CN102531179A - System and method for stably and efficiently treating sewage of artificial wetland - Google Patents
System and method for stably and efficiently treating sewage of artificial wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN102531179A CN102531179A CN2011103664602A CN201110366460A CN102531179A CN 102531179 A CN102531179 A CN 102531179A CN 2011103664602 A CN2011103664602 A CN 2011103664602A CN 201110366460 A CN201110366460 A CN 201110366460A CN 102531179 A CN102531179 A CN 102531179A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a system and method for stably and efficiently treating the sewage of an artificial wetland. The system for stably and efficiently treating the sewage of the artificial wetland not only has the characteristics of low investment, simplicity and convenience in operation, low maintenance and operation costs, low energy consumption, ecological environment improvement and the like of the existing artificial wetland sewage treatment system, but also improves the removal rate for pollutants such as organic pollutant and heavy metal in the sewage by the interaction between plants of the wetland and biochar, is free from secondary pollution and is not limited by seasons. The invention further provides the method for stably and efficiently treating the sewage by the system for treating the sewage of the artificial wetland.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area, be specifically related to a kind of artificial marsh sewage treatment system and method for stability and high efficiency.
Background technology
Artificial swamp is a kind of ecosystem that utilizes ecological engineering measure simulating nature wetland to build for disposing of sewage; Mainly constitute by matrix (filler), plant and mikrobe; Through effects such as the absorption of wetland plant root system, the degradeds of root system attached microbial, realize removal to pollutent.It is of common occurrence with industrial sewage purification to utilize the artificial swamp technology to live at present, plays extraordinary ecology and economic benefit.
But the plant of wetland extensive application both at home and abroad mainly is a herbage at present, and reed, Canna generalis Bailey, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli etc. are arranged.It is little that but these plants all have a living weight, limited to the adsorptive power of pollutent, and have geodyte and blame and shift, be scattered in easily in the water body corrupt and water body caused shortcoming such as secondary pollution with results.Arbor, shrub are studied more abroad as the phytoremediation material, and domestic application is less.It mainly is Chi Shan, Avicennia marina etc. that domestic xylophyta is used kind, and mass-producing is applied in southern special area or coastal.Shrub type willow clone has fast growth, and well developed root system is to nitrogen phosphorus and harmful heavy metal high adsorption capacity; Durability against pollution is strong, and is good to water surrounding flexibility, characteristics such as anti-stump results; Being suitable for especially in the artificial swamp environment, growing, is good wetland plant material.
Matrix (filler) is the important component part of artificial wet land system, and it is not merely plant, microorganism growth provides suitable condition, also directly removes pollutent through effects such as absorption, deposition, filtrations.Selecting more filler at present for use is in the media such as chad, haydite, zeolite, coal ash, fine sand, shale, slag, slag one or more.The main drawback of these fillers is that specific surface area is little, the microorganic adhesion area is limited, removes the pollutent poor effect.Charcoal is a kind of porous carbon that is processed through thermal cracking process by organic wastes such as agricultural crop straw, plant residue, animal excrement; Have characteristics such as density height, specific surface area are big, high adsorption capacity; And its microvoid structure is suitable for microbial growth and growth especially, is a kind of ideal biologic packing material.
Advantages such as artificial swamp has investment cost province, working cost is low, maintenance management is easy and attractive in appearance.If but engineering design is unreasonable, particularly select and dispose wetland matrix and plant unreasonably for use, will cause problems such as the artificial swamp purification efficiency is low, work-ing life is short.Utilize shrub type willow clone as wetland plant in the present artificial wet land system, utilizing the charcoal material to handle the waste water aspect as the wetland biologic packing material does not simultaneously also have the correlative study report.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art; A kind of artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency is provided; This system has not only that the investment of existing artificial marsh sewage treatment system is low, easy and simple to handle, maintenance operation cost saving, power consumption are low; Characteristics such as improve the ecological environment, simultaneously since wetland plant and charcoal interaction strengthened nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in the sewage
CrDeng removal efficient, the non-secondary pollution of pollutent, and do not receive season limit.
Another object of the present invention provides the method that a kind of artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency is disposed of sewage.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency; Comprise conventional pretreatment system for sewage and artificial swamp; Conventional pretreatment system for sewage comprises grille well, equalizing tank and settling tank, and artificial swamp comprises water-distributing device, captation, pond body, is seated in the intravital wetland matrix in pond and plants the plant on matrix that pretreatment system for sewage and artificial swamp are communicated with by pipeline; It is characterized in that: said wetland type is a subsurface constructed wetland; Contain the charcoal material in the wetland matrix, the plant of planting on matrix is an xylophyta, and the charcoal material is that raw material is processed with the willow biomass.
Xylophyta is a shrub type willow clone, and planting density is 1～5 strain/m
2
The charcoal material is the charcoal particle, and particle diameter is 5～40mm.
Wetland matrix comprises cobble, gravel, rubble, haydite, coarse sand and the charcoal material by the filling of certain grating relation.
Wetland matrix is divided into three-decker; Be followed successively by bottom, middle layer and top layer from bottom to top; Bottom comprises cobble, and the middle layer mainly is made up of one or more and charcoal material mixing in gravel, rubble or the haydite, and the top layer comprises coarse sand and charcoal material.Pebble bed thickness is 20～40cm, and intermediate layer thickness is 60～100cm, and skin depth is 10～30cm.
A kind of artificial marsh sewage treating method of stability and high efficiency, its step mainly comprises:
(1) sewage at first gets into grille well, bigger suspended substance and the foreign material of main removal.Then, the water outlet of grille well gets into equalizing tank, and water quality and quantity is regulated.Subsequently, the water outlet of equalizing tank is through materials such as settling tank deposition suspended particulate and sand grains;
(2) water outlet of settling tank gets into artificial wet land system, and sewage is purified through physics, chemistry and biological action under the synergy of wetland plant, the matrix that comprises the charcoal material and mikrobe;
(3) through water qualified discharge or recycling after purifying.
Charcoal material in the said step (2) be the willow biomass material 250-800 ℃ with anoxia condition under processed in charing 1-6 hour, pulverize and make the charcoal particle, particle diameter is 5～40mm.Said charcoal carbon content is up to 50-90%.
Wetland plant in the said step (2) is a shrub type willow clone; It is the clone that comes from after domestic process breeding is authorized; And from the clone of unit seed selections such as Sweden agriculture university, the state university in USA New York, U.S. Double A Willow company, Xibei Univ. of Agricultural & Forest Science & Technology and Jiangsu Provincial Forest Science Research Inst., it has fast growth, well developed root system; To various organic pollutant high adsorption capacities such as nitrogen phosphorus, heavy metals; Durability against pollution is strong, and is good to water surrounding flexibility, characteristics such as anti-stump results.
Said wetland plant can carry out the direct transplanting plantation or carry out the cuttage plantation.
The shrub type willow clone of said direct transplanting plantation is annual clump shape nursery stock, and its number of branch is no less than 5, highly is not less than 1m, is with complete root system to transplant.
The slotting fringe that the annual kind bar of shrub type willow clone material for from cutting orchard, obtaining of said cuttage plantation, clip are made as length 5～50cm carries out the cuttage plantation.
The present invention is according to shrub type willow clone fast growth, and well developed root system is to nitrogen phosphorus and harmful heavy metal high adsorption capacity; Durability against pollution is strong; Good to water surrounding flexibility, characteristics such as anti-stump results, and the charcoal density of material is high, specific surface area is big, high adsorption capacity; And its microvoid structure is suitable for characteristics such as microbial growth and growth especially; In conjunction with the simplified construction of subsurface constructed wetland, make up one based on biologic packing material-Trinitarian complex ecosystem of shrub type willow clone-mikrobe, sewage is carried out purifying treatment.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
1), the present invention is through utilizing shrub type willow clone as constructed wetland plant, in conjunction with the structure of charcoal material and subsurface constructed wetland, can be to NH in the sewage
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Carry out efficient and degree of depth removal Deng pollutent, and clearance is up to more than 90%.
2), after the artificial swamp sewage treatment facility gets into operation, cut down once for per 1～4 annual ring of shrub type willow clone of plantation, through results over-ground part biomass, just can reach NH in the thorough transalkylation effluent
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Deng the purpose of pollutent, solved traditional wetland plant and caused secondary pollution problem owing to the replacement of withering away makes plant residue get into water body.
3), that shrub type willow clone is water-fast is wet, freeze proof, diseases and insect pests resistance and strong stress resistance, the rudiment ability is strong, anti-stump harvesting, plantation once continuously stump gather in 20-30, compare traditional wetland vegetable materials such as reed, be easy to management maintenance and harvesting utilization.In addition, shrub type willow clone does not have biotic intrusion property, and is very little to the negative impact of other biotic population of locality.
4), in environment purification, also have certain economic benefits, the willow biomass after the results can be used as the starting material of producing charcoal or the raw material of biomass energy.
5), big, the high adsorption capacity of the charcoal material specific surface area used among the present invention, many micropores, be suitable as the carrier that microorganism growth is grown, and environmentally friendly, non-secondary pollution, duration of service is long.Because research has proved that charcoal is a kind of stable carbon source, depleted charcoal filler can directly be imbedded underground, becomes a kind of effectively " carbon remittance " means, helps carbon dioxide discharge-reduction.The experiment proved that; A large amount of micro-porous adsorption of charcoal the oxygen in organic matter and the waste water; The nutrient source of high concentration is provided for the growth and breeding of micropopulation; And enzyme that produces in the microbial metabolism and coenzyme are adsorbed and are enriched in the micropore of charcoal; Microorganism and organic matter are longer time of contact on the charcoal in addition, and the organic matter that is difficult to degrade also might be decomposed through biological oxidation.The charcoal adsorbed organic matter also can be absorbed by shrub type willow clone root system; The microbial film that cultivate on the charcoal surface can be good at contained organism in the degradation of sewage; Promote plant to the absorption of pollutent and fixing; In the winter time, charcoal can remedy because of willow increment and transpiration reduce the sewage purification effect that weakens, and makes artificial wet land system can not receive season limit to keep stable wastewater purifying efficiency.
6), shrub type willow clone well developed root system, very strong to the tolerance of sewage.After being applied to subsurface constructed wetland; Its root system can obtain sufficient g and D in the wetland internal structure; Not only can absorb pollutents such as fixing a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus; And can the oxygen photosynthesis generation or that blade absorbs be carried to root through ventilating tissue, except guaranteeing the required oxygen of plant respiration, unnecessary oxygen is just secreted the oxygen form through root system and is diffused in the environment on every side; The aerobic microbiological film of cultivating for biological carbon surface provides competent oxygen, and the aerobic microbiological that promotes the charcoal surface is to organic Degradation.
7), shrub type willow clone is perennial plant, its landscape effect is better than draft wetland plant, the sprouting period that not only germinates early but also evening in leaf fall period, and is very long in the northern area view extended period.
8), the artificial wet land system among the present invention is simple in structure, saved investment cost.Compare with traditional B-grade sewage factory, its construction investment expense and running cost have saved 50%～90%.The present invention makes full use of the shrub type willow clone with high absorption capacity, and the charcoal material that is suitable for development of microorganisms, utilizes charcoal and the clonal mutual promoting action of shrub type willow, has thoroughly strengthened the ability that artificial swamp is disposed of sewage.Compared with prior art, improved vegetable material and wet land filler contribution rate, no matter on running cost, Operation and Maintenance, treatment effect, still on the economic benefit of being brought, all had remarkable advantages WWT.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the artificial swamp among the embodiment 1.
Wherein: 1-water-in, 2-water distribution zone, 3-pond body, 4-underfilling district, packing area, 5-middle layer, 6-catchment area, 7-water outlet, packing area, 8-top layer, 9-wetland plant.
Embodiment
Below further specify the present invention through specific examples.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 20cm, particle diameter are about 30～40mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that the thickness that the gravel of 10～20mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 5～10mm constitute is the middle layer of 100cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 5～10mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 5～10mm constitute is the top layer of 10cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix sachalinensis CL.SX61 for use, draw from U.S. Double AWillow company, the annual seedling direct transplanting that collects in the wetland plant culture system is planted to wetland bed going up, planting density is 1 strain/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of settling tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 2 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 92%, 90%, 92%, 90%, 93% and 94% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 90%, 89%, 90%, 88%, 92% and 92% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 30cm, diameter are about 40～50mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that the thickness that the rubble of 10～25mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 10～20mm constitute is the middle layer of 80cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 10～15mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 10～20mm constitute is the top layer of 20cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix miyabeana CL.SX64 for use, draw from U.S. Double A Willow company, from the wetland plant culture system, adopt annual kind of bar that length is about 10cm as inserting the fringe cuttage on wetland bed, planting density is 2 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 7 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 92%, 90%, 93%, 90%, 92% and 91% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 90%, 88%, 90%, 87%, 90% and 90% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 25cm, diameter are about 30～50mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that the thickness that the haydite of 10～25mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 20～30mm constitute is the middle layer of 70cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 15～20mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 20～30mm constitute is the top layer of 30cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix viminalis * Salix miyabeana CL.99202-004 (Fabius) for use; Draw certainly in U.S. Double A Willow company; From the wetland plant culture system, adopt annual kind of bar that length is about 20cm as inserting the fringe cuttage on wetland bed, planting density is 4 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 5 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 92%, 89%, 92%, 90%, 90% and 95% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 91%, 88%, 89%, 89%, 90% and 92% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 40cm, diameter are about 50～60mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that the thickness that the haydite of 20～30mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 20～30mm constitute is the middle layer of 60cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 10～15mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 20～30mm constitute is the top layer of 20cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix dasyclados CL.SV1 for use, draw from U.S. Double A Willow company, from the wetland plant culture system, adopt annual kind of bar that length is about 30cm as inserting the fringe cuttage on wetland bed, planting density is 3 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 6 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 90%, 93%, 90%, 90%, 92% and 90% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 89%, 92%, 88%, 89%, 90% and 90% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 40cm, diameter are about 70～80mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that gravel, rubble and the particle diameter of 20～30mm is that the thickness that the charcoal material of 15～25mm constitutes is the middle layer of 70cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 20～25mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 15～25mm constitute is the top layer of 10cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix sachalinensis * Salix miyabeana CL.9870-23 (Marcy) for use; Draw certainly in U.S. Double A Willow company; The annual seedling direct transplanting that collects in the wetland plant culture system is planted to wetland bed going up, and planting density is 4 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 7 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 92%, 90%, 91%, 91%, 93% and 90% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 91%, 88%, 90%, 90%, 91% and 90% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 30cm, diameter are about 60～80mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that rubble, haydite and the particle diameter of 20～30mm is that the thickness that the charcoal material of 30～40mm constitutes is the middle layer of 85cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 5～10mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 30～40mm constitute is the top layer of 15cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix sachalinensis * Salix miyabeana CL.9871-31 (Sherburne) for use; Draw certainly in U.S. Double A Willow company; The annual seedling direct transplanting that collects in the wetland plant culture system is planted to wetland bed going up, and planting density is 2 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 6 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 89%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 92% and 90% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 88%, 89%, 90%, 92%, 90% and 90% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 35cm, diameter are about 65～80mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that rubble, haydite and the particle diameter of 20～30mm is that the thickness that the charcoal material of 30～40mm constitutes is the middle layer of 85cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 5～10mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 30～40mm constitute is the top layer of 15cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix viminalis * Salix miyabeana CL.99202-004 for use; Draw certainly in U.S. Double A Willow company; Annual kind of bar that acquisition length is about 20cm from the wetland plant culture system is as inserting the fringe cuttage on wetland bed, and planting density is 3 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 7 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 93%, 90%, 91%, 94%, 90% and 89% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 91%, 88%, 90%, 91%, 90% and 88% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Artificial wet land system mainly is made up of pond body, matrix, wetland plant, water distribution zone, catchment area and pipeline.It is the pebble bed that 40cm, diameter are about 60～70mm that the inner filler of artificial swamp is followed successively by thickness from the bottom to top; By particle diameter is that rubble, haydite and the particle diameter of 20～30mm is that the thickness that the charcoal material of 30～40mm constitutes is the middle layer of 85cm, and is that the thickness that the coarse sand of 5～10mm and charcoal material that particle diameter is 30～40mm constitute is the top layer of 15cm by particle diameter.
Select Salix purpurea CL.9882-41 (Wolcott) for use, draw from U.S. Double A Willow company, the annual seedling direct transplanting that collects in the wetland plant culture system is planted to wetland bed going up, planting density is 5 strains/m
2After treating that plant is stable, introduce sewage.Grille well and equalizing tank, settling tank that sewage is flowed through in the conventional pretreatment system for sewage successively carry out pre-treatment, and the water outlet of equalizing tank flows into artificial wet land system then, after wet land system is handled (hydraulic detention time was made as 5 days), and NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance reached more than 92%, 95%, 90%, 90%, 90% and 91% NH in the winter time respectively
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance also reached more than 90%, 93%, 90%, 88%, 88% and 90% effect stability and good respectively.But after treatment waste water qualified discharge or reuse.Each item detects index and all measures with reference to National Standard Method.
Charcoal material in the wetland matrix among above-mentioned eight embodiment is removed, and under the constant condition of conditionally completes such as Inlet and outlet water, other filler, wetland type, plant, hydraulic detention time, wet land system is to NH
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance be merely 65%～77%, 60%～75% respectively, 62%～78%, 65%～75%, 66%～80%, 65%～78%, NH in the winter time
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance be merely 63%～75%, 57%～71%, 59%～71%, 60%～70%, 60%～77%, 60%～72% respectively.
Through embodiment 1-8 and embodiment 9 contrasts are visible, the present invention with the charcoal material as after applying filler is in the wet land system, because the interaction of charcoal and wetland plant, to NH in the sewage
4 +-N, TN, TP, SS, COD
Cr, BOD
5Clearance Deng pollutent all is higher than reference examples far away, has reached the purpose of good purifying domestic sewage.
At last, what note also is that what more than to enumerate only is several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, and embodiments of the invention do not constitute the restriction that the present invention is further used.
Claims (10)
1. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of a stability and high efficiency; Comprise conventional pretreatment system for sewage and artificial swamp; The wetland type is a subsurface constructed wetland, and conventional pretreatment system for sewage comprises grille well, equalizing tank and settling tank, and artificial swamp comprises water-distributing device, captation, pond body, is seated in the intravital wetland matrix in pond and plants the plant on matrix; Pretreatment system for sewage and artificial swamp are communicated with by pipeline; It is characterized in that: contain the charcoal material in the wetland matrix, the plant of planting on matrix is an xylophyta, and the charcoal material is that raw material is processed with the willow biomass.
2. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: xylophyta is a shrub type willow clone.
3. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the clonal planting density of shrub type willow is 1～5 strain/m
2
4. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the charcoal material is the charcoal particle.
5. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the charcoal particle grain size is 5～40mm.
6. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wetland matrix comprises cobble, gravel, rubble, haydite, coarse sand and the charcoal material by the filling of grating relation.
7. like the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of claim 1 or 6 described stability and high efficiencies; It is characterized in that: wetland matrix is divided into three-decker; Be followed successively by bottom, middle layer and top layer from bottom to top; Bottom comprises cobble, and the middle layer mainly is made up of one or more and charcoal material mixing in gravel, rubble or the haydite, and the top layer comprises coarse sand and charcoal material.
8. the artificial marsh sewage treatment system of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: pebble bed thickness is 20～40cm, and intermediate layer thickness is 60～100cm, and skin depth is 10～30cm.
9. the artificial marsh sewage treating method of a stability and high efficiency, its step mainly comprises:
(1) sewage at first gets into grille well, removes bigger suspended substance and foreign material, and the water outlet of grille well gets into equalizing tank, and water quality, the water yield are regulated, and the water outlet of equalizing tank is through settling tank deposition suspended particulate and sand grains;
(2) water outlet of settling tank gets into artificial wet land system, and sewage is purified through physics, chemistry and biological action under the synergy of wetland plant, the matrix that comprises the charcoal material and mikrobe;
(3) through water qualified discharge or recycling after purifying.
10. the artificial marsh sewage treating method of stability and high efficiency as claimed in claim 9; It is characterized in that charcoal material in the step (2) be the willow biomass material 250-800 ℃ with anoxia condition under be ground into particle after charing 1-6 hour, particle diameter is 5～40mm.
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