CN102528246B - Three-wire welding process for vertical welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-wire welding process for vertical welding. A first welding torch with a first welding wire, a second welding torch with a second welding wire and a third welding torch with a third welding wire are installed on the welding machine. The welding torch and the third welding torch are symmetrically arranged on both sides directly below the first welding torch, each welding torch is provided with a welding torch attitude adjustment device, and each welding wire is equipped with a wire feeding mechanism, a welding power supply and a shielding gas device. In the present invention, through the spatial arrangement of the three welding guns and the matching of the welding parameters of the three welding wires, the arc gas blowing force and the shielding gas blowing force generated by the second welding wire and the third welding wire generate upward and inward component forces, supporting The flowing molten metal realizes the control of the geometric size of the molten pool and ensures the welding quality.

Description

A three-wire welding process for vertical welding

technical field

The invention relates to welding technology, in particular to a three-wire welding technology for vertical welding.

Background technique

Vertical welding technology, especially thick plate vertical welding operation, is widely used in the design and construction of container ships, large oil storage tanks, blast furnace shells and other assembly fields. However, during vertical welding, the molten metal formed by the melting of the electrode and the molten metal in the molten pool can easily fall and overflow due to gravity, which makes the formation of the weld difficult, and the formation of the weld is not as beautiful as that of the flat welding.

The multi-wire eutectic pool welding technology has been widely used due to its high welding speed and high deposition speed. Experimental research shows that the speed and deposition rate of twin-wire welding are 3-4 times that of single-wire welding, and three-wire welding is more than 4-5 times that of single-wire welding. Especially for medium and thick plate welding, it can greatly improve to welding efficiency. At the same time, the welding technology of the multi-wire eutectic pool also has the function of controlling the molten pool, that is, the spatial size and tissue composition of the molten pool.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the technical problem that the welding seam is difficult to form due to the melting of the electrode and the quality of the welding seam is low during vertical welding. It utilizes the characteristics of high efficiency of the multi-wire eutectic pool welding technology and the controllability of the molten pool to provide a method for Three-wire welding process for vertical welding.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A three-wire welding process for vertical welding, the three-wire welding system on which the welding process is based includes a welding machine on which a first welding torch with a first welding wire, a second welding torch with a second welding wire and A third welding torch with a third welding wire is provided, the second welding torch and the third welding torch are symmetrically arranged on both sides directly below the first welding torch, the first welding torch, the second welding torch and the first welding torch The three welding guns are respectively equipped with welding gun attitude adjustment devices, and the first welding wire, the second welding wire and the third welding wire are respectively equipped with a wire feeding mechanism, a welding power supply and a shielding gas device;

Include the following steps:

(1) The first welding torch is located at the front end along the welding direction, the second welding torch and the third welding torch are located at the rear end, and the first welding torch and the second welding torch are respectively adjusted by the welding torch posture adjustment device. welding gun and the third welding gun, so that the tip distance between the first welding wire, the second welding wire and the third welding wire is 10-20 mm;

(2) Use the welding torch attitude adjustment device to adjust the welding torch attitudes of the first welding torch, the second welding torch and the third welding torch respectively, so that the included angle between the first welding wire and the vertical line of the plane to be welded is Between 0° and 15°, the included angle between the second welding wire and the third welding wire and the plane to be welded is between 45° and 75°, and the second welding wire and the third welding wire are respectively perpendicular to the plane to be welded The angle between them is between 15° and 25°;

(3) Welding starts, and the first layer of welding is carried out by using the molten electrode gas protection method, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire is 130-160A, the welding voltage is 20-24V, the welding speed is 6-12cm/min, and the gas The flow rate is 40-45L/min, the welding power supply is DC positive connection; the welding current of the second welding wire and the third welding wire is 140-160A, the welding voltage is 20-24V, the welding speed is 6-12cm/min, the gas The flow rate is 45-50L/min, and the welding power source is DC positive connection;

(4) After the first layer of welding is completed, use the welding torch attitude adjustment device to adjust the included angle between the second welding wire and the third welding wire and the vertical line of the plane to be welded to be between 25° and 45°;

(5) The second layer of welding is carried out by using the molten electrode gas protection method, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire is 180-220A, the welding voltage is 24-28V, the welding speed is 16-22cm/min, and the gas flow rate is 55- 65L/min, the welding power supply is DC positive connection; the welding current of the second welding wire and the third welding wire is 200-240A, the welding voltage is 24-28V, the welding speed is 16-22cm/min, and the gas flow rate is 60-240A 75L/min, the welding power supply is DC positive connection.

Wherein, the welding torch posture adjustment device includes a horizontal adjustment device, a vertical adjustment device, a longitudinal adjustment device and an angle adjustment device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the present invention, through the spatial arrangement of the three welding guns and the matching of the welding parameters of the three welding wires, the arc gas blowing force and the shielding gas blowing force generated by the second welding wire and the third welding wire generate upward and inward component forces, supporting The flowing molten metal realizes the control of the geometric size of the molten pool and ensures the welding quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-wire welding system for vertical welding provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-wire welding process for vertical welding provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a front view of Fig. 2 .

In the figure: 11, the first welding wire, 12, the first welding torch, 21, the second welding wire, 22, the second welding torch, 31, the third welding wire, 32, the third welding torch, 4: welding torch attitude adjustment device, 5: wire feeding Mechanism, 6: welding power supply, 7, workpiece to be welded.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment discloses a three-wire welding system for vertical welding, three welding torches are installed on the welding machine, which are respectively referred to as the first welding torch 12, the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32, The first welding wire 11 , the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 are respectively arranged thereon. The second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 are respectively located on two sides directly below the first welding torch 12 , and the installation positions of the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 are symmetrical with respect to the first welding torch 12 .

The first welding torch 12 , the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 are respectively provided with a welding torch attitude adjusting device 4 . Wherein, the welding torch posture adjustment device 4 specifically includes a horizontal adjustment device, a vertical adjustment device, a longitudinal adjustment device and an angle adjustment device. Horizontal adjustment device, vertical adjustment device, longitudinal adjustment device and angle adjustment device are all general adjustment devices on existing welding equipment.

The first welding wire 11 , the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 are equipped with a wire feeding mechanism, a welding power source and a shielding gas device respectively.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, this embodiment also discloses a three-wire welding process for vertical welding. The welding process adopts a three-wire melting electrode gas shielded welding method. Use welding wire or electrodes of the same grade as the yield strength of the workpiece to be welded.

Before welding, carefully familiarize yourself with the construction drawings and processes, check whether the groove size and assembly accuracy meet the requirements of the corresponding quality standards, and remove oil, slag, and debris in the area to be welded to avoid the impact of impurities on the welding quality.

Example 1

This welding process is especially aimed at welding workpieces with a thickness of 25mm, and adopts single-sided V-shaped groove welding, and the butt groove angle is 60°±5°.

Make the first welding gun 12 be positioned at the front end along the welding direction, make the second welding gun 22 and the 3rd welding gun 32 be positioned at the rear end, promptly welding direction is when upward vertical welding, the position of the first welding gun 12 is on the top, the second welding gun 22 and the third welding gun 32 are positioned at the rear end. The position of the welding torch 32 is below. During vertical welding, the first welding wire 11 plays a major role in the process of melting the workpiece to form a welding pool, and the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 play a role in adjusting the geometric size of the molten pool and supporting the flow of the molten pool under the action of gravity. The action of molten metal.

Before welding, adjust the welding postures of the three welding guns respectively, and use the horizontal adjustment device, the vertical adjustment device and the longitudinal adjustment device to adjust the distance between the tips of the first welding wire 11, the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 to be 10mm respectively. The distance between the first welding wire 11 , the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is controlled within the range of producing a weld pool.

Utilize the welding torch attitude adjusting device to adjust the welding torch attitude of the first welding torch 12, the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 respectively, the included angle between the first welding wire 11 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded is γ, the second welding wire 21 and the first welding torch The included angle between the third welding wire 31 and the plane to be welded is β, and the included angle α between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded respectively. The included angle γ is 0°, and the included angle α is 45° to ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the blowing force of the protective gas of each arc generate an upward component force on the molten pool. Hold the flowing metal; make the included angle β between 15°, ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 produces an inward component force on the molten pool, and control the geometric size of the molten pool.

Carry out the first layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 130-135A, the welding voltage is 20-21V, the welding speed is 6-8cm/min, the gas flow rate is 40-45L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 140-145A, the welding voltage is 20-21V, the welding speed is 6-8cm/min, the gas flow rate is 45-50L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection.

After the first layer of welding is completed, use the angle adjustment device to adjust the angle between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded respectively to be 25 °;

Carry out the second layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 180-185A, the welding voltage is 24-25V, the welding speed is 16-18cm/min, the gas flow rate is 55-60L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection; The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 200-210A, the welding voltage is 24-25V, the welding speed is 16-18cm/min, the gas flow rate is 60-65L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection.

Example 2

This welding process is especially aimed at welding workpieces with a thickness of 30mm, and adopts single-sided V-shaped groove welding, and the butt groove angle is 60°±5°.

Make the first welding gun 12 be positioned at the front end along the welding direction, make the second welding gun 22 and the 3rd welding gun 32 be positioned at the rear end, promptly welding direction is when upward vertical welding, the position of the first welding gun 12 is on the top, the second welding gun 22 and the third welding gun 32 are positioned at the rear end. The position of the welding torch 32 is below. During vertical welding, the first welding wire 11 plays a major role in the process of melting the workpiece to form a welding pool, and the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 play a role in adjusting the geometric size of the molten pool and supporting the flow of the molten pool under the action of gravity. The action of molten metal.

Before welding, adjust the welding postures of the three welding torches respectively, and use the horizontal adjustment device, vertical adjustment device and longitudinal adjustment device to adjust the distance between the tips of the first welding wire 11, the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 to be 15mm respectively. The distance between the first welding wire 11 , the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is controlled within the range of producing a weld pool.

Utilize the welding torch attitude adjusting device to adjust the welding torch attitude of the first welding torch 12, the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 respectively, the included angle between the first welding wire 11 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded is γ, the second welding wire 21 and the first welding torch The included angle between the third welding wire 31 and the plane to be welded is β, and the included angle α between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded respectively. The included angle γ is 8°, and the included angle α is 60° to ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the blowing force of the protective gas of each arc generate an upward component force on the molten pool. Hold the flowing metal; make the included angle β between 20°, ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 produces an inward component force on the molten pool, and control the geometric size of the molten pool.

Carry out the first layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 140-145A, the welding voltage is 21-22V, the welding speed is 8-10cm/min, the gas flow rate is 40-45L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 145-150A, the welding voltage is 21-22V, the welding speed is 8-10cm/min, the gas flow is 45-50L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection.

After the first layer of welding is completed, use the angle adjustment device to adjust the angle between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded to be 40°;

Carry out the second layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 190-200A, the welding voltage is 25-26V, the welding speed is 18-20cm/min, the gas flow rate is 55-60L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection; The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 210-220A, the welding voltage is 25-26V, the welding speed is 18-20cm/min, the gas flow rate is 65-70L/min, and the welding power supply is direct current.

Example 3

This welding process is especially aimed at welding workpieces with a thickness of 40mm, and adopts single-sided V-shaped groove welding, and the butt groove angle is 60°±5°.

Make the first welding gun 12 be positioned at the front end along the welding direction, make the second welding gun 22 and the 3rd welding gun 32 be positioned at the rear end, promptly welding direction is when upward vertical welding, the position of the first welding gun 12 is on the top, the second welding gun 22 and the third welding gun 32 are positioned at the rear end. The position of the welding torch 32 is below. During vertical welding, the first welding wire 11 plays a major role in the process of melting the workpiece to form a welding pool, and the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 play a role in adjusting the geometric size of the molten pool and supporting the flow of the molten pool under the action of gravity. The action of molten metal.

Before welding, adjust the welding postures of the three welding guns respectively, and use the horizontal adjustment device, vertical adjustment device and longitudinal adjustment device to adjust the tip distance between the first welding wire 11, the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 respectively to 20mm. The distance between the first welding wire 11 , the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is controlled within the range of producing a weld pool.

Utilize the welding torch attitude adjusting device to adjust the welding torch attitude of the first welding torch 12, the second welding torch 22 and the third welding torch 32 respectively, the included angle between the first welding wire 11 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded is γ, the second welding wire 21 and the first welding torch The included angle between the third welding wire 31 and the plane to be welded is β, and the included angle α between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded respectively. The included angle γ is 15°, and the included angle α is 75° to ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the blowing force of the shielding gas of each arc generate an upward component force on the molten pool. Hold the flowing metal; make the included angle β 25° to ensure that the blowing force of the arc gas generated by the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 generates an inward component force on the molten pool, and controls the geometric size of the molten pool.

Carry out the first layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 150-160A, the welding voltage is 22-24V, the welding speed is 10-12cm/min, the gas flow rate is 40-45L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 155～160A, the welding voltage is 22～24V, the welding speed is 10～12cm/min, the gas flow is 45～50L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection.

After the first layer of welding is completed, use the angle adjustment device to adjust the angle between the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 and the vertical line of the plane to be welded to be 45°;

Carry out the second layer of welding, wherein the welding current of the first welding wire 11 is 210-220A, the welding voltage is 26-28V, the welding speed is 20-22cm/min, the gas flow rate is 60-65L/min, and the welding power supply is DC positive connection; The welding current of the second welding wire 21 and the third welding wire 31 is 220-240A, the welding voltage is 26-28V, the welding speed is 20-22cm/min, the gas flow rate is 65-75L/min, and the welding power supply is direct current.

After the welding is completed, clean up and inspect, including: 1. Carefully remove weld slag and spatter after welding; 2. Conduct non-destructive testing on the weld according to relevant standards after welding; 3. For defective welds that need to be repaired, Repair according to the actual situation, and then carry out non-destructive testing after repair; 4. The quality of welds should meet the requirements of relevant acceptance standards.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, personnel can also make specific changes in many forms, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. three welding procedures for vertical position welding, this welding procedure based on three wire bond welding systems comprise welding machine, the first welding gun that the first welding wire is set is installed on described welding machine, second welding gun and the 3rd welding gun that the 3rd welding wire is set of the second welding wire are set, described the second welding gun and described the 3rd welding gun are arranged on the both sides under described the first welding gun symmetrically, described the first welding gun, on described the second welding gun and described the 3rd welding gun, be respectively arranged with posture of welding torch adjusting device, described the first welding wire, on described the second welding wire and described the 3rd welding wire, is furnished with respectively wire feeder, the source of welding current and protective gas device,

It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) make described the first welding gun be positioned at front end along welding direction, make described the second welding gun and described the 3rd welding gun be positioned at rear end, utilize described posture of welding torch adjusting device to adjust respectively described the first welding gun, described the second welding gun and described the 3rd welding gun, making the first welding wire, described the second welding wire and described the 3rd welding wire distance between two tips is between any two 10～20mm;

(2) utilize described posture of welding torch adjusting device to adjust respectively the posture of welding torch of described the first welding gun, described the second welding gun and described the 3rd welding gun, making the angle between the first welding wire and the vertical line of plane to be welded is between 0 °～15 °, the angle of described the second welding wire and the 3rd welding wire and plane to be welded is between 45 °～75 °, and described the second welding wire and the angle of the 3rd welding wire respectively and between the vertical line of plane to be welded are between 15 °～25 °;

(3) start welding, adopt consumable electrode gas-arc method to carry out ground floor welding, the welding current of wherein said the first welding wire is 130～160A, weldingvoltage is 20～24V, speed of welding is 6～12cm/min, and gas flow is 40～45L/min, and the source of welding current is straight polarity direct current; The welding current of described the second welding wire and described the 3rd welding wire is 140～160A, and weldingvoltage is 20～24V, and speed of welding is 6～12cm/min, and gas flow is 45～50L/min, and the source of welding current is straight polarity direct current;

(4), after ground floor has welded, utilize described posture of welding torch adjusting device to adjust respectively described the second welding wire and the angle of the 3rd welding wire respectively and between the vertical line of plane to be welded is between 25 °～45 °;

(5) adopt consumable electrode gas-arc method to carry out second layer welding, the welding current of wherein said the first welding wire is 180～220A, and weldingvoltage is 24～28V, and speed of welding is 16～22cm/min, gas flow is 55～65L/min, and the source of welding current is straight polarity direct current; The welding current of described the second welding wire and described the 3rd welding wire is 200～240A, and weldingvoltage is 24～28V, and speed of welding is 16～22cm/min, and gas flow is 60～75L/min, and the source of welding current is straight polarity direct current.

2. a kind of three welding procedures for vertical position welding according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described posture of welding torch adjusting device comprises transverse adjustment device, vertical adjusting apparatus, longitudinal adjusting device and angular adjustment apparatus.