of the present invention demonstrates two (or when A-B-C triblock copolymer may three) glass transitions; Low-temperature transformation corresponds to the T of soft segment _g, one or two high temperature transformation corresponds to the T of hard block _g.(see Fig. 1).The transformation detecting hard block may be difficult in some cases, particularly when soft segment greatly exceedes 50% of total polymer mass.Under these circumstances, the similar homopolymers of molecular weight that is a kind of or these two kinds of blocks can be synthesized and tested by DSC, to determine T _g.

In triblock copolymer used in the present invention, soft mid-block accounts at least 40%, preferably at least 50% or at least 60% of total polymer weight.Which ensure that polymer is provided in matrix the elasticity played needed for elastomer effect.The remainder of triblock copolymer comprises hard end-blocks.Therefore, the combined wt of two end-blocks by lower than 60% of total polymer weight, preferably lower than 50% or 40%.

In most of the cases, particularly when triblock copolymer has A-B-A structure, two hard end-blocks have roughly equal molecular weight.That is, the ratio of their molecular weight is between 0.8:1 to 1:1.But, also contemplate them and may have the length obviously do not waited, such as 0.75:1 or 0.70:1 or 0.60:1 or even 0.50:1 or 0.30:1, particularly when triblock copolymer has A-B-C structure.

Select the molecular weight of triblock copolymer, to provide required texture attribute when being incorporated in chewing gum base or chewing gum.For this reason, the composition along with selected concrete polymer blocks and matrix or chewing gum product becomes by the suitableeest molecular weight, but it generally will in 6,000 to 400,000 daltonian scope.More typically, it is 20,000 to 150, in 000 daltonian scope.There is the triblock copolymer of HMW, too being firmly difficult to chew when mixing matrix and chewing gum compositions.In addition, they may be difficult to processing.The triblock copolymer that molecular weight is large not may lack suitable chewing cohesion, consolidation and chew elasticity, and also may cause management and foodsafety worry.

Such triblock copolymer, when being incorporated in matrix and chewing gum and chew, can produce that to have declared temperature dependency storage modulus poor and by the group of chewing removed from environmental surfaces easier during improper abandoning.It is believed that this is the formation due to internal structure, it optimizes the cohesion of the group of chewing and makes the change of the temperature correlation in its viscoelastic properties be down to minimum, and this temperature correlation change causing flowing and locking circulation, causes the group of chewing seriously to attach to rough surface.These internal structures by microfacies distinguish from and the Ying Heruan district of polymer molecule subsequently sequence caused by.

In some embodiments of the present invention, matrix contains the combination of triblock copolymer as above and diblock copolymer, and described diblock copolymer comprises the compatible soft segment of the soft at least one hard block corresponding to triblock copolymer and hard block.In these embodiments, diblock copolymer makes triblock copolymer plastify, with provide with conventional elastomers/plasticizer system chew the consistent plasticizing elastomeric material of character.Diblock plasticizer also can provide other benefits, such as, control the release of flavor enhancement, sweetener and other active components, and reduces the surface interaction of the group of chewing that abandons with the erasability of raising from environmental surfaces.

In other embodiments, chewing gum is included in crosslinked polymer particles disclosed in common US pending application 61/263462.Crosslinked polymer can have lower than about 30 DEG C or lower than about 10 DEG C or even lower than the glass transition temperature of about 0 DEG C.In some embodiments, crosslinked polymer can have lower than about 10 at 25 DEG C ⁹dyne/cm ², or lower than about 10 ⁷dyne/cm ²complex modulus (G ^*).In another embodiment, may wish that the polymer be cross-linked has higher than about 10 ⁴dyne/cm ², or higher than about 10 ⁵dyne/cm ²complex modulus (G ^*).

Particulate can have at least about 0.1 micron or at least about 0.5 micron or at least about the full-size of 10 microns.Particulate can have and is less than about 1000 microns or be less than about 500 microns or be less than the full-size of about 100 microns.

In some embodiments, particulate can comprise food grade polymer, and can be plastified or can not be plastified.In these and other embodiment, polymer can comprise polyacrylate, polyurethanes or their copolymer.If need polyacrylate, described polyacrylate can be prepared from comprising Isooctyl acrylate monomer, acrylic acid 4-methyl-2-pentyl ester, acrylic acid 2-methylbutyl butenoate, isoamyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-EHA, isodecyl methacrylate, acrylic acid ester in the different ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems, isodecyl acrylate or its at least one acrylate monomer combined.In certain embodiments, when hope uses polyacrylate, it can be prepared from Isooctyl acrylate monomer, 2-EHA, n-butyl acrylate or its combination.

In other embodiments, as disclosed in common US 61/325542 pending application, the matrix that chewing gum comprises contains the low molecular weight polyethylene of weight average molecular weight between 2000 to 23000 dalton of 45 % by weight to 95 % by weight.In some embodiments, matrix comprises the polyethylene of 50 % by weight to 75 % by weight or 55 % by weight to 70 % by weight.In some embodiments, matrix comprises at least one elastomer of 3 % by weight to 30 % by weight.In some embodiments, matrix comprise 5 % by weight to 28 % by weight at least one elastomer or even 8 % by weight to 25 % by weight at least one elastomer.In some embodiments, matrix comprises the plastic resin such as polyvinyl acetate of 0 to 30 % by weight or 0 to 20 % by weight or 0 to 10 % by weight.

The polymer being suitable for being included in matrix indicated above is because it can be called as the example of " controlled flow polymer " to the relevant antagonism of flowing at relatively high temperatures.Such polymer due to their temperature dependency storage modulus difference low and can be used in the present invention.But, the invention is not restricted to these particular polymers.In fact, take into account other controlled flow polymer used in the present invention especially.In addition, the group of chewing only using the chewing gum of the present invention of conventional polymer to produce to have declared temperature dependency storage modulus difference can be prepared.On the contrary, come from the group of chewing that some are mixed with the chewing gum of controlled flow polymer, due to the plasticizer of interpolation or other situations of preparation and/or processing, declared temperature dependency storage modulus may not be shown poor.The temperature dependency storage modulus limiting this group of chewing just of the present invention is poor, instead of any specific composition, preparation or processing.

In some embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention contains food-grade matrix.As use alpha nerein, term " food-grade " intends to refer to that material meets target market and/or manufactures all laws and regulations requirements of area for food.Although country variant is different to the requirement of food-grade, intend typically necessary as the food grade polymer chewing material (i.e. matrix): i) ratified for this object by the local food control mechanism be applicable to; Ii) manufacture under " Good Manufacture Practice " (GMP) that can be specified by local management organization, such specification ensure that the enough cleannes and level of security that manufacture food material; Iii) use food grade materials (comprising reagent, catalyst, solvent and antioxidant) or at least meet the raw material manufacture of quality and purity rubric; Iv) the level of the impurity of quality and any existence and the minimum standard of character is met; V) provide the manufacture history of fully record to guarantee to meet applicable standard; And/or vi) manufacture in the facility itself being subject to government authorities supervision.All these standards may not be suitable for all jurisdictions, and needing matrix to be sole requirement in those embodiments of food-grade, are the standards that polymer meets required by concrete jurisdiction.

Such as, in the U.S., composition is ratified to be used for food by Food and Drug Administration (Food and DrugAdministration).In order to make new food or pigment additive granted, manufacturer or other promoters must apply for that FDA ratifies it.For in the past approval be acknowledged as safe material or composition (GRAS composition) need not be applied for, they are included in the meaning of term used herein " food-grade " specially.About food additives and the colouring agent information at the management-control method of the U.S., Ke Yi

http:// www.fda.gov/Food/FoodIngredientspackaging/um094211.htmfind, its full content in this case any and all objects is incorporated by reference.

In Europe, an example of responsible institution is European enterprise and industrial development commission (EuropeanCommission, Enterprise and Industry).About the management information of European commission to European Food industry, Ke Yi http:// ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/food/index_en.htmfind, its full content in this case any and all objects is incorporated by reference.

Matrix is typically containing one or more polymeric elastomer, and whole rubber-based composition (and the group of chewing of chewing it and being formed) itself is weak elastomer.Elastomer is the material that can apply stress (such as compression or stretching) by physics and be out of shape, then recover when Stress Release its approximate original size and shape.At the time durations of material deformation, its storage power, described energy makes material recover its original size and shape when stress is released.The energy of that storage is called as " storage modulus ", and is called as G '.The material with high G ' tends to harder and flexible, and the material with low G ' tends to soft and has ductility.The storage modulus of given material can along with the temperature marked change of material.

Although may there is many versions for the storage modulus how measuring chewing gum and chew group, (and claims institute according to the) value proposed herein is measured based on specific method of testing.For purposes of the present invention, temperature dependency storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is defined as the value that draws from disclosed method of testing and the equation that accompanies.

prepared by the group of chewing:to about 2 to 8 grams of chewing-gum chewings at least 20 minutes.Or, can by by gum sheet at flowing water left overnight, then with hand by chewing gum kneading 2 minutes again under flowing water, extract water-soluble component.Another kind method is by chewing gum kneading at least 20 minutes under flowing water.Any one in these methods should be enough to remove substantially all water-soluble components from the group of chewing.Then by the group of chewing is placed on organosilicon baking pad it is aging.Second organosilicon pad is placed on the group of chewing top, and tramples in the group of chewing by the people of 150 to 200 pounds that are installed with walking shoes, apply its total weight about 2 second.Then the upper pad of removing, has the underlay of the group of chewing to place 5 days in 50 DEG C/10%RH baking box by sticking, aging with two weeks that simulate under dry heat condition, and the known generation conventional chewing gum of described condition to be chewed and seriously the sticking of pavement.

rheometer test:the low-angle oscillatory shear flow using rotational rheometer (such as ARES, AR, Kinexus or PhysicaMCR type) to measure the group of chewing under temperature scanning pattern becomes.Chewing gum is chewed group to take out from aging baking box, and make its equilibrate overnight in room conditions before testing.The aging group of chewing is placed on the parallel plate fixtures of 25mm with the amount being enough to complete blind, and starts to close gap, until material reaches outside fixture periphery.The excessive group's of chewing material is fallen from the edge pruning of plate.Then typically that gap is slightly closed to guarantee the complete blind of the group's of chewing material.Again remove 1.0 to 2.0mm and any excessive material before test.When the group's of chewing material is not enough to the board clamp of filling above-mentioned structure or at room temperature really up to the mark and when causing sensor biddability problem, can replace with the plate of 8mm in the group of chewing.Instrument is arranged as follows:

Stress: if the stress scans at 0.1%(or 20 DEG C shows that 0.1% outside linear viscoelasticity region, then use more low value)

Vibration: 10 radian per seconds

Normal force: 0 to 0.1 newton

Temperature scanning: scan 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C with 3 °/min

Keep 5 minutes

80 DEG C to 20 DEG C are scanned with 3 °/min

(may quickly cooling unit be needed)

Use chilling temperature scans, and creates the figure of G ' to temperature, can read the G ' value 25 DEG C and 60 DEG C from it.By these values being substituted into equation below, temperature dependency storage modulus can be calculated poor.

ΔlogG’/ΔT= abs[log G’ _60℃ -log G’ _25℃ ]= abs[logG’ _60℃ -log G’ _25℃ ]

（60℃–25℃） 35℃

erasability is tested:two grams of chewing gums are chewed as mentioned above or extracted under water.Then the group of chewing is placed in immediately on the end (non-pointed) face of concrete paving stones (the Canterbury type produced by UnilockCompany, Toronto, ON, Canada) of 5.5x5.5x2.38 inch, and covers with the paper of organic silicon coating.Pressure (such as stepping down in above it with walking shoes) about 2 second of about 200 pounds is applied to the group of chewing.Then remove the paper of organic silicon coating, and the group of chewing of sticking and paving stone are adapted to 24 hours under 50 DEG C/10%RH.In some cases, by catching a part and it being peeled from paving stone carefully and remove the group of chewing completely, visible residue may do not left.When not accomplishing this point, using the orle metallic spatula gripped with 15 ° of angles, depending on resistance, scraped with 1 to 5 second single the group of chewing.Then use image analysis software, such as divide from the regiment headquarters of chewing that the ImageJ 1.41o measurement of NIH (National Institutes of Health) is residual, result is assessed.The group of chewing of easy removing is no more than staying the residue that 20% of a surface area chewed by original chewing gum, and needs the power being no more than about 50 N.Certainly, the group of chewing leaves even less residue and needs less power to remove, and will be desirable, the more important thing is that residue is minimized in two standards.Preferably, after use scraper single is scraped, residue is no more than the residue (in area) of 10% or 5%.

In some embodiments of the present invention, measured by said procedure, the group of chewing that chewing gum produces after use metallic spatula single is scraped, the residue stayed be less than that a surface area chewed by original chewing gum 10%.

Erasability test determines chewing gum that Δ logG '/Δ T when measuring in the above described manner is less than 0.050 and chews group and tend to improve from the erasability of concrete surface.In some embodiments of the present invention, the chewing gum that chewing gum produces when chewing is chewed group and is had Δ the logG '/Δ T being less than 0.050.In other embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention has Δ the logG '/Δ T being less than 0.045.In other embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention has Δ the logG '/Δ T being less than 0.040.In other embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention has Δ the logG '/Δ T being less than 0.035.In other embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention has Δ the logG '/Δ T being less than 0.030.

Chewing gum of the present invention typically produces chews the group of chewing that is pleasant and that enjoy.Typically, when the G ' of the group of chewing at 37 DEG C is 10 ⁵to 10 ⁷time within the scope of Pa, they have acceptablely chews character.Ideally, they have weak elasticity under oral temperature, its meaning refer to have extend to original length 150 to 200% and return to the ability of the length being at least slightly shorter than spread length.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, from the group of chewing that chewing gum of the present invention is formed, attach to concrete surface if become, can easily remove from concrete.Such as, such group of chewing can by use typical high power cleaning device be no more than in 20 seconds remove.Or agglomerate can be scraped once or twice by using metallic spatula or even be peeled with finger and easily remove." easily can remove from concrete " and refer to and attach to the concrete group of chewing according to aforesaid erasability method of testing is experimental, can scrape by using metallic spatula single or peel off by the power wash of maximum 60 seconds or finger and be eliminated, and stay after using best said method to carry out removing to attempt be less than 20% be less than 10% or be less than 5% the original group of chewing quality.Note, depend on character and/or the concrete surface of the group of chewing, best sweep-out method can be different.Often need to determine the best approach as the case may be.

In some embodiments, chewing gum of the present invention can containing elastomer or elastomer/plasticizer combinations such as triblock copolymer or three blocks/diblock copolymer blend (as previously mentioned) sole component as insoluble gum base.In other embodiments, the inelastic body base components with softening agent, filler, colouring agent, antioxidant and other routines combines by gum base elastomer body and plasticizer.Except matrix, chewing gum of the present invention typically comprises water-soluble bulk, flavor enhancement, high intensity sweetner, colouring agent, medicament or medicinal nutritional agents and other optional members.These chewing gums can moulding slivering, small pieces, band, dressing or non-dressing spherolite or ball or any other desired form.Produce Δ logG '/Δ T lower than the group of chewing of about 0.050 by preparation chewing gum, the acceptable chewing gum product of consumer showing and improve from environmental surfaces, particularly concrete erasability can be produced.

In order to improve the erasability of the group of chewing formed from chewing gum of the present invention further, the feature of increase erasability known in conjunction with other in chewing gum or matrix can be wished.Such as, some additive such as emulsifying agent and amphipathic nature polyalcohol can be added.Another kind of provable useful additive disclosedly in WO 06-016179 has straight or branched carbon-to-carbon polymer backbone and many polymer being attached to the side chain of skeleton.The another kind of additive that can increase erasability comprises the polymer of hydrolyzable unit or the ester of such polymer and/or ether.A kind of polymer comprising hydrolyzable unit is like this in trade name the copolymer of lower sale.Level with 1 to 20% of matrix weight adds such polymer, can reduce the adhesion that group chewed by the chewing gum abandoned.Also can by these polymer with 1 to 7% of chewing gum compositions weight level add in gum mixer.

The another kind of method of increase erasability of the present invention comprises the amorphous silica filler of calcium carbonate and/or talc filler and/or 5 to 40% be mixed with by matrix containing less than 5% (namely 0 to 5%).Matrix is mixed with the high molecular weight polyisobutylene (such as weight average or number-average molecular weight are at least 200,000 daltonian polyisobutene) containing 5 to 15%, also effectively increases erasability.High-caliber emulsifying agent such as powdered lecithin, can be incorporated in chewing gum by the level of 3 to 7% of chewing gum compositions weight.By emulsifying agent spraying dry or adopt other mode packings with postpone its release, may be favourable.Any combination of said method can be used to obtain the erasability of improvement simultaneously.Specifically, by by the calcium carbonate of controlled flow polymer and 0 to 5% or talc filler, 5 to 40% amorphous silica filler, 5 to 15% high molecular weight polyisobutylene, 1 to 20% there is straight or branched carbon-to-carbon polymer backbone and many polymer being attached to the side chain of skeleton are combined, and this matrix is incorporated into further comprise 3 to 7% emulsifying agent, such as carry out, in the chewing gum of the lecithin of packing, can erasability being increased preferably by such as spraying dry.Many versions of the multicomponent solution of sticking problem for this group of chewing can be adopted.Such as, the ester of the polymer with straight or branched carbon-to-carbon polymer backbone or the polymer comprising hydrolyzable unit and/or ether, can be added in gum mixer instead of be incorporated in matrix, its use level can be 1 to 7% of chewing gum compositions in this case.In addition, in some cases, it may be desirable for omitting one or more said components for various reasons.

The compound method of any above-mentioned increase erasability can be used, as long as the linear viscoelasticity character of the group of chewing obtained (particularly Δ logG '/Δ T) maintains in declared scope.

Chewing gum of the present invention is that chewing gum provides the acceptable quality of consumer, shelf life and fragrance quality.Because the group of chewing with described character has in most of and similar to other groups of chewing chews character, the final chewing gum product therefore produced containing their matrix has high consumer acceptability.

The water-insoluble matrix used in chewing gum of the present invention can optionally containing conventional petroleum base elastomer and elastomer elasticizer such as SBR styrene butadiene rubbers, butyl rubber, polyisobutene, terpene resin and estergum.In use, these conventional elastomers can combine with any compatible ratio and above-mentioned specific, unconventional elastomer, or are combined in other elastomer systems be applicable to.In preferred embodiments, matrix of the present invention does not mix these conventional elastomers and the elastomer elasticizer of significant quantity (more than 1 % by weight).In other preferred embodiments, to comprise in matrix of the present invention lower than 15 % by weight, petroleum base elastomer preferably lower than 10 % by weight, more preferably less than 5 % by weight and elastomer elasticizer.Other compositions that can optionally use comprise inorganic filler such as calcium carbonate and talcum, emulsifying agent such as lecithin and glyceryl monoacetate and two acid esters, plastic resin such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl laurate and vinyl acetate/laurate copolymer, colouring agent and antioxidant.

The water-insoluble matrix used in the present invention can account for about 5 of gum to about 95%.More typically, it can account for about 10 of gum to about 50%, and in various preferred embodiment, can account for about 20 of gum to about 35%.

The example of matrix used in the present invention can comprise one or more controlled flow polymer plastifying or do not plastify of about 5 % by weight to 100 % by weight, the synthetic elastomer of 0 to 20 % by weight, the natural elastomer of 0 to 20 % by weight, the elastomer elasticizer of about 0 to about 40 % by weight, the filler of about 0 to about 35 % by weight, the softening agent of about 0 to about 35 % by weight and optional a small amount of (such as about 1 % by weight or following) miscellaneous composition such as colouring agent, antioxidant etc.

In addition, typical matrix comprises the softening agent of at least 5 % by weight, more typical at least 10 % by weight, and comprise up to 35 % by weight, more typical up to 30 % by weight softening agent.In addition, typical matrix comprise 5 % by weight to 40 % by weight, the more typical hydrophilic modifier of 15 % by weight to 30 % by weight such as polyvinyl acetate.Miscellaneous composition such as colouring agent, the antioxidant etc. of (such as maximum about 1 % by weight), also can be included in such matrix on a small quantity.

In embodiments, chewing gum base of the present invention containing have an appointment 4 % by weight to about 35 % by weight filler, the softening agent of about 5 % by weight to about 35 % by weight, the hydrophilic modifier of about 5 % by weight to about 40 % by weight and optional a small amount of (about 1% or following) miscellaneous composition such as colouring agent, antioxidant etc.

Other elastomers can include but not limited to that viscosity-average molecular weight is about 100,000 to about 800, the polyisobutene of 000, isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (butyl elastomers), TPO such as ethylene-propylene copolymer and ethylene-octene copolymer, styrene-butadiene ratios are SB and/or the polyisoprene of about 1:3 to about 3:1, and combination.Gelutong, Lai Kaiou glue (lechi caspi), tonka-bean natural gum (perillo), rope horse natural gum (sorva), massaranduba balata (massaranduba balata), the sub-glue of massaranduba chocolate (massarandubachocolate), Nice Perrault glue (nispero), rosindinha, tunny gum, Hong Kong gutta-percha (gutta hang kang) and combination thereof can be comprised by the natural gum be incorporated into equally in matrix of the present invention.

The elastomeric component of the matrix used in the present invention can comprise one or more controlled flow polymer of nearly 100 % by weight.In some embodiments, controlled flow polymer can with compatible plasticizer combinations, and the copolymer system of plasticizing also can be used as the sole component of matrix.Or, also can use the controlled flow polymer and other elastomeric mixtures that plastify or do not plastify.In such embodiments, the plasticizing that can comprise at least 10 % by weight with the mixture of the gum base elastomer body component of routine or the controlled flow polymer do not plastified, be typically at least 30 % by weight of combined elastic system, be preferably at least 50 % by weight.Chew group to provide the chewing gum abandoned to improve from the erasability of environmental surfaces, elastomeric component contained by matrix used in the present invention can comprise at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, more preferably at least 50% and the plasticizing being up to 100 % by weight or the controlled flow polymer do not plastified, and other inelastic body components that can exist in matrix.Due to cost restriction, processing request, organoleptic properties and other considerations, being restricted to by the elastomeric component of matrix and being no more than 90% or 75% or 50% or following of weight, may be desirable.

Typical matrix used in the present invention can have 1kPa to 10 at 40 DEG C, the complex shear modulus (tolerance of deformation resistance) of 000kPa is (in the upper measurement of flow measurement kinetic analyzer (RheometricDynamic Analyzer), use the dynamic temperature stepping of 0-100 DEG C, 3 DEG C/min; Parallel-plate; 0.5% strain; 10rad/sec).Preferably, under these conditions complex shear modulus between 10kPa to 1000kPa.Find, the matrix with the modulus of shearing within the scope of these has acceptablely chews character.

The controlled flow polymer Typical ground used in the present invention should not containing strong, undesired peculiar smell (the disagreeable taste namely can not covered), and can mix and provide consumer the seasoning material of acceptable aroma experience.The controlled flow polymer be applicable to also should be acceptable on safety and food, namely can ratify as food as chewing material by government authorities, i.e. chewing gum base.In addition, the catalyst of food security, reagent and solvent is preferably only used to prepare polymer.

Protein such as zein and glutelin is used to be known as elastomer or even whole matrix.Although it is possible for using such protein to prepare chewing gum of the present invention, also there is no known this kind of trial.In addition, the test carried out these materials in the past finds, because peculiar smell, chewing texture are bad, shelf life problem and high cost in some cases, they are generally not suitable for use in chewing gum elastomer.Therefore, strong preferred chewing gum of the present invention is substantially free of protein base components." be substantially free of " and refer to that matrix should contain the protein lower than 5%, and preferably should not contain.

Be commonly used to the elastomeric elastomer elasticizer of petroleum base can optionally use in the present invention, it includes but not limited to the natural rosin ester being often called as estergum, the glyceride of the glyceride of such as partial hydrogenation rosin, the glyceride of the glyceride of newtrex, partially or completely dimerization rosin, rosin, the pentaerythritol ester of partial hydrogenation rosin, the methyl esters of rosin and partially hydrogenated methyl esters, the pentaerythritol ester of rosin, the glyceride of wood rosin, the glyceride of gum rosin; Synthetic is such as from the terpene resin that australene, nopinene and/or d-limonene are derivative; And above-mentioned substance is any appropriately combined.Preferred elastomer elasticizer also becomes along with embody rule and the elastomer type that uses.

Except also referred to as except the natural rosin ester of resin, elastomer solvent can comprise the plastic resin of other types.Vinyl acetate-laurate copolymer that they comprise polyvinyl acetate that GPC weight average molecular weight is about 2,000 to about 90,000, polyethylene, vinyl laurate content are about 5 to about 50% of copolymer weight, and combination.Preferred weight average molecular weight (passing through gpc measurement) is 50,000 to 80,000 for polyisoprene, is used in bubble gum base for the polyvinyl acetate typical case polyvinyl acetate being 10,000 to 65,000(wherein higher molecular weight).Because polyvinyl acetate experiences glass transition within the scope of 25 to 60 DEG C, therefore its use may be tended to raise Δ logG '/Δ T that group chewed by chewing gum.Therefore, preferably polyvinyl acetate contents is limited to and is no more than 10% of chewing gum of the present invention.

In addition, matrix can comprise filler/adjusting material and softening agent/emulsifying agent.It is can chewiness and mouthfeel in order to what optimize chewing gum that softening agent (comprising emulsifying agent) adds chewing gum to.

Softening agent/emulsifying agent that typical case uses comprises triglyceride mixture, such as tallow, hydrogenated tallow, hydrogenation and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil and cocoa butter.Glyceryl monoacetate and two acid esters such as glycerin monostearate, glyceryl triacetate, lecithin, paraffin, microwax, native paraffin and combination thereof can also be used.Lecithin and glyceryl monoacetate and two acid esters also play the effect of emulsifying agent, to improve the compatibility of various base components.Because hydrogenation and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil and animal tallow show phase transformation in the scope of 25 DEG C to 60 DEG C of being everlasting, therefore too high level may raise Δ logG '/Δ T that group chewed by the chewing gum obtained.In some embodiments of the present invention, chewing gum contains the triglycerides lower than 10%.

Filler/adjusting material is typically inorganic water-insoluble powder, such as magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, rubble lime stone, silicates such as magnesium silicate and alumina silicate, clay, aluminium oxide, talcum, titanium oxide, one-lime phosphate, dicalcium and DFP and calcium sulfate.Also can use insoluble organic filler, comprise cellulosic polymer such as timber, and any combination.

Colouring agent and brightening agent can comprise the dyestuff of FD & C type and color lake, fruits and vegetables extract, titanium dioxide, and combination.

Antioxidant such as BHA, BHT, tocopherol, n-propyl gallate and other can be used for the antioxidant of food, can be used for preventing the fat in matrix, oils and elastomeric oxidation.

As mentioned, matrix can the content of wax or the not content of wax.The open United States Patent (USP) 5,286 of example without wax matrix, in No. 500, its disclosure is incorporated by reference at this.

Water-insoluble matrix typical case accounts for about 5% of gum of the present invention to about 95%; More common, matrix accounts for 10 of chewing gum of the present invention to about 50%; In some preferred embodiments, 20 of this gum to about 35% is accounted for.

Except water-insoluble base portion, typical chewing gum compositions comprises water soluble bulk portion (or extender) and one or more flavor enhancements.Water-soluble portion can comprise high intensity sweetner, binder, flavor enhancement (it can be water-insoluble), water soluble emollient, colloid emulsifying agent, colouring agent, acidulant, filler, antioxidant and provide other components of required attribute.

Water soluble emollient, also can be called water-soluble plasticizer and plasticiser, generally accounts for about 0.5% of gum to about between 15%.Water soluble emollient can comprise glycerine, glyceryl triacetate and combination thereof.The aqueous solution of edulcorant aqueous solution such as containing D-sorbite, maltitol, mannitol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysate (HSH), corn syrup and combination thereof, also can be used as the softening agent in chewing gum and binder.

Preferably, in extender or incremental sweetener chewing gum used in the present invention, for product provides sweet taste, increment and quality.Typical extender comprises carbohydrate, sugar alcohol and combination thereof.Extender typically accounts for about 5% of gum to about 95%, is more typically about 20% of weight to about 80%, is more typically about 30% of gum to about 70%.Sugar extender generally comprises in chewing gum technical field known containing saccharic composition, includes but not limited to sucrose alone or in combination, dextrose, maltose, dextrin, dry invert sugar, fructose, levulose, galactolipin, corn-syrup solids etc.In sugar-free chewing gum, sugar alcohol such as D-sorbite, maltitol, antierythrite, isomalt, mannitol, xylitol and combination thereof replace sugared extender.Also the combination of sugar and sugarless bulk agent can be used.

Except above-mentioned incremental sweetener, chewing gum typically comprises the binder/softening agent of the high solid content solution form of syrup or sugar and/or sugar alcohol.When sugar-containing chewing gum, the most often use corn steep liquor and other dextrose syrups (it contains the more high-grade sugar of dextrose and significant quantity).They comprise the syrup of various DE level, comprise high maltose syrup and high fructose syrup.When sugarless products, sugar alcohol solution is usually used to comprise sorbitol solution and hydrogenated starch hydrolysate syrups.Also can use such as at US 5,651,936 and US 2004-234648 disclosed in syrup, described patent is incorporated by reference at this.Such syrup be used for softening product initial chew, in bar and sheet products, reduce brokenness and fragility and increase flexibility.Depend on used concrete syrup, they also can control moisture and increase and decrease and provide sweet taste to a certain degree.When syrup and other aqueous solutions, general hope uses the water of minimum real standard in the solution, is under acceptable operating temperature, keep solution to flow freely required minimum of a value.Should adjust the consumption level of this kind of syrup and solution, the total moisture in chewing gum is restricted to lower than 3 % by weight, preferably lower than 2 % by weight, most preferably lower than 1 % by weight.

High intensity artificial sweeteners also can use with above-mentioned combinations of sweeteners.Preferred sweetener includes but not limited to that sucralose alone or in combination, Aspartame, the salt of acetyl sulphur ammonia, alitame, knob are sweet, asccharin and salt, cyclamic acid and salt thereof, glycyrrhizin, stevioside glycosides and stevioside glycosides compound such as rebaudioside A, dihydrochalcone, thaumatin, monellin, Momordica grosvenori etc.In order to provide more lasting sweet taste and fragrance sense, packing or otherwise control the release of artificial sweetener at least partially may be desirable.The technology that such as wet granulation, wax method granulating, spraying dry, spraying Quench, fluidized bed coating, reunion and fiber are extruded, may be used for the release characteristics needed for obtaining.

The consumption level of artificial sweetener can alter a great deal, and depends on the effect of such as sweetener, rate of release, the required sugariness of product, the level of the flavor enhancement of use and the factor of type and cost consideration.Therefore, the level of significance of artificial sweetener can change between 0.02 % by weight to about 8 % by weight.When comprising the carrier for packing, the consumption level of the sweetener of packing will be higher pro rata.

If need chewing gum low in calories, extender low in calories can be used.The example of extender low in calories comprises: antierythrite, polydextrose, FOS (Raftilose), inulin (Raftilin), FOS (NutraFlora), palatinose oligosaccharides, guar gum hydrolysate (Sun Fiber) or difficult digestion dextrin (Fibersol).But, other extenders low in calories can be used.In addition, reduced the level of caloric sweeteners in product by the relative level increasing matrix simultaneously, the energy content of chewing gum can be reduced.When doing like this can with or without the reduction of piece weight.

Various flavor enhancement can be used.The use amount of flavor enhancement can be about 0.1 to about 15 % by weight of chewing gum, is preferably about 0.2 to about 5%.Flavor enhancement can comprise essential oil, synthesis flavor enhancement or its mixture, includes but not limited to the oil such as tangerine oil, fruit essence, Fructus Piperis peppermint oil, spearmint oil, other peppermint oils, caryophyllus oil, wintergreen, the fennel wet goods that stem from plant and fruit.Also artificial flavoring and component can be used.Natural and artificial flavoring can combine by the acceptable mode of any sense organ.Also can be included in provide appreciable fiber crops thorn or thermal response is such as felt cold or the sensitizer of heating effect when chewing.Such component comprises ring-type and acyclic carboxamides, menthol derivative and capsicim etc.Acidulant can be comprised to provide tart flavour.

Except typical gum components, chewing gum of the present invention can comprise agents as tooth hygiene active material such as mineral matter, nutritional supplement is vitamin such as, sanatory active material such as antioxidant is as resveratrol, flavanols, stimulant is caffeine such as, medicinal compound and other such additives.These activating agents can directly add in chewing gum material group, or use any means known to carry out packing to strengthen or to extend release and/or to prevent degraded.When there is dressing, roll Zhanhua compound and liquid or powder sandwich, active material can add to wherein.

Adding to chewing gum or rubber-based composition and can improve the group of chewing of chewing being chewed and the component of environment degradable after abandoning, may be desirable.Such as, when polyester elastomer, esterase can be added to accelerate the decomposition of polymer.Optionally, enzyme or other degradation agents can carry out packing by spraying dry, fluid bed packing or other means, prevent the group's of chewing premature breakdown with delayed release.

The present invention may be used for the method for various manufacture chewing gum, comprises batch mixed, continuously mixing and chewing gum flaking method.

By by elastomer and the disclosed plasticizer combinations be applicable to above, can easily prepare chewing gum base of the present invention.If need other compositions such as softening agent, plastic resin, emulsifying agent, filler, colouring agent and antioxidant, they can be added by the batch-blend process of routine or method for continuously mixing.When batch processes, processing temperature is generally about 120 DEG C to about 180 DEG C.If wish plasticizing or the controlled flow polymer that do not plastify and conventional elastomers to combine, preferably with controlled flow polymer gum base composition before conventional elastomers is mixed with conventional matrix.In order to produce conventional matrix, first elastomer is carried out together with filler grinding or pulverizing.Then batch mixing is carried out by the elastomer transfer ground to batch blender.The commercially available blender (such as bending cutter blender) of any standard substantially known in the art all can be used for this object.The first step of mixed process is called as batch mixing.Batch mixing comprises and the elastomer ground and filler and elastomer elasticizer (elastomer solvent) being merged.Batch mixing step generally needs long incorporation time (30 to 70 minutes), to produce homogeneous mixture.After batch mixing, add the filler and elastomer elasticizer added, following by PVAc, is finally softening agent, and is mixed to homogeneous after each adding ingredient.Submember such as antioxidant and colouring agent can add any time during the course.Then by conventional matrix and controlled flow polymer matrix with required ratio blending.No matter controlled flow polymer is independent or combinationally uses with conventional elastomers, all the matrix completed is extruded or is cast as any required form (such as spherolite, sheet or block) subsequently, and allows its cooling and solidification.

Or the continuation method of use mixing extruder well known in the art, can be used for preparing matrix.In typical method for continuously mixing, Initial Composition (comprising the elastomer ground, when the using it) extruder of metering feeding continuously port is corresponded in extruder length each some place of batch processing order.Evenly agglomerating and fully after batch mixing, the metering of the surplus of glue group composition is sent into port or injected at each some place along extruder length at Initial Composition.Typically, any remaining elastomeric component or other components add after initial mixing step.Then composition is processed further to produce equal refining group, then release from outlet of extruder.Typically, by extruder by the time substantially lower than 1 hour.If never prepare matrix containing the controlled flow polymer of conventional elastomers, may can reduce the required length of the extruder produced needed for even matrix, and correspondingly be reduced by the time.In addition, controlled flow polymer was not to grind in advance before adding extruder to.Unique it is desirable that guarantee that controlled flow polymer moderately flows freely, with allow controlled, be fed in extruder ingress port to metering.

Can optionally and the exemplary extrusion method of conbined usage of the present invention, comprise following, its each full content is incorporated by reference at this: (i) United States Patent (USP) 6,238, declared the method manufactured continuously for chewing gum base for No. 710, it needs all the components batch mixing in single extruder; (ii) United States Patent (USP) 6,086, No. 925 disclose by manufacturing chewing gum base to continuous mixing device interpolation hard elastomer, filler and lubricant; (iii) United States Patent (USP) 5,419, No. 919 disclose use arm mixer, by the heterogeneity selective charging in diverse location place on the mixer being carried out the continuous manufacture of matrix; And (iv) another United States Patent (USP) 5,397, No. 580 continuous manufactures disclosing matrix, wherein two continuous mixing device arranged in series, and be added continuously to second extruder from the blend of first continuous mixing device.

Generally manufacture chewing gum by adding various chewing gum component to commercially available blender order known in the art.After composition fully mixes, chewing gum material group is released from blender, and fashions into desired form, such as spreading in flakes and cut into inch strips, small pieces or spherolite, or extrude and cut into block.

In general, first the mixing of composition is softened by matrix or melt and added in the blender of operation.Matrix also can soften in a mixer or melt.Can at this moment add colouring agent and emulsifying agent.

Next, chewing gum softening agent such as glycerine can be added together with Partial Incremental part.Then the incremental portion of other parts can be added to blender.Flavor enhancement typically adds together with last part incremental portion.Whole mixed process typically spends about 5 to about 15 minutes, although sometimes need the incorporation time more grown.

In another kind of alternative, may can as United States Patent (USP) 5, disclosed in 543, No. 160, in single high-performance extruder, prepare matrix and chewing gum.Chewing gum of the present invention can be prepared by the continuation method comprising following step: a) added to by glue group composition in high-efficiency and continuous blender; B) mix to produce uniform matrix to composition; C) at least one sweetener and at least one flavor enhancement are joined in continuous mixing device, and sweetener and flavor enhancement are mixed to form chewing gum product with remaining composition; And d) the chewing gum material of mixing group is released from this single high-efficiency and continuous blender.In the present invention, may need, first by controlled flow polymer and the plasticizer blending be applicable to, then to mix other matrixs or chewing gum component.This blending and extrusion process can occur in high-performance extruder inside, or can perform in outside before the controlled flow polymer composition adding plasticizing to extruder.

Certainly, the many versions on basic matrix and chewing gum mixed method are possible.

Upon mixing, can carry out shaping to chewing gum material group, such as, roll or be extruded into required form, such as bar, small pieces, block or spherolite.Product also can use known method to carry out sandwich (such as with liquid sugar sirup or powder) and/or carry out dressing by such as sugar or polyalcohol hard coatings.

After shaping and optional sandwich and/or dressing, typically package the product in applicable packaging material.The object of packaging keeps product to clean, and protects its opposing environmental factor such as oxygen, humidity and light, and be convenient to for product code and retail.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: there is the soft mid-block that comprises poly-6-methyl-epsilon-caprolactone and comprise T _glower than the A-B-A form triblock copolymer of the hard end-blocks of the polylactides of 70 DEG C, produce according to common US 61/241080 pending application.The molecular weight of described polymer blocks is 7-19-7kDa.By this polymer with the triblock copolymer of 60:40: PVAc ratio and low-molecular-weight polyvinyl acetate combine, to produce matrix.Use matrix to manufacture chewing gum according to table 1.The chewing gum obtained is named as embodiment 1.

Embodiment 2: there is the soft mid-block that comprises poly-6-methyl-epsilon-caprolactone and comprise T _glower than the polylactide of 70 ° of C hard end-blocks the second A-B-A form triblock copolymer, produce according to common US 61/241080 pending application.The molecular weight of polymer blocks is 33-98-33kDa.By this polymer with there is identical A and B block but molecular weight is the diblock copolymer of 5.5-9kDa and the composition of table 2 combines, produce the chewing gum being named as embodiment 2.

Embodiment 3: prepared the chewing gum containing crosslinked polyacrylate particulate according to table 3.This chewing gum is named as embodiment 3.

Embodiment 4: prepared containing high-caliber low molecular weight polyethylene (Honeywell 9A, weight average molecular weight about 13500 dalton, the polydispersity of about 2.0) matrix, and use it for production chewing gum according to table 4.This chewing gum is named as embodiment 4.

Comparative example 5: use the superhigh molecular weight polyethylene vinyl acetate of the embodiment 3 in US 2003/198710 to manufacture chewing gum.It is said that this chewing gum has the erasability of raising.

Comparative example 6: use the superhigh molecular weight polyethylene vinyl acetate of the embodiment 4 in US 2003/198710 to manufacture chewing gum.It is said that this chewing gum has the erasability of raising.

Comparative example 7: use the thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer of embodiment 142 in US 2008/233234 to prepare chewing gum, and by its called after comparative example 7.

Comparative example 8 – 10: manufacture chewing gum base and chewing gum according to the preparation in table 5.

* according to US 5,651,936 preparations.

Comparative example 11: the commercialization chewing gum US manufactured by Cadbury bought from retail market the sample of bubble gum.

Comparative example 12: from retail market buy by Wm.Wrigley Jr.Company, Chicago, IL USA manufacture commercialization chewing gum US Hubba outrageousOriginal bubble gum sample.

Comparative example 13: from for the production of British Wrigley's laboratory scale chewing gum batch prepared by the commercial formulation of mint gum, does not just carry out dressing to product.This product is named as comparative example 13.

Comparative example 14: according to the chewing gum of the low polarity matrix of preparation preparation containing teaching in US 61/325529 in table 6.

Comparative example 15: containing the laboratory scale batch based on the chewing gum of the High molecular weight polyethylene matrix of " matrix 2 " of US 2009/0304857.Described matrix contains Epolene C-17(Westlake Chemical, Houston, TX, USA), it is about 15 for Mn, and 000 and Mw is about 107, the hyperbranched polyethylene of 000.Matrix and chewing-gum preparation display are in table 7.

Comparative example 16: containing the laboratory scale batch based on the chewing gum of the High molecular weight polyethylene matrix of " matrix 6 " of US 2009/0304857.This matrix contains Epolene N-10(Westlake Chemical, Houston, TX, USA), it is about 3 for Mn, and 000 and Mw is about 10, the polyethylene of 000.Matrix and chewing-gum preparation display are in table 7.

Comparative example 17: the commercialization chewing gum Chicza Lime Organic Mayan Rainforest gum sample manufactured by Consocio Chiclero SC de RL bought from the retail market of Britain.

Comparative example 18: from retail market buy by Wm.Wrigley Jr.Company, Chicago, IL USA manufacture commercialization chewing gum US peppermint gum sample.

Comparative example 19: the commercialization chewing gum Glee Gum peppermint type All Pure Nature gum sample that the use rainforest tunny gum manufactured by Verve, Inc. bought from kus kretail market manufactures.

Comparative example 20: the artificial muskmelon of commercialization chewing gum manufactured by Marukawa, Inc. bought from the retail market of the U.S., fragrant citrus, strawberry and grape taste bubble gum sample.This packaging containing four of different taste, muskmelon taste be named as comparative example 20.

Comparative example 21: the commercialization chewing gum natural tunny gum sour lime oranges and tangerines gum sample manufactured by Orion obtained in Korea S.

Comparative example 22: the commercialization chewing gum Razzles manufactured by Concord Confections bought from the retail market of the U.S. ^tM(various taste) tablet gum sample.

Comparative example 23: the commercialization chewing gum manufactured by Cadbury of acquisition white pepper mint gum sample.

Comparative example 24: the commercialization chewing gum Jila peppermint gum sample manufactured by Ferndale of acquisition.

By the chewing gum of embodiment/comparative example 1-24, according to previously described test program, rotational rheometer is tested.According to previously described program, erasability test is performed to most of embodiment/comparative example, tests multiple sample (typical n=5) in the conceived case.G ' to the representative diagram display of T in FIG.For each group of chewing, calculate temperature dependency storage modulus poor.Δ logG '/Δ T in table 8, and is mapped (see Fig. 2) to remaining residue percentage after erasability test by data display.As appears, the chewing gum that temperature dependency storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is greater than about 0.05 is chewed group and is tended to strongly attach to concrete surface, although be not be not always the case in often kind of situation.On the contrary, come from Δ logG ' of the present invention/Δ T lower than 0.05 chewing gum chew group and in most of the cases can easily remove from concrete, after use metallic spatula single is scraped, substantially not leave residue.Although be not that all groups of chewing with declared chewing gum temperature dependency storage modulus difference can so easily remove, it is believed that most of such group of chewing will show the erasability of raising compared with typical commercially produced product.

Claims (29)

1. a chewing gum, it is formation temperature dependence storage modulus difference (Δ the logG '/Δ T) group of chewing lower than 0.050 after chewing,

Wherein △ logG '/△ T=abs [logG ' _{60 DEG C}-logG ' _{25 DEG C}]/(60 DEG C – 25 DEG C).

2. the chewing gum of claim 1, wherein said chewing gum comprises water-insoluble base portion and water soluble bulk portion.

3. the chewing gum of claim 1, that wherein said chewing gum comprises A-B-A or A-B-C form, that there is soft mid-block and hard end-blocks triblock copolymer, wherein soft mid-block accounts at least 30 % by weight of triblock copolymer, and the polymer wherein forming soft mid-block has the Tg lower than 20 DEG C, hard end-blocks has the T between 20 DEG C to 70 DEG C separately _g.

4. the chewing gum of claim 3, wherein said chewing gum also comprises diblock copolymer.

5. the chewing gum of claim 3, wherein hard end-blocks has the T lower than 60 DEG C separately _g.

6. the chewing gum of claim 3, wherein hard end-blocks has the T between 40 DEG C to 60 DEG C separately _g.

7. the chewing gum of claim 1, wherein said chewing gum comprises crosslinked polymer particles.

8. the chewing gum of claim 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has the glass transition temperature lower than 30 DEG C.

9. the chewing gum of claim 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has the glass transition temperature lower than 10 DEG C.

10. the chewing gum of claim 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has the glass transition temperature lower than 0 DEG C.

The chewing gum of 11. claims 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has at least 0.1 micron and is less than the full-size of 1000 microns.

The chewing gum of 12. claims 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has at least 0.5 micron and is less than the full-size of 1000 microns.

The chewing gum of 13. claims 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has at least 10 microns and is less than the full-size of 1000 microns.

The chewing gum of 14. claims 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has at least 0.1 micron and is less than the full-size of 500 microns.

The chewing gum of 15. claims 7, wherein crosslinked polymer particles has at least 0.1 micron and is less than the full-size of 100 microns.

The chewing gum of 16. claims 2, wherein water-insoluble base portion comprises the polyethylene of weight average molecular weight between 2000 to 23000 dalton of 45 % by weight to 95 % by weight.

The chewing gum of 17. claims 16, wherein water-insoluble base portion comprises the polyethylene of weight average molecular weight between 2000 to 23000 dalton of 50 % by weight to 75 % by weight.

The chewing gum of 18. claims 16, wherein water-insoluble base portion comprises the polyethylene of weight average molecular weight between 2000 to 23000 dalton of 55 % by weight to 70 % by weight.

The chewing gum of 19. claims 3, wherein copolymer is food grade polymer.

The chewing gum of 20. claims 1, its group of chewing that formation temperature dependence storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is less than 0.045 after chewing.

The chewing gum of 21. claims 1, its group of chewing that formation temperature dependence storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is less than 0.040 after chewing.

The chewing gum of 22. claims 1, its group of chewing that formation temperature dependence storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is less than 0.035 after chewing.

The chewing gum of 23. claims 1, its group of chewing that formation temperature dependence storage modulus difference (Δ logG '/Δ T) is less than 0.030 after chewing.

The chewing gum of 24. claims 1, wherein said chewing gum comprises the polyvinyl acetate being less than 10%.

The chewing gum of 25. claims 1, wherein said chewing gum comprises the triglycerides being less than 10%.

The chewing gum of 26. claims 1, the matrix of wherein said chewing gum contains the protein lower than 5%.

The chewing gum of 27. claims 1, the matrix of wherein said chewing gum is not containing protein.

The chewing gum of 28. claims 1, it is 10 that wherein said chewing gum to produce at 37 DEG C storage modulus (G ') after chewing ⁵pa to 10 ⁷the group of chewing of Pa.

The chewing gum of 29. claims 1, the group of chewing that wherein said chewing gum produces after chewing, the residue stayed after metallic spatula single is scraped be no more than that a surface area chewed by original chewing gum 20%.