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CN102496949A - Method and system capable of optimizing and controlling micro-network energy-storage system - Google Patents

Method and system capable of optimizing and controlling micro-network energy-storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102496949A
CN102496949A CN201110430413XA CN201110430413A CN102496949A CN 102496949 A CN102496949 A CN 102496949A CN 201110430413X A CN201110430413X A CN 201110430413XA CN 201110430413 A CN201110430413 A CN 201110430413A CN 102496949 A CN102496949 A CN 102496949A
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power generation
generation system
grid
battery
microgrid
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CN102496949B (en
Inventor
林昌年
赵荣峥
杨宇全
袁世强
徐志宏
王庆平
张鹏
张毅
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Beijing Kedong Electric Power Control System Co Ltd
Tianjin Electric Power Corp
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Beijing Kedong Electric Power Control System Co Ltd
Tianjin Electric Power Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于配电网调度及管理领域，提供了一种用于对微网储能系统进行优化控制的方法及系统，在充分考虑分布式电源及储能系统本身特点的基础上，通过对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统输出有功功率、蓄电池端电压、储能系统有功功率的实时数据监测，结合用户侧需求响应、平抑电网功率的要求及用电负荷的预测数据，对储能系统进行优化控制，满足了微网系统功率平衡的要求，减少了微网系统对外部电网的冲击，保证整个电网安全运行，满足微网系统平抑电网功率波动、需求侧响应的要求，同时极大地延长了微网孤岛运行的时间，提高了蓄电池组的使用寿命，提高微网系统运行的稳定性、兼容性和经济性，对储能系统在微网中的推广和应用有较好的实际意义。

Figure 201110430413

The invention belongs to the field of dispatching and management of distribution networks, and provides a method and system for optimally controlling a microgrid energy storage system. Real-time data monitoring of the output active power of the power generation system and wind power generation system, battery terminal voltage, and active power of the energy storage system, combined with user-side demand response, grid power stabilization requirements and power load forecast data, to optimize the control of the energy storage system , which meets the power balance requirements of the microgrid system, reduces the impact of the microgrid system on the external power grid, ensures the safe operation of the entire power grid, meets the requirements of the microgrid system to stabilize power fluctuations in the grid, and responds to the demand side, and greatly extends the microgrid. The operating time of the island improves the service life of the battery pack, improves the stability, compatibility and economy of the microgrid system operation, and has good practical significance for the promotion and application of the energy storage system in the microgrid.

Figure 201110430413

Description

A kind of method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control
Technical field
The invention belongs to power distribution network scheduling and management domain, relate in particular to a kind of method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control.
Background technology
Present microgrid energy-storage system is perfect inadequately in controlling schemes, and under the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, the deficiency of real time data monitoring, generated output and power load prediction makes and very easily causes the grid power fluctuation, electrical network is impacted; Under the islet operation pattern, voltage reference source when the batteries to store energy system is operation, control microgrid frequency and voltage keep constant; There is the reasonability problem in existing microgrid energy-storage system in controlling schemes, if generated output, can cause batteries to store energy system inverse probability greater than load power; Influence the stable operation of microgrid system; If generated output too less than load power, can cause the batteries discharging current to be far longer than optimum discharging current, thereby greatly shortened the time that piconet island moves; And the useful life that can reduce batteries, increase the maintenance investment of system.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control, be intended to solve microgrid energy-storage system that prior art provides under the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, very easily cause the grid power fluctuation, electrical network is impacted; Under the islet operation pattern; Also exist energy-storage system inverse probability, batteries discharging current to be far longer than problems such as optimum discharging current; Influence the microgrid system stable operation, shortened time of piconet island operation; And the useful life that can reduce batteries, increase the problem that system maintenance is invested.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control, this method may further comprise the steps:
Operational mode to microgrid system and external electrical network is judged;
When microgrid system and external electrical network when being incorporated into the power networks pattern, control mode is controlled energy-storage system according to being incorporated into the power networks;
When microgrid system and external electrical network are the islet operation pattern, energy-storage system is controlled according to the islet operation control mode.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control, this system comprises:
The operational mode judge module is used for the operational mode of microgrid system and external electrical network is judged;
The control module that is incorporated into the power networks, be used for when microgrid system and external electrical network when being incorporated into the power networks pattern, control mode is controlled energy-storage system according to being incorporated into the power networks;
The islet operation control module is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are the islet operation pattern, according to the islet operation control mode energy-storage system being controlled.
The method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control provided by the invention; On the basis that takes into full account distributed power source and the characteristics of energy-storage system own, through to the monitoring of the real time data of photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system active power of output and accumulator voltage, energy-storage system active power, in conjunction with the user side demand response, stabilize the requirement of grid power and the prediction data of power load; Energy-storage system is optimized control; Satisfied the requirement of microgrid system power balance, reduced of the impact of microgrid system, guaranteed whole electric power netting safe running external electrical network; Satisfy the microgrid system and stabilize the requirement of grid power fluctuation, Demand Side Response; Greatly prolong simultaneously the time of piconet island operation, in the useful life of having improved batteries, reduced the maintenance investment of microgrid system; Improved its stability, compatibility and economy, the promotion and application in microgrid have practical significance preferably to energy-storage system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the realization flow figure that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized the method for control that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 2 shows the realization flow figure of the control mode that is incorporated into the power networks that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 shows the realization flow figure of the islet operation control mode that the embodiment of the invention provides;
The flow chart of the implementation method that the energy-storage battery that Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of the invention to be provided charges;
Fig. 5 shows the structured flowchart that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized the system of control that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in the qualification invention.
Fig. 1 shows the realization flow that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized the method for control that the embodiment of the invention provides.
This method may further comprise the steps:
In step S101, the operational mode of microgrid system and external electrical network is judged;
In step S102, when microgrid system and external electrical network when being incorporated into the power networks pattern, control mode is controlled energy-storage system according to being incorporated into the power networks;
In step S103, when microgrid system and external electrical network are the islet operation pattern, energy-storage system is controlled according to the islet operation control mode.
As shown in Figure 2, in embodiments of the present invention, the control mode that is incorporated into the power networks may further comprise the steps:
Set exchange power lower limit M1 and exchange power upper limit and M2 that microgrid system and external electrical network allow, and exchange power lower limit M1＜exchange power upper limit M2;
The exchange power M3 of monitoring in real time and acquisition microgrid system and external electrical network and external electrical network are to the transmitted power M4 of microgrid system;
When exchange power M3 is between exchange power lower limit M1 and exchange power upper limit M2, energy-storage system is not carried out any adjusting;
When exchange power M3 not between between exchange power lower limit M1 and the exchange power upper limit M2 and external electrical network during to the transmitted power M4 of microgrid system≤0, judge whether storage battery is full of;
When storage battery is full of electricity, be that target is charged then according to load and generating predicted power excision photovoltaic generating system and wind generator system, and with the zero energy;
When storage battery underfill electricity, then be that target is charged with the zero energy;
When exchange power M3 not between between exchange power lower limit M1 and the exchange power upper limit M2 and external electrical network during to the transmitted power M4 of microgrid system＞0, judge whether storage battery has reached the discharge limit;
Prescribe a time limit when storage battery has reached discharge electrode, then storage battery gets into holding state, and allows photovoltaic generating system and wind generator system generating according to intensity of illumination and wind speed;
When storage battery does not reach discharge electrode in limited time, then be that target is discharged with the zero energy.
As shown in Figure 3, in embodiments of the present invention, the islet operation control mode may further comprise the steps:
When the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, storage battery and load operation situation are coordinated accordingly, controlled;
When the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, the working condition of photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, storage battery and load is coordinated accordingly, controlled.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination of storage battery, control may further comprise the steps:
According to real-time Monitoring Data, obtain the power sagging curve of storage battery to storage battery;
Set the voltage atdischarge end and the maximum discharge current of storage battery, monitor the actual terminal voltage of storage battery in real time;
When the actual terminal voltage that monitors storage battery during, then the power output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system is monitored, controlled less than the voltage atdischarge end set;
When the actual terminal voltage that monitors storage battery during, according to the actual discharge electric current of the power sagging curve calculating accumulator of storage battery greater than the voltage atdischarge end set;
When the actual discharge electric current of storage battery during, then continue the frequency of microgrid system is monitored less than maximum discharge current;
When actual discharge electric current during greater than maximum discharge current, then control storage battery and discharge with maximum discharge current, simultaneously the power output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system is monitored, controlled.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination of wind generator system, control may further comprise the steps:
Set the peak power output of wind generator system, monitor the real output of wind generator system in real time;
When the real output of wind generator system equals peak power output, then the power output of photovoltaic generating system is monitored, controlled;
When the real output of wind generator system during, then increase the real output of wind generator system less than peak power output;
When the power output of storage battery and wind generator system satisfies requiring of total load, then continue the frequency of microgrid system is monitored;
When the power output of storage battery and wind generator system can not satisfy requiring of total load, then the power output of photovoltaic generating system is monitored, controlled.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination of photovoltaic generating system, control may further comprise the steps:
Set the peak power output of photovoltaic generating system, monitor the real output of photovoltaic generating system in real time;
When the real output of photovoltaic generating system equaled peak power output, then excision is corresponding loaded;
When the real output of photovoltaic generating system during, then increase the real output of photovoltaic generating system less than peak power output;
When the power output of storage battery, wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system satisfies requiring of total load, then continue the frequency of microgrid system is monitored;
When the power output of storage battery, wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system can not satisfy requiring of total load, then excision is corresponding loaded.
As shown in Figure 4, in embodiments of the present invention, the implementation method that energy-storage battery is charged is:
In step S401, charge parameter voltage U 1, voltage U 2, voltage U 3, electric current I, time T are set, and voltage U 1＜voltage U 2, voltage U 2＜voltage U 3;
In step S402, according to running situation to charge parameter voltage U 1, voltage U 2, voltage U 3, electric current I, time T is dynamically controlled and revise, two-way inverter is selected with reference to the charge parameter that is provided with and according to the current state-of-charge of storage battery automatically;
In step S403, when storage battery need not cause voltage to be lower than voltage U 1 for a long time, get into the preliminary filling stage, according to little electric current constant current charge;
In step S404, when battery tension is higher than voltage U 2 and is lower than voltage U 3, get into and fill the stage soon, carry out big electric current constant current pressure limiting charging according to 0.1C;
In step S405, when battery tension is higher than voltage U 3, gets into and all fill the stage, charge according to the constant voltage and current limiting mode;
In step S406, all filling the stage, when charging current is lower than electric current I, get into the floating charge stage, carry out constant current pressure limiting charging according to little electric current;
In step S407, when the floating charge process reached setting-up time T, storage battery was full of, and changed holding state over to.
Fig. 5 shows the structure that is used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized the system of control that the embodiment of the invention provides.For the ease of explanation, only show the part relevant with the present invention.
This system comprises:
Operational mode judge module 51 is used for the operational mode of microgrid system and external electrical network is judged;
The control module 52 that is incorporated into the power networks, be used for when microgrid system and external electrical network when being incorporated into the power networks pattern, control mode is controlled energy-storage system according to being incorporated into the power networks;
Islet operation control module 53 is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are the islet operation pattern, according to the islet operation control mode energy-storage system being controlled.
In embodiments of the present invention, the control module 52 that is incorporated into the power networks further comprises:
The photovoltaic generating system regulation and control unit 521 that is incorporated into the power networks is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are incorporated into the power networks, the working condition of photovoltaic generating system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
The wind generator system regulation and control unit 522 that is incorporated into the power networks is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are incorporated into the power networks, the working condition of wind generator system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
Storage battery grid-connected regulation and control unit 523 is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are incorporated into the power networks, the working condition of storage battery being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
The load regulation and control unit 524 that is incorporated into the power networks is used for when microgrid system and external electrical network are incorporated into the power networks, load being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
Islet operation control module 53 further comprises:
The first islet operation control module 531 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, and photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, storage battery and load operation situation are coordinated accordingly, controlled;
The second islet operation control module 532 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, the working condition of photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system, storage battery and load being coordinated accordingly, being controlled.
In embodiments of the present invention, the first islet operation control module 531 further comprises:
First photovoltaic generating system isolated island regulation and control unit 5311 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the working condition of photovoltaic generating system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
First wind generator system isolated island regulation and control unit 5312 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the working condition of wind generator system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
First storage battery isolated island regulation and control unit 5313 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, the working condition of storage battery being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
The first load isolated island regulation and control unit 5314 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is lower than 49.9HZ, load being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
The second islet operation control module 532 further comprises:
Second photovoltaic generating system isolated island regulation and control unit 5321 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, the working condition of photovoltaic generating system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
Second wind generator system isolated island regulation and control unit 5322 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, the working condition of wind generator system being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
Second storage battery isolated island regulation and control unit 5323 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, the working condition of storage battery being coordinated accordingly, being controlled;
The second load isolated island regulation and control unit 5324 is used for when the frequency that monitors the microgrid system is higher than 50.1HZ, load being coordinated accordingly, being controlled.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment application principle of the present invention is further described.
The method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control that the embodiment of the invention provides; Overcome the present deficiency of microgrid energy-storage system on reasonability, stability; Characteristics in view of distributed power source and energy-storage system itself; The present invention is through the monitoring to real time datas such as photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system active power of output and accumulator voltage, energy-storage system active power; In conjunction with the user side demand response, stabilize the requirement of grid power and the prediction data of power load, energy-storage system is optimized control, to satisfy the requirement of microgrid system power balance.
When microgrid is incorporated into the power networks; Energy-storage system controlling schemes flow chart is as shown in Figure 1, and (annotate: M1 and M2 are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of electrical network and microgrid permission exchange power; Exchange power does not carry out any adjusting to system between this); When the output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating generating gross power is big, energy-storage battery is charged; In the output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating gross power hour, energy-storage battery is to system discharge; Power curve choose reasonable according to according to energy-storage battery capacity and prediction wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating discharges and recharges the interval; It is stable to keep gross output as far as possible for a long time; Reduce the frequency that discharges and recharges of energy-storage battery as far as possible; Be that discharging and recharging of energy-storage battery adjust frequency can not be too big, otherwise can influence the useful life of battery.
During the piconet island operation, energy-storage system controlling schemes flow chart is as shown in Figure 2.
Energy-storage system is incorporated into the power networks and discharges and recharges control algolithm
Under the charged state that is incorporated into the power networks, storage battery is charged through the ac bus absorption is meritorious; And can dynamic reactive be provided according to the electrical network needs.The charging control of being incorporated into the power networks is divided into preliminary filling, fills soon, all fills and the floating charge four-stage, and two-way inverter is provided with according to the current state-of-charge of battery with reference to charge parameter and selects automatically, and charge parameter is dynamically controlled and revised according to running situation.Automatically differentiating concrete parameter is provided with as follows:
Storage battery need not cause brownout (being lower than voltage U 1) for a long time, will at first get into " preliminary filling " stage, according to little electric current constant current charge;
Battery tension is higher than voltage U 2 and is lower than voltage U 3, gets into " filling soon " stage automatically, carries out big electric current constant current pressure limiting charging according to 0.1C;
Battery tension is higher than voltage U 3, gets into " all filling " stage automatically, charges according to the constant voltage and current limiting mode;
In " all filling " stage, when charging current is lower than certain little current ration, get into " floating charge stage " automatically, carry out constant current pressure limiting charging according to little electric current.
When the floating charge process reached setting-up time, battery was full of, and changed holding state automatically over to.
The charging Control Parameter dynamically arranges according to system operation situation, realizes the conversion of charge mode automatically, and control energy storage inverter is realized the optimal control that discharges and recharges of energy storage device.
The discharge of being incorporated into the power networks is controlled: being incorporated into the power networks discharge control is according to the electrical network needs, and dynamically the power and the power factor optimization aim of control are sent to external ac bus with the storage battery energy inversion.
The energy-storage system islet operation discharges and recharges control algolithm
Microgrid system and electrical network break off, and are that load provides electric energy by energy-storage system.The normal mode of operation of islet operation pattern is independent inverter mode; It is meant that ac bus and electrical network that two-way inverter is external break off; Its AC power as constant voltage/constant frequency inserts ac bus outward; According to the state-of-charge of need of load and storage battery, independently be the state of the electric that inserts on the ac bus according to the instruction of master control.
The control of energy-storage system optimized dispatching
(1) stabilizes power fluctuation
At first according to the generating prediction data, calculate the power curve of output, the day of formulating energy-storage system on this basis discharges and recharges strategy.The microgrid system follows following principle and reaches and stabilize the power fluctuation purpose:
When the output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating generating gross power is big, energy-storage battery is charged; In the output of wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating gross power hour, energy-storage battery is to system discharge.
Power curve choose reasonable according to energy-storage battery capacity and prediction wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating discharges and recharges the interval, and it is stable to keep gross output as far as possible for a long time, reduces the frequency that discharges and recharges of energy-storage battery as far as possible.Be that discharging and recharging of energy-storage battery adjust frequency can not be too big, otherwise can influence the useful life of battery.
Gross power output pulsation in wind generator system and photovoltaic generating system generating is not very big, and the energy-storage battery capacity has under the situation of certain surplus, can be with part capacity participation system load peak load shifting.
The microgrid system can be according to microgrid energy-storage system optimization control scheme; Minimizing is to the impact of external electrical network; Guarantee whole electric power netting safe running; Satisfy the microgrid system and stabilize the requirement of grid power fluctuation, Demand Side Response, improved its stability, compatibility and economy, the promotion and application in microgrid have practical significance preferably to energy-storage system.
The method and system that are used for the microgrid energy-storage system is optimized control that the embodiment of the invention provides; On the basis that takes into full account distributed power source and the characteristics of energy-storage system own, through to the monitoring of the real time data of photovoltaic generating system, wind generator system active power of output and accumulator voltage, energy-storage system active power, in conjunction with the user side demand response, stabilize the requirement of grid power and the prediction data of power load; Energy-storage system is optimized control; Satisfied the requirement of microgrid system power balance, reduced of the impact of microgrid system, guaranteed whole electric power netting safe running external electrical network; Satisfy the microgrid system and stabilize the requirement of grid power fluctuation, Demand Side Response; Greatly prolong simultaneously the time of piconet island operation, in the useful life of having improved batteries, reduced the maintenance investment of microgrid system; Improved its stability, compatibility and economy, the promotion and application in microgrid have practical significance preferably to energy-storage system.
More than be merely preferred embodiment of the present invention,, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention not in order to restriction the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种用于对微网储能系统进行优化控制的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：1. A method for optimal control of a microgrid energy storage system, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 对微网系统与外部电网的运行模式进行判断；Judging the operation mode of the microgrid system and the external power grid; 当微网系统与外部电网为并网运行模式时，按照并网运行控制方式对储能系统进行控制；When the microgrid system and the external power grid are in the grid-connected operation mode, the energy storage system is controlled according to the grid-connected operation control mode; 当微网系统与外部电网为孤岛运行模式时，按照孤岛运行控制方式对储能系统进行控制。When the microgrid system and the external power grid are in the island operation mode, the energy storage system is controlled according to the island operation control mode. 2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中的并网运行控制方式包括以下步骤：2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grid-connected operation control mode in the method comprises the following steps: 设定微网系统与外部电网允许的交换功率下限M1及交换功率上限M2；Set the lower limit of exchange power M1 and the upper limit of exchange power M2 allowed between the microgrid system and the external grid; 实时监测并获得微网系统与外部电网的交换功率M3及外部电网向微网系统的传递功率M4；Real-time monitoring and acquisition of the exchange power M3 between the microgrid system and the external grid and the transfer power M4 from the external grid to the microgrid system; 当交换功率M3介于交换功率下限M1及交换功率上限M2之间时，不对储能系统进行任何调节；When the exchange power M3 is between the exchange power lower limit M1 and the exchange power upper limit M2, no adjustment is made to the energy storage system; 当交换功率M3不介于交换功率下限M1及交换功率上限M2之间并且外部电网向微网系统的传递功率M4≤0时，判断蓄电池是否已经充满电；When the exchange power M3 is not between the exchange power lower limit M1 and the exchange power upper limit M2 and the transfer power M4 from the external grid to the microgrid system is ≤ 0, it is judged whether the battery is fully charged; 当蓄电池已经充满电时，则按照负荷和发电预测功率切除光伏发电系统和风力发电系统，并且以零功率为目标进行充电；When the battery is fully charged, cut off the photovoltaic power generation system and wind power generation system according to the load and power generation forecast, and charge with zero power as the goal; 当蓄电池未充满电时，则以零功率为目标进行充电；When the battery is not fully charged, charge with zero power as the goal; 当交换功率M3不介于交换功率下限M1及交换功率上限M2之间并且外部电网向微网系统的传递功率M4＞0时，判断蓄电池是否已经达到放电极限；When the exchange power M3 is not between the exchange power lower limit M1 and the exchange power upper limit M2 and the transfer power M4 from the external grid to the microgrid system>0, it is judged whether the battery has reached the discharge limit; 当蓄电池已经达到放电极限时，则蓄电池进入待机状态，并且按照光照强度和风速允许光伏发电系统和风力发电系统发电；When the battery has reached the discharge limit, the battery enters the standby state, and the photovoltaic power generation system and the wind power generation system are allowed to generate electricity according to the light intensity and wind speed; 当蓄电池未达到放电极限时，则以零功率为目标进行放电。When the storage battery has not reached the discharge limit, it will discharge with zero power as the target. 3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中的孤岛运行控制方式包括以下步骤：3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the islanding operation control mode in the method comprises the following steps: 当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统、蓄电池及负荷工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；When the frequency of the micro-grid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ, coordinate and control the working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system, wind power system, battery and load; 当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统、蓄电池及负荷的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制。When the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ, coordinate and control the working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system, wind power generation system, storage battery and loads accordingly. 4.如权利要求1或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中，当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对蓄电池的协调、控制包括以下步骤：4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, in the method, when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination and control of the storage battery includes the following steps: 根据对蓄电池的实时监测数据，获得蓄电池的功率下垂曲线；According to the real-time monitoring data of the battery, the power droop curve of the battery is obtained; 设定蓄电池的放电端电压及最大放电电流，实时监测蓄电池的实际端电压；Set the discharge terminal voltage and maximum discharge current of the battery, and monitor the actual terminal voltage of the battery in real time; 当监测到蓄电池的实际端电压小于设定的放电端电压时，则对风力发电系统及光伏发电系统的输出功率进行监测、控制；When the actual terminal voltage of the battery is monitored to be lower than the set discharge terminal voltage, the output power of the wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system is monitored and controlled; 当监测到蓄电池的实际端电压大于设定的放电端电压时，按照蓄电池的功率下垂曲线计算蓄电池的实际放电电流；When it is detected that the actual terminal voltage of the battery is greater than the set discharge terminal voltage, the actual discharge current of the battery is calculated according to the power droop curve of the battery; 当蓄电池的实际放电电流小于最大放电电流时，则继续对微网系统的频率进行监测；When the actual discharge current of the battery is less than the maximum discharge current, continue to monitor the frequency of the microgrid system; 当实际放电电流大于最大放电电流时，则控制蓄电池以最大放电电流进行放电，同时对风力发电系统及光伏发电系统的输出功率进行监测、控制。When the actual discharge current is greater than the maximum discharge current, the storage battery is controlled to discharge at the maximum discharge current, and at the same time, the output power of the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system is monitored and controlled. 5.如权利要求1或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中，当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对风力发电系统的协调、控制包括以下步骤：5. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein, in the method, when the frequency of the micro-grid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination and control of the wind power generation system comprises the following steps: 设定风力发电系统的最大输出功率，实时监测风力发电系统的实际输出功率；Set the maximum output power of the wind power generation system and monitor the actual output power of the wind power generation system in real time; 当风力发电系统的实际输出功率等于最大输出功率时，则对光伏发电系统的输出功率进行监测、控制；When the actual output power of the wind power generation system is equal to the maximum output power, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is monitored and controlled; 当风力发电系统的实际输出功率小于最大输出功率时，则增加风力发电系统的实际输出功率；When the actual output power of the wind power generation system is less than the maximum output power, then increase the actual output power of the wind power generation system; 当蓄电池及风力发电系统的输出功率满足总负荷的要求时，则继续对微网系统的频率进行监测；When the output power of the battery and wind power generation system meets the requirements of the total load, continue to monitor the frequency of the microgrid system; 当蓄电池及风力发电系统的输出功率不能满足总负荷的要求时，则对光伏发电系统的输出功率进行监测、控制。When the output power of the storage battery and the wind power generation system cannot meet the requirements of the total load, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is monitored and controlled. 6.如权利要求1或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中，当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对光伏发电系统的协调、控制包括以下步骤：6. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein in the method, when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ, the coordination and control of the photovoltaic power generation system includes the following steps: 设定光伏发电系统的最大输出功率，实时监测光伏发电系统的实际输出功率；Set the maximum output power of the photovoltaic power generation system and monitor the actual output power of the photovoltaic power generation system in real time; 当光伏发电系统的实际输出功率等于最大输出功率时，则切除相应的负荷；When the actual output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is equal to the maximum output power, the corresponding load is cut off; 当光伏发电系统的实际输出功率小于最大输出功率时，则增加光伏发电系统的实际输出功率；When the actual output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is less than the maximum output power, increase the actual output power of the photovoltaic power generation system; 当蓄电池、风力发电系统及光伏发电系统的输出功率满足总负荷的要求时，则继续对微网系统的频率进行监测；When the output power of the battery, wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system meets the requirements of the total load, continue to monitor the frequency of the microgrid system; 当蓄电池、风力发电系统及光伏发电系统的输出功率不能满足总负荷的要求时，则切除相应的负荷。When the output power of the battery, wind power generation system and photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the requirements of the total load, the corresponding load will be cut off. 7.如权利要求1或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法中，对储能电池进行充电的实现方法为：7. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, in the method, the implementation method of charging the energy storage battery is: 设置充电参数电压U1、电压U2、电压U3、电流I、时间T，且电压U1＜电压U2＜电压U3；Set charging parameters voltage U1, voltage U2, voltage U3, current I, time T, and voltage U1<voltage U2<voltage U3; 根据系统运行情况对充电参数电压U1、电压U2、电压U3、电流I、时间T进行动态控制和修改，双向逆变器参照设置的充电参数并根据蓄电池当前荷电状态自动选择；Dynamically control and modify the charging parameters voltage U1, voltage U2, voltage U3, current I, and time T according to the operating conditions of the system. The bidirectional inverter refers to the set charging parameters and automatically selects them according to the current state of charge of the battery; 蓄电池长期不用导致电压低于电压U1时，进入预充阶段，按照小电流恒流充电；When the battery is not used for a long time and the voltage is lower than the voltage U1, it will enter the pre-charging stage and charge according to the small current and constant current; 蓄电池电压高于电压U2且低于电压U3时，进入快充阶段，按照0.1C进行大电流恒流限压充电；When the battery voltage is higher than the voltage U2 and lower than the voltage U3, it enters the fast charging stage, and performs high-current, constant-current and voltage-limited charging according to 0.1C; 蓄电池电压高于电压U3时，进入均充阶段，按照恒压限流方式进行充电；When the battery voltage is higher than the voltage U3, it enters the equalization charging stage and charges according to the constant voltage and current limiting method; 在均充阶段，当充电电流低于电流I时，进入浮充阶段，按照小电流进行恒流限压充电；In the equalizing charging stage, when the charging current is lower than the current I, it enters the floating charging stage, and carries out constant current and voltage limiting charging according to a small current; 当浮充过程达到设定时间T时，蓄电池充满，转入待机状态。When the floating charge process reaches the set time T, the battery is fully charged and enters the standby state. 8.一种用于对微网储能系统进行优化控制的系统，其特征在于，该系统包括：8. A system for optimally controlling a microgrid energy storage system, characterized in that the system includes: 运行模式判断模块，用于对微网系统与外部电网的运行模式进行判断；The operation mode judgment module is used to judge the operation mode of the microgrid system and the external power grid; 并网运行控制模块，用于当微网系统与外部电网为并网运行模式时，按照并网运行控制方式对储能系统进行控制；The grid-connected operation control module is used to control the energy storage system according to the grid-connected operation control mode when the microgrid system and the external power grid are in the grid-connected operation mode; 孤岛运行控制模块，用于当微网系统与外部电网为孤岛运行模式时，按照孤岛运行控制方式对储能系统进行控制。The island operation control module is used to control the energy storage system according to the island operation control mode when the microgrid system and the external power grid are in the island operation mode. 9.如权利要求8所述的系统，其特征在于，所述并网运行控制模块进一步包括：9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the grid-connected operation control module further comprises: 光伏发电系统并网调控单元，用于当微网系统与外部电网并网运行时，对光伏发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The photovoltaic power generation system grid-connected control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the photovoltaic power generation system when the micro-grid system and the external power grid are connected to the grid; 风力发电系统并网调控单元，用于当微网系统与外部电网并网运行时，对风力发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The grid-connected control unit of the wind power generation system is used to coordinate and control the working status of the wind power generation system when the micro-grid system and the external power grid are connected to the grid; 蓄电池并网调控单元，用于当微网系统与外部电网并网运行时，对蓄电池的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The battery grid-connected control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the battery when the micro-grid system is connected to the external grid; 负荷并网调控单元，用于当微网系统与外部电网并网运行时，对负荷进行相应的协调、控制；The load grid-connected control unit is used to coordinate and control the load when the micro-grid system and the external grid are connected to the grid; 所述孤岛运行控制模块进一步包括：The island operation control module further includes: 第一孤岛运行控制模块，用于当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统、蓄电池及负荷工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The first island operation control module is used to coordinate and control the working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system, wind power generation system, battery and load when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ; 第二孤岛运行控制模块，用于当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对光伏发电系统、风力发电系统、蓄电池及负荷的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制。The second island operation control module is used to coordinate and control the working conditions of the photovoltaic power generation system, wind power generation system, battery and load when the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ. 10.如权利要求8或9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一孤岛运行控制模块进一步包括：10. The system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the first islanding operation control module further comprises: 第一光伏发电系统孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对光伏发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The first photovoltaic power generation system island control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the photovoltaic power generation system when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ; 第一风力发电系统孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对风力发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The first island control unit of the wind power generation system is used to coordinate and control the working status of the wind power generation system when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ; 第一蓄电池孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对蓄电池的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The first battery island control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the battery when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ; 第一负荷孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率低于49.9HZ时，对负荷进行相应的协调、控制；The first load island control unit is used to coordinate and control the load when the frequency of the microgrid system is monitored to be lower than 49.9HZ; 所述第二孤岛运行控制模块进一步包括：The second island operation control module further includes: 第二光伏发电系统孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对光伏发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The second photovoltaic power generation system island control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the photovoltaic power generation system when the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ; 第二风力发电系统孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对风力发电系统的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The second island control unit of the wind power generation system is used to coordinate and control the working status of the wind power generation system when the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ; 第二蓄电池孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对蓄电池的工作状况进行相应的协调、控制；The second battery island control unit is used to coordinate and control the working status of the battery when the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ; 第二负荷孤岛调控单元，用于当监测到微网系统的频率高于50.1HZ时，对负荷进行相应的协调、控制。The second load island control unit is used to coordinate and control the load when the frequency of the microgrid system is detected to be higher than 50.1HZ.
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