Background technology
Thermoplastic polyester comprises the principal items such as fibre-grade, bottle level and film level polyester by purposes.China in a 2010 only demand for fibre-grade and bottle level polyester has just exceeded 2,300 ten thousand tons, and keeps certain growth rate, and in particular for the wrapping bottle of sheet polyester such as packaging for foodstuff and medicine, daily use chemicals, annual growth has exceeded 15%.When PET industry fast development, also bring the problem that cannot avoid to the whole world: raw material sources and waste disposal.In polyester fiber processing, there is approximately 2% waste material, the discarded object after fibre uses, and nonrecoverable food has produced a large amount of waste and old polyester raw materials by packaging polyesters.
From the eighties, countries in the world are to problem pay attention to day by days such as the energy, resource and environmental protection, and the recycling of waste and old polyester causes people's great attention, and play just to begin one's study how to recycle waste and old polyester the external sixties.Due to chemical recovery utilization (depolymerization of polyester) complex process (as described in application number China's patent that is 200810123544.1), be recycled as master mainly with the physics of melting reprocessing at present, the existing multiple applications of China and granted patent relate to the recycling of waste and old polyester (polyester bottles and polyester waste silks).Waste and old terylene textiles after waste silk in polyester bottles, terylene spinning in thermoplastic polyester and part are used, under suitable recovery and utilization technology and technique, all can adopt physical method again to recycle, if application number is in China's patent of 201110176957.8,200610152509.3,201010300670.7 and 200910020159.9, set forth utilizing waste and old polyester bottle and Polyester Textiles to carry out spinning again.
Polyester, in processing, use and removal process, under the effect of heat and moisture, inevitably causes the degraded in various degree of polyester, thereby causes the reduction of molecular weight of polyesters.How, for different waste and old polyester raw materials, rationally effectively controlling the molecular weight of polyester, improve working (machining) efficiency and the quality of regenerated fiber, is one of key problem in technology of waste and old, recovery at present and recycled polyester processing polyster fibre (long filament and short fiber).For avoiding the reduction of molecular weight in polyester processing and use procedure, mostly adopt solid phase polycondensation or the reclaimed materials mode mixed with virgin material, in the processing time that the former need to be longer, working (machining) efficiency is lower, and the latter needs higher virgin material ratio, and reclaimed materials utilization rate is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing waste and old polyester raw material to prepare polyester staple fiber, the waste silk that utilizes waste and old terylene textiles and terylene spinning processing to produce, improve method waste and old and recovery molecular weight of polyesters by liquid phase, utilize the method to prepare Regenerated Polyester Staple Fiber dimension.
The step of the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
(1) raw material preparation: waste and old polyester raw material is cleaned to remove spot and finish, by clean after waste and old polyester raw material stoving to moisture content lower than 0.1%, then dried waste and old polyester raw material is prepared to spherical pellet at 235 ℃ of semi-molten state lower compression granules;
(2) melt preparation and spinning: spherical pellet prepared by step (1) is delivered in drying device dry 10~30min at 120~140 ℃, dry 3~6h at 140~170 ℃, after dry, moisture content is lower than 50ppm, then add polyester chain extender by 0.5~3% of pellet mass, polyester granules is delivered to together with polyester chain extender to response type exhaust screw extruder, melting, melt-stoichiometry is delivered to spinning unit after mixing, prepare polyster fibre, whole melt residence time is 3~10min.
Polyester chain extender described in step (2) is the Ben Ji bisoxazoline of terminal carboxyl group generation addition reaction in energy and polyester granules, and the N of terminal hydroxyl generation addition reaction in energy and polyester granules, N' ?the two caprolactams of carbonyl, the molar ratio of the two is 0~1:1~0.
Described waste and old polyester raw material is waste silk or the waste pure polyester textiles producing in waste and old terylene textiles, terylene spinning process.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1) by the adding of polyester chain extender, effectively improve the molecular weight of waste and old polyester, improved the working (machining) efficiency of waste and old polyester spinning and the quality of regenerated polyester fiber;
(2) can there is not being cross-linked between polyester molecule in the polyester chain extender adopting, avoided spinning melt generation gelatin phenomenon, guaranteed the necessary strand linearity of spinning melt;
(3) the method not only can be applied to the preparation of regenerated polyester fiber, can also be applied to other waste and old polyesters and recycle in technologies, as by the processing regenerated polyester plastics goods of the mode such as injection moulding or section bar extrusion.
The prepared polyster fibre of the present invention can be for the casting resin of clothes or furniture fabric and as the non-weaving cloth of geotextiles, roof felt and insulating materials, or shoe cover, cloth for wiping or dusting and some are used disposable nonwoven products.
The specific embodiment
Illustrate below in conjunction with embodiment how the present invention specifically implements.
Embodiment 1:
Waste and old polyester raw material used is waste pure polyester textiles (inherent viscosity 0.5g/dl).Adopt following process conditions to carry out the preparation of regenerated polyester fiber:
(1) raw material preparation: waste and old terylene textiles is cleaned to remove spot, and cleaning condition is: synthetic detergent 5g/l, sodium phosphate trimer 5g/l, sheet alkali 0.8g/l, 90 ℃ of temperature.Waste and old terylene textiles after cleaning is dried to 5h in airflow dryer, after moisture content is down to 0.1%, waste and old polyester raw material is prepared to a spherical pellet with a machine compression under 235 ℃ of semi-molten state.
(2) melt preparation and spinning: pellet prepared by step (1) is delivered in drying device dry 30min at 120 ℃, then dry 6h at 140 ℃, after dry, moisture content is 30ppm, then adding mol ratio by 0.5% of pellet mass is 1 of 1:1, 4-Ben Ji bisoxazoline (1, 4-PBO) and N, N' ?two caprolactam (CBC) polyester chain extenders of carbonyl, polyester granules is delivered to together with chain extender to response type exhaust screw extruder, screw diameter D is 65mm, screw slenderness ratio L/D is 30, and screw rod has five functional sections, comprises feeding section, melt zone, vacuum exhaust section (vacuum 0.2-0.3MPa), homogenize section and metering section, each section length is 6D, 9D, 3D, 6D, 6D, temperature is 245 ℃, 260 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃, 280 ℃, melting, after mixing, melt-stoichiometry is delivered to spinning unit, 285 ℃ of conveyance conduit temperature, spinning unit major parameter is: fondant filter filtering accuracy 25 μ m, 285 ℃ of spinning body temperatures, spinnerets hole count 1200, spinneret orifice diameter 0.3mm, spinneret orifice draw ratio 1.0,30 ℃ of cooling air temperature, humidity 65%, wind speed 4m/min, spinning speed 1000m/min.Cooled spun filament through oiling, the conventional polyester spinning process such as coiling, boundling, stretching, curling and cut-out, preparing fiber number is 3D, the cotton type regenerated polyester fiber that length is 38mm.For guaranteeing good chain extension effect, whole melt residence time (melt process screw rod melt zone is to the time of leaving spinneret orifice) is 3min.
Embodiment 2:
Waste and old polyester raw material used is the waste silk (inherent viscosity 0.6g/dl) producing in terylene spinning process.Adopt following process conditions to carry out the preparation of regenerated polyester fiber:
(1) raw material preparation: waste and old terylene textiles is cleaned to remove spot, and cleaning condition is: synthetic detergent 5g/l, sodium phosphate trimer 5g/l, sheet alkali 0.8g/l, 90 ℃ of temperature.Waste and old terylene textiles after cleaning is dried to 5h in airflow dryer, after moisture content is down to 0.1%, waste and old polyester raw material is prepared to a spherical pellet with a machine compression under 235 ℃ of semi-molten state.
(2) melt preparation and spinning: pellet prepared by step (1) is delivered in drying device dry 10min at 140 ℃, then dry 3h at 170 ℃, moisture content 40ppm after dry, then adds Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-Ben Ji bisoxazoline (1 by 3% of pellet mass, 4-PBO) polyester chain extender, polyester granules is delivered to together with chain extender to response type exhaust screw extruder, screw diameter D is 65mm, and screw slenderness ratio L/D is 30, screw rod has five functional sections, comprises feeding section, melt zone, vacuum exhaust section (vacuum 0.2-0.3MPa), homogenize section and metering section, each section length is 6D, 9D, 3D, 6D, 6D, temperature is 260oC, 275 ℃, 285 ℃, 290 ℃, 290 ℃, melting, after mixing, melt-stoichiometry is delivered to spinning unit, 285 ℃ of conveyance conduit temperature, spinning unit major parameter is: fondant filter filtering accuracy 25 μ m, 290 ℃ of spinning body temperatures, spinnerets hole count 900, spinneret orifice diameter 0.2mm, spinneret orifice draw ratio 1.5,30 ℃ of cooling air temperature, humidity 65%, wind speed 3m/min, spinning speed 900m/min.Cooled spun filament through oiling, the conventional polyester spinning process such as coiling, boundling, stretching, curling and cut-out, preparing fiber number is 1.5D, the cotton type regenerated polyester fiber that length is 40mm.For guaranteeing good chain extension effect, whole melt residence time (melt process screw rod melt zone is to the time of leaving spinneret orifice) is 10min.
Embodiment 3:
Waste and old polyester raw material used is waste pure polyester textiles (inherent viscosity 0.52g/dl).Adopt following process conditions to carry out the preparation of regenerated polyester fiber:
(1) raw material preparation: waste and old terylene textiles is cleaned to remove spot, and cleaning condition is: synthetic detergent 5g/l, sodium phosphate trimer 5g/l, sheet alkali 0.8g/l, 90 ℃ of temperature.Waste and old terylene textiles after cleaning is dried to 5h in airflow dryer, after moisture content is down to 0.1%, waste and old polyester raw material is prepared to a spherical pellet with a machine compression under 235 ℃ of semi-molten state.
(2) melt preparation and spinning: pellet prepared by step (1) is delivered in drying device dry 20min at 130 ℃, then dry 4h at 160 ℃, after dry, moisture content is 45ppm, then add N by 2.5% of pellet mass, N' ?two caprolactam (CBC) polyester chain extenders of carbonyl, polyester granules is delivered to together with chain extender to response type exhaust screw extruder, screw diameter D is 90mm, screw slenderness ratio L/D is 30, and screw rod has five functional sections, comprises feeding section, melt zone, vacuum exhaust section (vacuum 0.2-0.3MPa), homogenize section and metering section, each section length is 6D, 9D, 3D, 6D, 6D, temperature is 245 ℃, 255 ℃, 270 ℃, 275 ℃, 275 ℃, melting, after mixing, melt-stoichiometry is delivered to spinning unit, 280 ℃ of conveyance conduit temperature, spinning unit major parameter is: fondant filter filtering accuracy 25 μ m, 280 ℃ of spinning body temperatures, spinnerets hole count 1200, spinneret orifice diameter 0.45mm, spinneret orifice draw ratio 2.0,40 ℃ of cooling air temperature, humidity 65%, wind speed 4m/min, spinning speed 800m/min.Cooled spun filament through oiling, the conventional polyester spinning process such as coiling, boundling, stretching, curling and cut-out, preparing fiber number is 3D, the cotton type regenerated polyester fiber that length is 45mm.For guaranteeing good chain extension effect, whole melt residence time (melt process screw rod melt zone is to the time of leaving spinneret orifice) is 6min.