CN102593916B - A kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system and method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102593916B CN102593916B CN201210058482.7A CN201210058482A CN102593916B CN 102593916 B CN102593916 B CN 102593916B CN 201210058482 A CN201210058482 A CN 201210058482A CN 102593916 B CN102593916 B CN 102593916B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system and method, microprocessor controls multiplexer, is connected to the input of differential operational amplifier successively by the core that often economizes on electricity in lithium battery group; The voltage signal of the core that often economizes on electricity adjusts by differential operational amplifier, and by analog to digital converter, voltage signal is converted to digital signal, finally sends microcontroller to; The voltage of the core that often economizes on electricity is compared by microcontroller, selects the battery core that voltage is lower; Microcontroller carrys out the equalization control module work corresponding to the lower battery core of enable voltage by control signal; Pulse width modulator according to the output current of signal feedback module and voltage signal adjustment output pulse width, to control output current and voltage charges to battery core; Battery core charging is carried out according to the order of constant voltage after first constant current; After battery core voltage reaches certain value, microcontroller cuts out this equalization control module; Circulation above-mentioned steps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery group balancing technique.
Background technology
The voltage of cell and capacity cannot practical requirement, and batteries series connection often uses by electric motor car, and in electric automobile, the quantity of lithium battery can reach hundreds of joint.The cycle life of single lithium battery generally can reach several thousand times, but due to the inconsistency between lithium battery, series battery is difficult to reach this level, and when serial battery uses, charge efficiency, discharge capability etc. also can be affected.Current cell manufacturing techniques, especially lithium battery manufacturing technology are difficult to accomplish that consistency is good, and therefore series battery is necessary to do equilibrium treatment very much, to improve battery performance, extend battery pack useful life.
Consuming type equalization scheme adopts resistor coupled in parallel loading sharing, consumes excessive power by shunt resistance.When charging, by the voltage detecting of cell, when certain joint cell reaches upper voltage limit, the switch of the resistance balancer that conducting is in parallel with it, this batteries and resistance is made to form a discharge path, unnecessary energy is changed into heat energy on resistance, prevents this batteries from overcharging, the battery of underfill still can continue charging.The method can bring energy loss, and heating is large, and for jumbo battery pack, or differ between battery in larger battery pack and be not suitable for, efficiency is lower, is not suitable for quick charging system simultaneously.
Utilize electric capacity, inductance as intermediate energy storage element in non-consuming type equilibrium, shifted by the electricity on each cell, in program practical application, electric energy transfer efficiency is not high, is not suitable in the more battery pack of series connection joint number.In addition, electric capacity, inductance are nonlinear device, in thermal energy storage process electric current and voltage disproportionate, especially electric capacity has considerable influence by the life-span of gating switch.This scheme also exist antijamming capability low, control difficult, high in cost of production shortcoming.
Chinese patent 200820133032.9 discloses a kind of balanced management system for series connected battery pack, and both-end relay normally open contact is connected on monomer both ends of power respectively, and normal-closed end is connected with adjacent relay normal-closed end, and control end is connected with gating circuit.The shortcoming of this method is, when contact adhesion situation appears in Relay Aging, occurs the serious consequence of cell short circuit during another group relay of gating.
Chinese patent 02127989.6 discloses and a kind ofly carries out a point scheme for a charge balancing to storage battery, is charged respectively by the switching of relay to the battery be not full of, till every batteries is full of.This method has following shortcomings, and first is that charge efficiency is low; Second is that cost is high, and especially during large current charge, the relay of big current is more expensive, and system lifetim is lower; 3rd is that fail safe is lower, if have two relays to break down (bonding of such as getting an electric shock) in so many relays, so just the battery of series connection is connected in parallel again battery be short-circuited, catch fire, the accident such as blast, there is larger potential safety hazard.
Chinese patent 2006101571109.1 discloses a kind of voltage balance management device of dynamic battery pack, charging gating module is passed through with the battery that electric discharge gating module is the highest to voltage and voltage is minimum through row difference gating in system, middle by the connection of isolation DC-DC module, during discharge and recharge, the energy of battery high for voltage is moved in the lower battery of voltage, when finally realizing discharge and recharge, all cell voltages are consistent.In the program, Circuits System will control charging gating and electric discharge gating module simultaneously, and control comparatively complicated like this, cost is higher.In system, any one gating switch goes wrong and all can bring the danger of short circuit to battery, and fail safe is lower, and also do not solve the potential safety hazard adopting relay to bring as gating switch, this will reduce stability and the reliability of equalizing system greatly.
Summary of the invention
One of technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system, utilize the charging that cmos switch circuit replaces traditional relay to control to cell, cmos switch circuit has low in energy consumption, the advantage such as cost is low, long service life, effectively can reduce production cost.
Two of technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of lithium battery group initiatively charge equalization method, utilize the charging that cmos switch circuit replaces traditional relay to control to cell, cmos switch circuit has low in energy consumption, the advantage such as cost is low, long service life, effectively can reduce production cost.
For one of solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of lithium battery group is equalizing charge system initiatively, described lithium battery group is in series by N economize on electricity core, N >=1, often save described battery core two ends to be connected with multiplexer respectively, described multiplexer is successively by being connected with microcontroller after differential amplifier, digital to analog converter; Described microcontroller is connected respectively by an equalization control module and each core that economizes on electricity; Described equalization control module comprises pulse width modulator, transformer, NMOS tube, signal feedback module, described lithium battery group becomes loop with described transformer primary coil, NMOS tube sequential series, and described secondary transformer is connected by a diode and corresponding core that economizes on electricity; The output signal of described secondary transformer is delivered to described pulse width controller by described signal feedback module, and described microcontroller controls the conducting of described NMOS tube by described pulse width controller.
As improvement, the positive pole of described lithium battery group is connected with one end of transformer primary coil, and the transformer primary coil other end drains with NMOS tube and is connected, and NMOS tube source electrode is connected with lithium battery group negative pole, and pulse width modulator is connected with the grid of NMOS tube.
For solve the problems of the technologies described above two, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of lithium battery group is charge equalization method initiatively, and described lithium battery group is in series by the N core that economizes on electricity, and N >=1, concrete grammar comprises the steps:
(1) microprocessor controls multiplexer, is connected to the input of differential operational amplifier successively by the core that often economizes on electricity in lithium battery group;
(2) voltage signal of the core that often economizes on electricity adjusts by differential operational amplifier, and by analog to digital converter, voltage signal is converted to digital signal, finally sends microcontroller to;
(3) voltage of the core that often economizes on electricity is compared by microcontroller, selects the battery core that voltage is lower;
(4) microcontroller carrys out corresponding to the lower battery core of enable voltage by control signal equalization control module work; Described equalization control module comprises pulse width modulator, transformer, NMOS tube, signal feedback module, described lithium battery group becomes loop with described transformer primary coil, NMOS tube sequential series, and described secondary transformer is connected by a diode and corresponding core that economizes on electricity; The output signal of described secondary transformer is delivered to described pulse width controller by described signal feedback module, and described microcontroller controls the conducting of described NMOS tube by described pulse width controller;
(5) pulse width modulator is according to the output current of signal feedback module and voltage signal adjustment output pulse width, to control output current and voltage charges to battery core;
(6), after battery core voltage reaches certain value, microcontroller cuts out this equalization control module;
(7) circulation above-mentioned steps (3) ~ (6).
As improvement, in described step (5), battery core charging is carried out according to the order of constant voltage after first constant current.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is compared with prior art brought is:
As the switch of gating, nmos switch circuit take MOSFET as core, is longer than the life-span of relay its useful life far away, and the general relay of volume ratio is little, and cost is also lower; Nmos switch drives electric current is little, volume is little, and the driving power often organizing switch is less than 0.1W, more much smaller than the driving power of common relay.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural framing figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is battery state monitoring part.
Fig. 3 is Balance route part.
Fig. 4 is equalization control module structural representation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system, described lithium battery group is in series by N economize on electricity core, N >=1, often save described battery core two ends to be connected with multiplexer respectively, described multiplexer is successively by being connected with microcontroller after differential amplifier, digital to analog converter; Described microcontroller is connected respectively by an equalization control module and each core that economizes on electricity; Described equalization control module comprises pulse width modulator, transformer, NMOS tube, signal feedback module, described lithium battery group becomes loop with described transformer primary coil, NMOS tube sequential series, and described secondary transformer is connected by a diode and corresponding core that economizes on electricity; The output signal of described secondary transformer is delivered to described pulse width controller by described signal feedback module, and described microcontroller controls the conducting of described NMOS tube by described pulse width controller.
As shown in Figure 1, control method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) microprocessor controls multiplexer, is connected to the input of differential operational amplifier successively by the core that often economizes on electricity in lithium battery group;
(2) voltage signal of the core that often economizes on electricity adjusts by differential operational amplifier, and by analog to digital converter, voltage signal is converted to digital signal, finally sends microcontroller to;
(3) voltage of the core that often economizes on electricity is compared by microcontroller, selects the battery core that voltage is lower;
(4) microcontroller carrys out corresponding to the lower battery core of enable voltage by control signal equalization control module work; Described equalization control module comprises pulse width modulator, transformer, NMOS tube, signal feedback module, described lithium battery group becomes loop with described transformer primary coil, NMOS tube sequential series, and described secondary transformer is connected by a diode and corresponding core that economizes on electricity; The output signal of described secondary transformer is delivered to described pulse width controller by described signal feedback module, and described microcontroller controls the conducting of described NMOS tube by described pulse width controller;
(5) pulse width modulator is according to the output current of signal feedback module and voltage signal adjustment output pulse width, to control output current and voltage charges to battery core; Battery core charging is carried out according to the order of constant voltage after first constant current;
(6), after battery core voltage reaches certain value, microcontroller cuts out this equalization control module;
(7) circulation above-mentioned steps (3) ~ (6).
Claims (2)
1. a lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system, it is characterized in that: described lithium battery group is in series by N economize on electricity core, N >=1, often saves described battery core two ends and is connected with multiplexer respectively, and described multiplexer is successively by being connected with microcontroller after differential amplifier, digital to analog converter; Described microcontroller is connected respectively by an equalization control module and each core that economizes on electricity; Described equalization control module comprises pulse width modulator, transformer, NMOS tube, signal feedback module, described lithium battery group becomes loop with described transformer primary coil, NMOS tube sequential series, and described secondary transformer is connected by a diode and corresponding core that economizes on electricity; The output signal of described secondary transformer is delivered to described pulse width modulator by described signal feedback module, and described microcontroller controls the conducting of described NMOS tube by described pulse width modulator.
2. a kind of lithium battery group according to claim 1 initiatively equalizing charge system, it is characterized in that: the positive pole of described lithium battery group is connected with one end of transformer primary coil, the transformer primary coil other end drains with NMOS tube and is connected, NMOS tube source electrode is connected with lithium battery group negative pole, and pulse width modulator is connected with the grid of NMOS tube.
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| CN201210058482.7A CN102593916B (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2012-03-07 | A kind of lithium battery group initiatively equalizing charge system and method |
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| CN102593916B true CN102593916B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN110249498B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2023-06-16 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | Battery device and battery cell equalization circuit |
| WO2019042003A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-07 | 上海汇瑞半导体科技有限公司 | Parallel battery charging circuit and charging method thereof |
| CN112398201A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-23 | 珠海迈巨微电子有限责任公司 | Detection circuit and method, communication device and method, and battery equalization control method |
| CN112928796A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-08 | 许付云 | Automatic equalization battery pack and charger thereof |
| CN114189022A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-15 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery monomer capacitance balance control circuit of parallel battery module |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101162846A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2008-04-16 | 赵建和 | Series battery charge up circuit with charge compensate function |
| CN102208822A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-05 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Power supply device and vehicle provided with the same |
| CN102208821A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Balancing system for a battery pack, balancing circuit and method for controlling balancing of a battery pack |
| CN202103447U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 秦皇岛市芯驰光电科技有限公司 | Energy compensation type lithium battery balance controller |
| CN202616813U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-12-19 | 德龙伟创科技(深圳)有限公司 | A lithium battery pack active charge equalization system |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101162846A (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2008-04-16 | 赵建和 | Series battery charge up circuit with charge compensate function |
| CN102208822A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-05 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Power supply device and vehicle provided with the same |
| CN102208821A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Balancing system for a battery pack, balancing circuit and method for controlling balancing of a battery pack |
| CN202103447U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 秦皇岛市芯驰光电科技有限公司 | Energy compensation type lithium battery balance controller |
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Address after: 518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District high tech Industrial Park South Hing a Hong Kong Polytech University No. 18 research building No. 418-420 Co-patentee after: Su Zhe Feng Patentee after: Delong Kinetic Energy Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Address before: 518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District high tech Industrial Park South Hing a Hong Kong Polytech University No. 18 research building No. 418-420 Co-patentee before: Su Zhe Feng Patentee before: Delong Weichuang Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. |