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CN102559984A - Method for producing high carbon steel through double-slag high drawing carbon tapping - Google Patents

Method for producing high carbon steel through double-slag high drawing carbon tapping Download PDF

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CN102559984A
CN102559984A CN2012100519758A CN201210051975A CN102559984A CN 102559984 A CN102559984 A CN 102559984A CN 2012100519758 A CN2012100519758 A CN 2012100519758A CN 201210051975 A CN201210051975 A CN 201210051975A CN 102559984 A CN102559984 A CN 102559984A
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converter
blowing
slag
steel
carbon
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CN102559984B (en
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王海宝
田志红
张小明
刘洋
王文军
姜中行
麻庆申
吕延春
李鹏程
刘启江
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Shougang Group Co Ltd
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Shougang Corp
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Abstract

一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，属于转炉冶炼高碳钢技术领域。工艺步骤为：按照一定的铁水比向转炉内装入铁水和废钢；转炉冶炼第一阶段以2.8Nm3/min/t的供氧强度吹炼，向转炉内加入活性石灰、矿石造渣剂，采用较大底吹流量搅拌；转炉吹炼前期以标准枪位开吹，后逐渐提高枪位；摇炉倒掉部分炉渣；转炉吹炼第二阶段以3.3Nm3/min/t的供氧强度吹炼，向转炉内加入活性石灰、矿石造渣剂；后期采用较高枪位开吹，逐段降枪的枪位制度；在总吹炼氧耗的80％～90％内，多批少量加入矿石和萤石；转炉吹炼结束，转炉摇炉倒渣、测温、取样；转炉出钢。优点在于，克服了出钢过程产生较严重回磷、生产效率低等不足。The invention discloses a method for producing high-carbon steel by double-slag high-drawing carbon tapping, which belongs to the technical field of converter smelting high-carbon steel. The process steps are as follows: according to a certain ratio of molten iron, put molten iron and steel scrap into the converter; in the first stage of converter smelting, blow with an oxygen supply intensity of 2.8Nm 3 /min/t, add active lime and ore slagging agent into the converter, use Stir with a large bottom blowing flow rate; start blowing at the standard lance position in the early stage of converter blowing, and then gradually increase the lance position; shake the furnace to pour out part of the slag; blow at the oxygen supply intensity of 3.3Nm 3 /min/t in the second stage For refining, add active lime and ore slagging agent to the converter; later adopt a system of blowing at a higher gun position and lower the gun position step by step; within 80% to 90% of the total blowing oxygen consumption, add a small amount in multiple batches Ore and fluorite; Converter blowing is completed, converter shaking furnace slag dumping, temperature measurement, sampling; converter tapping. The advantage is that it overcomes the shortcomings of relatively serious phosphorus reversion and low production efficiency in the tapping process.

Description

The method that high carbon steel is produced in the high catch carbon tapping of a kind of double slag process
Technical field
The invention belongs to converter smelting high carbon steel technical field, particularly relate to the method that high carbon steel is produced in the high catch carbon tapping of a kind of double slag process.
Background technology
Converter smelting high carbon steel has dual mode according to the difference of when tapping carbon content of molten steel: a kind of is high catch carbon method, and a kind of is low catch carbon method.High catch carbon method tapping duration of blast is short, and the oxygen depletion amount is few, and the damage of blowing of iron is lacked, and recovery rate of iron is high; The tapping carbon content is high, and the slag all iron content is low, can alleviate slag lining erosion is improved furnace life; Carbon content is high during tapping, and the molten steel oxygen activity is low, can improve yield of alloy; The consumption of high catch carbon tapping can minimizing carburelant had both been practiced thrift cost, had reduced in the carburelant nitrogen impurity again to the influence of steel cleanliness factor.But tap under the high catch carbon condition, the liquid steel dephosphorization problem is the technological difficulties that will solve.
Japan just proposes producing high carbon steel by high-catching carbon method as far back as nineteen seventies.System iron in Kobe adopts " height draws the method for re-blowing " to produce high-carbon cord steel (Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 1977, No.1 p29～38), bessemerizes oxygen supply intensity at 1.1～2.5Nm 3Between/the min/t, " the soft blow method " of this low oxygen supply intensity is beneficial to dephosphorization, realized tapping 0.67～0.68%C; 0.012～0.013%P, the time of bessemerizing, this method duration of blast was longer at 17.5～19 minutes; Production efficiency is low, the efficient converter production of incompatible modernization.
Domestic steel mill adopts the high catch carbon tapping of double slag process to produce high carbon steel 82B (Liu Yue, Liu Liu, Tong Puqiao; Deng. the high catch carbon dephosphorizing process control in early stage of high-quality high carbon steel [J]. steel-making, 2006,22 (2): 27～29); Early stage, duration of blast was greater than 8 minutes, had influenced rhythm of production; The siliceous amount mark of molten iron will be had relatively high expectations to blast-melted below 0.55%.Test is for the not research of important parameters such as control of rifle position and oxygen supply intensity in the whole smelting process and later stage technology controlling and process measure.
The method of a kind of producing high carbon steel by high-catching carbon method of Chinese patent document (CN101333578A), converter is with 3.1～3.4Nm 3The oxygen supply system of constant current amount, change rifle position is adopted in the blowing of/min/t oxygen supply intensity, is slag former with quickened lime and ore; The higher rifle of blowing whole process using position; Open to blow to and finish to adopt the rifle position system of falling rifle piecemeal, the converter smelting endpoint deslagging of falling the stove, sampling detects composition, temperature; The tapping carbon content can reach 0.46～0.65%, phosphorus content 0.013～0.014%.The constant oxygen supply intensity of this method blowing whole process using; Do not consider the favourable condition of soft blow operation to low temperature dephosphorization in early stage; Do not have big flow bottom blowing and stir, after the blowing deslagging of falling the stove in latter stage, still have a large amount of rich phosphorus slags to stay in the stove, so tapping process can produce serious rephosphorization.
Summary of the invention
The method that the object of the present invention is to provide the tapping of the high catch carbon of a kind of double slag process to produce high carbon steel has overcome above-mentioned tapping process and has produced deficiencies such as serious rephosphorization, production efficiency be low.The present invention adopts double slag process smelting in early stage, regulates oxygen supply intensity, is the high catch carbon tapping of converter smelting high carbon steel of slag making material with lime and ore.
The present invention is container with the converter, is guaranteeing that smelting endpoint tapping temperature, molten steel phosphorus content all reach the high carbon steel smelting requirements under the carbon content higher level.High carbon steel that the present invention produces is carbon content 0.60～1.20% by weight percentage, phosphorus content≤0.018%, and all the other compositions add according to the steel grade needs.
The technical parameter of process step of the present invention and control is following:
(1) according to the tapping temperature requirement, according to certain hot metal ratio (weight of molten iron be total Intake Quantity 85%～90%) in converter, pack into molten iron and steel scrap;
(2) (0～6min) with 2.8Nm the converter smelting fs 3The oxygen supply intensity blowing of/min/t adds quickened lime, ore slag former in converter, adopt big bottom blowing flow to stir; Bottom blown gas adopts nitrogen, and the bottom blowing flow is 0.1Nm 3/ min/t;
(3) converter oxygen gun adopts the bit manipulation of constant current quantitative change rifle, and according to the standard rifle position system of bessemerizing, converter standard rifle position is opened and blown, and improves the rifle position behind the 2min gradually;
(4) grate is outwelled the part slag, and the deslagging amount is no less than the 40%-60% of slag gross weight;
(5) bessemerize subordinate phase with 3.3Nm 3The oxygen supply intensity blowing of/min/t adds quickened lime, ore slag former in converter, adopt less bottom blowing flow; Bottom blown gas adopts argon gas, and the bottom blowing flow is 0.05Nm 3/ min/t;
(6) later stage adopts higher rifle position to open to blow, fall the rifle position system of rifle piecemeal;
(7) total blowing oxygen consumption 80%～90% in, many batches of a small amount of ore and fluorites of adding; The ore add-on is at 2.5～5 kilograms of/ton steel, and the fluorite consumption is at 1～2.5 kilogram of/ton steel;
(8) bessemerize end, the deslagging of converter grate, thermometric, sampling;
(9) converter tapping, converter terminal control carbon content is 0.4～0.85%, phosphorus content≤0.015%.
Go into converter molten iron requirement phosphorus content≤0.12%, molten iron silicon content≤0.60%, molten iron temperature≤1380 ℃.Adopting quickened lime and ore is main slag making mode.
It is main slag making mode that quickened lime and ore are adopted in converter, and active ash requires effective CaO content >=85%.
In step (2), lime and ore join in the converter bessemerizing in 2 minutes, and head batch lime adds 10～30 kilograms of/ton steel according to molten iron silicon content, adds 3～10 kilograms of/ton steel of ore according to the molten iron temperature situation;
The smelting process bottom blown gas adopts nitrogen, and the bottom blowing flow is 0.1Nm 3/ min/t.
In step (3); Converter oxygen gun adopts the bit manipulation of constant current quantitative change rifle, and according to the standard rifle position system of bessemerizing, converter standard rifle position is opened and blown; Improve the rifle position behind the 2min; Process rifle position is higher 0.2～0.4 meter than normal, adopts the rifle position system that rises rifle piecemeal, and early stage, the rifle position was higher 0.2～0.4 meter than normal blowing during finishing blowing.
In step (5), the smelting process bottom blown gas adopts argon gas, and the bottom blowing flow is 0.05Nm 3/ min/t; According to molten iron silicon content and smelt the deslagging amount early stage and add 15～30 kilograms of/ton steel of lime, add 7～20 kilograms of/ton steel of ore according to the molten iron temperature situation.
In step (6); Converter oxygen gun adopts the bit manipulation of constant current quantitative change rifle, and according to the standard rifle position system of bessemerizing, converter opens that to blow the rifle position higher 0.2～0.4 meter than normally with process rifle position; Adopt the rifle position system of falling rifle piecemeal, it is higher 0.2 meter than normal blowing to carry rifle rifle position during finishing blowing.
In step (7), the ore add-on is at 2.5～5 kilograms of/ton steel, and the fluorite consumption is at 1～2.5 kilogram of/ton steel.
The invention has the advantages that: the big oxygen flow of the oxygen rifle soft blow technology of fs and subordinate phase combines, and has not only improved dephosphorization rate but also improved smelting efficient; Adopt early stage the soft blow operation can make slag active, improve the slag dephosphorizing capacity; Adopt bigger bottom blowing flow that slag is fully contacted, for dephosphorization provides good dynamic conditions; The smelting process deslagging can reduce the rich phosphorus slag quantity of slag, has reduced later stage rephosphorization amount; Later stage is reduced the bottom blowing flow, has effectively avoided the erosion of high-temperature molten steel to furnace bottom, can improve furnace life; Present method dephosphorization effect is stable, and molten steel is to the requirement of phosphorus content in the time of can satisfying high catch carbon tapping.
Embodiment
For smelting main points of the present invention and implementation result thereof clearly are described, the embodiment and the implementation result of 210 tons of converter smeltings is provided.
Embodiment 1:
The method that high carbon steel is produced in high catch carbon tapping according to double slag process of the present invention adds 185 tons of molten iron in 210 tons of converters, 23.5 tons of steel scraps, and the molten iron condition is: 4.13%C, 0.37%Si, 0.23%Mn, 0.10%P, 0.038%S, 1357 ℃; Fs is adopted 2.8Nm 3The blowing of the oxygen supply intensity of/min/t is opened and is blown 2.5 meters of rifle positions, 2.7～2.1 meters of process rifle positions, and 1.9 meters of catch carbon rifle positions are opened and are blown the back and in 1 minute, in converter, add 5 tons of lime (25 kilograms of/ton steel), 1.5 tons of ores (7 kilograms of/ton steel), the bottom blowing nitrogen flow is for being 0.1Nm 3/ min/t, the fs finishes hot metal composition and temperature is: 3.53%C, 0.002%Si, 0.09%Mn, 0.021%P, 0.041%S, 1387 ℃; Subordinate phase adopts 3.3Nm 3The oxygen supply intensity blowing of/min/t is opened and is blown 2.3 meters of rifle positions, 2.6～2.1 meters of process rifle positions, and 1.9 meters of blow off rifle positions are opened and are blown back adding 6 tons of lime (28 kilograms of/ton steel) in converter, 3.1 tons of ores (15 kilograms of/ton steel), the bottom blowing nitrogen flow is for being 0.05Nm 3/ min/t adds totally 700 kilograms and 200 kilograms in ore and fluorite in two batches in 80～90% of blowing oxygen consumption; Total duration of blast 14 minutes, finishing blowing, deslagging, thermometric, sampling; Tapping.Through above-mentioned smelting process, realized tapping C=0.55%, P=0.008%, tapping temperature=1595 ℃.
Embodiment 2:
The method that high carbon steel is produced in high catch carbon tapping according to double slag process of the present invention adds 183 tons of molten iron in 210 tons of converters, 25 tons of steel scraps, and the molten iron condition is: 4.03%C, 0.58%Si, 0.21%Mn, 0.097%P, 0.034%S, 1377 ℃; Fs is adopted 2.8Nm 3The oxygen supply intensity blowing of/min/t is opened and is blown 2.4 meters of rifle positions, 2.6～2.1 meters of process rifle positions; 1.8 meters of catch carbon rifle positions; Open and blow the back 4.5 tons of lime (23 kilograms of/ton steel) that in 1 minute, in converter, add, 1.5 tons of ores (7 kilograms of/ton steel), the bottom blowing nitrogen flow is for being 0.1Nm 3/ min/t, the fs finishes hot metal composition and temperature is: 3.68%C, 0.002%Si, 0.08%Mn, 0.023%P, 0.035%S, 1369 ℃; Subordinate phase adopts 3.3Nm 3The oxygen supply intensity blowing of/min/t is opened and is blown 2.3 meters of rifle positions, 2.7～2.0 meters of process rifle positions, and 1.9 meters of blow off rifle positions are opened and are blown back adding 5 tons of lime (24 kilograms of/ton steel) in converter, 3.4 tons of ores (16 kilograms of/ton steel), the bottom blowing nitrogen flow is for being 0.05Nm 3/ min/t adds totally 550 kilograms and 200 kilograms in ore and fluorite in two batches in 80～90% of blowing oxygen consumption; Total duration of blast 14.4 minutes, finishing blowing, deslagging, thermometric, sampling; Tapping.Through above-mentioned smelting process, realized tapping C=0.62%, P=0.012%, tapping temperature=1599 ℃.
Can find out that through above embodiment the method that adopts the high catch carbon tapping of double slag process of the present invention to produce high carbon steel can satisfy the dephosphorization effect under the high catch carbon condition of molten steel, realizes high catch carbon tapping.

Claims (5)

1.一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，高碳钢中碳含量为0.60～1.20％，磷含量≤0.018％，其特征在于，工艺步骤及控制的技术参数如下：1. A method for producing high-carbon steel by high-drawing carbon tapping by double slag method, carbon content in high-carbon steel is 0.60～1.20%, phosphorus content≤0.018%, it is characterized in that, process step and the technical parameters of control are as follows: (1)根据出钢温度要求，按照铁水重量为总装入量的85％～90％向转炉内装入铁水和废钢；(1) According to the tapping temperature requirement, load molten iron and steel scrap into the converter according to the weight of molten iron as 85% to 90% of the total charge; (2)转炉冶炼第一阶段0～6min，以2.8Nm3/min/t的供氧强度吹炼，向转炉内加入活性石灰、矿石造渣剂，底吹气体采用氮气，底吹流量为0.1Nm3/min/t；(2) The first stage of converter smelting is 0~6min, blowing with the oxygen supply intensity of 2.8Nm 3 /min/t, adding active lime and ore slagging agent into the converter, using nitrogen as the bottom blowing gas, and the bottom blowing flow rate is 0.1 Nm 3 /min/t; (3)转炉氧枪采用恒流量变枪位操作，根据转炉吹炼的标准枪位制度，转炉标准枪位开吹，2min后逐渐提高枪位；(3) The converter oxygen lance adopts constant flow and variable lance position operation. According to the standard lance position system of converter blowing, the standard lance position of the converter is started to blow, and the lance position is gradually increased after 2 minutes; (4)摇炉倒掉部分炉渣，倒渣量为炉渣总重量的40％-60％；(4) part of the slag is poured out by shaking the furnace, and the amount of slag poured is 40%-60% of the total weight of the slag; (5)转炉吹炼第二阶段以3.3Nm3/min/t的供氧强度吹炼，向转炉内加入活性石灰、矿石造渣剂，底吹气体采用氩气，底吹流量为0.05Nm3/min/t；(5) The second stage of converter blowing is blowing with an oxygen supply intensity of 3.3Nm 3 /min/t, adding active lime and ore slagging agent into the converter, using argon as the bottom blowing gas, and the bottom blowing flow rate is 0.05Nm 3 /min/t; (6)后期采用较高枪位开吹，逐段降枪的枪位制度；(6) In the later stage, a higher gun position is used to blow, and the gun position system is lowered step by step; (7)在总吹炼氧耗的80％～90％内，多批少量加入矿石和萤石；矿石加入量在2.5～5公斤/吨钢，萤石用量在1～2.5公斤/吨钢；(7) Within 80% to 90% of the total blowing oxygen consumption, add ore and fluorite in small quantities in multiple batches; the amount of ore added is 2.5 to 5 kg/ton of steel, and the amount of fluorite is 1 to 2.5 kg/ton of steel; (8)转炉吹炼结束，转炉摇炉倒渣、测温、取样；(8) After the converter blowing is completed, the converter shakes the slag, measures the temperature, and takes samples; (9)转炉出钢，转炉终点控制碳含量为0.4～0.85％，磷含量≤0.015％。(9) Converter tapping, the carbon content at the end of the converter is controlled to be 0.4-0.85%, and the phosphorus content is ≤0.015%. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，其特征在于：入转炉铁水要求磷含量≤0.12％，铁水硅含量≤0.60％，铁水温度≤1380℃。2. A method for producing high-carbon steel by double-slag method high-drawing carbon tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molten iron entering the converter requires a phosphorus content≤0.12%, a silicon content of the molten iron≤0.60%, and a temperature of the molten iron≤ 1380°C. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，其特征在于：转炉采用活性石灰和矿石为主的造渣方式，活性灰要求有效CaO含量≥85％。3. A method for producing high-carbon steel by double slag method high-drawing carbon tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the converter adopts the slag-making method based on active lime and ore, and the active ash requires effective CaO content ≥ 85%. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，其特征在于：在步骤②中，石灰和矿石在转炉吹炼2分钟内加入到转炉内，头批石灰根据铁水硅含量加入10～30公斤/吨钢，根据铁水温度情况加入矿石3～10公斤/吨钢。4. the method for producing high-carbon steel by a kind of double slag method high-drawing carbon tapping according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step ②, lime and ore are added in the converter within 2 minutes of converter blowing, The first batch of lime is added with 10-30 kg/ton of steel according to the silicon content of the molten iron, and 3-10 kg/ton of ore is added according to the temperature of the molten iron. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种双渣法高拉碳出钢生产高碳钢的方法，其特征在于：在步骤(5)中，根据铁水硅含量及前期冶炼倒渣量加入石灰15～30公斤/吨钢，根据铁水温度情况加入矿石7～20公斤/吨钢。5. A method for producing high-carbon steel by double-slag method high-drawing carbon tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (5), lime 15% is added according to the silicon content of molten iron and the amount of slag dumped during previous smelting. ～30 kg/ton of steel, add ore 7～20 kg/ton of steel according to the temperature of molten iron.
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CN103540707A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-01-29 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Converter smelting method through full-return-slag-single-slag process
CN103642973A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-03-19 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 Method for reducing content of iron shots in poured slag of SGRS (slag generation reduced steelmaking) process
CN104561433A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-29 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Converter smelting method of medium-high carbon and ultra-low phosphorus molten steel
CN109628697A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-16 钢铁研究总院 A kind of high-carbon dephosphorization method of Content of Medium-high Carbon Steels in Converter Steelmaking Process kind
CN112708719A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-27 安徽长江钢铁股份有限公司 Converter steelmaking method by replacing full amount of scrap steel with iron slag
CN112708716A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-27 首钢集团有限公司 Production method for rapidly increasing temperature of large scrap ratio of titanium-containing molten iron converter
CN116064989A (en) * 2022-11-12 2023-05-05 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 A dephosphorization method of top-blown converter high-phosphorus molten iron and high-drawing carbon process
CN116240329A (en) * 2023-02-23 2023-06-09 首钢集团有限公司 Smelting method of high-carbon steel

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103540707A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-01-29 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Converter smelting method through full-return-slag-single-slag process
CN103540707B (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-11-11 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 Entirely stay slag-single slag process converter smelting method
CN103642973A (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-03-19 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 Method for reducing content of iron shots in poured slag of SGRS (slag generation reduced steelmaking) process
CN104561433A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-29 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Converter smelting method of medium-high carbon and ultra-low phosphorus molten steel
CN109628697A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-16 钢铁研究总院 A kind of high-carbon dephosphorization method of Content of Medium-high Carbon Steels in Converter Steelmaking Process kind
CN109628697B (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-07-24 钢铁研究总院 A high carbon dephosphorization method for medium and high carbon steel grades in converter smelting
CN112708716A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-27 首钢集团有限公司 Production method for rapidly increasing temperature of large scrap ratio of titanium-containing molten iron converter
CN112708719A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-04-27 安徽长江钢铁股份有限公司 Converter steelmaking method by replacing full amount of scrap steel with iron slag
CN112708719B (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-03-15 安徽长江钢铁股份有限公司 Converter steelmaking method by replacing full amount of scrap steel with iron slag
CN116064989A (en) * 2022-11-12 2023-05-05 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 A dephosphorization method of top-blown converter high-phosphorus molten iron and high-drawing carbon process
CN116240329A (en) * 2023-02-23 2023-06-09 首钢集团有限公司 Smelting method of high-carbon steel
CN116240329B (en) * 2023-02-23 2025-04-11 首钢集团有限公司 A method for smelting high carbon steel

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