CN102515958A - Natural culture medium for cultivation of tropical adnascent flowering plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation substrates, and relates to a natural cultivation substrate for providing tropical epiphytic flowers, which is to cut the nutrient substance composed of the group-shaped aerial roots of the nest base part of wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside into blocks, and then mix it with The auxiliary materials are mixed uniformly. The present invention uses the nutrient substances composed of the mass aerial roots of the base part of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside it as the main component of the matrix, supplemented by various organic and inorganic auxiliary materials, and has the functions of promoting growth, prolonging flowering period, improving stress resistance, etc. Features, improve the ornamental value and economic value of flowers, is a kind of natural flower cultivation substrate, has important practical significance in labor force, economy and environmental protection.

Description

A natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation substrates, and relates to a flower cultivation substrate, in particular to a natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers, such as tropical orchids, anthuriums, pineapples, ornamental ferns and other flowers.

Background technique

Since the middle of the 19th century, people began to cultivate plants with gravel, quartz and activated carbon as substrates. Soilless cultivation has increasingly demonstrated the incomparable advantages of traditional cultivation in terms of land productivity, labor production and product commodity rate. With the emergence of new materials, Soilless cultivation substrates soon expanded to perlite, ceramsite, silica gel, zeolite, foam plastic, synthetic resin, peat, coconut shell, bark, sawdust, slag, rice husk, medicine residue, etc., and even industrial waste.

The current cultivation medium is still mainly peat, rock wool and some mixtures, which are easy to cause adverse effects on plants, such as continuous cropping obstacles, secondary salinization of the substrate, and easy breeding of diseases and insect pests, etc. In addition, the substrate itself does not provide nutrition. Subsequent production In addition, it is necessary to continuously supplement various fertilizers and nutrients, etc., which will burden the workers in terms of labor and economy.

In recent years, low-carbon life and green production are very popular. Traditional substrate production consumes energy, the process of obtaining materials destroys a variety of biological habitats, and the substrate waste after use pollutes the environment. With people's emphasis on green life, development and It has gradually become a trend to use environmentally friendly substrates that have a wide range of sources, low prices, can provide nutrients for plants, can withstand plant adversity, and have a high reuse rate, and wastes after use can become soil components.

Aerial plants refer to plants that do not require soil, and all the water and nutrients required for growth can come from the air. It is different from epiphytic plants and plants with aerial roots. It mainly includes some epiphytic groups in lichens, mosses, ferns, bromeliads and orchids. Epiphytes do not come into contact with the soil, and their roots attach to the branches of other trees to grow, using rain, dew, water vapor in the air and limited humus (rotten dead branches and leaves or animal excrement, etc.) to live, such as ferns They usually do not grow very tall, can carry out photosynthesis by themselves, and will not plunder the nutrients and water of the plants it is attached to (different from parasitic plants).

At present, in the flower market, epiphytic tropical orchids, pineapples and ferns are gradually becoming popular in the flower industry. At the same time, urban greening in tropical areas needs to bind epiphytic flowers on green tree trunks to create a rainforest landscape. However, due to the change of its original habitat, there is no corresponding substrate in artificial cultivation. But the existing substrate can't supply the nutrients needed in its aerial state well, and the growth condition is not very ideal in production practice. Therefore, the development of natural special substrates suitable for epiphytic tropical flowers can make epiphytic plants produce in a way close to nature, promote the good development of this industry, and have a very broad prospect.

Wild bird's nest fern (Asplenium antiquum, nidus, autralia spp.) is a common epiphytic fern in tropical rain forests. Its developed roots and extended leaves that climb on the branches of large trees form a bird's nest shape. Its special structure and ecological physiology characteristics, so that the clumps of bird's nests can receive and wrap a large amount of litter, bird droppings and rainwater, and convert these substances into nutrient-rich humus, thereby forming a cluster of aerial roots and The nutrients formed by the humus inside it, and the well-developed roots of bird's nest fern have good water retention performance, and the root microenvironment fungal community is rich (the beneficial symbiotic bacteria of the plant can account for 90%). The ingredients are rich and complete, and can be absorbed by the plant, so that other plants in the wild can live in symbiosis with it.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers, which is composed of the group-shaped aerial roots of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside the nutrient substance as the main component of the substrate, supplemented by various organic , Inorganic materials, with the characteristics of promoting growth, prolonging flowering period, bright flower color, and improving stress resistance, are a kind of natural flower cultivation substrate, which has important practical significance in terms of labor force, economy, and environmental protection.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:

A natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers, which is made by cutting the nutrients composed of the aerial roots of wild bird's nest ferns and the humus inside them into blocks, and then mixing them with auxiliary materials evenly. In terms of weight percentage: 75% to 90% of the nutritive substance formed by the mass aerial roots of the nest base part of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside, and 10% to 25% of the auxiliary materials. The auxiliary material is one or a mixture of coconut bran, bark, volcanic stone, shavings or charcoal.

Before use, the above-mentioned cultivation substrate is placed in a planting container, or packed into a mesh bag, and then the epiphytic flower seedlings can be transplanted.

The preparation process of the present invention is simple, and the nutrient substances composed of the mass aerial roots of the base part of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside are used as the main component of the matrix, supplemented by various organic and inorganic auxiliary materials, and have the functions of promoting growth, prolonging the flowering period, improving the Stress resistance and other characteristics, it is a natural flower cultivation substrate, used for cultivating all kinds of flowers, no yellowing of leaves, chlorosis, insect damage, flowering period is about 1-2 months faster than other substrates, and improves the flower quality. Its ornamental value and economic value have important practical significance in labor force, economy and environmental protection.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the examples, the specific implementation of the present invention will be further described in detail.

The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one

Cut the nutrient substance composed of the mass aerial roots of the nest base part of wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside into blocks, and then mix it with auxiliary materials evenly in a weight ratio of 3:1 to obtain natural cultivation of tropical epiphytic flowers The substrate, wherein the auxiliary material is obtained by mixing shredded coconut and bark in a weight ratio of shredded coconut: bark=1:2.

Embodiment two

Cut the nutrient substance formed by the mass aerial root of the wild bird's nest fern nest base part and the humus inside into blocks, and then mix it with shredded coconut, bark and volcanic stone in a weight ratio of 9:1:1:1 The ratio is evenly mixed to obtain a natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers.

Embodiment Three

Cut the nutrient substance composed of the mass aerial root of the nest base part of wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside into blocks, and then mix it with wood shavings in a weight ratio of 9:1 to obtain natural cultivation of tropical epiphytic flowers matrix.

Cultivation test:

The cultivation substrate formulations of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 were used in the potted cut flower experiment of tropical epiphytic orchid yellow 3 oncidium, and the group-shaped aerial roots of the base part of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside were used The composed nutrient was used as a control (CK1), and the traditional cultivation substrate (coconut peat: volcanic rock: charcoal=1:1:1) was used as a control (CK2), cultivated under the same conditions (shade net, steel frame, potted plant, Regular watering, normal management), the results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 The growth and development status of potted cut flowers of Huang 3 oncidium cultivated in different substrates (based on one growth period from seedlings)

As can be seen from Table 1, adopt the cultivation medium provided by the present invention, the growth and development of Oncidium is better than the traditional coconut bran matrix formula, and is also better than using the group aerial roots and its components of wild bird's nest fern nest base part alone. Nutrients composed of internal humus.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A natural cultivation substrate for tropical epiphytic flowers is characterized in that the nutrient substance formed by the mass aerial roots of the wild bird's nest fern nest base part and the humus inside it is cut into blocks, and then mixed with auxiliary materials evenly to prepare In which, by weight percentage: 75% to 90% of the nutrients formed by the mass aerial roots of the nest base part of the wild bird's nest fern and the humus inside, and 10% to 25% of auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials are coconut bran, tree One or a combination of bark, volcanic stone, wood shavings or charcoal.