CN102590064A - Vertical infiltration speed measuring instrument used for stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata, which comprises an inner ring cylinder, an outer ring cylinder, a water supply device for the outer ring cylinder, a water supply barrel for the inner ring cylinder and a test board, and the test board includes an inverted U-shaped glass three Through pipe and test scale; the top side wall of the inner ring tube is provided with an inner ring tube water inlet and is connected with the water supply bucket outlet of the inner ring tube water supply barrel through the inner ring tube water supply pipe, and the top of the inner ring tube is provided with an inner ring tube The water outlet of the cylinder is connected to the pipe A nozzle at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped glass tee through the outlet pipe of the inner ring cylinder. One side wall of the outer ring cylinder is provided with a water supply pipe interface of the inner ring cylinder and a plurality of overflow ports. The other side wall of the outer ring tube is provided with the outlet of the outer ring tube and the outlet pipe of the inner ring tube. connected. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, novel and reasonable design, convenient use and operation, high measurement precision, low measurement cost, strong practicability, and convenient popularization and use.

Description

A Vertical Infiltration Velocity Measuring Apparatus for Formation

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of groundwater science and engineering, and relates to a groundwater test device, in particular to a vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formations.

Background technique

Water seepage test is a basic field test work in hydrogeological work. The purpose of the test is to obtain the vertical infiltration velocity required to calculate the groundwater recharge by atmospheric precipitation, irrigation water, river, canal water and temporary surface flow. The traditional vertical infiltration rate measurement adopts the double-ring test method. Both the outer ring and the inner ring are made of thin steel plates with a thickness of about 1 mm. During the test, the outer ring is inserted about 10 cm below the ground surface, and the inner ring is placed in the center of the outer ring. Insert about 10cm below the surface. During the test, artificially or Marriott bottles are used to continuously supply water to the outer ring, and maintain a certain water level. At the same time, water is added to the inner ring to keep the water level of the inner ring at the same level as the outer ring. Record the amount of water q added to the inner ring by Δt , assuming that the area of the inner ring is A, the vertical infiltration velocity

The defects and deficiencies of the double-ring test method in the prior art are: poor operability, especially when adding water to the ring and maintaining a certain water level, and at the same time recording how much water is added to the inner ring, it is difficult to grasp, resulting in the obtained vertical Infiltration velocity accuracy is poor.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, which has a simple structure, novel and reasonable design, convenient implementation, convenient use and operation, and high measurement accuracy , the measurement cost is low, the practicability is strong, the use effect is good, and it is convenient to popularize and use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata, which is characterized in that it includes an inner ring tube, an outer ring tube set outside the inner ring tube, and an outer ring tube. The outer ring tube water supply device for water supply in the ring tube, the inner ring tube water supply bucket for water supply in the inner ring tube and the test board for collecting test data, the volume of the inner ring tube water supply bucket and the volume of the inner ring tube Equal, the test plate includes an inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe and a test scale fixed behind the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe and used to measure the water level in the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe; the inner ring tube is Bottomless and covered semi-closed structure, the outer ring tube is a bottomless and coverless open structure, the top side wall of the inner ring tube is provided with an inner ring tube water inlet, and the water supply pipe of the inner ring tube is connected to the The water outlet of the water supply barrel at the bottom of the inner ring cylinder is connected to each other, and the inner ring cylinder water supply pipe near the water supply outlet of the water supply barrel is provided with an inner ring cylinder water supply valve, and the top of the inner ring cylinder is provided with an inner ring cylinder water outlet And through the outlet pipe of the inner ring tube, it is connected with the A pipe nozzle at the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe. One side of the outer ring tube is provided with an inner ring tube water supply pipe for passing through the inner ring tube water supply pipe. interface and a plurality of overflow ports for water supply and discharge, the overflow port is provided with an overflow pipe and an overflow valve, the water supply pipe interface of the inner ring tube is located below the overflow port, and the outer ring tube The other side of the cylinder wall is provided with an outer ring cylinder water outlet and an inner ring cylinder outlet pipe interface for the inner ring cylinder outlet pipe to pass through. The outer ring cylinder water outlet is located below the inner ring cylinder outlet pipe interface and passes through The outlet pipe of the outer ring tube is connected with the mouth of the B pipe at the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe, and the mouth of the arched top of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe is provided with a tee pipe valve.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formation is characterized in that: the water supply device of the outer ring cylinder is a faucet or a bucket arranged above the outer ring cylinder.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formation is characterized in that: the lower part of the inner ring tube is cylindrical, the upper part of the inner ring tube is conical, and the diameter of the inner ring tube is It is 0.1m ~ 0.25m.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formation is characterized in that: the outer ring cylinder is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the outer ring cylinder is 0.5m-0.7m.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formation is characterized in that: the inner diameter of the outer ring cylinder is 0.618m.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata is characterized in that: the inner ring cylinder, the outer ring cylinder and the inner ring cylinder water supply barrel are all made of steel with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for formation is characterized in that: the diameter of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe is 8 mm to 10 mm.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata is characterized in that: the test scale is a scale with millimeter-level precision.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata is characterized in that: the number of overflow ports, overflow pipes and overflow valves is 2-6.

The above-mentioned vertical infiltration velocity measuring instrument for strata is characterized in that: the number of overflow ports, overflow pipes and overflow valves is four.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The structure of the present invention is simple, the design is novel and reasonable, and the realization is convenient.

2. The use and operation of the present invention are convenient, the vertical infiltration velocity can be measured conveniently, and the relationship between the vertical infiltration velocity and the water layer thickness can also be obtained conveniently.

3. When the present invention is in operation, the water level in the outer ring cylinder can be conveniently controlled through the overflow port, overflow pipe and overflow valve, and the control accuracy is high. The test scale is a scale with millimeter-level precision, and the entire vertical infiltration rate The measurement accuracy of the measuring instrument is high.

4. The implementation cost of the present invention is low, it can be used repeatedly, and the cost of vertical infiltration velocity measurement is reduced.

5. The present invention has strong practicability, good application effect, and is convenient for popularization and use.

To sum up, the present invention has simple structure, novel and reasonable design, convenient implementation, convenient use and operation, high measurement accuracy, low measurement cost, strong practicability, good use effect, and easy popularization and use.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the dynamic curve diagram of the water level in pipe A and pipe B of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-inner ring; 2-outer ring; 3-outer ring water supply device;

4-inner ring tube water supply bucket; 5-inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe; 6-test scale;

7-inner ring tube water supply pipe; 8-inner ring tube water supply valve; 9-inner ring tube outlet pipe;

10-overflow pipe; 11-overflow valve; 12-outer pipe of the outer ring cylinder;

13-Tee pipe valve; 14-Soil.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes an inner ring cylinder 1, an outer ring cylinder 2 set outside the inner ring cylinder 1, an outer ring cylinder water supply device 3 for supplying water to the outer ring cylinder 2, and a water supply device for supplying water to the inner ring cylinder 1. Inner ring tube water supply bucket 4 and a test board for collecting test data, the volume of the inner ring tube water supply bucket 4 is equal to the volume of the inner ring tube 1, and the test board includes an inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 and a test scale 6 fixed behind the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 and used to measure the water level in the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5; the inner ring tube 1 is a bottomless and covered semi-closed structure, The outer ring tube 2 is a bottomless and coverless opening structure, and the top side wall of the inner ring tube 1 is provided with an inner ring tube water inlet, and the inner ring tube water supply pipe 7 is connected with the inner ring tube water supply bucket 4 The water outlet of the water supply barrel at the bottom is connected, and the inner ring cylinder water supply pipe 7 near the water supply outlet of the water supply bucket is provided with an inner ring cylinder water supply valve 8, and the top of the inner ring cylinder 1 is provided with an inner ring cylinder water outlet and through The outlet pipe 9 of the inner ring tube is connected to the nozzle A of the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5, and an inner ring tube for passing the water supply pipe 7 of the inner ring tube is arranged on one side wall of the outer ring tube 2 A water supply pipe interface and a plurality of overflow ports for water supply and discharge, the overflow port is provided with an overflow pipe 10 and an overflow valve 11, and the water supply pipe interface of the inner ring cylinder is located below the overflow port, so The other side wall of the outer ring tube 2 is provided with an outer ring tube water outlet and an inner ring tube outlet pipe interface for the inner ring tube outlet pipe 9 to pass through, and the outer ring tube water outlet is located at the inner ring tube outlet. The lower part of the water pipe interface is connected to the B pipe nozzle at the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 through the outlet pipe 12 of the outer ring tube. valve 13.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the outer ring cylinder water supply device 3 is a faucet or a water bucket arranged above the outer ring cylinder 2 . The lower part of the inner ring tube 1 is cylindrical, the upper part of the inner ring tube 1 is conical, and the inner diameter of the inner ring tube 1 is 0.1m-0.25m. The outer ring cylinder 2 is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the outer ring cylinder 2 is 0.5m˜0.7m. Specifically, the inner diameter of the outer ring cylinder 2 is 0.618m.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the inner ring cylinder 1 , the outer ring cylinder 2 and the inner ring cylinder water supply barrel 4 are all made of steel with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm. The diameter of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 is 8 mm to 10 mm. The test scale 6 is a scale with millimeter-level precision.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, there are 2 to 6 overflow ports, overflow pipes 10 and overflow valves 11 . Specifically, there are four overflow ports, overflow pipes 10 and overflow valves 11 .

Working process of the present invention is:

Preparation for the test:

1. Insert the inner ring tube 1 into the soil 14 for about 0.2m to 0.3m (depending on the condition of the soil 14, it can also be reduced to 0.1m);

2. Insert the outer ring tube 2 into the soil 14 by about 0.2m to 0.3m, and depending on the condition of the soil 14 and the water level in the outer ring tube 2, put clay or kelp in the outer ring tube 2 in contact with the soil 14;

3. Place the outer ring tube water supply device 3, the inner ring tube water supply bucket 4 and the test board at an appropriate height, which can be realized by using a tripod;

4. Connect the water supply outlet of the inner ring barrel 4 with the water inlet of the inner ring barrel 1 with the inner ring barrel water supply pipe 7, and connect the inner ring barrel of the inner ring barrel 1 with the inner ring barrel water outlet pipe 9. The water outlet is connected with the A pipe mouth at the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5, and the outer ring cylinder water outlet of the outer ring cylinder 2 is connected with the B pipe at the bottom end of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 with the outer ring cylinder outlet pipe 12. The nozzle is connected;

Test work:

1. Open the overflow valve 11 on the overflow pipe 10 at one of the overflow ports on the side wall of the outer ring cylinder 2, for example, the overflow valve 11 at the C-C position, and close the remaining overflow valves 11 , add water to the outer ring cylinder 2 until C-C, and the excess water is discharged from the opened overflow valve 11;

2. Open the three-way pipe valve 13 and the inner ring water supply valve 8, and add water to the inner ring water supply bucket 4, such as E-E, the water in the inner ring water supply bucket 4 flows into the inner ring barrel through the inner ring water supply pipe 7 1, the water in the inner ring cylinder 1 flows into the A pipe of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 through the outlet pipe 9 of the inner ring cylinder and the A pipe nozzle at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5. At this time, pay attention to Observe that there will be air bubbles rising in the pipe A of the U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 and escaping through the mouth of the arched top of the inverted U-shaped glass tee pipe 5. At this time, slowly add water to maintain the water supply in the inner ring tube water supply bucket 4. The water level is near E-E;

3. Test steps:

(1) close the tee pipe valve 13;

(2) Stop adding water to the inner ring cylinder water supply bucket 4;

(3) Continue to add water to the outer ring tube 2 to maintain the water level in the outer ring tube 2 at the C-C position;

(4) After stopping adding water to the inner ring cylinder water supply bucket 4, the water level in the A pipe of the U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 will move downward from the E-E surface along with the water level in the inner ring cylinder water supply bucket 4 and pass through the D-D surface (with the same height as the C-C surface) continues to move downward and changes, and the information of the change can be read on the test scale 6. Since the three-way valve 13 is closed, the water level in the A pipe of the U-shaped glass three-way pipe 5 drops , the water level in the B pipe of the U-shaped glass tee pipe 5 must rise;

(5) read data by test scale 6, record the dynamic process of the water level drop in the A pipe of U-shaped glass tee pipe 5, the water level rise in the B pipe, draw the water level height h in the A pipe and the B pipe over time The water level dynamic curve of t change;

(6) The water level in the water supply barrel 4 of the inner ring barrel basically drops to the bottom of the barrel, and the test work of the C-C height is finished.

4. Data processing:

(1) Calculation of the vertical infiltration velocity corresponding to the water level at a certain height of the outer ring cylinder 2: as shown in Figure 2, the curve of the water level height h in pipe A and pipe B changing with time t is expressed as an equation:

h _A ＝a _A +b _A ln(t ₀ +t) t≥0

h _B ＝a _B +b _B ln(t ₀ +t) t≥0

Wherein, b _A =b _B , the undetermined constants are only a _A , a _B , t ₀ , b _A (or b _B ). These undetermined constants can be obtained by the least squares method using the observed data.

After obtaining the equations of the two curves, the intersection point of the two curves can be obtained. The slope of the two curves at the intersection point (t _p , h _j ) is represented by V, and the vertical infiltration velocity Ve _is 2V.

(2) Similarly, the relationship between the vertical infiltration velocity Ve _and the water layer thickness H (the water level in the outer ring cylinder 2) can be obtained.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. All simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical aspects of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the scheme.

Claims (10)

1. vertical infiltration rate measuring instrument that is used for the stratum; It is characterized in that: comprise endocyclic tube (1), be sleeved on the outer outer shroud tube (2) of endocyclic tube (1), give the interior outer shroud tube water supply installation (3) that supplies water of outer shroud tube (2), give endocyclic tube water supply bucket (4) that supplies water in the endocyclic tube (1) and the test board that is used for the acquisition test data; The volume of said endocyclic tube water supply bucket (4) equates with the volume of said endocyclic tube (1), the test scale (6) that said test board comprises inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) and is fixed on inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) rear and is used for the water level in the inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) is measured; Said endocyclic tube (1) covers the formula semi-closed structure for the no end; Said outer shroud tube (2) is the non-cover type hatch frame of the no end; The top sidewall of said endocyclic tube (1) is provided with the endocyclic tube water inlet and links to each other with a water supply bucket water delivering orifice that is arranged on endocyclic tube water supply bucket (4) bottom through endocyclic tube feed pipe (7); Be provided with endocyclic tube water supply valve (8) near the said endocyclic tube feed pipe (7) that supplies water bucket water delivering orifice place; The top of said endocyclic tube (1) is provided with the endocyclic tube water delivering orifice and links to each other with the A pipe mouth of pipe of inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) bottom through endocyclic tube rising pipe (9); One side tube-wall of said outer shroud tube (2) is provided with and is used to supply endocyclic tube feed pipe interface that endocyclic tube feed pipe (7) passes through and a plurality of to be used to the overflow vent that supplies water and discharge; Said overflow vent is provided with run-down pipe (10) and flow spill valve (11); Said endocyclic tube feed pipe interface is positioned at the below of said overflow vent; The opposite side barrel of said outer shroud tube (2) is provided with outer shroud tube water delivering orifice and the endocyclic tube rising pipe interface that supplies endocyclic tube rising pipe (9) to pass through, and said outer shroud tube water delivering orifice is positioned at the below of said endocyclic tube rising pipe interface and links to each other with the B pipe mouth of pipe of inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) bottom through outer shroud tube rising pipe (12), and the mouth of pipe place on said inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) arch top is provided with three-way pipe valve (13).

2. according to the described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instrument that is used for the stratum of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said outer shroud tube water supply installation (3) is for being arranged on water swivel or the bucket above the outer shroud tube (2).

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum; It is characterized in that: the bottom of said endocyclic tube (1) is cylindrical; The top of said endocyclic tube (1) is conical, and the inner diameter of said endocyclic tube (1) is 0.1m～0.25m.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum, it is characterized in that: said outer shroud tube (2) is for cylindrical, and the inner diameter of said outer shroud tube (2) is 0.5m～0.7m.

5. according to the described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instrument that is used for the stratum of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the inner diameter of said outer shroud tube (2) is 0.618m.

6. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum, it is characterized in that: said endocyclic tube (1), outer shroud tube (2) and the endocyclic tube bucket (4) that supplies water is that the steel of 1mm～2mm are processed by thickness.

7. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum, it is characterized in that: the diameter of said inverted U glass three-way pipe (5) is 8mm～10mm.

8. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum, it is characterized in that: said test scale (6) is the scale of millimeter class precision.

9. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instruments that are used for the stratum, it is characterized in that: the quantity of said overflow vent, run-down pipe (10) and flow spill valve (11) is 2～6.

10. according to the described a kind of vertical infiltration rate measuring instrument that is used for the stratum of claim 9, it is characterized in that: the quantity of said overflow vent, run-down pipe (10) and flow spill valve (11) is 4.

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