CN102494878A

CN102494878A - Automatic torsion load frequency spectrum loading system and loading method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102494878A
Application number: CN2011103624357A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏新华; 徐来齐
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2011-11-16
Filing date: 2011-11-16
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-16
Also published as: CN102494878B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic frequency spectrum loading system for torque load, which uses a DC motor to load, a torque sensor to test the load, and an industrial computer to control the loading process; the DC motor is electrically connected to a constant current and constant voltage module, and the voltage control signal input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage module is connected to the manual / The output terminal of the automatic transfer switch is electrically connected. Two input terminals of the transfer switch, one is electrically connected with the output signal of the potentiometer voltage regulating circuit, and the other is electrically connected with the output signal of the D/A card; the output of the torque sensor is electrically connected with the analog signal input terminal of the A/D card; D Both the /A card and the A/D card are set in the industrial computer, and both have an isolation function; the industrial computer is pre-installed with automatic spectrum loading process control application software, and the software has a built-in "control amount-load" relationship model And the actual load PID digital regulator; it can realize the automatic spectrum loading of the predetermined load spectrum signal, and can realize the free switching of manual/automatic working mode.

Description

Automatic frequency spectrum loading system of a kind of torque load and loading method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the mechanical test technical field, relate to the automatic frequency spectrum loading system and the loading method thereof of torque load, in particular for the automatic frequency spectrum loading system of torque load and the loading method thereof of vehicle and agricultural machinery component capabilities engine bench test device.

Background technology

Because actual pavement test or field test receive the influence of factors such as seasonal variations, test site bigger; Need lot of manpower and material resources during test; And the test period is longer, so the performance test of vehicle and agricultural machinery parts test is generally all carried out through indoor bench test.But vehicle and agricultural machinery parts real road go or the farm work process in; Its operating load is dynamic change, only carries out static load research through indoor bench test and can not deeply disclose vehicle and agricultural machinery parts response characteristic and the real work performance thereof to dynamic load.Therefore, when indoor bench test, the simulation real road goes or the farm work operating mode, and is to being loaded representativeness and the accuracy that dynamic load can significantly improve indoor bench test by the examination parts, significant.But the vehicle real road goes or the dynamic load during the agricultural machinery farm work mostly is continuous random load, has very wide frequency band range, if on indoor stand, carry out simulation loading, requires very high to the dynamic perfromance of charger.

Existing vehicle and the indoor stand of agricultural machinery component characteristic test mostly adopt Dyn. or magnetic powder brake to load.Chinese patent number is 200620130446.7, name is called " Farm Tractor driving System Load Run-in Stand "; The employing Dyn. loads; Use the torsion torque sensor to detect actual loaded load, utilize long-range industrial computer to load moment of torsion through the adjustment of programmed control Dyn..Chinese patent number is 200410019970.2, name is called " automobile gearbox loads and detects testing table "; The employing direct current generator loads; Use digital quadrant DC arrangements for speed regulation adjusting dc motor speed and obtain different load-torques, adopt industrial control computer system and measure and control instrument to realize the automatic control of testing process.Chinese patent numbers 89201057.6, name are called " vehicle towed test system controlled by computer hauled load bringing device "; The employing magnetic powder brake loads; Form the load closed-loop control system by microcomputer, controller, strain chip pulling force sensor and constant force device, passing ratio control realizes the stable control of load.Above system designs to the needs that load steady load, though can change load through manual shift or programmed control, can't realize the loading by the predetermined fast-changing dynamic load of rule (being loading spectrum).

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to the deficiency of above-mentioned existing automatic loading device or system and automatic frequency spectrum loading system of a kind of torque load and loading method thereof are provided; Frequency band range is wide, the Load Control precision high; The automatic frequency spectrum that can realize the predetermined load spectrum signal loads, and can realize that hand/working method freely switches automatically.

The automatic frequency spectrum loading system of torque load of the present invention adopts following technical scheme: comprise direct current loading motor, torque sensor and industrial control computer; The direct current loading motor is arranged on the testboard bay; One end of torque sensor and the output shaft mechanical connection of direct current loading motor; Parts to be tested on the other end and the testboard bay or speed change gear output shaft mechanical connection; The computer application software of the built-in D/A card of industrial control computer, A/D card and automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure control; The D/A card is built-in with the analog quantity spacing output circuit, and the A/D card is built-in with analog quantity and isolates input circuit, and the computer application software of frequency spectrum loading procedure control is built-in with " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model and real load pid number regulator automatically; The output terminal of torque sensor is electrically connected the A/D card; The field copper of direct current loading motor is electrically connected with the lead-out terminal of constant current constant voltage module; The constant current constant voltage module is electrically connected external electrical network and hand/automatic change over output terminal respectively, and hand/automatic change over has the input end of two mutual exclusions, when it gets to " manually " position; First input end is electrically connected the potentiometer regulating circuit; When it got to " automatically " position, second input end was electrically connected the D/A card, and two input ends of potentiometer regulating circuit are electrically connected direct current regulation circuit.

The technical scheme that the loading method of the automatic frequency spectrum loading system of torque load of the present invention adopts is to comprise the steps:

A, with the loading spectrum signal with the stored in form of loading spectrum file in industrial control computer and read the loading spectrum file, comprise the load value and the duration of total number, maximum load, minimum load and each point of load of all points of load in the loading spectrum file;

B, judge whether maximum load and minimum load surpass predefined limit value; If transfinite; Then report to the police and do not carry out loading; Otherwise industrial control computer reads the data of first point of load in the total number of the point of load, confirms to export to the size of the controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card according to " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model;

C, convert controlled quentity controlled variable into voltage control signal output, and start timer duration of this point of load regularly through the D/A card;

D, industrial control computer judge that whether the duration of this point of load is less than a load regulation and control cycle; If less than, then the waiting timer timing arrives; If be not less than, then the output signal of torque sensor is gathered through the A/D card, calculate real load, by real load pid number regulator controlled quentity controlled variable is regulated, through the new controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card output, and revise the residue duration;

E, carry out the duration whether less than the judgement in a load regulation and control cycle, regulation and control are arrived until the timer timing so repeatedly, and this point of load output finishes;

F, industrial control computer read the data and the output of the next point of load, and so output of the point of load is one by one all exported until all points of load and to be finished.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1, can read the loading spectrum signal that is stored in the loading spectrum file automatically, control the entire spectrum loading procedure automatically, and can export load to reality and carry out the PID adjusting, the loading system spectral range is wide, dynamic perfromance good, actual output load is accurate.

2, can realize hand/automatically working method conversion, can come control loaded load, also can control the D/A card and load automatically by the predetermined load spectrum signal by industrial control computer by the adjusting knob of manual work through the regulator potentiometer regulating circuit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration synoptic diagram of the automatic frequency spectrum loading system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the execution schematic flow sheet of automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure.

Among the figure: 1. testboard bay; 2. direct current loading motor; 3. torque sensor; 4. parts to be tested or speed change gear; 5. industrial control computer; 6. direct current regulation circuit; 7. potentiometer regulating circuit; 8. hand/automatic change over; 9. constant current constant voltage module; 10. external electrical network.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, be the hardware composition frame chart of automatic frequency spectrum loading system, the automatic frequency spectrum loading system of torque load comprises direct current loading motor 2, torque sensor 3 and industrial control computer 5.Direct current loading motor 2 is arranged on the testboard bay 1; One end of torque sensor 3 and the output shaft mechanical connection of direct current loading motor 2; Parts to be tested on the other end and the testboard bay 1 or speed change gear 4 output shaft mechanical connections, direct current loading motor 2 drives running by parts to be tested or speed change gear 4.The field copper of direct current loading motor 2 is electrically connected with the lead-out terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9.The power input terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9 is electrically connected with external electrical network 10, and the voltage control signal input terminal of constant current constant voltage module 9 is electrically connected with the output terminal of hand/automatic change over 8.When voltage control signal changed, the output current of constant current constant voltage module 9 (also being the exciting current of direct current loading motor 2) changed thereupon, and the moment of resistance that is added on parts to be tested or the speed change gear 4 by direct current loading motor 2 also changes thereupon.Hand/automatic change over 8 has the input end of an output terminal and two mutual exclusions.When it got to " manually " position, input end was connected with the input end electricity of the output signal end that is electrically connected potentiometer regulating circuit 7; When it got to " automatically " position, input end was connected with the input end electricity that is electrically connected D/A card output signal end.Potentiometer regulating circuit 7 has an output terminal and two input ends, and two input ends are electrically connected direct current regulation circuit 6.The D/A card is arranged in the industrial control computer 5, and the D/A card is built-in with the analog quantity spacing output circuit, has analog quantity and isolates output function.The output signal end of torque sensor 3 is electrically connected the input end of analog signal of A/D card.The A/D card is arranged in the industrial control computer 5, and the A/D card is built-in with analog quantity and isolates input circuit, has analog quantity and isolates input function.Prepackage has the computer application software of realizing automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure control in the industrial control computer 5, is built-in with " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model and real load pid number regulator in the frequency spectrum loading procedure control application software automatically." controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model has confirmed that predetermined loaded load and industrial control computer 5 export to the corresponding relation between the controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card; And the difference between the real load that real load pid number regulator can record according to predetermined loaded load and torque sensor 3 is exported to the controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card and is carried out the PID adjusting to industrial control computer 5.

As shown in Figure 2, be the execution flow process of automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure.The loading spectrum signal with the stored in form of loading spectrum file in industrial control computer 5.The loading spectrum file adopts the .txt document format data, comprises that load is counted, load range and three data fields of point of load data, and point of load data field comprises long shaping data, the total number of the point of load in the storage loading spectrum file; The load range district comprises two floating type data, and first is the maximum load in all points of load, and second is the minimum load in all points of load, the kN.m of unit; Point of load data field is concrete point of load data, stores the load value and the duration of each point of load successively, and load value is the floating type data, the kN.m of unit, and the duration also is the floating type data, unit second.Read the loading spectrum file by industrial control computer 5, judge whether maximum load and minimum load surpass predefined limit value, the load limit value can preestablish on the interface of automatic frequency spectrum loading procedure control application software in manual work.If transfinite, then provide overload alarm, and do not carry out loading; If do not transfinite, then industrial control computer 5 reads the data of first point of load, confirms to export to the size of the controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card according to " controlled quentity controlled variable---load " relational model; Then, convert controlled quentity controlled variable into voltage control signal output, and start the duration of this point of load of timer timing immediately through the D/A card.Next, industrial control computer 5 judge this point of load duration whether less than a load regulation and control cycle.If less than, then directly the waiting timer timing arrives; If be not less than, then the output signal of torque sensor 3 is gathered through the A/D card, calculate real load, by real load pid number regulator controlled quentity controlled variable is regulated, through the new controlled quentity controlled variable of D/A card output, and revise the residue duration.And then carry out the duration whether less than the judgement in a load regulation and control cycle, regulation and control are arrived until the timer timing so repeatedly.The timer timing arrives, and this point of load output finishes, and industrial control computer 5 reads the data and the output of the next point of load immediately.So output of the point of load is one by one all exported until all points of load and to be finished.

Should be noted that at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit and the scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed within the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic spectrum loading system for torque loads, comprising a DC loading motor 2, a torque sensor 3 and an industrial control computer 5, the DC loading motor (2) is set on the test bench (1), and one end of the torque sensor (3) is connected to the The output shaft of the DC loading motor (2) is mechanically connected, and the other end is mechanically connected with the component under test on the test bench (1) or the output shaft of the speed change device (4). The feature is that the industrial control computer (5) has a built-in D/A card, A/D card and computer application software for automatic spectrum loading process control, D/A card has built-in analog isolated output circuit, A/D card has built-in analog isolated input circuit, automatic spectrum loaded process control The computer application software has a built-in relationship model of "controlled quantity-load" and an actual load PID digital regulator; the output terminal of the torque sensor (3) is electrically connected to the A/D card; the excitation winding of the DC load motor (2) is connected to the constant current constant The output terminal of the voltage module (9) is electrically connected, and the constant current and constant voltage module (9) is electrically connected to the external power grid (10) and the output terminal of the manual/automatic transfer switch (8). The manual/automatic transfer switch (8) has two Mutually exclusive input terminals, when it is in the "manual" position, the first input terminal is electrically connected to the potentiometer voltage regulating circuit (7), when it is in the "automatic" position, the second input terminal is electrically connected to D In the /A card, the two input ends of the potentiometer voltage regulating circuit (7) are electrically connected to the DC voltage stabilizing circuit (6).

2. a loading method of torque load automatic spectrum loading system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A. Store the load spectrum signal in the industrial control computer (5) in the form of a load spectrum file and read the load spectrum file. The load spectrum file includes the total number of all load points, maximum load, minimum load and each load point load value and duration;

B. Judging whether the maximum load and the minimum load exceed the preset limit value. If it exceeds the limit, the alarm will not be executed. Otherwise, the industrial control computer (5) will read the first load point in the total number of load points. Data, according to the "control quantity - load" relationship model to determine the size of the control quantity output to the D/A card;

C. Convert the control quantity into a voltage control signal output through the D/A card, and start the timer to time the duration of the load point;

D. The industrial control computer (5) judges whether the duration of the load point is less than a load control period; if less, wait for the timer to expire; The output signal is collected, the actual load is calculated, the actual load PID digital regulator adjusts the control amount, the new control amount is output through the D/A card, and the remaining duration is modified;

E. Make a judgment on whether the duration is less than one load control period, and repeat the control until the timer expires and the output of the load point is completed;

F. The industrial control computer (5) reads and outputs the data of the next load point, so that the output is performed one by one until all the load points are output.

3. The loading method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the load spectrum file adopts the .txt data file format, including three data areas of load point number, load range and load point data, and the load point data area includes a long Shaping data, storing the total number of load points in the load spectrum file; the load range area includes two floating-point data, the first is the maximum load among all load points, and the second is the minimum load among all load points; The load point data area is the specific load point data, which stores the load value and duration of each load point in turn, the load value is floating-point data, and the duration is floating-point data.

4. The loading method according to claim 2, characterized in that: said "control quantity-load" relationship model is to determine the relationship between the predetermined loading load and the control quantity output by the industrial control computer (5) to the D/A card The model of the corresponding relationship; the actual load PID digital regulator controls the output of the industrial control computer (5) to the D/A card according to the difference between the predetermined loading load and the actual load measured by the torque sensor (3) The amount is adjusted by PID.