CN102503663A - Preparation method for microcapsule organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method for microcapsule organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102503663A CN102503663A CN2011103108137A CN201110310813A CN102503663A CN 102503663 A CN102503663 A CN 102503663A CN 2011103108137 A CN2011103108137 A CN 2011103108137A CN 201110310813 A CN201110310813 A CN 201110310813A CN 102503663 A CN102503663 A CN 102503663A
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- microcapsule
- aqueous solution
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- chemical fertilizer
- organic fertilizer
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- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- -1 polyoxyethylene oleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GCTFWCDSFPMHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Tributyltin chloride Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(CCCC)CCCC GCTFWCDSFPMHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YABTYYUIWFCMDW-SRTAMGJPSA-L bis(tributylstannyl) (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YABTYYUIWFCMDW-SRTAMGJPSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- PWBHRVGYSMBMIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributylstannanylium;acetate Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(C)=O PWBHRVGYSMBMIO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003090 pesticide formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种微胶囊有机化肥,特别是涉及一种微胶囊有机化肥的制备方法。The invention relates to a microcapsule organic fertilizer, in particular to a preparation method of the microcapsule organic fertilizer.
背景技术 Background technique
有机肥料是指含有有机物质,既能提供农作物多种无机养分和有机养分,又能培肥改良土壤的一类肥料。其中绝大部分为农家就地取材,自行积制的。施用有机肥料是数千年来中国传统农业发展的根本措施,尽管近一时期化肥用量不断增加,但在当今日益重视人类生存环境的情况下,有机肥料再度受到人们的关注。有机肥料依靠日变幅较小的土壤水热动态周期性变化,给微生物活动创造一个良好的环境,使它能够顺利通过腐殖化阶段,形成保水保肥力高的腐殖质,从而提高土壤的肥力及作物产量和品质。Organic fertilizer refers to a type of fertilizer that contains organic substances and can not only provide a variety of inorganic and organic nutrients for crops, but also fertilize and improve the soil. Most of them are collected by farmers on the spot and made by themselves. The application of organic fertilizers has been the fundamental measure for the development of traditional Chinese agriculture for thousands of years. Although the amount of chemical fertilizers has been increasing in recent times, organic fertilizers have once again attracted people's attention under the circumstances of today's increasing emphasis on human living environment. Organic fertilizers rely on the periodic changes in soil water and heat dynamics with small daily fluctuations to create a good environment for microbial activities, enabling them to pass through the humification stage smoothly and form humus with high water and fertility retention, thereby improving soil fertility and Crop yield and quality.
有机肥料是农业中养分的再循环和再利用部分,因此,随着化肥施用量的增加和作物收获物的增多,有机肥料的数量也有所增加。虽然近年来由于化肥投入的大量增加,有机肥料投入的养分所占的比例显著降低,但仍占总养分总投入量的36.7%,有机肥料除含有氮、磷、钾和有机碳养分外,还可提供相当数量的中量、微量元素和氨基酸、核酸、糖、维生素等有机营养成分。有机肥料由于来源广泛,所以种类很多,一般可分以下几类:一是粪尿肥,包括人粪尿、家畜粪尿、禽粪等。二是堆沤肥类,包括堆肥、沤肥、秸秆还田及沼气酵肥等,各种原料制成的堆肥都含有作物需要的氮、磷、钾和微量元素,有利于培肥土壤囝;秸秆占作物生物量的50%左右,是一类数量极其丰富、能直接利用的有机肥资源。三是饼肥类,包括大豆饼、花生饼、菜饼和茶籽饼等。四是泥炭类,又称草炭。含有较多的腐植酸,可用于制造腐植酸铵、硝基腐植酸铵、腐植酸钠等腐植酸肥料。五是泥土类,包括塘泥、湖泥、河泥、墙土、坑土等。六是城镇废弃物类,包括生活污水、工污水、屠宰场废弃物、垃圾和各种有机废弃物等。七是杂肥类,包括皮屑、蹄角、海肥、蚕粪。Organic fertilizers are part of the recycling and reuse of nutrients in agriculture, so the amount of organic fertilizers has increased as fertilizer applications have increased and crop harvests have increased. Although in recent years, due to the large increase in chemical fertilizer input, the proportion of nutrients input into organic fertilizers has decreased significantly, but it still accounts for 36.7% of the total nutrient input. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic carbon nutrients, organic fertilizers also contain It can provide a considerable amount of medium and trace elements and organic nutrients such as amino acids, nucleic acids, sugars, and vitamins. Due to the wide range of sources, there are many types of organic fertilizers, which can generally be divided into the following categories: First, manure fertilizers, including human excrement, livestock excrement, poultry manure, etc. The second is composting manure, including composting, retting manure, straw returning to the field and biogas fermentation fertilizer, etc. Compost made of various raw materials contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements needed by crops, which is conducive to fertilizing the soil; About 50% of crop biomass is a kind of organic fertilizer resource that is extremely abundant and can be directly used. The third is cake fertilizer, including soybean cake, peanut cake, vegetable cake and tea seed cake. The fourth is peat, also known as peat. Contains more humic acid, which can be used to make humic acid fertilizers such as ammonium humate, ammonium nitrohumate, and sodium humate. The fifth is soil, including pond mud, lake mud, river mud, wall soil, pit soil, etc. The sixth is urban waste, including domestic sewage, industrial sewage, slaughterhouse waste, garbage and various organic wastes. The seventh is miscellaneous fertilizers, including dander, hoof horns, sea manure, and silkworm dung.
微胶囊能保护物质免受环境影响,屏蔽味道、颜色、气味,改变物质重量、体积、状态或表面性能,隔离活性成分,降低挥发性和毒性,控制可持续释放等多种作用,自二十世纪三十年代至今,微胶囊已被广泛应用于医学、食品、农药、化妆品、金属切削、涂料、油墨、添加剂等多个领域。微胶囊的制备首先是将液体、固体或气体囊心物质(芯材)分细,然后以这些微滴(粒)为核心,使聚合物成膜材料(壁材)在其上沉积,涂层,形成一层薄膜,将囊心微滴(粒)包覆。这个过程称为微胶囊化。微胶囊化方法很多,但还没有一种规范的方法可以使用于所有微胶囊的生产,故有关微胶囊方面的文献虽然很多,但大多是描写某一个具体的微胶囊化过程或介绍微胶囊技术在某一领域的应用。Microcapsules can protect substances from environmental influences, shield taste, color, smell, change the weight, volume, state or surface properties of substances, isolate active ingredients, reduce volatility and toxicity, control sustainable release, etc. Since 20 Since the 1930s, microcapsules have been widely used in many fields such as medicine, food, pesticides, cosmetics, metal cutting, coatings, inks, and additives. The preparation of microcapsules is first to divide the liquid, solid or gas capsule core material (core material), and then use these droplets (particles) as the core to deposit polymer film-forming material (wall material) on it, coating , forming a layer of thin film, the capsule core droplet (granule) coating. This process is called microencapsulation. There are many methods of microencapsulation, but there is no standardized method that can be used in the production of all microcapsules. Therefore, although there are many literatures on microcapsules, most of them describe a specific microencapsulation process or introduce microencapsulation technology. application in a certain field.
微胶囊剂可谓是当前农药新剂型中技术含量最高的一种,虽然,它在农药制剂市场中占据的份额还很小,远排不上农药主要剂型的地位,但鉴于它拥有诸多极具魅力的优点和功能,已日益引起人们的广泛关注,特别是即将到来的人们对于安全、环境生态和可持续发展的意识不断增强,微胶囊剂的许多优点势必将成为农药制剂的重要发展方向。Microcapsules can be said to be one of the most technologically advanced new formulations of pesticides. Although its share in the pesticide formulations market is still very small, it is far from the status of the main formulations of pesticides. However, given its many attractive features The advantages and functions of microcapsules have increasingly attracted people's attention, especially the upcoming people's awareness of safety, environmental ecology and sustainable development. Many advantages of microcapsules are bound to become an important development direction of pesticide formulations.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明提供一种微胶囊有机化肥的制备方法,该微胶囊有机化肥肥效好,制备方法简单。In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing microcapsule organic fertilizer, which has good fertilizer efficiency and simple preparation method.
为实现上述目的,本发明的具体方案为:To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is:
一种微胶囊有机化肥的制备方法,该制备方法按重量份数计。The invention discloses a preparation method of microcapsule organic fertilizer, and the preparation method is calculated in parts by weight.
本发明首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将30~40份的粉煤灰与1~2份的抗菌剂放入真空烘箱中,在40~50℃下烘干燥3~5h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、30~40份的尿素、10~15份的磷酸一铵以及9~11份的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到10~50目的二级混合物;将偶联剂用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,偶联剂与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶20~30,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的偶联剂中,搅拌5~10min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在40~50℃下烘3~5h,即得到有机化肥母料。The present invention firstly prepares the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 30-40 parts of fly ash and 1-2 parts of antibacterial agent into a vacuum oven, dry at 40-50°C for 3-5 hours, and obtain the first-grade mixture; then put the dried primary mixture, 30-40 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 9-11 parts of potassium chloride into a ball mill to grind finely, and then sieve through a vibrating sieve to obtain 10-50 mesh secondary mixture; the coupling agent is diluted with ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 90%, the volume ratio of coupling agent to ethanol solution is 1:20-30, and then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted coupling In the fertilizer, stir for 5-10 minutes, place it in a ventilated place to dry naturally, then place it in an oven, and bake it at 40-50°C for 3-5 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加含钙离子的溶液和乳化剂,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and A solution containing calcium ions and an emulsifier are added to the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain microcapsules with smaller particle diameters. Capsules of organic fertilizers.
本发明中,所述微胶囊呈球形状。In the present invention, the microcapsules are spherical.
本发明中,所述抗菌剂为乙酸三丁基锡、三丁基氯化锡、富马酸三丁基锡、苯并咪唑-2-基氨基甲酸甲酯中的一种。In the present invention, the antibacterial agent is one of tributyltin acetate, tributyltin chloride, tributyltin fumarate, and methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate.
本发明中,所述偶联剂为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、辛基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种。In the present invention, the coupling agent is one of methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and octyltriethoxysilane.
本发明中,所述含钙离子的溶液为氯化钙水溶液、乳酸钙水溶液或硫酸钙水溶液中的一种。In the present invention, the solution containing calcium ions is one of calcium chloride aqueous solution, calcium lactate aqueous solution or calcium sulfate aqueous solution.
本发明中,所述乳化剂为油酸聚氧乙烯酯、硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯、松香酸聚氧乙烯酯中的一种。In the present invention, the emulsifier is one of polyoxyethylene oleate, polyoxyethylene stearate and polyoxyethylene rosin acid.
本发明的有益效果是:采用微胶囊有机化肥,肥料效果好,本发明工艺简单,方便快捷,极大提高了工作效率,所用设备为常用加工设备,可以实现工业化应用。The beneficial effects of the invention are: adopting the microcapsule organic fertilizer, the fertilizer effect is good, the process of the invention is simple, convenient and fast, and the work efficiency is greatly improved, and the equipment used is common processing equipment, which can realize industrial application.
具体实施方式: Detailed ways:
为了使本发明的技术手段、创作特征与达成目的易于明白理解,以下结合具体实施例进一步阐述本发明In order to make the technical means, creative features and objectives of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific examples
实施例1.Example 1.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将30KG的粉煤灰与1KG的乙酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在40℃下烘干燥3h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、30KG的尿素、10KG的磷酸一铵以及9KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到10目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶30,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在40℃下烘3h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 30KG of fly ash and 1KG of tributyltin acetate into a vacuum oven, dry at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then dry the primary mixture, The urea of 30KG, the monoammonium phosphate of 10KG and the potassium chloride of 9KG are put into the ball mill and grind finely, and then sieve through the vibrating sieve, obtain the secondary mixture of 10 mesh; Diluted with ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution is 1:30, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, stirred for 5min, placed in a ventilated place to dry naturally, and then placed in an oven , baked at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例2.Example 2.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将40KG的粉煤灰与2KG的乙酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在50℃下烘干燥5h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、40KG的尿素、15KG的磷酸一铵以及11KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到50目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶20,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌10min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在50℃下烘5h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 40KG of fly ash and 2KG of tributyltin acetate into a vacuum oven, dry at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then dry the primary mixture, The urea of 40KG, the monoammonium phosphate of 15KG and the potassium chloride of 11KG are put into the ball mill and ground finely, and then sieved by a vibrating sieve to obtain a secondary mixture of 50 meshes; the mass fraction of methyltrimethoxysilane is 90%. Diluted with ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution is 1:20, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, stirred for 10min, placed in a ventilated place to dry naturally, and then placed in an oven , baked at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例3.Example 3.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将35KG的粉煤灰与1.5KG的乙酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在45℃下烘干燥4h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、35KG的尿素、12.5KG的磷酸一铵以及10KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到30目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶25,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌7.5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在45℃下烘4h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 35KG of fly ash and 1.5KG of tributyltin acetate into a vacuum oven, dry at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then dry the primary mixture , 35KG of urea, 12.5KG of monoammonium phosphate and 10KG of potassium chloride were put into a ball mill to grind finely, and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 30-mesh secondary mixture; the mass fraction of methyltrimethoxysilane was 90 % ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution is 1:25, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, stirred for 7.5min, and placed in a ventilated place to dry naturally. Then place it in an oven and bake at 45° C. for 4 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例4.Example 4.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将30KG的粉煤灰与1KG的三丁基氯化锡放入真空烘箱中,在40℃下烘干燥3h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、30KG的尿素、10KG的磷酸一铵以及9KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到10目的二级混合物;将甲基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶20,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在40℃下烘3h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 30KG of fly ash and 1KG of tributyltin chloride into a vacuum oven, dry at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then put the dried one Grade mixture, 30KG of urea, 10KG of monoammonium phosphate and 9KG of potassium chloride were ground in a ball mill and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 10-mesh grade mixture; It is diluted with 90% ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltriethoxysilane and ethanol solution is 1:20, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 5min, and placed in a ventilated place Naturally air-dried, then placed in an oven, and baked at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加乳酸钙水溶液和硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium lactate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene stearate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例5.Example 5.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将40KG的粉煤灰与2KG的三丁基氯化锡放入真空烘箱中,在50℃下烘干燥5h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、40KG的尿素、15KG的磷酸一铵以及11KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到50目的二级混合物;将甲基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶30,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌10min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在50℃下烘5h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 40KG of fly ash and 2KG of tributyltin chloride into a vacuum oven, and dry them at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain a primary mixture; Grade mixture, 40KG of urea, 15KG of monoammonium phosphate and 11KG of potassium chloride were ground in a ball mill and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 50-mesh grade mixture; It is diluted with 90% ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltriethoxysilane and ethanol solution is 1:30, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 10min, and placed in a ventilated place Naturally air-dried, then placed in an oven, and baked at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加乳酸钙水溶液和硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium lactate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene stearate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例6.Example 6.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将35KG的粉煤灰与1.5KG的三丁基氯化锡放入真空烘箱中,在45℃下烘干燥4h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、35KG的尿素、12.5KG的磷酸一铵以及10KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到30目的二级混合物;将甲基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶25,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌12.5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在45℃下烘4h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 35KG of fly ash and 1.5KG of tributyltin chloride into a vacuum oven, dry at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then put the dried The primary mixture, 35KG of urea, 12.5KG of monoammonium phosphate and 10KG of potassium chloride were ground in a ball mill, and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 30-mesh secondary mixture; methyltriethoxysilane was used The mass fraction is 90% ethanol solution dilution, the volume ratio of methyltriethoxysilane and ethanol solution is 1:25, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted methyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 12.5min, Place it in a ventilated place to air dry naturally, then place it in an oven, and bake it at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加乳酸钙水溶液和硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium lactate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene stearate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例7.Example 7.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将30KG的粉煤灰与1KG的富马酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在40℃下烘干燥3h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、30KG的尿素、10KG的磷酸一铵以及9KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到10目的二级混合物;将辛基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,辛基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶20,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的辛基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在40℃下烘3h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 30KG of fly ash and 1KG of tributyltin fumarate into a vacuum oven, dry at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then put the dried primary The mixture, the urea of 30KG, the monoammonium phosphate of 10KG and the potassium chloride of 9KG are put into the ball mill and ground finely, and then sieved by a vibrating sieve to obtain a secondary mixture of 10 meshes; the mass fraction of octyltriethoxysilane is Diluted with 90% ethanol solution, the volume ratio of octyltriethoxysilane to ethanol solution is 1:20, then the secondary mixture is immersed in diluted octyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 5min, and placed in a ventilated place Air-dried, then placed in an oven, and baked at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加硫酸钙水溶液和松香酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium sulfate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene rosin acid are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters. Capsules, that is, microencapsulated organic fertilizers.
实施例8.Example 8.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将40KG的粉煤灰与2KG的富马酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在50℃下烘干燥5h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、40KG的尿素、15KG的磷酸一铵以及11KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到50目的二级混合物;将辛基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,辛基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶30,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的辛基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌10min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在50℃下烘5h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 40KG of fly ash and 2KG of tributyltin fumarate into a vacuum oven, dry at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain a primary mixture; then put the dried primary Mixture, the urea of 40KG, the monoammonium phosphate of 15KG and the potassium chloride of 11KG are put into the ball mill and grind finely, then pass through the vibrating sieve to sieve, obtain the secondary mixture of 50 mesh; Diluted with 90% ethanol solution, the volume ratio of octyltriethoxysilane to ethanol solution is 1:30, then the secondary mixture is immersed in diluted octyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 10min, and placed in a ventilated place Air-dried, placed in an oven, and baked at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain an organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加硫酸钙水溶液和松香酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium sulfate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene rosin acid are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters. Capsules, that is, microencapsulated organic fertilizers.
实施例9.Example 9.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将35KG的粉煤灰与1.5KG的富马酸三丁基锡放入真空烘箱中,在45℃下烘干燥4h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、35份的尿素、12.5份的磷酸一铵以及10KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到30目的二级混合物;将辛基三乙氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,辛基三乙氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶25,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的辛基三乙氧基硅烷中,搅拌11min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在45℃下烘4h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 35KG of fly ash and 1.5KG of tributyltin fumarate into a vacuum oven, dry at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain a primary mixture; Grade mixture, 35 parts of urea, 12.5 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 10KG of potassium chloride are ground in a ball mill, and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 30-purpose secondary mixture; octyltriethoxysilane is used The mass fraction is 90% ethanol solution dilution, the volume ratio of octyltriethoxysilane and ethanol solution is 1:25, then the secondary mixture is immersed in the diluted octyltriethoxysilane, stirred for 11min, and placed Naturally air-dry in a ventilated place, then place in an oven, and bake at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加硫酸钙水溶液和松香酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium sulfate aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene rosin acid are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters. Capsules, that is, microencapsulated organic fertilizers.
实施例10.Example 10.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将30KG的粉煤灰与1KG的苯并咪唑-2-基氨基甲酸甲酯放入真空烘箱中,在40℃下烘干燥3h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、30KG的尿素、10KG的磷酸一铵以及9KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到10目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶20,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌5min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在40℃下烘3h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 30KG of fly ash and 1KG of benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate methyl ester into a vacuum oven, and dry at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain a primary mixture; The dried primary mixture, 30KG of urea, 10KG of monoammonium phosphate and 9KG of potassium chloride were ground in a ball mill, and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 10-mesh secondary mixture; Silane was diluted with ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 90%, and the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution was 1:20, then the secondary mixture was immersed in the diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, stirred for 5min, and placed Naturally air-dry in a ventilated place, then place in an oven, and bake at 40°C for 3 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例11.Example 11.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将40KG的粉煤灰与2KG的苯并咪唑-2-基氨基甲酸甲酯放入真空烘箱中,在50℃下烘干燥5h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、40KG的尿素、15KG的磷酸一铵以及11KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到50目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶30,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌10min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在50℃下烘5h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 40KG of fly ash and 2KG of benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate methyl ester into a vacuum oven, and dry at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain a primary mixture; The dried primary mixture, 40KG of urea, 15KG of monoammonium phosphate and 11KG of potassium chloride were ground in a ball mill, and then sieved through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 50-mesh secondary mixture; Silane was diluted with ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 90%, and the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution was 1:30, then the secondary mixture was immersed in diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, stirred for 10min, and placed Naturally air-dry in a ventilated place, then place in an oven, and bake at 50°C for 5 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
实施例12.Example 12.
首先制备有机化肥母料,具体是:将35KG的粉煤灰与1.5KG的苯并咪唑-2-基氨基甲酸甲酯放入真空烘箱中,在45℃下烘干燥4h,得到一级混合物;再将干燥后的一级混合物、35KG的尿素、12KG份的磷酸一铵以及10KG的氯化钾放入球磨机中磨细,再通过震动筛过筛,得到30目的二级混合物;将甲基三甲氧基硅烷用质量分数为90%的乙醇溶液稀释,甲基三甲氧基硅烷与乙醇溶液的体积比为1∶25,然后二级混合物浸渍在稀释后的甲基三甲氧基硅烷中,搅拌13min,放置通风处自然风干,再放置烘箱中,在45℃下烘4h,即得到有机化肥母料。First prepare the organic fertilizer masterbatch, specifically: put 35KG of fly ash and 1.5KG of benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate methyl ester into a vacuum oven, and dry at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain a primary mixture; Put the dried primary mixture, 35KG of urea, 12KG of monoammonium phosphate and 10KG of potassium chloride into a ball mill to grind finely, and then sieve through a vibrating sieve to obtain a 30-mesh secondary mixture; Oxysilane was diluted with 90% ethanol solution, the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane to ethanol solution was 1:25, then the secondary mixture was immersed in the diluted methyltrimethoxysilane, and stirred for 13min , placed in a ventilated place to dry naturally, then placed in an oven, and baked at 45°C for 4 hours to obtain the organic fertilizer masterbatch.
其次制备微胶囊有机化肥,具体是:将有机化肥母料与褐藻酸钠水溶液混合,使由有机化肥母料形成的平均粒径在600nm以下的乳化粒子分散于褐藻酸钠水溶液中,再在褐藻酸钠水溶液中添加氯化钙水溶液和油酸聚氧乙烯酯,乳化粒子被瞬间内包,可获得粒径更小且呈球形状的微胶囊,获得乳化粒子被褐藻酸钙凝胶内包而得的微胶囊,即制得微胶囊有机化肥。Next, prepare microencapsulated organic fertilizers, specifically: mix the organic fertilizer masterbatch with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate, disperse emulsified particles with an average particle diameter below 600nm formed by the masterbatch of organic fertilizers in the aqueous solution of sodium alginate, and Calcium chloride aqueous solution and polyoxyethylene oleate are added to the aqueous sodium alginate solution, and the emulsified particles are instantly encapsulated to obtain spherical microcapsules with smaller particle diameters, and the emulsified particles are encapsulated by calcium alginate gel. Microcapsules, that is, microcapsule organic fertilizers.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention also has various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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CN103360167A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-enriched radish microcapsule foliar fertilizer |
CN106995329A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of fertilizer synergist and use its organic fertilizer |
CN108440123A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 徐晓琴 | A kind of capsule chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN108976008A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-11 | 乌鲁木齐凯德道诚信息咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of formula and its production method of agricultural organic chemical fertilizer |
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CN101514128A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-08-26 | 玉溪山水生物科技有限责任公司 | Micro-encapsulated broad spectrum pollution-free fertilizer with pesticide, preparation method and application thereof |
CN101693640A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-04-14 | 广东绿力生物科技有限公司 | Slow-release microcapsule fertilizer and manufacture method thereof |
CN101717301A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-06-02 | 北京理工大学 | Capsule type microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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EP0141374A2 (en) * | 1983-10-25 | 1985-05-15 | Plant Genetics, Inc. | Capsule production using biologically active substrates |
CN101514128A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-08-26 | 玉溪山水生物科技有限责任公司 | Micro-encapsulated broad spectrum pollution-free fertilizer with pesticide, preparation method and application thereof |
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CN103360167A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-enriched radish microcapsule foliar fertilizer |
CN106995329A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of fertilizer synergist and use its organic fertilizer |
CN108440123A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-24 | 徐晓琴 | A kind of capsule chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN108976008A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-11 | 乌鲁木齐凯德道诚信息咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of formula and its production method of agricultural organic chemical fertilizer |
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