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CN102510787A - 用于制造齿轮的机器 - Google Patents

用于制造齿轮的机器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102510787A
CN102510787A CN201080042367XA CN201080042367A CN102510787A CN 102510787 A CN102510787 A CN 102510787A CN 201080042367X A CN201080042367X A CN 201080042367XA CN 201080042367 A CN201080042367 A CN 201080042367A CN 102510787 A CN102510787 A CN 102510787A
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sliding part
workpiece
machine
operating head
piece
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CN102510787B (zh
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阿特米奥·阿法蒂卡蒂
马尔科·弗朗西斯切特
毛罗·曼阿拉
维托·佩罗内
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/626—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B23F17/006—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups using different machines or machining operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
    • B23F5/22—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool being a hob for making spur gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/28—Means for securing sliding members in any desired position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B23Q39/028—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of workholder per toolhead in operating position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5176—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling including machining means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于制造齿轮的机器(1)。所述机器包括：至少一个工件固定器工作台(7)，所述工件固定器工作台安装为围绕给定的其第一纵向轴线(8)旋转并支撑正在加工的工件；以及至少一个操作头(39)，所述操作头设置有用于加工工件的至少一个工具(42)。机器(1)的特征在于，工件固定器工作台(7)和操作头(39)被提供有在第一方向(4)上相对于彼此的相对运动。此外，操作头(39)和工件固定器工作台(7)可根据待在工件上进行的加工工艺沿着其相应的路径选择性地停止。

Description

用于制造齿轮的机器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造齿轮的机器。
背景技术
在齿轮制造领域，已知的齿轮制造方法包括在对应工件上加工出一组齿且随后对带齿工件进行磨削。每个齿轮切割和磨削工艺均包括相应的工件的粗加工阶段和精加工阶段。
通常，齿轮切割工艺通过齿轮切割机执行，所述齿轮切割机包括操作头以及安装为围绕其自身的纵向轴线旋转的工件固定器工作台，所述操作头设置有用于加工工件的至少一个工具，并可沿着在基本上横切于工件固定器工作台的纵向轴线的方向上延伸的导向装置移动。
由于齿轮切割工艺过程中传输至操作头从而传输至导向机构的高应力等级可能影响所述导向机构的正确定向和正确成形，上述类型的现有技术齿轮切割机尽管状件已经过极其严密的试验和测试，但不能执行后续的磨削阶段，不同于初始齿轮切割工艺，所述磨削阶段要求更高的精度和容限。
因此，一旦完成齿轮切割工艺，工件必须转移至结构类似于齿轮切割机的磨削机，这从而使得齿轮生产工艺是相对复杂的且昂贵的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种没有上述缺点的生产起来简单且经济的用于制造齿轮的机器。
根据本发明，提供了一种如所附权利要求中所公开的用于制造齿轮的机器。
附图说明
现在将参考示出了本发明的非限制性实施例的附图描述本发明，其中：
图1是根据本发明的机器的优选实施例的示意性透视图；
图2是图1中的机器的平面图；以及
图3是图1和图2中的机器的第二细节的示意性侧视图，为了清楚起见，去除了一些部件和部件的部分。
具体实施方式
参考图1和3，总体上由标号1表示的用于制造齿轮(没有示出这些齿轮)的机器包括支撑框架2，所述支撑框架的形状基本上为矩形，并支撑互相平行且平行于基本上水平的方向4的两个导向装置3。
每个装置3滑动地接合包括滑动件6的相关工件固定器单元5，所述滑动件滑动地接合至装置3，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而相对于框架2在方向4上以直线移动，并支撑工件固定器工作台7，所述工件固定器工作台适于支撑基本上为圆柱形的工件(未示出)。工件固定器工作台7安装在滑动件6上，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而相对于滑动件6围绕其自身的平行于基本上竖直的方向9且横切于方向4的纵向轴线8旋转。
参考图1，每个单元5与包括直立柱16的操作单元15协作，所述直立柱在方向9上从框架2向上延伸，并布置在面向另一单元15的柱16的两个单元5之间并支撑滑动件17，所述滑动件滑动地接合至柱16，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而沿着柱16在方向9上以直线移动。
单元15还包括支撑臂18，所述支撑臂铰接至滑动件17，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而相对于滑动件17围绕平行于方向9的支轴19旋转，并支撑用于加工和/或控制安装在相关工件固定器工作台7上的工件(未示出)的辅助装置(未示出)。
机器1还设置有附加操作单元20，所述附加操作单元包括：细长的底座21，所述底座在方向14上延伸并布置在框架2旁边，并且所述底座的一端从所述框架2突出；水平滑动件22，所述水平滑动件在方向9上从底座21向上延伸，并滑动地接合至底座21，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而在方向14上沿着底座21以直线移动；以及竖直滑动件23，滑动地接合至滑动件22，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而在方向9上沿着滑动件22以直线移动。
根据图3所示，滑动件23可旋转地接合管状件24，所述管状件具有平行于方向4的纵向轴线25，穿过滑动件23延伸，并安装为通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而相对于滑动件23围绕所述轴线25旋转。
管状件24支撑管状滑动件26，所述管状滑动件与轴线25同轴地在管状件24内延伸，轴向地受面向管状件24且在所述管状件外延伸的环状凸缘27限制，滑动地接合至平行于方向4安装在管状件24的内表面上的一对导轨24a，还通过丝杠系统接合至致动装置29的螺杆28，固定至管状件24的所述致动装置的一个发动机30使螺杆28旋转以使滑动件26在方向4上沿着所述管状件24以直线移动。
参考图2，装置20还包括滑动件37，所述滑动件滑动地接合至凸缘27，以通过未示出的已知致动装置驱动而相对于滑动件26在方向38上以直线移动，所述方向的定向取决于管状件24围绕轴线25的角位置。
最后，滑动件37支撑包括电动机40的操作头39，所述电动机在方向38上延伸，并设置有输出轴41，至少一个工具42锁定(key)至所述输出轴以对所述工件(未示出)进行加工。
在实际使用中，操作头39在两个加工站与工具替换站之间在方向14上沿着底座21移动，在每个所述加工站内，操作头39面向工件固定器单元5以加工安装在相关工件固定器工作台7上的工件(未示出)，在所述工具替换站中，头39装配在底座21的在方向14上从框架2突出的部分中以替换工具42。
机器1能够对每个工件(未示出)执行两种加工工艺：
齿轮切割，以产生齿轮(未示出)的齿，所述齿轮切割通常包括第一粗加工阶段和第二精加工阶段；以及
磨削工艺，以对在先前的齿轮切割工艺过程中获得的齿进行磨削，所述磨削工艺通常也包括第一粗加工阶段和第二精加工阶段。
在这方面，应注意的是：
滑动件26(图3)和每个滑动件6连接至电子控制单元(未示出)，所述电子控制单元适于在对相关工件(未示出)执行齿轮切割工艺时选择性地使滑动件6移动且使滑动件26停止，并且还适于在对所述工件执行磨削工艺时使滑动件26移动且使滑动件6停止。
换言之，齿轮切割通过仅使工件固定器工作台7在方向4上移动且使操作头39在所述方向4上停止来执行，而磨削工艺通过仅使操作头39在方向4上移动且使工件固定器工作台7在所述方向4上停止来执行。
选择性地使用滑动件26和滑动件6防止在齿轮切割期间传输至操作头39的高应力等级破坏管状件24的导轨24a的适当定向和正确成形，从而允许机器1使用单个操作头30适当地对每个工件(未示出)执行齿轮切割工艺和磨削工艺。
根据未示出的可替代实施例，操作头39和/或滑动件6显然可安装在除上述这些之外的滑动件和旋转支撑单元的组合上。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于制造齿轮的机器(1)，所述机器包括：至少一个工件固定器工作台(7)，所述工件固定器工作台安装为围绕给定的其第一纵向轴线(8)旋转并支撑正在加工的工件；以及至少一个操作头(39)，所述操作头设置有用于加工所述工件的至少一个工具(42)并能在基本上横切于所述第一轴线(8)的第一方向(4)上移动；所述机器(1)的特征在于，所述工件固定器工作台(7)和所述操作头(39)被提供有在所述第一方向(4)上相对于彼此的相对运动，所述操作头(39)和所述工件固定器工作台(7)适于根据待在所述工件上进行的加工工艺沿着其相应的路径选择性地停止。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机器(1)，其特征在于，使所述操作头(39)停止以在所述工件中切割出齿，而使所述工件固定器工作台(7)停止以对所述工件进行磨削。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的机器，还包括操作单元(20)，所述操作单元又包括：细长的底座(21)，所述底座在基本上横切于所述第一方向(4)的第二方向(14)上延伸；第一滑动件(22)，所述第一滑动件安装在所述底座(21)上以在所述第二方向(14)上移动；第二滑动件(23)，安装在所述第一滑动件(22)上以在基本上正交于所述第一方向和第二方向(4、14)的第三方向(9)上移动；第一导向装置(24)，所述第一导向装置枢转地安装在所述第二滑动件(23)上以围绕其平行于所述第一方向(4)的第三纵向轴线(25)旋转；以及第三滑动件(26)，所述第三滑动件安装在所述第一导向装置(24)上以在所述第一方向(4)上移动；所述操作头(39)由所述第三滑动件(26)承载。
CN201080042367.XA 2009-07-23 2010-07-21 用于制造齿轮的机器 Expired - Fee Related CN102510787B (zh)

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ITBO2009A000479 2009-07-23
ITBO2009A000479A IT1395020B1 (it) 2009-07-23 2009-07-23 Macchina per la produzione di ingranaggi
PCT/IB2010/001764 WO2011010210A1 (en) 2009-07-23 2010-07-21 Machine for making gears

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CN102510787B CN102510787B (zh) 2014-12-10

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EP (1) EP2456588B1 (zh)
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BR (1) BR112012001504A2 (zh)
IN (1) IN2012DN01562A (zh)
IT (1) IT1395020B1 (zh)
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CN109128867A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2019-01-04 全椒县源峰锻造有限公司 一种用于齿轮毛坯加工的定位工具

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ITBO20090478A1 (it) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-24 Samp Spa Con Unico Socio Macchina operatrice per la produzione di ingranaggi
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KR20120067995A (ko) 2012-06-26
EP2456588A1 (en) 2012-05-30
IT1395020B1 (it) 2012-09-05
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CN102510787B (zh) 2014-12-10
IN2012DN01562A (zh) 2015-06-05

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